JP4761216B2 - Two-stage coagulation mixing tank - Google Patents
Two-stage coagulation mixing tank Download PDFInfo
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- JP4761216B2 JP4761216B2 JP2007004368A JP2007004368A JP4761216B2 JP 4761216 B2 JP4761216 B2 JP 4761216B2 JP 2007004368 A JP2007004368 A JP 2007004368A JP 2007004368 A JP2007004368 A JP 2007004368A JP 4761216 B2 JP4761216 B2 JP 4761216B2
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims description 107
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 title description 24
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 title description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 174
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
Description
この発明は、形状の異なる二組の撹拌翼を凝集混和槽に上下二段に配設し、凝集剤を添加したスラリーを急速撹拌と緩速撹拌を行って、フロックを造粒させる二段式凝集混和槽の改良に関する。 This invention is a two-stage type in which two sets of stirring blades having different shapes are arranged in two stages in the agglomeration mixing tank, and the floc is granulated by rapidly stirring and slowly stirring the slurry to which the flocculant has been added. The present invention relates to an improvement of the coagulation mixing tank.
従来、スクリュープレスやベルトプレスを使用してスラリーを濃縮脱水、或いは加圧脱水する場合、前処理操作として高分子凝集剤や無機凝集剤をスラリーに供給して凝集混和槽で撹拌混合し、フロックを造粒させることが良く知られている。そして、円筒状の処理槽に垂下した回転軸に、平板形放射状翼と円板基部に固定した平板形後退翼を上下二段に配設し、槽底から凝集スラリーを供給して造粒させる凝集反応装置は、例えば、特許文献1に記載してあるように公知である。また、円筒状の固液分離槽に撹拌軸を垂設し、撹拌軸に止着したディスクの先端にタービン翼を固定し、固液分離槽に垂下した撹拌軸に十字型或いは格子状のパドル撹拌翼を止着して、懸濁物を造粒分離させる固液分離装置も、例えば、特許文献2に記載してあるように公知である。
従来、圧搾脱水を目的とするスクリュープレスやベルトプレスは、スラリーを脱水に適したフロックに造粒させる必要がある。フロックを造粒させる従来型の二段式凝集混和槽は、長い滞留時間が必要で槽容量も大きくなり、設備費も高くなる。また、撹拌効果を上げるためには槽内径に合わせた撹拌羽根が必要であり、二段式凝集混和槽が大きくなればなるほど撹拌羽根は大きくなる。撹拌動力は羽根の大きさと回転数で大きく変化し、特に羽根の大きさは撹拌動力に大きく影響する。流入するスラリーは、流速と粘度が常時変化するため、最適凝集状態を得るために回転数も変化させる必要がある。従来の特許文献1に記載の凝集反応装置は、円板に垂設した平板形後退翼と平板形放射状翼で良好な凝集フロックが造粒でき、旋回循環流が短絡することがなく、凝集混和槽の大型化も可能となるが、同じ回転軸に止着してある一対の撹拌翼は、常時変化するスラリーの流速と粘性に応じて、最適凝集状態の回転数の選定が難しく、急速撹拌も困難となる。繊維質を多く含む下水スラリー等では、円板基部から周方向に突設する先端が湾曲した平板形後退翼に絡まる恐れがある。 Conventionally, screw presses and belt presses for the purpose of press dewatering need to granulate the slurry into flocs suitable for dewatering. The conventional two-stage agglomeration and mixing tank for granulating floc requires a long residence time, increases the tank capacity, and increases the equipment cost. Moreover, in order to raise the stirring effect, the stirring blade matched with the tank internal diameter is required, and a stirring blade becomes large, so that a two-stage type coagulation mixing tank becomes large. The stirring power varies greatly depending on the size of the blades and the number of rotations. In particular, the size of the blades greatly affects the stirring power. Since the flowing slurry constantly changes in flow rate and viscosity, it is necessary to change the number of rotations in order to obtain an optimal aggregation state. The conventional agglomeration reaction apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is capable of granulating a good agglomeration floc with flat receding blades and flat radial blades suspended from a disk, and does not cause a short circuit in the swirling circulation flow. Although it is possible to increase the size of the tank, it is difficult to select the optimal coagulation state speed for the pair of stirring blades fixed to the same rotating shaft, depending on the constantly changing slurry flow velocity and viscosity. It will also be difficult. In the case of sewage slurry containing a large amount of fiber, the tip protruding in the circumferential direction from the disk base may be entangled with a curved flat-plate receding blade.
