JPS60109445A - Heat insulating construction method from outside of wall - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an external wall insulation method for insulating an object from the outside of a ship's hull. Instead of using the dry method 1, which attaches to the outside of the wall, we use the wet method 1, which uses mortar, etc., to form a surface material and straddling finishing base material on the top of the insulation material on the outside of the wall. This is about how to make a thermal insulation art collection.

It is well known that the external wall insulation method, in which a heat insulating material is placed on the outside of the external wall, has many advantages over the in-wall insulation method, in which a heat insulating material is placed on the inside of the wall.
1k, which has been increasing in popularity in cold regions in recent years.

The mainstream construction method is a dry method using a panel made of a combination of heat insulation and surface material or finishing base I, and it is hard to say that the wet method 1 is the mainstream. The reasons why the wet method 1 method is not mainstream are that the construction period is long, other construction work is affected by cracks, the quality is not constant because it is done on-site, and the construction period is limited in cold and isobaric regions. In addition, in some cases, the wages of craftsmen are high and the working hours are long, and furthermore, it must basically depend on the skills of craftsmen, and many of the wet methods are difficult to prevent from cracking. Another point is that it feels outdated considering the trends of the times.

However, if we take a closer look at the actual situation, depending on the case of individual construction work, there is no reason to exclude the wet method 1 in general, and the wet method 1 may be superior depending on the case. The background to this is that there is a surplus of craftsmen such as plasterers due to the spread of dry methods, and that costs have increased in various ways due to the use of dry methods.

Generally speaking, the wet method 1 is useful in cases where it is sufficient to obtain a certain level of performance using a low-cost method even if it requires a longer construction period.

In view of this situation, the present invention has been designed to provide external wall insulation that can be carried out satisfactorily using conventional wet technology, is low cost, and allows more people to maintain a more comfortable living space. This was done regarding construction methods.

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be explained using conventional construction methods (
1 to 3) and the construction method of the present invention (FIG. 4) will be explained according to the drawings.

As in the embodiment shown in FIG.
l Most of them are foamed plastics, but mortar directly applied to the soil, resin mortar, or blemished mortar mixed with alkali-resistant glass fiber (21 (hereinafter referred to as GR
This is the method of finishing (3) by applying C mortar. This construction method is the most primitive method, and therefore, although it is satisfactory in its performance as an exterior wall material, it has a decisive drawback.

However, cracks, which are a fatal flaw in exterior walls, are unavoidable. At the very least, ordinary brane mortar and resin mortar are prone to cracking, and cracks cause a decrease in the waterproofness of the wall, deterioration of the internal structure, and deterioration of the exterior material. Even if alkali-resistant glass fiber is used,
Cracks often occur depending on the case. Cracks in the finished base layer may occur due to cracks in the structural frame, or because the mortar itself cannot withstand internal stress caused by contraction of the mortar layer itself, or due to the linear expansion coefficient within and between members due to temperature differences. This originates from the generation of internal stress due to differential pressure. One way to reduce the generated internal stress is to disperse the stress on heat insulating plates, but since the work is done horizontally, the adhesion between these materials and the heat insulating material is not very strong, and the internal stress is reduced. cannot be sufficiently transmitted to the insulation board.

There is a method of mixing alkali-resistant glass fibers (hereinafter referred to as ARG) to withstand the internal stress caused by mortar shrinkage, but in the case of on-site coating of pre-mixed mortar, the amount of mixed fibers is at most a It is about 3 inches in comparison,
Depending on the situation, it may not be possible to sufficiently prevent cracks. Furthermore, even with that amount of fiber, coating is difficult, and it is difficult to fit around smooth surfaces, corners, openings, etc., which affects the finish and appearance. On-site construction of Bure Mix GRC has defects in ARG defects and ARG orientation, and cracks occasionally occur even though it is made of glass fiber reinforced cement (hereinafter referred to as GRC). invite

Therefore, in order to compensate for this drawback, it is necessary to make the GRC closely adhere to the heat insulating material and to disperse the stress. Only 1
- Since the GRC is closely attached to the heat insulating material and the force of the troweling press during horizontal work is used alone, the adhesion strength is not sufficient to disperse stress. One method for dispersing internal stress caused by mortar contraction by firmly adhering VC to the insulation material to the insulation shell is to apply adhesive resin mortar instead of GRC mortar. However, the resin mortar product itself increases shrinkage stress, and although it adheres well to the insulation shell and can disperse stress, cracks may occur depending on the coating thickness. cannot be prevented. Furthermore, if the coating thickness is reduced, the basic strength required for the base material for finishing the exterior wall cannot be satisfied. Since resin is much more expensive than mortar, it is difficult to say that applying resin mortar as thick as 1□am to 15 mm is a good method from an economic standpoint. -4f,
In the conventional external insulation method, which requires a mortar finish and moisture permeability, applying a thick layer of resin mortar with high moisture permeability impairs the benefits of external insulation.

