JP2010254449A - Garbage collection vehicle and fire extinguishing method for garbage collecting vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage collection vehicle and a fire extinguishing method for the garbage collection vehicle, inhibiting or extinguishing a fire broken out in a garbage collection box. <P>SOLUTION: Water vapor generated by a water vapor generation means 5 is supplied into the garbage collection box 1 for extinguishing the fire in the garbage collection box 1. The water vapor generation means 6 includes a water vapor generation chamber 8 provided on a ceiling wall 7 which is a wall part of the garbage collection box 1, and a water vapor injection passage 9 bringing the water vapor generation chamber 8 into communication with the inside of the garbage collection box 1. The water vapor is generated from liquid supplied in the water vapor generation chamber 8 through the heat of the ceiling wall 7 heated by outbreak of the fire. The water vapor is supplied into the garbage collection box 1 through the water vapor injection passage 9. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a garbage truck and a fire extinguishing method for a garbage truck.

  The refuse collection vehicle mainly includes a dust storage box for storing dust, a dust input box attached to the rear opening of the dust storage box, and a pushing means provided in the dust input box, and is put into the dust input box. The dust is stored in the dust storage box by pressing means.

  By the way, the waste is classified into general waste discharged from homes, industrial waste generated by production activities, human waste and the like. Various accidents occur in each process. 22% of accidents involving municipal waste are fires. This fire was 34% at the time of storage and occurred at 40% during collection and transportation (transport using a garbage truck). According to estimates, more than 1000 fire and explosion accidents occurred in garbage trucks nationwide.

  The waste collected by the garbage truck may contain explosives and ignited materials such as LPG cans in which the internal gas remains. If explosives or ignited materials are included in this way, a fire may occur. In particular, in the case of a press-type waste collection vehicle, the dust is compressed by a pressing plate and is pushed into the dust storage box for storage. For this reason, if the waste contains explosives such as LPG cans where the internal gas remains, the LPG can is compressed by the compression to cause gas leakage, and this gas is compressed. Fire is generated inside the garbage storage box by igniting with the heat generated by the fire or friction fireworks. If a fire broke out inside the garbage container of the garbage truck, it was difficult to extinguish the fire from the outside of the garbage truck. LPG is a mixture of hydrocarbons mainly composed of propane and butane.

As a fire extinguishing method for such a garbage truck fire, there is a method of injecting a liquid fire extinguishing agent (water) and a gas fire extinguishing agent (CO ₂ or the like). For this reason, a tank containing fire extinguishing agent is loaded on the garbage truck, an introduction pipe is provided to put the fire extinguishing agent in the tank into the dust storage box, and dust is stored by spraying the fire extinguishing agent into the dust storage box. A garbage collection vehicle including a vehicle fire extinguishing device capable of extinguishing a fire inside a box has been proposed (Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3). In Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 3, a liquid fire extinguisher is used. In Patent Document 2, there is no direct description of the type of extinguishing agent, but a gas-based extinguishing agent or the like is used.

  Furthermore, a dust collection vehicle has been proposed that extinguishes a fire inside the dust storage box by introducing exhaust gas into the dust storage box (Patent Document 4).

  There is also a method of spraying water from an external fire truck, a fire hydrant, a water tank, or the like without providing a fire extinguishing device in the garbage truck itself.

JP 2003-95404 A JP 2003-250925 A Utility Model Registration No. 3086167 JP 2005-323855 A

  However, as shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 3, in a case where a tank containing a fire extinguisher is loaded, the fire extinguisher is a liquid fire extinguisher, and the weight of the entire fire extinguishing apparatus is increased, which is effective for a garbage truck The load will be impaired. Moreover, in order to spray a fire extinguishing agent on a dust storage box, a watering nozzle will be arrange | positioned in a dust storage box. However, in the garbage storage box, it is necessary to load and discharge the dust, and if there is such a watering nozzle in the dust collection vehicle, it will hinder the work of loading and discharging the dust. Moreover, liquid fire extinguishing agents are inferior in diffusibility and cannot be extinguished efficiently. Moreover, as shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 3, by disposing the watering nozzle in close contact with the inner surface of the ceiling wall, it is possible to prevent hindering of the dust loading / discharging operation. However, if the watering nozzle is brought into close contact with the inner surface of the ceiling wall in this way, the spraying range of the fire extinguishing agent becomes narrow and it becomes difficult to supply the fire extinguishing agent to the inside of the garbage. For this reason, it is difficult for the extinguishing agent to reach the fire source inside the dense combustible material, and it becomes difficult to extinguish the fire.

  When a gas-based fire extinguisher is used, it is easier to diffuse than a liquid fire extinguisher and reach the fire source inside a dense combustible material. However, when a gas fire extinguisher is used, complete fire extinguishing cannot be achieved unless a certain gas concentration is maintained for a certain time. However, the dust storage box of the press-type dust collection vehicle, which is prone to fire, is low in airtightness, and the capacity of the tank for storing the fire extinguishing agent is limited. For this reason, it was difficult to completely extinguish once a fire broke out with low airtightness. Therefore, if an attempt is made to improve the sealing performance, it is necessary to seal the gap, and the assembly property of the garbage truck becomes inferior and the cost increases. Moreover, the fire cannot be extinguished until the oxygen concentration is lowered, and the seal structure portion of the dust container may be damaged by the flame during this period. Thus, if the seal structure is damaged, the gas-based fire extinguishing agent flows out from the damaged part, and the oxygen concentration in the dust container cannot be reduced. Fire fighting becomes difficult. Furthermore, after use, it is necessary to refill the tank with a gas-based fire extinguisher. Therefore, there is a refilling work, and the workability is inferior.