また、特許文献2に記載の凝集反応装置は、パドル撹拌翼とタービン翼が夫々異なる回転数で撹拌でき、タービン翼で被処理液を分散させて、パドル撹拌翼で大容量処理が可能となるものであるが、円筒状の固液分離槽は必要以上に容積が大きくなる。円筒状の凝集混和槽が大型化すると、タービン翼の撹拌部分で旋回循環流が短絡し、フロックの造粒が不均一となる恐れがある。繊維質を多く含む下水スラリー等では、ディスクに止着したタービン翼に繊維質が絡まる恐れがある。本願発明は、凝集混和槽を急速撹拌部と緩速撹拌部に分割し、急速撹拌羽根と緩速撹拌羽根を組み合わせ、撹拌手段を工夫して良好なフロックを造粒し、同時に二段式凝集混和槽の凝集体積の小型化を図るものである。 In the agglomeration reaction apparatus described in Patent Document 2, the paddle stirring blade and the turbine blade can be stirred at different rotational speeds, and the liquid to be treated can be dispersed by the turbine blade, and a large volume treatment can be performed by the paddle stirring blade. However, the volume of the cylindrical solid-liquid separation tank becomes larger than necessary. When the cylindrical agglomeration mixing tank is enlarged, the swirl circulation flow is short-circuited at the stirring portion of the turbine blade, and floc granulation may be uneven. In a sewage slurry containing a large amount of fiber, the fiber may get tangled with the turbine blade fixed to the disk. The present invention divides the agglomeration mixing tank into a rapid stirring part and a slow stirring part, combines a rapid stirring blade and a slow stirring blade, devise a stirring means to granulate a good floc, and simultaneously a two-stage agglomeration It is intended to reduce the coagulation volume of the mixing tank.
この発明に係わる凝集反応装置は、凝集混和槽に撹拌羽根を上下二段に配設し、凝集剤を添加したスラリーを上向流で供給して撹拌混合する凝集装置において、凝集混和槽を下半部の急速撹拌部と上半部の緩速撹拌部に分割し、急速撹拌部の胴内径を緩速撹拌部の胴内径より小径として、急速撹拌部に立設した駆動軸に片面突状の急速撹拌翼を配設し、緩速撹拌部に垂下した駆動軸に平板状の緩速撹拌翼を配設すると共に、急速撹拌翼を回転板の表面に複数枚の羽根板を放射状に垂設して先端角部を円弧上に切欠いたタービン片翼で構成し、緩速撹拌翼を平板状のパドル翼で構成したもので、凝集混和槽の急速撹拌部の胴内径を緩速撹拌部の胴内径より小径とすれば、凝集混和槽の急速撹拌部の凝集体積も小型化が可能となり、撹拌翼の大きさの変更も容易となる。そして、急速撹拌部と緩速撹拌部が一体となっているため、繋ぎ配管の必要がなく凝集混和槽をコンパクトにできる。そして、急速撹拌翼を形成する羽根板の羽根高さを遠心力が発生する方向に狭くし、或いは、切欠いてあるので、多くの繊維を含むスラリーでも羽根に絡み付きがなく、撹拌翼を急速回転させることができる。繊維の絡み付きがないので駆動軸に偏荷重がかかることもなく、安定した運転が可能となる。 The agglomeration reaction apparatus according to the present invention is a flocculation apparatus in which stirring blades are arranged in two stages in the agglomeration mixing tank, and the slurry to which the aggregating agent is added is fed in an upward flow to be stirred and mixed. divided into slow agitation of rapid stirring portion and the upper half of the halves, rapid stirring unit cylinder inner diameter and a slow stirring section smaller than the trunk inside diameter of the one side to the upright rapidly stirring unit drive shaft Protruding rapid stirrer blades are installed, and a flat slow stirrer blade is placed on the drive shaft suspended from the slow stirrer. The quick stirrer blades are arranged radially on the surface of the rotating plate. It is composed of a turbine blade with a tip corner cut out on a circular arc, and a slow stirring blade is composed of a flat paddle blade. If the diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the stirrer, the agglomeration volume of the rapid