Although the above-described embodiment is a primitive construction method, the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 shown below will be described in detail as a method to compensate for such drawbacks.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 of the drawings, a lath (a material with high rigidity and strength such as replus) is used to prevent mortar from cracking. In other words, as a base for the mortar layer (2) applied to the insulation material (1) on the surface of the outer wall (G),
Use the last (4). Mortar 10m~20m+1
By coating the material to a thickness of 1, it provides strength as an exterior wall material, thereby protecting the heat insulating material (1) and preventing cracks in the mortar.

In this method, the shrinkage force of the mortar is borne by the lath (4), but the greater the coating thickness of the mortar, or the farther the mortar is from the lath surface, the more the shrinkage stress is borne by the lath (4). Cracks will occur more frequently in the mortar itself. Mortar finishing, which is seen in ordinary wooden buildings, is done by installing loose boards and waterproof paper as an alternative to the insulation material fi+ shown in Figure 2, and then fixing the lath with a stable or nails (not shown) to make the lath stronger. I have to. On the other hand, in this embodiment, instead of the usual wire lath having low strength and rigidity, riblath or the like is used. Incidentally, cracks are often seen even in the mortar finishing of ordinary wooden buildings, etc., but in the construction method of Jin's example,
Since the integrated plate made of only lath and mortar is located outside the heat insulating material (1), it is easily exposed to the effects of heat and, in some cases, more likely to generate cracks. Unfortunately, this construction method only satisfies the mechanical performance of the outer wall and 17 by applying a thick layer of mortar.

Next, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG.
) is coated with a heat insulating material 11+, and a glass mesh (5) is embedded between the heat insulating material and the resin mortar layer (2). In order for glass mesh to be effective in preventing cracks, it must be near the surface of the mortar, which is prone to cracking, and the mortar itself cannot be applied too thickly. Therefore, in order to more effectively create strength with a thinner mortar layer, we mixed resin into the mortar to create a resin mortar layer (21i) that also has adhesive strength.By using a resin mortar finish, It firmly adheres to the heat insulating material, and the shrinkage stress of the resin mortar layer (2) and the expansion and contraction stress due to temperature are dispersed.Therefore, by using resin mortar, this construction method is much more effective than normal construction methods. In this method, a thin finishing base layer is formed on the cladding, and the stress that causes cracks is skillfully dispersed between the class mesh and the insulation material.

However, although this embodiment is effective in preventing cracks by making the mortar layer thinner, it sacrifices the performance of the outer layer, particularly its strength.

Let's discuss an example.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the outer wall (wooden, concrete block, reinforced concrete, ALC
It can be used regardless of the type of layer etc. Attach heat insulating material +11 to the surface of the outer wall (2), apply the adjustment layer (6), and trowel over reinforced cement mortar (GRC) containing alkali-resistant glass. The biggest feature of this embodiment is that the V-gradient layer (6) is provided on top of the insulation material that has already been added.
) ensures that the insulation material and the GRC mortar on top of the adjustment layer are in close contact. This adjustment layer (6) reliably insulates the stress caused by the shrinkage of the DRC mortar, the stress caused by the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the insulation material (1) and the GRC mortar, and the stress caused by the temperature change of the GRC mortar itself. dispersed in the material,
This adjustment layer is intended to improve the transmission of heat and can prevent cracks in the GRC mortar that serves as the finishing base.If the insulation material (1) is firmly attached to the building frame, the effect will be even greater. It becomes even more certain.

Therefore, it is most preferable to place the insulation at the same time as the concrete. In addition, the adjustment layer (6) is preferably coated with a thin layer of resin mortar from the viewpoint of strength, adhesion, workability, economical efficiency, and the like.

As the resin, an emulsion having adhesive properties such as vinyl acetate, acrylic, SBR, etc. is preferable in view of the heat transmission performance required for external wall insulation. In addition, the reason for using cement mortar is that - GRC mortar, which is excellent as an outer layer base material, is layered on top of the regular layer, and the VSS Seiichi mortar and GRC mortar bond well and increase strength. It depends. Crushed sand is used as aggregate for the resin mortar in the adjustment layer.
Sand etc. are used. However, in some cases, resin cement paste without aggregate can be used,
In some cases, the resin emulsion may be applied as is.

Then, cement may be further applied, and only the resin emulsion may be applied to the heat insulating material. This is a bad case.

Figure 4 shows an example in which resin mortar is applied as an adjustment layer on the top surface of a sliced foamed polystyrene insulation material with a rough surface, aiming at the effect of the mortar biting into the insulation material.