  In the case of using exhaust gas as described in Patent Document 4, the exhaust gas is not discharged when the engine is stopped. For this reason, when a fire has occurred with the engine stopped in this manner, the exhaust gas cannot be supplied to the refuse storage box and the fire extinguishing function cannot be exhibited.

  Moreover, in the thing using exhaust gas, the whole dust storage box is filled with exhaust gas, the oxygen concentration inside a dust storage box is reduced, and it extinguishes by this. For this reason, in order to prevent the supplied exhaust gas from flowing out of the dust storage box, it is necessary to make the dust storage box excellent in sealing performance as in the case of using a gas fire extinguisher.

  When water is sprayed from a fire-fighting vehicle, it is necessary to wait for the arrival of the fire-fighting vehicle after the fire has occurred, during which the fire spreads. If the fire spreads in this way, the dust storage box is cut to scrape out the dust inside and extinguish the fire in this state. If this happens, the surrounding environment will be adversely affected by smoke, odor, and sewage.

  In addition, when water is sprayed from a water tank or the like, the fire extinguishing work cannot be performed unless there is a water tank or the like at the place where the fire occurred.

  In view of the above problems, a garbage collection vehicle capable of suppressing or extinguishing a fire generated in a garbage storage box is provided.

  The refuse collection vehicle of this invention is a refuse collection vehicle provided with the dust storage box, and is provided with the water vapor generating means for supplying the fire fighting water vapor to the dust storage box.

  By the way, the extinguishing concentration of carbon dioxide is 22%, and the extinguishing performance is the highest among the inert gases. However, in order to store carbon dioxide, a dedicated high-pressure vessel is required, and it takes time and money to replenish, so it is difficult to spread as a fire extinguishing device for a garbage truck. There is a research that water vapor has a fire extinguishing ability equivalent to that of carbon dioxide ("Effects of water vapor on combustion limit", Japanese Fire Society Summary of Research Presentations (pages 232 to 235), published in May 2001). For this reason, if the water vapor | steam density | concentration in the refuse storage box 1 can be maintained at about 20%, flammable combustion will be suppressed. That is, water vapor has an inert gas property and can suppress or extinguish a fire by its suffocation effect / dilution effect. Usually, the concentration of saturated water vapor at room temperature is about 3%. However, if the ambient temperature rises to 60 ° C., the concentration of saturated water vapor reaches about 20%, which can suppress combustion.

  Therefore, in the refuse collection vehicle of the present invention, water vapor generated by heating the liquid is supplied to the refuse storage box. As a result, the concentration of water vapor in the dust storage box is increased, and the fire in the dust storage box can be suppressed or extinguished by the suffocation effect and dilution effect of water vapor. Moreover, compared to the case where liquid fire extinguishing agent (for example, water) is directly jetted, the volume of water vapor is larger than that of water (1700 times if the pressure is 100 ° C.). For this reason, the usage-amount of the liquid (for example, water) used as water vapor | steam can be reduced significantly.

  The water vapor generating means includes a water vapor generating chamber, and a water vapor injecting passage that communicates the water vapor generating chamber and the inside of the dust storage box, and water vapor is generated from the liquid supplied to the water vapor generating chamber due to heat generated by a fire. Is preferably supplied into the refuse storage box through the water vapor injection path.

  In such a water vapor generating means, the liquid supplied to the water vapor generating chamber evaporates and generates water vapor due to the occurrence of a fire. At this time, since the water vapor generation chamber communicates with the inside of the dust storage box through the water vapor injection path, the water vapor generated in the water vapor generation chamber is supplied into the dust storage box through the water vapor injection path.

  A tank containing a liquid for generating water vapor, a pump for supplying the liquid in the tank to the water vapor generating chamber, a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature at a reference part for determining a fire extinguishing reference temperature, and the temperature of the reference part When the set temperature, which is the fire extinguishing reference temperature, is exceeded, the pump is driven to supply liquid in the tank to the water vapor generating chamber, and when the temperature of the reference portion becomes lower than the set temperature, the pump is stopped. It is preferable to provide control means for stopping the supply of the liquid to the water vapor generation chamber. In this case, as the reference part, at least one part of the wall part of the dust collection box provided with the steam generation chamber, the casing wall constituting the steam generation chamber, and the inside of the steam generation chamber, or a plurality of parts It can be a site. Further, the set temperature is a temperature at which water vapor is generated and the water vapor is supplied to the dust storage box so that the saturated water vapor in the dust storage box has a concentration equal to or higher than the saturated water vapor at room temperature. Here, the wall portion includes the ceiling wall and the side wall of the dust storage box. For this reason, in the present invention, the term “wall portion” may refer to a ceiling wall or a side wall.

  When a fire occurs and the temperature of the reference part (for example, the wall of the dust storage box) exceeds the set temperature, liquid is supplied into the water vapor generating chamber by this control means, and this liquid generates (generates) water vapor. Then, the water vapor can be supplied into the refuse storage box. Also, if the temperature of the reference part (for example, the wall of the dust storage box) falls below the temperature that is sufficient to determine that the fire is extinguished, the fire has been suppressed, and the supply of liquid into the water vapor generating chamber is stopped. can do. A water vapor generation chamber is attached to the ceiling wall of the dust collection box, the water vapor in the water vapor generation chamber is supplied into the dust collection box via the ceiling wall, and the reference portion is the ceiling wall.