agitation part of the agglomeration mixing tank can be reduced, and the size of the agitation blade can be reduced. Also of change it becomes easy. And since the rapid stirring part and the slow stirring part are united, there is no need for connecting piping, and the coagulation mixing tank can be made compact. And the blade height of the blade plate forming the rapid stirring blade is narrowed in the direction in which the centrifugal force is generated, or it is notched, so even if the slurry contains many fibers, the blade is not entangled and the stirring blade rotates rapidly. Can be made. Since there is no entanglement of the fibers, an uneven load is not applied to the drive shaft, and stable operation is possible.
小径の急速撹拌部と大径の緩速撹拌部に分割する凝集混和槽は、急速撹拌部と緩速撹拌部の容積比を1対3〜1対20としたもので、容積の小さい凝集混和槽に流入してきた小容量のスラリーを急速撹拌により撹拌混合し、急速撹拌部での槽内回転を容積の大きい緩速撹拌部で減速し、差速効果により乱流を起こして適度なフロックを造粒させることができる。スラリーの処理量に応じて急速撹拌部と緩速撹拌部の容積比を設定できる。 The agglomeration mixing tank divided into a small-diameter rapid stirring part and a large-diameter slow stirring part has a volume ratio of the rapid stirring part to the slow stirring part of 1: 3 to 1:20. A small volume of slurry that has flowed into the tank is stirred and mixed by rapid stirring, the internal rotation of the rapid stirring section is decelerated by the slow stirring section with a large volume, and a turbulent flow is caused by the differential speed effect to generate an appropriate floc. Can be granulated. The volume ratio between the rapid stirring unit and the slow stirring unit can be set according to the amount of slurry processed.
凝集混和槽の供給口と排出口は、急速撹拌部の周壁に設けた原液の供給口をタービン片翼の先端部近傍に開口すると共に、緩速撹拌部の上部周壁に排出口を開口したもので、凝集剤を添加したスラリーを最も撹拌力の強い撹拌翼の先端部の近傍に流入させるので、スラリーに遠心力を与えスムーズに流動させて混合効率を高める。 The supply port and discharge port of the agglomeration mixing tank have a supply port for the stock solution provided on the peripheral wall of the rapid stirring unit opened in the vicinity of the tip of the turbine blade and a discharge port opened on the upper peripheral wall of the slow stirring unit in, since the flow in the vicinity of the distal end portion of the strong stirring blade most stirring force the slurry was added a coagulant, Ru enhances mixing efficiency by flowing smoothly giving centrifugal force to the slurry.
凝集混和槽に配設する撹拌翼の周速度は、急速撹拌部のタービン片翼の外周速を100〜300m/minとして、緩速撹拌部のパドル翼の外周速を10〜100m/minとしたもので、タービン片翼とパドル翼が別駆動のため、スラリーの常時変化する流速と粘性に応じて、適切な回転数を設定して最適凝集状態を得ることができる。 The peripheral speed of the stirring blade disposed in the mixing flocculation tank, the outer periphery speed of turbines piece wings rapid stirring unit as 100 to 300 m / min, the outer peripheral speed of the paddle blades of slow stirring unit and 10 to 100 m / min in which the, for turbines piece blade and paddle blade is driven separately, depending on the flow rate and viscosity which changes constantly slurry, it is possible to obtain an optimal aggregation state and set the appropriate speed.