This adjustment layer is thin, with a thickness of about 1 to 211 mm, but in areas where additional insulation material is not strong, around openings, corners, etc., glass mesh is used to strengthen the adjustment layer. In some cases, lath or welded wire mesh is embedded in resin mortar, which suppresses the insulation material to the extent that it is exposed.

Like this f! GRC mortar, which is a material that can bear stress by itself (particularly in-plane stress θk), is applied on the adjustment layer. It also has sufficient strength required as a material.

In the construction method shown in Figure 2, instead of using ordinary brane mortar, lath was used and the thickness of the coating was increased to increase strength, and as a result, the weight t became thicker. However, GRC mortar is thin and can exhibit sufficient strength.

In addition, in the construction method shown in Figure 3, because the coating thickness is thin, differences in the joints of the insulation material have a big impact on the finish, and in order to obtain a smooth surface, a lot of effort and expense is required to ensure the smoothness of the insulation material. However, with this construction method T, which has an adjustment layer thickness of 2 mm and GRC mortar of 6 mm, slight differences in joints and unevenness of the insulation material can be absorbed naturally during the construction process. In other words, the advantages of the wet method are fully utilized. Furthermore, in the construction methods shown in FIGS. 2 and 313, it is difficult to remove the joints even when the joints are required from the viewpoint of preventing cracks or from the viewpoint of design. According to the present invention, joints can be easily removed like normal mortar2. Furthermore, in the construction method shown in Figure 2, cracks are more likely to occur when draining an opening, etc., because only mortar is used, and in the construction method shown in Figure 3, there is a greater possibility of damage in places where objects are likely to hit. Although there is a problem, in the case of the present application, the above-mentioned concerns are eliminated because GRC mortar, which is strong in itself, is used in a thickness that is easy to apply.

However, even when such strong GRC mortar is used as a finishing base material, if it is necessary to form a stronger layer, glass mesh or welded wire mesh may be partially added to the GRC mortar layer. It is better to embed it. For example, cracks can be prevented by applying this method around openings and corners where cracks are most likely to occur.

The alkali-resistant glass fiber of GRC mortar has a weight ratio of 1
~4ch, but as ARG increases, 14- cracks become difficult to form. This is the only method to add admixtures, tailings, etc. to improve workability.

After the GRC mortar dries, most finishes are painted, but it is also possible to attach tiles to the GRC mortar layer by attaching the rutal layer to the structure using metal anchors. In such cases, it is recommended to use mortar for adhesion to the base.

As described above, the present invention solves the various drawbacks of conventional construction methods, takes full advantage of the advantages of wet construction, and
Although the construction procedure and method are simple, it is extremely effective in preventing cracks, the materials used are inexpensive, and
Since I only work as a plasterer, I can provide inexpensive external wall insulation methods.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 4 are side views of one embodiment of the present invention. 1... Insulating material, 2... Mortar layer, 3... Finishing, 4... Lath, 5... Glass mesh, 6... Adjustment layer, W... External wall patent Applicant Kane Fuchi Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Hideaki Sato

Claims (1)

[Claims] +11 An adjustment layer is formed on the heat insulating material attached to the outer surface of the outer wall of the building for the purpose of adjusting the base material and adhering the finishing base material and the heat insulating material, and on top of that, an alkali-resistant layer is formed. This method of constructing external wall insulation is characterized by applying mortar with glass fibers as a finishing base material, and then applying a finishing layer on top of that. The +2+ adjustment layer can be applied directly with an emulsion such as vinyl acetate, acrylic, or styrene-butadiene latex, or the fc can be a resin mortar obtained by mixing Soh+-1 into mortar, etc., or a resin made only of cement and resin. A method for constructing external wall insulation according to claim 2, which is formed by applying cement paste or the like. (3) The method for constructing external wall insulation according to claim (1), wherein the adjustment layer is reinforced with glass mesh, lath, welded wire mesh, etc. so that it can adapt to the behavior of the insulation material below. (4) The method for constructing external wall insulation according to claim 11, in which emulsion resin, tailing phase, admixtures, etc. are all mixed into the alkali-resistant glass fiber-containing mortar of the finishing base layer. ) Glass mesh, lath, welded wire mesh, etc. are placed inside the alkali-resistant glass fiber-containing mortar layer, which is the finishing base layer, to increase strength against shrinkage of the mortar and external impacts. For reinforcement! p!jiFF External wall insulation construction method described in claim No. +11. (6) The finishing layer of the R soil layer is sprayed, roller coated, etc., and the finish is After the base layer is firmly and physically fixed to the outside of the wall using anchors, etc., the top layer is finished with tiles or bricks. Law.