  Moreover, it is preferable to provide a bubble generating means for generating bubbles for blocking the dust container and the outside air. That is, the dust container and the outside air can be blocked by the foam generated by the foam generating means. If the dust container box and the outside air are shut off in this way, when a fire occurs, oxygen in the dust container box is consumed by the fire and the oxygen concentration is lowered.

  The liquid supplied to the water vapor generating chamber of the water vapor generating means can be constituted by a foam generating solution that is supplied to the foam generating means and generates bubbles by the foam generating means. That is, it is possible to share the liquid that generates water vapor and the liquid that generates bubbles.

  The foam generating means may include a foam generator for mixing the foam generating solution and air. Moreover, you may use the foaming apparatus which mixes a foam generating agent and air in water within a foam generator.

  In the method for extinguishing a garbage truck according to the present invention, water vapor is supplied into a dust storage box to extinguish a fire generated in the dust in the dust storage box. In this case, it is preferable that water vapor is generated by heat generated by a fire.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress or extinguish a fire in the dust storage box by the suffocation effect / dilution effect of water vapor, and it is possible to prevent burning of the dust storage box by this fire extinguishing. Moreover, since water vapor is a gas, it can be filled up to the inside of the garbage without being affected by weight, and the fire inside the garbage, which has been difficult with a liquid extinguishing agent (for example, water), can be extinguished. Moreover, compared with the case where a liquid fire extinguishing agent (for example, water) is directly injected, the amount of liquid (for example, water) used as water vapor can be greatly reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

  The steam generating means is provided with a steam generating chamber, and a steam injection passage that communicates the steam generating chamber with the inside of the dust storage box. It is possible to reduce the size and achieve cost reduction. In addition, since the supply of water vapor to the water vapor generation chamber is performed through the water vapor injection path, the water vapor injection path only needs to be open to the water vapor generation chamber and the dust storage box, and the side of the water vapor injection path to the dust storage box There is no need for the large opening to protrude into the dust storage box, and the work of loading and discharging dust is not hindered by the water vapor injection path.

  In the case of having a control means, when a fire occurs and the temperature of the reference part (for example, the wall of the dust storage box) exceeds the set temperature, liquid is supplied into the water vapor generating chamber and sequentially during the fire. Water vapor can be supplied to the refuse storage box. For this reason, during a fire outbreak, the fire extinguishing function by water vapor can be exhibited stably. If the fire is extinguished, the supply of liquid into the water vapor generating chamber can be stopped. Moreover, compared to the case where liquid fire extinguishing agent (for example, water) is directly injected, the amount of liquid (for example, water) used as water vapor can be significantly reduced, and this liquid (for example, water) is stored. The capacity of the tank can be reduced. As a result, the weight of the apparatus can be reduced, and the effective load capacity of the garbage truck can be maintained. In addition, since it extinguishes with water vapor, there is no need to use a gas-based fire extinguisher, and the liquid mounted on the garbage truck can be easily supplied to the tank by the operator (user) in a short time. can do.

  In the case provided with the foam generating means, the dust container and the outside air can be blocked by the foam generated by the foam generating means. For this reason, when a fire occurs in the refuse storage box, the fire can be extinguished in a short time by reducing the oxygen concentration. Moreover, what is necessary is just to generate a bubble at the time of a fire outbreak, without arrange | positioning a sealing device (sealing materials, such as packing), in order to ensure the sealing performance of a dust storage box. For this reason, it is not necessary to assemble this garbage collection vehicle as what is excellent in sealing performance, and it can improve assemblability.

  If it is possible to share a liquid that generates water vapor and a liquid that generates bubbles, it is necessary to mount two types of liquids, a liquid that generates water vapor and a liquid that generates bubbles, on this garbage truck. It is possible to reduce the weight of the garbage truck. Further, if a foaming device that mixes a foam generating agent and air with water in the foam generator is used, it is not necessary to use a foam generating solution as the liquid supplied to the steam generating chamber. As the liquid to be supplied, 100% of water such as tap water can be used, and cleaning of the steam generation chamber or the like can be simplified.

It is a simplified perspective view of the garbage truck which shows the embodiment of the present invention. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of the water vapor generating means of the said garbage truck. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of the foam generation means of the said garbage truck. It is a simplified block diagram of another bubble generation means.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 shows a garbage truck according to the present invention. The garbage collection vehicle includes a dust container 1 having a rear opening, and a dust input box 2 attached to the rear opening of the dust container 1 so as to be freely opened and closed. The garbage storage box 1 is disposed in a vehicle body frame (not shown), and a driver's seat is disposed in the front portion of the vehicle body frame. This garbage truck is equipped with a fire extinguishing system 3. The fire extinguishing system 3 includes water vapor generating means 5 and foam generating means 6. The garbage storage box 1 includes a pair of side walls 4, 4, a ceiling wall 7, a front wall 15, and a bottom wall 14. The side walls 4 and 4, the ceiling wall 7, the front wall 15, and the bottom wall 14 of the dust container box 1 are referred to as a wall part of the dust container box 1. For this reason, in this invention, when calling it a wall part, the side walls 4, 4 and the ceiling wall 7, the front wall 15, and the bottom wall 14 shall be included.