凝集混和槽にスラリーと凝集剤を供給し、撹拌混合して造粒させるスラリーの滞留時間を0.5〜4分としたもので、小容量の急速撹拌部での急速撹拌と大容量の緩速撹拌部での緩速撹拌を組合せることにより、スラリーの滞留時間を短くして凝集効果を高めることができる。タービン片翼とパドル翼のそれぞれの外形寸法は、急速撹拌部と緩速撹拌部の槽内径の60〜90%とすれば、凝集剤を添加した小容量の急速撹拌部のスラリーに最も強い撹拌力を与える配置となり、スラリーが滞留し易い大容量の緩速撹拌部の内周壁近傍での移動も行われ、槽内全体の均一な撹拌混合が行われ、凝集混和槽での滞留時間を大幅に短縮できる。 The slurry and flocculant are supplied to the agglomeration and mixing tank, and the residence time of the slurry to be agitated, mixed and granulated is 0.5 to 4 minutes. By combining slow stirring in the fast stirring section, the residence time of the slurry can be shortened and the agglomeration effect can be enhanced . Each external dimensions of turbines piece blade and paddle blades, if 60% to 90% of the tank inner diameter of rapid stirring portion and slow stirring unit, the strongest to a slurry of rapid stirring of small capacity with the addition of flocculant It is arranged to give stirring power, and the large-capacity slow stirring section where slurry is likely to stay is moved near the inner peripheral wall, and uniform stirring and mixing is performed throughout the tank. Can be greatly shortened.
本願発明に係わる二段式凝集混和槽は上記のように構成してあり、小容量の急速撹拌部の撹拌翼と大容量の緩速撹拌部の撹拌翼の適切な回転数を設定すれば、スラリーの滞留時間を短くして差速効果による混合効率を高め、最適なフロックを造粒させることができる。急速撹拌部と緩速撹拌部が一体となっているため、コンパクトな凝集混和槽となり、繊維を含むスラリーでも急速撹拌翼に繊維の絡み付きがなく、急速回転でも駆動軸に偏荷重がかからずに安定した運転が行なわれる。凝集混和槽の大型化と大容量処理も可能となる。 The two-stage agglomeration mixing tank according to the present invention is configured as described above, and if the appropriate number of rotations of the stirring blade of the small volume rapid stirring unit and the stirring blade of the large capacity slow stirring unit is set, The residence time of the slurry can be shortened to increase the mixing efficiency due to the differential speed effect, and the optimum floc can be granulated. Since the rapid stirring unit and slow stirring unit are integrated, it becomes a compact agglomeration and mixing tank, and even in the slurry containing fibers, there is no entanglement of fibers in the rapid stirring blade, and there is no uneven load on the drive shaft even during rapid rotation. stable operation in is performed. Larger agglomeration and mixing tanks and large capacity treatment are also possible.
