JP4767089B2 - Fire extinguishing apparatus, extinguishing agent generation method, and extinguishing agent - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing apparatus, and more particularly, to a fire extinguishing apparatus that extinguishes a fire using water and an inert gas generated by decomposing an inert gas hydrate, a method for generating a fire extinguishing agent, and a fire extinguishing agent. Is.

  In recent years, fires have dramatically decreased due to the non-wooden construction of buildings and the improvement in fire resistance of building materials. However, no matter how non-timber or the fire resistance performance of building materials is improved, combustible materials are still often used for the interior, and it is impossible to eliminate the fire. In addition, when a fire occurs in a chemical plant or the like with the development of industry, it is impossible to extinguish the fire only by conventional fire extinguishing with water. That is, in such a case, it is common knowledge that a fire brigade specialized in chemical fire extinguishment is dispatched and a chemical fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the cause of the fire is injected to extinguish the fire. Thus, today's chemical fire extinguishing is currently using fire extinguishing with a foam-like chemical fire extinguishing agent or oxygen blocking with carbon dioxide and conventional water discharge methods in accordance with the situation of the fire site.

Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for cutting off oxygen supply to a fire by dissolving the carbon dioxide gas hydrate using the heat of the fire and releasing a large amount of carbon dioxide gas locally.
JP-A-2005-305128

However, in conventional chemical fire extinguishing, a large amount of extinguishing agent must be transported to the fire site, and depending on the scale of the fire, an enormous amount of extinguishing agent is required. Has the problem of becoming enormous.
Moreover, in the prior art described in Patent Document 1, since the heat of the fire is used as a means for dissolving the gas hydrate, the decomposition of the gas hydrate is not always performed smoothly. There is no guarantee that will occur efficiently.

In view of such a problem, the present invention can select an extinguishing agent according to the situation of a fire site by decomposing an inert gas hydrate with a decomposition apparatus and using the generated high-pressure inert gas and water. An object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing apparatus that can effectively extinguish fire and can effectively use the pressure for injection.
Another purpose is to transport the fire extinguisher in a hydrate state, decompose it into an inert gas and water at the fire site, and use it as a fire extinguisher. It is to reduce.
Another purpose is to produce a sherbet-like hydrate by mixing the water produced by the cracking device with an inert gas hydrate, and using it as a fire extinguisher. It is to exhibit synergistic effects such as endothermic effect, fire extinguishing effect by water and carbon dioxide gas after dissolution.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus that decomposes an inert gas hydrate by applying heat to generate water and an inert gas, and the inert gas. And a fire extinguisher injection device that injects water and / or an inert gas generated by the hydrate decomposition device as a fire extinguisher.
When the inert gas hydrate is decomposed by the decomposition apparatus, it is decomposed into an inert gas and water. Since the inert gas and water are effective for fire extinguishing and are generated at a high pressure, the inert gas and water can be used simultaneously, or either one can be used as a fire extinguishing agent.