  Three steam generating means 5 are provided at a predetermined pitch along the front-rear direction on the wall portion of the dust container 1, in this case, the ceiling wall 7. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, each water vapor generating means 5 includes a water vapor generating chamber 8 provided on the ceiling wall 7 of the dust container box 1, and a water vapor injection path that connects the water vapor generating chamber 8 and the dust container box 1. 9. The water vapor generation chamber 8 is configured inside by disposing a casing wall (box body) 10 having an upper wall 10a and a peripheral wall 10b on the upper surface 7a side of the ceiling wall 7 of the dust container 1. . Corresponding to the box 10, a short pipe 11 constituting the water vapor injection path 9 is arranged on the ceiling wall 7. In this case, the short pipe 11 is arranged along the vertical direction so that the lower opening thereof opens into the refuse storage box 1 and the upper opening thereof opens into the water vapor generation chamber 8. The lower end surface 11b of the short pipe 11 is disposed on the ceiling wall 7 on the substantially same plane as the inner surface (lower surface) 7b. The upper end face 11a of the short pipe 11 has a predetermined dimension than the upper surface 7a of the ceiling wall 7. Projected by T.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a liquid supply pipe 12 is disposed in the refuse storage box 1, and a flow distributor 13 is connected to the liquid supply pipe 12 corresponding to the box 10 of each water vapor generation chamber 8. Has been. That is, the liquid supply pipe 12 includes a main body 12 a extending in the front-rear direction of the upper surface 7 a of the ceiling wall 7 of the dust container 1, and a liquid feed pump 16 and a main body 12 a attached to the front wall 15 of the dust container 1. And a connecting pipe 12b. Each flow distributor 13 and the steam generation chamber 8 are connected via a pipe 17 (see FIG. 2). That is, the pipe 17 is connected to a part of the peripheral wall 10 b of each box 10. A check valve 18 is interposed in the connecting pipe 12b. The check valve 18 prevents a back flow from the liquid supply pipe 12 to the liquid supply pump 16. In addition, as the liquid feeding pump 16, various pumps such as a turbo type (non-positive displacement pump) and a positive displacement pump can be used.

  The front wall 15 of the refuse storage box 1 is provided with the pump 16 and a tank 20 in which a liquid for generating water vapor (in this case, a foam generating solution) is stored in the water vapor generating chamber 8. 20 and the liquid feed pump 16 are connected by a connecting pipe 21. For this reason, when the liquid feeding pump 16 is driven, the foam generating solution in the tank 20 flows out and flows into the liquid feeding pipe 12. The foam generation solution is a mixed solution of water and a surfactant. For example, water is 99% to 98%, and the surfactant is 1% to 2%.

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 1, the liquid feeding pipe 12 is provided with a branch pipe 12 c disposed along the width direction of the dust container 1 on the rear side of the upper surface 7 a of the ceiling wall 7 of the dust container 1. In addition, the bubble generating means 6 is provided on both ends of the branch pipe 12c.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the bubble generating means 6 includes a bubble radiating head 26 having a mesh body 25 attached to the lower opening, and an injection nozzle 27 that enters the bubble radiating head 26. The injection nozzle 27 is connected to a pipe 30 that hangs down from both ends of the branch pipe 12 c and enters the dust container 1.

  For this reason, when the liquid supply pump 16 is driven and the foam generating solution in the tank 20 flows out and flows into the liquid supply pipe 12, the foam generating solution is supplied from the flow distributor 13 to the arrow shown in FIG. Like A, it is supplied to the steam generation chamber 8 through the pipe 17. Further, when the generating solution flows out and flows into the liquid feeding pipe 12, it is supplied to the injection nozzle 27 through the pipe 30 as indicated by an arrow B shown in FIG.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 2, if a fire occurs in the refuse storage box 1, the ceiling wall 7 is heated, and by this heating, the foam generating solution is supplied to the water vapor generating chamber 8, The foam generating solution becomes water vapor. If the water vapor is generated in this way, the water vapor is supplied into the refuse storage box 1 through the water vapor injection path 9 as indicated by the broken line arrow C in FIG. In this embodiment, as will be described later, when a fire occurs and the ceiling wall 7 is heated, and the ceiling wall 7 reaches a set temperature or higher, supply of the foam generating solution to the water vapor generating chamber 8 is started. Is done. That is, in this embodiment, in the state before the occurrence of a fire, the foam generation solution 8 is not supplied to the steam generation chamber 8, and when the fire occurs, the supply of the foam generation solution is started. is there. However, if possible (for example, by blocking the water vapor injection path 9 with a water vapor passage filter or the like through which water vapor can pass, the foam generating solution flows out from the water vapor injection path 9 into the dust container box 1 during traveling or the like. If it is possible to prevent this, a certain amount of foam-generating solution is supplied (stored in water) to the water vapor generating chamber 8 even in a state before the fire occurs, and a fire occurs and the water is generated in the water vapor generating chamber 8 Control may be performed to replenish when the foam generating solution decreases. In FIG. 2, 50 indicates a fire source in the refuse S, and a hot air current is generated from the fire source 50 as indicated by an arrow D.

  Thus, in the fire extinguishing system 3 in this invention, both a wet type and a dry type can be used. The wet method is a method in which a fire extinguishing liquid (a liquid for generating water vapor) is put in advance in the piping and the water vapor generating chamber 8 and the like, and is naturally evaporated when a fire occurs. In the dry type, before the fire is generated, the fire-extinguishing liquid (liquid for generating water vapor) is not put into the piping and the water vapor generating chamber 8 and the liquid feed pump 16 is driven after the fire has occurred. By this, the fire extinguishing liquid is sent to the piping and the steam generation chamber 8 and the like to evaporate.

  When the wet method is used, the heat capacity of the water vapor generation chamber 8 and the ceiling (the ceiling wall 7) in the vicinity thereof increases, so that the rise of the ceiling temperature during a fire is delayed. As a result, fire detection may be delayed. However, since the water vapor release timing is not delayed (becomes earlier), it is expected not to affect the fire suppression effect. On the other hand, in the case of the dry type, the ceiling temperature rises quickly, so that fire can be detected early. In addition, there is no concern about liquid leakage during non-fire, and the apparatus (system) can be further simplified.