本願発明に係わる二段式凝集混和槽を図面に基づき詳述すると、先ず、図1はこの発明に係る二段式凝集混和槽のフローチャートであって、凝集混和槽1は片面突状の急速撹拌翼2を配設した下半部の急速撹拌部3と、平板状の緩速撹拌翼4を配設した上半部の緩速撹拌部5に分割し、急速撹拌部3の胴内径を緩速撹拌部5の胴内径より小径としてある。急速撹拌部3の胴内径を緩速撹拌部5の胴内径より小径とすれば、急速撹拌部3の凝集体積の小型化が可能となり、急速撹拌翼2の大きさの変更も容易となる。急速撹拌部3と緩速撹拌部5が一体となっているため、繋ぎ配管の必要がなくコンパクトな凝集混和槽1となる。急速撹拌部3に連結した原液供給管7に薬液供給管6が接続してあり、スラリーと凝集剤を急速撹拌部3に供給し、凝集混和槽1で撹拌混合した凝集スラリーを緩速撹拌部5に連結した排出管8からスクリュープレス9に供給する。 The two-stage agglomeration mixing tank according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the two-stage agglomeration mixing tank according to the present invention. The lower half of the rapid stirring section 3 provided with the blades 2 and the upper half of the slow stirring section 5 provided with the flat plate-like slow stirring blades 4 are divided so that the inner diameter of the quick stirring section 3 is reduced. The diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the fast stirring portion 5. If the cylinder inner diameter of the rapid stirring unit 3 is smaller than the cylinder inner diameter of the slow stirring unit 5, the aggregate volume of the rapid stirring unit 3 can be reduced, and the size of the rapid stirring blade 2 can be easily changed. Since the rapid stirring unit 3 and the slow stirring unit 5 are integrated, there is no need for a connecting pipe, and the compact coagulation mixing tank 1 is obtained. The chemical solution supply pipe 6 is connected to the stock solution supply pipe 7 connected to the rapid stirring section 3, and the slurry and the flocculant are supplied to the rapid stirring section 3, and the agglomerated slurry stirred and mixed in the flocculation mixing tank 1 is the slow stirring section. Supplied to a screw press 9 from a discharge pipe 8 connected to 5.
図2は凝集混和槽の縦断面図であって、凝集混和槽1の下端のテールプレート10に連結した駆動機架台11に急速撹拌モーター12が吊設してあり、凝集混和槽1の急速撹拌部3に垂設した駆動軸13に急速撹拌翼2を止着してある。凝集混和槽1の上端のカバープレート14に連結した駆動機架台15に緩速撹拌モーター16が載置してあり、凝集混和槽1の緩速撹拌部5に垂下した駆動軸17に緩速撹拌翼4としてパドル翼4aを止着してある。原液供給管7を連結した急速撹拌部3の周壁の供給口7aが急速撹拌翼2の突状先端部近傍に開口してあり、排出管8を連結した排出口8aが緩速撹拌部5の上部周壁に開口してある。急速撹拌翼2の突状先端部に流入させるスラリーに、遠心力を与えながらスラリーの流速を高め、急速撹拌部3でのスラリーの槽内回転を緩速撹拌部5のパドル翼4aで減速し、スラリーと凝集剤を均等に撹拌混合して、短い滞留時間で凝集させることができる。なお、原液供給管7と排出管8は、凝集混和槽1に接線状に連結しても、或いは、交差状に連結しても良いものである。 FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the flocculation mixing tank. A rapid stirring motor 12 is suspended from a drive base 11 connected to a tail plate 10 at the lower end of the flocculation mixing tank 1, so The rapid stirring blade 2 is fixed to a drive shaft 13 suspended from the stirring unit 3. A slow agitation motor 16 is mounted on a driving machine base 15 connected to a cover plate 14 at the upper end of the agglomeration mixing tank 1, and a slow speed is applied to a drive shaft 17 suspended from the slow agitation unit 5 of the agglomeration mixing tank 1. A paddle blade 4 a is fixed as the stirring blade 4. A supply port 7 a on the peripheral wall of the rapid stirring unit 3 connected to the stock solution supply pipe 7 is opened in the vicinity of the protruding tip of the rapid stirring blade 2, and a discharge port 8 a connected to the discharge pipe 8 is connected to the slow stirring unit 5. Opened in the upper peripheral wall. While applying centrifugal force to the slurry flowing into the projecting tip of the rapid stirring blade 2, the flow rate of the slurry is increased, and the rotation of the slurry in the tank in the rapid stirring portion 3 is decelerated by the paddle blade 4 a of the slow stirring portion 5. In addition, the slurry and the flocculant can be uniformly stirred and mixed to be agglomerated in a short residence time. The stock solution supply pipe 7 and the discharge pipe 8 may be connected to the agglomeration mixing tank 1 in a tangential manner or in a cross shape.