The present invention provides an inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus that decomposes an inert gas hydrate by applying heat to generate water and an inert gas, water generated by the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus, A mixing tank that generates a sorbet-like hydrate by mixing an inert gas hydrate, and a fire extinguisher injection device that injects the sherbet-like hydrate generated by the mixing tank as a fire extinguisher. And
In the present invention, the inert gas hydrate is made into a sherbet by mixing the water produced by the decomposition apparatus and the inert gas hydrate. By using this sherbet-like hydrate as a fire extinguisher, it is possible to obtain an initial fire extinguishing effect, an endothermic effect by melting ice, and a synergistic effect by the fire extinguishing effect of water and carbon dioxide after melting.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus that decomposes an inert gas hydrate by applying heat to generate water and an inert gas, water generated by the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus, and / or Or a sprinkler that injects an inert gas as a fire extinguishing agent, a temperature sensor that detects the temperature in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing object, and a control unit, and the control unit detects the temperature in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing target by the temperature sensor When it is detected that a predetermined value is exceeded, an inert gas hydrate is supplied to the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus to generate the water and the inert gas.
In the present invention, the fire extinguishing device is fixed and installed in a house, for example. Then, a temperature sensor is provided in a predetermined part of the house, a fire is detected by constantly monitoring the temperature of the temperature sensor, and an inert gas hydrate is supplied to the decomposition apparatus to generate an inert gas and water. Inject from the sprinkler.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus that decomposes an inert gas hydrate by applying heat to generate water and an inert gas, water generated by the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus, and the Mixing inert gas hydrate to produce a sherbet-like hydrate, a sprinkler for injecting the sherbet-like hydrate produced by the mixing vessel as a fire extinguishing agent, and detecting the temperature in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing object A temperature sensor; and a controller, and when the controller detects that the temperature in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing object exceeds a predetermined value by the temperature sensor, the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus and the mixing device The inert gas hydrate is supplied to a tank, and water generated by the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus and the inert gas hydrate are It was mixed with serial mixing tank, characterized by injecting the sherbet-like hydrate as fire extinguishing agents.
In the present invention, the fire extinguishing device is fixed and installed in a house, for example. Then, a temperature sensor is provided in a predetermined part of the house, a fire is detected by constantly monitoring the temperature of the temperature sensor, an inert gas hydrate is supplied to the decomposition device to generate water, and the water is mixed While supplying to a tank and supplying an inert gas hydrate and mixing with water, a sorbet-like hydrate is produced | generated and injected from a sprinkler.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the inert gas is carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or argon.
It is a necessary condition that the gas used for fire extinguishing is an inert gas with poor reactivity. The optimum gas for the conditions is carbon dioxide, nitrogen and argon contained in the atmosphere.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, heat is applied to the inert gas hydrate to decompose it to produce water and an inert gas, and the generated water and the inert gas hydrate are mixed to produce a sherbet-like fire extinguisher. It is characterized as an agent.
The inert gas hydrate is decomposed by applying heat to produce water and inert gas, and the inert gas hydrate is mixed with the generated water and inert gas hydrate to convert the inert gas hydrate into a sherbet-like fire extinguisher. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an initial fire extinguishing effect, an endothermic effect due to melting of ice, and a synergistic effect due to the extinguishing effect of water and carbon dioxide after melting.
A seventh aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is produced by the method for producing a fire extinguishing agent according to claim 6.

  According to the present invention, an inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus that decomposes an inert gas hydrate by applying heat to generate water and an inert gas, water generated by the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus, and And / or a fire extinguisher injection device that injects an inert gas as a fire extinguisher, so that fire extinguishing with water or inert gas as a fire extinguisher, or a combination of both can be selected depending on the cause of the fire, and efficiency Thus, it is possible to extinguish a fire and to efficiently transport the fire extinguishing agent and to reduce the cost of the extinguishing agent.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the components, types, combinations, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like described in this embodiment are merely illustrative examples and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only unless otherwise specified. .
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for generating a fire extinguishing agent used in a fire extinguishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention uses an inert gas hydrate 1 using an inert gas as a guest gas as a fire extinguisher. That is, as a utilization form of the inert gas hydrate 1, in FIG. 1A, the inert gas hydrate 1 is decomposed into the inert gas 2 and the cold water 3, and the inert gas 2 and the cold water 3 are simultaneously flamed. 4 is injected. Moreover, in FIG.1 (b), the inert gas hydrate 1 is made into the sherbet-like hydrate 5, and is injected to the flame 4. In FIG. This sherbet-like hydrate 5 is a sherbet-like mixture of cold water and hydrate obtained by decomposition of the inert gas hydrate 1 (details will be described later). Moreover, in FIG.1 (c), only the cold water 3 obtained by the inert gas hydrate 1 is injected to the flame 4. In FIG. A large amount of inert gas is dissolved in the cold water 3. As the inert gas, carbon dioxide having a high solubility in water is particularly preferable. Examples of the inert gas that is the guest gas of the inert gas hydrate 1 include carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argon. In FIG. 1C, the cold water 3 is injected into the flame 4, but only the inert gas 2 may be injected into the flame 4.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a fire engine equipped with a fire extinguishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a case where carbon dioxide gas is used as the inert gas will be described. FIG. 2A shows the fire truck according to the first embodiment. This fire truck 100 is decomposed by applying heat to the hydrate tank 11 storing the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 and the carbon dioxide hydrate 13, A hydrate decomposition device 12 that generates cold water 16 and carbon dioxide 15, a fire extinguishing agent injection device 14 that injects cold water 16 and carbon dioxide 15 generated by the hydrate decomposition device 12 as a fire extinguisher, and all the devices are mounted. And a vehicle 10 for transporting to a fire site.