  When the foam generating solution is supplied to the spray nozzle 27 via the pipe 30, the foam generating solution is sprayed from the spray port 27a of the spray nozzle 27 to the foam radiation head 26 as shown by the arrow E, and this foam radiation is generated. It mixes with the air flowing in as indicated by the arrow F in the head 26, passes through the mesh body 25, becomes a bubble, and is injected into the dust container 1 as indicated by the arrow G.

  Generally, combustibles are difficult to burn when the oxygen concentration is 15% or less. For this reason, in a fixed nitrogen fire extinguishing equipment etc., it designs so that oxygen concentration may be 12.5%. In this way, if the dust container 1 of the garbage truck at the time of a fire can be maintained in a sealed state, oxygen in the dust container 1 is consumed by combustion and the concentration decreases.

  Therefore, in the present invention, the dust container 1 and the outside air are blocked by injecting bubbles into the dust container 1. That is, a gap (particularly a gap on the rear opening side) in the dust container 1 is filled with the foam.

  By the way, if a fire breaks out and the water vapor in the water vapor generation chamber 8 is sequentially supplied into the refuse storage box 1, the solution for foam generation in the water vapor generation chamber 8 decreases. For this reason, it is necessary to replenish the bubble generating chamber 8 with the foam generating solution by driving the pump 16. In this case, if the amount of liquid supplied into the dust storage box 1 as water vapor and the amount of liquid for replenishing the foam generating solution are the same, as shown in FIG. It is possible to maintain a state in which the surface does not exceed the upper end surface 11a of the short pipe 11 and the bubble generation solution in the water vapor generation chamber 8 is not lost.

  However, if the amount of liquid supplied to the dust storage box 1 as water vapor is larger than the amount of liquid to replenish the bubble generating solution, the bubble generating solution in the water vapor generating chamber 8 may be lost. If the amount of liquid supplied into the dust container 1 as water vapor is less than the amount of liquid for replenishing the foam generating solution, the level of the generating solution exceeds the upper end surface 11a of the short pipe 11. Thus, the solution for generation is supplied directly into the dust container 1. Even if the generation solution is directly supplied into the dust container 1 as described above, there is no problem with fire extinguishing. That is, when the generating solution is directly supplied into the dust container 1, the level of the generating solution is the same as the upper end surface 11 a of the short pipe 11 or lower than the upper end surface 11 a. Become. In this state, water vapor is supplied into the dust container 1 from the water vapor injection path 9 composed of the short pipe 11, and if the liquid level of the solution for generation exceeds the upper end surface 11a of the short pipe 11, The generating solution is supplied directly into the dust container 1. For this reason, when the amount of liquid supplied into the dust storage box 1 as water vapor is smaller than the amount of liquid to replenish the foam generating solution, the supply of water vapor and the supply of the generating solution are repeated alternately.

  For this reason, the fire extinguishing system 3 includes a temperature sensor 32 for monitoring the temperature of a reference part (in this embodiment, the ceiling wall 7) for determining the fire extinguishing reference temperature, a control means 33 for controlling the driving of the pump 16, and an alarm. Means 34 so that the foam generating solution supplied into the dust container 1 is not lost. As the temperature sensor 32, various sensors such as a thermocouple and a temperature thermistor can be used. The control means 33 can be configured as a microcomputer or the like.

  A liquid supply temperature (set temperature) (for example, 100 ° C.) is set in the control means 33 in advance. If the temperature of the temperature sensor 32 exceeds the liquid supply temperature, the pump 16 is driven by a command from the control means 33. Then, the foam generating solution in the steam generation chamber 8 is supplied. That is, if the temperature of the temperature sensor 32 (that is, the temperature of the ceiling wall 7) exceeds 100 ° C., a fire has occurred in the refuse storage box 1, and this temperature causes the bubble generating solution in the water vapor generating chamber 8 to be fired. Becomes water vapor, and this water vapor is supplied into the refuse storage box 1. For this reason, since the foam generating solution in the water vapor generating chamber 8 decreases, the operation is performed to replenish the foam generating solution.

  At this time, the foam generating solution is supplied to the foam generating means 6, and the foam is supplied from the foam generating means 6 into the refuse storage box 1. Thereby, the dust container 1 of the garbage truck can be maintained in a sealed state in the event of a fire. Moreover, if the temperature of the ceiling wall 7 falls by the said control means 33, supply of the solution for foam generation will be stopped, and the inside of the dust storage box 1 can be maintained at a fixed temperature. For this reason, it is possible to keep the water vapor concentration in the dust container 1 at a concentration that can be extinguished. Moreover, the control of the control means 33 and the generation of foam by the foam generation means 6 can improve the airtightness of the dust storage box 1 for maintaining the temperature and water vapor concentration in the dust storage box 1, and the dust storage box 1 can maintain the water vapor concentration and reduce the oxygen concentration.

  If the temperature of the temperature sensor 32 exceeds the liquid supply temperature, the alarm means 34 notifies the operator of the garbage truck that this is the case, that is, a fire has occurred. As the alarm means 34, an alarm sound is generated and a colored light (LED light or the like) for alarm is turned on.

  And if the temperature of the ceiling wall 7 falls below the temperature set enough to determine that the fire is extinguished, the fire is being controlled. For this reason, if the temperature of the ceiling wall 7 falls below the set temperature, the driving of the pump 16 is stopped by a command from the control means 33 and the foam generating solution to the water vapor generating means 5 and the foam generating means 6 is stopped. Supply stops.