図3は急速撹拌翼の外形図であって、急速撹拌モーター12に連動連結する片面突状の急速撹拌翼2は、円板状の回転板22の表面に複数の羽根板23・・・を放射状に垂設して先端角部23aを円弧状に切欠いたタービン片翼24を構成してある。回転板22の中心部に駆動軸13に連結する連結管19を嵌着してある。タービン片翼24を形成する羽根板23の羽根高さを遠心力が発生する外周方向に円弧状に切欠いたので、多くの繊維を含むスラリーでもタービン片翼24に繊維の絡み付きがなく、急速回転させることができる。繊維の絡み付きがないので、タービン片翼24を急速回転させても駆動軸に偏荷重がかかることがなく、安定した運転が可能となる。 FIG. 3 is an external view of the rapid stirring blade. The single-sided rapid stirring blade 2 interlocked with the rapid stirring motor 12 has a plurality of blade plates 23 on the surface of a disk-shaped rotating plate 22. A turbine wing 24 is formed by suspending radially and having a tip corner 23a cut out in an arc shape. A connecting pipe 19 connected to the drive shaft 13 is fitted in the center of the rotating plate 22 . Since centrifugal force blade height of vane 2 3 forming the turbines piece blade 24 is notched in a circular arc shape on the outer circumferential direction generated, it is with entanglement of the fibers in the turbines piece wing 24 in a slurry containing much fiber It can be rapidly rotated. Since there is no with entangled fibers, without even by rapidly rotating the turbines piece wings 24 offset load exerted on the drive shaft, thereby enabling stable operation.
図2に示す凝集混和槽1は、分割する急速撹拌部3と緩速撹拌部5の容積比を概略1対3〜20としてあり、スラリーの処理量又はスラリーの性状に応じて容積比を設定する。小容量の急速撹拌部3凝集混和槽1に流入してきたスラリーを急速撹拌翼2で急速撹拌し、大容量の緩速撹拌部5で減速し、適度なフロックに造粒させる。小容量の急速撹拌部3での急速撹拌と大容量の緩速撹拌部5での緩速撹拌を組合せることにより、スラリーの滞留時間を短くして凝集効果を高め、凝集混和槽1での滞留時間を短くできるので、凝集混和槽1のスラリーの滞留時間を0.5〜4分としてある。 The agglomeration mixing tank 1 shown in FIG. 2 has a volume ratio of the rapid stirring section 3 and the slow stirring section 5 to be divided approximately 1 to 3 to 20, and the volume ratio is set according to the amount of slurry processed or the properties of the slurry. To do. The small volume rapid stirring section 3 The slurry flowing into the coagulation mixing tank 1 is rapidly stirred by the rapid stirring blade 2, decelerated by the large volume slow stirring section 5, and granulated to an appropriate floc. By combining the rapid stirring in the small volume rapid stirring unit 3 and the slow stirring in the large volume slow stirring unit 5, the retention time of the slurry is shortened to increase the agglomeration effect. Since the residence time can be shortened, the residence time of the slurry in the coagulation mixing tank 1 is set to 0.5 to 4 minutes.