  Next, the fire extinguishing operation of the fire engine according to this embodiment will be described. From the hydrate tank 11, the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 is appropriately supplied to the hydrate decomposition device 12 to be decomposed into carbon dioxide 15 and water 16. Due to the decomposition of the carbon dioxide hydrate 13, the inside of the hydrate decomposition apparatus 12 becomes high pressure, so that the carbon dioxide 15 and water 16 are respectively injected into the flame 17 using this pressure. Note that the carbon dioxide 15 and the water 16 can be selectively used depending on the fire and weather conditions. For example, when the wind is blowing strongly, the carbon dioxide gas 15 can be supplied to reduce the amount of oxygen in the fire site atmosphere. Further, only water 16 may be injected. The inside of the hydrate decomposition apparatus 12 is at a high pressure, the temperature of the hydrate-derived water is as low as 0 to 5 ° C., and a relatively large amount of carbon dioxide is dissolved in the hydrate-derived water. Thereby, the fire-extinguishing effect by water and the fire-extinguishing effect by the oxygen concentration in a fire spot atmosphere becoming low can be acquired simultaneously, and the outstanding fire-extinguishing effect can be acquired. In this embodiment, the fire extinguisher injection device 14 is provided, but it is not particularly necessary if the pressure in the hydrate decomposition device 12 is sufficiently high. However, when the pressure is insufficient, it is necessary to further increase the pressure. In this case, the fire extinguisher injection device 14 is operated and used.

  FIG. 2B is a fire truck according to the second embodiment. The fire truck 110 is decomposed by applying heat to the hydrate tank 11 storing the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 and the carbon dioxide hydrate 13, A hydrate decomposition apparatus 12 that generates cold water 20 and carbon dioxide gas (not shown), and cold water 20 generated by the hydrate decomposition apparatus 12 and carbon dioxide hydrate 13 are mixed to generate a sorbate hydrate 19. A mixing tank 18, a fire extinguisher injection device 21 that injects a sherbet-like hydrate 19 generated by the mixing tank 18 as a fire extinguisher, and a vehicle 10 that carries all the devices and transports it to the fire site. Is done.

  Next, the fire extinguishing operation of the fire engine according to this embodiment will be described. From the hydrate tank 11, the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 is appropriately supplied to the hydrate decomposition device 12, decomposed into cold water 20 and carbon dioxide, and the cold water 20 is supplied to the mixing tank 18. In the mixing tank 18, carbon dioxide hydrate 13 is separately supplied, mixed with cold water 20, and pulverized to form a sherbet hydrate 19. This sherbet hydrate 19 is injected into the flame 17. As a result, there is an initial fire extinguishing effect due to the moisture in the sherbet-like hydrate 19, and then a three-stage fire extinguishing effect such as an endothermic effect due to melting of ice and a fire extinguishing effect due to moisture and carbon dioxide after melting is expected, and an excellent fire extinguishing effect Can be obtained. In the present embodiment, the fire extinguisher injection device 21 is provided. However, it is not particularly necessary if the pressure in the hydrate decomposition device 12 is sufficiently high. However, when the pressure is insufficient, it is necessary to further increase the pressure. In this case, the fire extinguisher injection device 21 is operated and used.

  FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. This fire extinguishing apparatus 200 includes a hydrate tank 11 that stores carbon dioxide hydrate 13, a hydrate decomposition apparatus 12 that generates cold water 16 and carbon dioxide 15 by decomposing the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 by applying heat, and a hydrate A sprinkler 23 that injects cold water 16 and carbon dioxide gas 15 generated by the rate decomposition apparatus 12 as a fire extinguisher, a temperature sensor 20 that detects the temperature of the fire extinguishing target, for example, an office or a residence 22, and a control unit 24 , And is configured. When the temperature sensor 20 detects that the temperature in the office / house 22 has exceeded a predetermined value, the controller 24 supplies the hydrate decomposition device 12 with the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 to supply the cold water 16 and the carbon dioxide 15. Is generated.

  That is, when the control unit 24 detects that the temperature in the office or the residence 22 is equal to or higher than a preset temperature by the temperature sensor 20 from the hydrate tank 11 to the hydrate decomposition device 12, carbon dioxide hydride is generated. Rate 13 is provided. In the hydrate decomposition apparatus 12, decomposition of hydrate is actively promoted by a heater or the like to generate carbon dioxide gas 15 and cold water 16. The obtained carbon dioxide gas 15 and cold water 16 are jetted to the fire site 24 through the sprinkler 23 to extinguish the fire. Alternatively, only the cold water 16 in which a large amount of carbon dioxide is dissolved may be injected without extinguishing the carbon dioxide gas 15 to extinguish the fire. Further, a mixing tank as shown in FIG. 2B may be provided to extinguish the fire by injecting a sorbet-like hydrate. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the fire extinguishing target object was set to the office and the residence 22, the fire extinguishing target object can also be applied to a large ship or the like. According to this, it is possible to perform fire extinguishing without polluting the sea even in a fire fighting operation at the time of a sea fire.

  FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The fire extinguishing apparatus 300 includes a hydrate tank 11 that stores carbon dioxide hydrate 13, a hydrate decomposition apparatus 12 that generates cold water 16 and carbon dioxide 15 by decomposing the inert gas hydrate with heat, and a hydrate A water discharge nozzle 27 that injects the cold water 16 generated as a fire extinguisher by the rate decomposition device 12, a carbon dioxide nozzle 26 that injects the carbon dioxide 15 as a fire extinguisher, and a transport vehicle 25 that carries all the devices and transports it to the fire site. , And is configured.

  This embodiment is a small fire extinguisher that can be transported by human power. From the hydrate tank 11, the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 is appropriately supplied to the hydrate decomposition device 12 to be decomposed into carbon dioxide 15 and water 16. Due to the decomposition of the carbon dioxide hydrate 13, the inside of the hydrate decomposition device 12 becomes high pressure, and the carbon dioxide gas 15 and the water 16 are injected from the carbon dioxide gas nozzle 26 and the water discharge nozzle 27 using this pressure, respectively. Note that the carbon dioxide 15 and the water 16 can be selectively used depending on the fire and weather conditions. Alternatively, only the cold water 16 in which a large amount of carbon dioxide is dissolved may be injected without extinguishing the carbon dioxide gas 15 to extinguish the fire. Further, a mixing tank as shown in FIG. 2B may be provided to extinguish the fire by injecting a sorbet-like hydrate.

FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of the hydrate decomposition apparatus. The hydrate decomposition apparatus 12 includes a decomposition tank 31 constituted by a sealed cylindrical member, and an inert gas hydrate that is disposed inside the decomposition tank 31 so as to partition the inside of the decomposition tank 31 vertically and supplied from the hydrate tank 11. The inert gas hydrate 1 placed on the mesh 32 is decomposed by sprinkling hot water 36 from the upper part of the mesh 32 supporting the rate 1 and the decomposition tank 31, and water having a high pressure (decomposed water) ) 3 and an inert gas 2, a water sprinkling pipe 35, a high pressure water (decomposed water) 3 stored in the lower part of the decomposition tank 31, a water discharge pipe 37 for taking out the decomposition tank 31, and a decomposition tank 31 A pump 33 that pumps water (decomposed water) 3 stored in the lower part of the inside, and a heat exchanger that heats the water 3 pumped by the pump 33 into warm water 36 and injects it into the decomposition tank 31 from the water spray pipe 35. 34 and decomposition tank Configured to include an inert gas take-out pipe 30 for supplying to the outside removed inert gas 2 high pressure accumulated in the upper part of the 1, a.
Since the inert gas hydrate 1 is decomposed by applying heat, the inert gas hydrate 1 can be configured to be naturally decomposed by the outside air temperature without promoting the decomposition by the hot water. In this case, the apparatus configuration can be further simplified.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 is decomposed by applying heat to produce the water 16 and the carbon dioxide gas 15, and the water 16 produced by the hydrate decomposer 12. And / or a fire extinguisher injection device 14 that injects carbon dioxide 16 as a fire extinguisher, so that fire extinguishing with water 16 or carbon dioxide 15 or a combination of both can be selected as a fire extinguisher depending on the cause of the fire. It is possible to extinguish a fire efficiently, and it is possible to efficiently carry out the extinguishing agent and reduce the cost of the extinguishing agent.

  Further, the hydrate decomposition device 12 that decomposes the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 by applying heat to generate water 16 and carbon dioxide 15, and the water 16 and the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 generated by the hydrate decomposition device 12 are combined. Since a mixing tank 18 that mixes to produce a sherbet-like hydrate 19 and a fire extinguishing agent injection device 21 that injects the sherbet-like hydrate 19 produced by the mixing tank 18 as a fire extinguisher is provided. The cause of heat generation and air can be removed efficiently.