  By the way, it is preferable to maintain the foam generating solution in the steam generation chamber 8 in a state as shown in FIG. For this reason, a sensor (for example, a liquid level gauge) for detecting the liquid amount of the foam generating solution is provided in the water vapor generating chamber 8 so as to maintain the liquid amount of the foam generating solution in the state shown in FIG. Can be. That is, if the liquid level reference value is input in advance to the control means 33 and the pump 16 is controlled by the control means 33 so that the liquid level of the bubble generating solution in the water vapor generating chamber 8 becomes the liquid level reference value. Good.

  In the control method, the foam generating solution is not supplied to the water vapor generating means 5 and the foam generating means 6 until the ceiling wall 7 reaches a preset liquid supply temperature (for example, 100 ° C.). However, even if the ceiling wall 7 does not reach 100 ° C., a fire has occurred. For this reason, the fire extinguishing system 3 is provided with a manual activation switch 35 as shown in FIG. That is, when an operator or the like detects a fire before the ceiling wall 7 reaches 100 ° C., the manual start switch 35 is operated to drive the pump 16 to the water vapor generating means 5 and the foam generating means 6. A foam generating solution can be supplied.

  For example, the control means 33 of the fire extinguishing system 3 can be provided with a control box or the like in a driver's cab where the driver's seat is located, and an operator or the like can input a set temperature or the like using buttons and switches of the control box. The alarm means 34 can be set at any part of the garbage truck. The alarm light of the alarm means 34 can be set at a position where an operator or the like can easily detect, for example, in the driver's room and / or outside. It can arrange | position in the position which is easy to detect, for example, the side surface etc. of the dust storage box 1. The manual activation switch 34 is also preferably disposed at a position where an operator or the like can easily operate, for example, in the cab. In FIG. 1, for simplification of the fire extinguishing system 3, the control means 33, the alarm means 34, the manual activation switch 34, the wiring connecting them, and the like are arranged outside this garbage collection vehicle. However, it is actually mounted on a garbage truck.

  In the refuse collection vehicle of the present invention, fire extinguishing water vapor is supplied to the refuse storage box 1 from the ceiling wall 7 side. The water vapor has an inert gas property, and it is possible to suppress or extinguish a fire in the dust storage box due to its suffocation effect and dilution effect. That is, burning out of the refuse storage box 1 can be prevented by extinguishing the fire. Moreover, compared with the case where liquid fire extinguisher (for example, water) is directly injected, the volume of water vapor is larger than that of water (1700 times in the case of 1 atm 100 ° C.). For this reason, the usage-amount of the liquid (for example, water) used as water vapor | steam can be reduced significantly, and cost reduction can be achieved. In addition, the capacity of the tank for storing this liquid (for example, water) can be reduced, the weight of the apparatus can be reduced, and the effective load capacity of the garbage collection vehicle can be maintained. Furthermore, since the fire extinguishes with water vapor, it is not necessary to use a gas-based fire extinguisher, and the operator (user) puts the liquid that becomes water vapor on the garbage truck in a short time. Easy to supply.

  When the temperature of the ceiling wall 7 exceeds the set temperature by the control means 33, the liquid in the water vapor generation chamber 8 can be supplied and the liquid can be replenished to the water vapor generation chamber 8, and the water vapor can be sequentially introduced during the fire. Can be supplied to the refuse storage box 1. For this reason, during a fire outbreak, the fire extinguishing function by water vapor can be exhibited stably. If the fire is extinguished, the supply of liquid into the water vapor generating chamber can be stopped. Moreover, compared to the case where liquid fire extinguishing agent (for example, water) is directly injected, the amount of liquid (for example, water) used as water vapor can be significantly reduced, and this liquid (for example, water) is stored. The capacity of the tank can be reduced. As a result, the weight of the apparatus can be reduced, and the effective load capacity of the garbage truck can be kept intact. In addition, since it extinguishes with water vapor, there is no need to use a gas-based fire extinguisher, and the liquid mounted on the garbage truck can be easily supplied to the tank by the operator (user) in a short time. can do.

Since the water vapor generation means 5 includes a water vapor generation chamber 8 provided on the ceiling wall 7 of the dust storage box 1 and a water vapor injection path 9 that allows the water vapor generation chamber 8 and the dust storage box 1 to communicate with each other. When the ceiling wall 7 of the dust container 1 is heated by this, the liquid supplied to the water vapor generating chamber 8 evaporates to generate water vapor. At this time, since the water vapor generation chamber 8 and the dust storage box 1 are communicated with each other through the water vapor injection path 9, the water vapor generated in the water vapor generation chamber 8 passes through the water vapor injection path 9 in the dust storage box 1. To be supplied. For this reason, in order to generate | occur | produce water vapor | steam, while a heating means is not required separately, while making the whole apparatus compact, it can achieve cost reduction. Further, since the supply of water vapor to the water vapor generation chamber 8 is performed by the water vapor injection path 9, the water vapor injection path 9 may be open to the water vapor generation chamber 8 and the dust storage box 1, and the water vapor injection path 9 is not required to protrude into the dust storage box 1, and the water vapor injection path 9 does not hinder the loading and discharging operation of the dust.

  Since the bubble generating means 6 for generating bubbles for blocking the dust container 1 and the outside air is provided, the dust container 1 and the outside air are blocked by the bubbles generated by the bubble generator 6. Can do. When a fire occurs in the dust storage box 1 in a state where the dust storage box 1 and the outside air are shut off in this way, oxygen in the dust storage box 1 is consumed by the fire, and the oxygen concentration decreases. Thus, if the oxygen concentration decreases, combustion is naturally suppressed, and the fire can be extinguished stably and in a short time. Moreover, what is necessary is just to generate | occur | produce a bubble at the time of a fire outbreak, without arrange | positioning a sealing device (sealing materials, such as packing), in order to ensure the sealing performance of the dust storage box 1. For this reason, it is not necessary to assemble this garbage collection vehicle as what is excellent in sealing performance, and it can improve assemblability.