図2に示す凝集混和槽1の急速撹拌部3と緩速撹拌部5に配設する撹拌翼の撹拌速度は、急速撹拌翼2のタービン片翼24の外周速を100〜300m/minとして、緩速撹拌部5のパドル翼4aの外周速を10〜100m/minとしてある。急速撹拌部3での槽内回転を緩速撹拌部5で減速し、差速効果により乱流を起こして適度なフロックを造粒することができる。タービン片翼24とパドル翼4aが別駆動のため、季節変動や汚泥性状の変動に対しても、常時変化するスラリーの流速と粘性に応じて、それぞれの適切な回転数を設定すれば、最適凝集状態を得ることができる。タービン片翼24、及びパドル翼4aのそれぞれの外形寸法は、急速撹拌部3と緩速撹拌部5の槽内径の60〜90%としたもので、凝集剤を添加した小容量の急速撹拌部3のスラリーに最も強い撹拌力を与える配置となり、スラリーが滞留し易い大容量の緩速撹拌部5の内周壁近傍での移動も行われ、槽内全体の均一な撹拌混合が行われ、凝集混和槽1での滞留時間を大幅に短縮できる。 Stirring speed of the stirring blade to be arranged rapidly stirring portion 3 and the slow stirring part 5 of the mixing flocculation tank 1 shown in FIG. 2, the outer peripheral speed of the turbines piece blade 24 rapidly stirring blade 2 as 100 to 300 m / min The outer peripheral speed of the paddle blade 4a of the slow stirring unit 5 is 10 to 100 m / min. The in-tank rotation in the rapid stirring unit 3 can be decelerated by the slow stirring unit 5, and turbulent flow can be caused by the differential speed effect to granulate appropriate flocs . For turbines piece wings 24 and paddle blade 4a is driven separately, with respect to variations in seasonal variations and sludge properties, depending on the flow rate and viscosity of the constantly changing slurry, by setting each of the appropriate number of revolutions, An optimal aggregation state can be obtained . Each external dimensions of turbines piece wings 24 and paddle blade 4a, is obtained by 60 to 90% of the vessel internal diameter of rapid stirring portion 3 and the slow stirring part 5, rapid stirring of small capacity with the addition of flocculant It becomes the arrangement that gives the strongest stirring force to the slurry of the part 3, the movement near the inner peripheral wall of the large-capacity slow stirring part 5 in which the slurry tends to stay is also performed, and uniform stirring and mixing throughout the tank is performed. The residence time in the flocculation mixing tank 1 can be greatly shortened.
従来の単段式凝集混和槽とライン挿入式高速撹拌機(以下ラインミキサーと呼称する)を対比して、それぞれの持つ長所と短所を比較・検討した。従来の単段式凝集混和槽では、スラリーと高分子凝集剤を撹拌混合するために滞留時間が4分以上必要であり、長い滞留時間を要するために凝集混和槽の容量が大きくなる。単段式凝集混和槽の撹拌羽根は低速撹拌のため、羽根が小さいとスラリーと高分子凝集剤との混合効率が悪く充分に混合できない。撹拌効果を上げるためには、凝集混和槽の内径に合わせた撹拌羽根が必要であり、撹拌羽根を大きくしている。通常適正な羽根外径は槽内径の約80〜85%程度を基準にしており、槽が大きくなればなるほど羽根外径は大きくなる。撹拌動力は羽根の大きさと回転数で大きく変わり、特に羽根の大きさの影響は大きい。撹拌動力は流体の粘度も影響し、最適凝集状態を得るためには、変化する液体の粘度に応じて、回転数も変動させる必要がある。動力計算は、使用範囲の最高粘度と最高回転数の状態で計算するため、安全率が大きくなり無駄な動力設定となっている。凝集混和槽の適正回転数は撹拌羽根の外周速を約110m/minを基準としており、凝集混和槽の容量が500リッターでは、羽根外径が600mmとなり、回転数は約60rpm程度が基準となる。 The conventional single-stage flocculation mixing tank was compared with a line insertion type high-speed stirrer (hereinafter referred to as a line mixer), and the advantages and disadvantages of each were compared and examined. In the conventional single-stage flocculation / mixing tank, a residence time of 4 minutes or more is required to stir and mix the slurry and the polymer flocculant, and a long residence time is required, so the capacity of the flocculation / mixing tank increases. The stirring blades of the single stage agglomeration mixing tank are low-speed stirring, and if the blades are small, the mixing efficiency of the slurry and the polymer flocculant is poor and cannot be sufficiently mixed. In order to increase the stirring effect, a stirring blade that matches the inner diameter of the coagulation mixing tank is required, and the stirring blade is enlarged. Normally, the appropriate outer diameter of the blade is based on about 80 to 85% of the inner diameter of the tank, and the larger the tank, the larger the outer diameter of the blade. The stirring power varies greatly depending on the blade size and the rotational speed, and the influence of the blade size is particularly large. The stirring power is also influenced by the viscosity of the fluid, and in order to obtain an optimal aggregation state, it is necessary to change the rotational speed in accordance with the viscosity of the changing liquid. Since the power calculation is performed in the state of the maximum viscosity and the maximum rotation speed in the use range, the safety factor is increased and the power setting is useless. The proper rotation speed of the agglomeration mixing tank is based on the outer peripheral speed of the stirring blade of about 110 m / min. When the capacity of the agglomeration mixing tank is 500 liters, the blade outer diameter is 600 mm, and the rotation speed is about 60 rpm. .