  Further, the hydrate decomposition device 12 that decomposes the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 by applying heat to generate water 16 and carbon dioxide 15, and the water 16 and / or the carbon dioxide 15 generated by the hydrate decomposition device 12 A sprinkler 23 that injects as a fire extinguishing agent, a temperature sensor 20 that detects the temperature in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing object 22, and a control unit 24. Is detected, the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 is supplied to the hydrate decomposition apparatus 12 to generate water 16 and carbon dioxide 15 so that fire detection in an unmanned building can be automatically performed. it can.

  Further, the hydrate decomposition device 12 that decomposes the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 by applying heat to generate water 16 and carbon dioxide 15, and the water 16 and the carbon dioxide hydrate 13 generated by the hydrate decomposition device 12 are combined. Mixing tank 18 that produces a sherbet-like hydrate 19 by mixing, a sprinkler 23 that injects the sherbet-like hydrate 19 produced by the mixing tank 18 as a fire extinguishing agent, and a temperature that detects the temperature in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing object 22 When the temperature sensor 20 detects that the temperature in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing target 22 has exceeded a predetermined value, the control unit 24 includes the hydrate decomposition apparatus 12 and the mixing tank 18. Carbon dioxide hydrate 13 is supplied, water 16 produced by hydrate decomposition apparatus 12 and carbon dioxide hydrate 13 Mixing in the mixing tank 18 and injecting the sherbet-like hydrate 19 as a fire extinguisher, it is possible to automatically detect a fire in an unmanned building, etc., and to efficiently generate heat and air that are the cause of the fire. Can be removed.

  In addition, since the inert gas is carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or argon, by jetting the gas, the air around the fire can be shut off to efficiently extinguish the fire.

(A)-(c) is a conceptual diagram which produces | generates the fire extinguisher used for the fire extinguisher which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) is a block diagram of the fire engine of 1st Embodiment, (b) is a block diagram of the fire engine of 2nd Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the fire extinguishing apparatus which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the fire extinguishing apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which represents typically the structure of a hydrate decomposition | disassembly apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Vehicle, 11 Hydrate tank, 12 Hydrate decomposition device, 13 Carbon dioxide hydrate, 14 Extinguishing agent injection device, 15 Carbon dioxide gas, 16 Cold water, 18 Mixer, 19 Sherbet hydrate, 30 Inert gas extraction pipe, 31 Decomposition tank, 32 Net, 33 Pump, 34 Heat exchanger, 35 Sprinkling pipe, 36 Hot water, 37 Water extraction pipe, 100, 110 Fire engine

Claims (7)

An inert gas hydrate decomposition device that decomposes the inert gas hydrate by applying heat to generate water and an inert gas;
A fire extinguisher injection device for injecting water and / or inert gas generated by the inert gas hydrate decomposition device as a fire extinguisher;
A fire extinguisher characterized by comprising: An inert gas hydrate decomposition device that decomposes the inert gas hydrate by applying heat to generate water and an inert gas;
A mixing tank for mixing water generated by the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus and the inert gas hydrate to generate a sherbet-like hydrate;
A fire extinguisher jetting apparatus that jets a sherbet-like hydrate produced by the mixing tank as a fire extinguishing agent;
A fire extinguisher characterized by comprising: An inert gas hydrate decomposition device that decomposes the inert gas hydrate by applying heat to generate water and an inert gas;
A sprinkler that injects water and / or inert gas generated by the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus as a fire extinguishing agent;
A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing object, and a control unit,
When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing object exceeds a predetermined value, the control unit supplies the inert gas hydrate decomposition device to the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus, thereby A fire extinguishing apparatus characterized by generating an active gas. An inert gas hydrate decomposition device that decomposes the inert gas hydrate by applying heat to generate water and an inert gas;
A mixing tank for mixing water generated by the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus and the inert gas hydrate to generate a sherbet-like hydrate;
A sprinkler that injects a sorbet-like hydrate produced by the mixing tank as a fire extinguishing agent;
A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing object, and a control unit,
When the control unit detects that the temperature in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing object exceeds a predetermined value by the temperature sensor, the control unit supplies the inert gas hydrate to the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus and the mixing tank. The fire extinguishing apparatus characterized in that water produced by the inert gas hydrate decomposition apparatus and the inert gas hydrate are mixed in the mixing tank and the sherbet-like hydrate is injected as a fire extinguishing agent.   The fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inert gas is carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or argon.   The inert gas hydrate is decomposed by applying heat to produce water and an inert gas, and the resulting water and the inert gas hydrate are mixed to form a sorbet-like fire extinguisher. A method for producing a fire extinguishing agent.   A fire extinguisher produced by the method for producing a fire extinguisher according to claim 6.

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