  The liquid that generates water vapor and the liquid that generates bubbles can be shared. For this reason, it is not necessary to mount two types of liquids, a liquid for generating water vapor and a liquid for generating bubbles, on the garbage collection vehicle, and the weight of the garbage collection vehicle can be reduced.

  In this embodiment, the alarm means 34 can inform the operator of the garbage truck that a fire has occurred, so that the operator can quickly know that a fire has occurred. You can evacuate to a safe place.

  Next, FIG. 4 shows another foam generating means 6, and the foam generating means 6 in this case is a compressed air foam extinguishing device (CAFS system), and includes a foam generator 40, a compressor 41, and the like. That is, by driving the pump 16, the foam generating solution is supplied to the foam generator 40 and air is pumped from the compressor 41 to the foam generator 40. As a result, compressed air bubbles can be created, and the bubbles can be supplied into the dust container box 1 as indicated by an arrow H from the discharge pipe 42 that has entered the dust container box 1. For this reason, even if it uses the bubble generation means 6 shown in FIG. 4, there exists an effect similar to the bubble generation means 6 shown in the said FIG. That is, the bubble generating means 6 by the CAFS system can exhibit the same sealing performance as the bubble generating means 6 shown in FIG.

  By the way, when the foam generating means 6 as shown in FIG. 4 is used, it is possible to supply only the surfactant without supplying the foam generating solution into the tank 20 and supply the surfactant to the foam generator 40 separately. . That is, a foam generating solution in which water and a foam generating agent (surfactant) are mixed is generated in the foam generator 40, and compressed air is injected into the solution to generate bubbles. That is, the foam generating means 6 can be provided with a foam generating device that mixes a foam generating agent and air with water by the foam generator 40. If it does in this way, since it will become unnecessary to use the solution for bubble generation as a liquid supplied to water vapor generation room 8, 100% of water, such as tap water, will be used for the liquid supplied to this water vapor generation room 8. It is possible to simplify the cleaning of the water vapor generation chamber 8 and the like.

  In the water vapor generating means 5, the heating for converting the foam generating solution into water vapor uses heating of the ceiling wall 7 based on a fire, but although not shown in the drawings, as another embodiment, Various heating means such as a heater may be used separately without using the heat of the ceiling wall 7. If such a heating means is used, there exists an advantage which can be extinguished with water vapor | steam at the fire initial stage in which the ceiling wall 7 is not so hot.

  As described above, the embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, the steam generation chamber 8 is arranged before and after the ceiling wall 7 in the embodiment. Although three places were provided along the direction, the number can be increased or decreased. Further, the number of the water vapor injection paths 9 for each water vapor generation chamber 8 is not limited to one, and a change in the hole diameter or the like of each water vapor injection path 9 can be arbitrarily made. That is, the supply part and number of water vapor to the dust container 1 can be arbitrarily set. Further, the water vapor generated in the water vapor generating chamber 8 is supplied through the other side walls 4, 4, the front wall 15, etc. constituting the wall portion of the dust container 1 without passing through the ceiling wall 7. Also good. For this reason, the arrangement site of the steam generation chamber 8 is not limited to the ceiling wall 7 but may be the side walls 4 and 4 and the front wall 15. That is, since the water vapor only needs to be supplied into the dust container box 1, the water vapor is present at various positions such as the upper part inside the dust container box near the ceiling wall 7, the side part inside the dust container box near the side walls 4 and 4, and the like. Can be supplied. Further, the water vapor generation chamber 8 may be provided inside the wall, that is, inside the dust container box 1 without being provided outside the dust container box 1. Also, the liquid storage capacity of the water vapor generation chamber 8 may be any as long as it can supply water vapor into the refuse storage box 1 when a fire occurs and can suppress or extinguish the fire. For this reason, it can set arbitrarily also as protrusion amount T of the short piping 11 shown in FIG.

  The pump drive control of the control means 33 of the embodiment is based on the temperature of the ceiling wall 7 and the set temperature is 100 ° C. However, even if the set temperature is not 100 ° C., the liquid (foam generating solution) in the water vapor generation chamber 8 is vaporized to generate water vapor, thereby increasing the saturated water vapor concentration in the water vapor generation chamber 8. Any temperature can be used. Further, the reference part for determining the fire extinguishing reference temperature is not limited to the ceiling wall 7, but the side walls 4, 4, the front wall 15, the liquid in the water vapor generation chamber 8, the inside of the water vapor generation chamber 8 (outside the liquid), The inside of the box 10 which comprises the water vapor generation chamber 8, the dust storage box 1, etc. may be sufficient. In this case, the reference part is not limited to one part, and may be a plurality of parts. When based on the temperature of the liquid in the water vapor generation chamber 8 or the internal temperature of the water vapor generation chamber 8, a temperature sensor may be disposed in the water vapor generation chamber 8. Further, if it is based on the temperature of the box 10, a temperature sensor may be attached to the box 10. Thus, even if it is based on other than the temperature other than the ceiling wall 7, the set temperature as a reference for control is not limited to 100 ° C.

  In the control means 33, the supply start and supply stop of the liquid into the water vapor generation chamber 8 are based on one set temperature. However, the reference temperature for starting and stopping the supply of liquid into the steam generation chamber 8 may be different. That is, when the reference temperature for starting the supply of liquid into the water vapor generation chamber 8 is 100 ° C., the supply stop reference temperature is set to, for example, 70 ° C. lower than 100 ° C. The supply may be continued until the temperature becomes lower than ° C. Moreover, if the said control means 33 controls based on the temperature inside the dust storage box 1, maintenance of the water vapor concentration of the dust storage box 1 will become more stable.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, as the supply site of the foam generated by the foam generating means 6 to the dust container box 1, both end portions in the width direction of the dust container box on the rear opening side of the dust container box 1. It is preferable to use this part in consideration of the sealing property of the dust container 1. That is, at the rear part of the dust container 1, cables for operating a pressing plate or the like for pushing the dust into the back side of the dust container are disposed, and these cables can be protected by foam. However, it is not restricted to this part, The supply part of the bubble to the refuse storage box 1 can be set arbitrarily.

  In the embodiment, the water vapor generation chamber 8 has a bottom plate constituted by a part of the ceiling wall 7. That is, the box 10 constituting the water vapor generating chamber 8 has no bottom plate, but the box 10 may have a bottom plate.

  In the embodiment, as a method for improving the airtightness of the dust container 1, the bubble generating means 6 is provided and the bubbles generated by the bubble generating means 6 are used. However, such bubbles are not used. It may be a thing. As a method that does not use foam, a method using a tube-shaped sealing material made of a soft heat-resistant material, a method using a double resin soft tube, a method using a watertight thermal expansion sealing material embedded with heating wires, etc. There is.

  In the method of using a tube-shaped sealing material made of a soft heat-resistant material, this tube-shaped sealing material is attached in the vicinity of the gap of the moving part of the packing box (dust storage box 1). In this case, it is usually folded so that it does not come into contact with moving parts such as doors, and when a fire breaks out, water or air is sent to the sealing material through a pipe connected to the sealing material to expand the sealing material. In this way, the gap is sealed.

  In the method of using a double resin soft tube, the outer tube is made waterproof and a hole is provided in the inner tube wall, and water is absorbed between the outer tube and the inner tube. Filled with a functional polymer. And the double resin-made soft tube comprised in this way is attached to the vicinity of the said clearance gap. If a fire breaks out, water is poured into the inner tube through the pipe connected to the soft resin tube. By this water injection, water is supplied from the inner tube to the water-absorbing polymer through the holes. If water is supplied to the water absorbing polymer, the water absorbing polymer expands. In this way, the gap is sealed.

  In the method of using a watertight thermal expansion sealing material in which a heating wire is embedded, the watertight thermal expansion sealing material is attached (adhered) in the vicinity of the gap. In the event of a fire, heat is generated by passing electricity through the heating wire. As a result, the watertight thermal expansion sealing material expands and seals the gap.

  In the present invention, water vapor is supplied to the dust container 1 to extinguish the fire of the dust container 1, but water vapor and further bubbles are supplied to the dust container 2 to input the dust. The fire in the box 2 may be extinguished.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dust storage box 5 Water vapor generation means 6 Foam generation means 7 Ceiling wall 8 Water vapor generation chamber 9 Water vapor injection path 16 Liquid feed pump 20 Tank 32 Temperature sensor 33 Control means 40 Foam generator

Claims (11)

In a garbage truck equipped with a garbage storage box,
A garbage collection vehicle comprising water vapor generating means for supplying water vapor for fire extinguishing into the garbage storage box.   The water vapor generating means includes a water vapor generating chamber, and a water vapor injecting passage that communicates the water vapor generating chamber and the inside of the dust storage box, and water vapor is generated from the liquid supplied to the water vapor generating chamber due to heat generated by a fire. The garbage truck according to claim 1, wherein is supplied into the garbage storage box through the water vapor injection path.   A tank containing a liquid for generating water vapor, a pump for supplying the liquid in the tank to the water vapor generating chamber, a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature at a reference part for determining a fire extinguishing reference temperature, and the temperature of the reference part When the set temperature, which is the fire extinguishing reference temperature, is exceeded, the pump is driven to supply liquid in the tank to the water vapor generating chamber, and when the temperature of the reference portion becomes lower than the set temperature, the pump is stopped. 3. A garbage collection vehicle according to claim 2, further comprising control means for stopping supply of liquid to the water vapor generation chamber.   The reference portion is at least one portion or a plurality of portions of a wall portion of a dust collection box provided with a water vapor generation chamber, a casing wall constituting the water vapor generation chamber, and a water vapor generation chamber inside. The refuse collection vehicle according to claim 3 characterized by things.   A water vapor generation chamber is attached to the ceiling wall of the dust collection box, the water vapor of the water vapor generation chamber is supplied into the dust collection box through the ceiling wall, and the reference portion is the ceiling wall The refuse collection vehicle of Claim 3 or Claim 4.   The refuse collection vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising foam generation means for generating foam for blocking the dust storage box from outside air.   7. The liquid supplied to the water vapor generating chamber of the water vapor generating means is constituted by a foam generating solution that is supplied to the foam generating means and generates bubbles by the foam generating means. Garbage truck.   The refuse collection vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the foam generating means includes a foam generator for mixing the foam generating solution and air.   The refuse collection vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the foam generation means includes a foam generation device that mixes a foam generating agent and air with water using a foam generator.   A fire extinguishing method for a garbage truck, characterized in that water vapor is supplied into the dust container to extinguish a fire generated in the dust in the dust container.   11. The method for extinguishing a garbage truck according to claim 10, wherein the water vapor is generated by heat generated by a fire.

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