一方、従来の邪魔板状の羽根を配設したラインミキサーは、配管内に流入する流体の流速により撹拌効果を持たせている。配管内に流入する流速は常時変化し、スラリーと凝集剤の撹拌は、流速だけでは十分な撹拌力が得られない欠陥がある。ラインミキサーは滞留時間が脱水機用では単段式凝集混和槽の10%以下で良く、邪魔板状の羽根も小さい長所がある。仮に羽根を回転させるとすれば、ラインミキサーは槽容量が小さく、50リッターの場合、羽根外径は290mmとなり、回転数は120rpmでよい。これからすればラインミキサーの羽根の回転数は、凝集混和槽の約2倍である。撹拌羽根の大きさは凝集混和槽がラインミキサーの径で2倍、幅で6倍あり、必要動力はラインミキサーの3.5〜4倍になる。加圧脱水機ではスラリーの凝集状態は、強固なフロックが要求されるため、スラリーと高分子凝集剤を撹拌混合し、充分に造粒させたスラリーの供給が必要である。単段式の凝集混和槽では混合・造粒を同一槽内で行うため、長い滞留時間と槽サイズに合った大きな撹拌翼が必要になる。一方ラインミキサーは混合が目的であるため、小さい容量の方が混合し易い。このため、羽根径も小さくでき動力も小さくなる長所がある。 On the other hand, the conventional line mixer provided with baffle blades has a stirring effect due to the flow velocity of the fluid flowing into the pipe. The flow rate flowing into the pipe constantly changes, and the stirring of the slurry and the flocculant has a defect that sufficient stirring force cannot be obtained only by the flow rate. The line mixer may have a residence time of 10% or less of that of a single-stage coagulation mixing tank for a dehydrator, and has a merit that the baffle blades are small. If the blades are rotated, the line mixer has a small tank capacity. In the case of 50 liters, the blade outer diameter is 290 mm, and the rotational speed may be 120 rpm. Accordingly, the rotation speed of the blades of the line mixer is about twice that of the coagulation mixing tank. The size of the stirring blade is twice as large as the diameter of the line mixer and 6 times as large as the width of the line mixer, and the required power is 3.5 to 4 times that of the line mixer. In the pressure dehydrator, the flocculent state of the slurry requires a strong flock, and therefore, it is necessary to supply the slurry that is sufficiently granulated by stirring and mixing the slurry and the polymer flocculant. In a single-stage agglomeration and mixing tank, since mixing and granulation are performed in the same tank, a long stirring time and a large stirring blade suitable for the tank size are required. On the other hand, since the line mixer is intended for mixing, a smaller volume is easier to mix. For this reason, there is an advantage that the blade diameter can be reduced and the power can be reduced.
従来の単段式凝集混和槽とラインミキサーの特徴を考慮して、凝集混和槽に急速撹拌部と緩速撹拌部を組合せ、その二段式凝集混和槽のスラリーの混合投入位置、羽根の構造、撹拌力を検討した。先ず、高分子凝集剤を添加したスラリーの混合投入位置は、
a.スラリーの投入位置を撹拌羽根の先端部の回動軌跡に近いところにすれば、最も撹拌力の強い位置となり、混合効率を高めることができる。次に、撹拌混合する羽根の構造と撹拌力は、
b.繊維の絡み付き防止は重要な要素であり、繊維が多いスラリーでは絡み付きが早く、短期であっても安定した連続運転が出来ない。撹拌力は脱水機では混合率・フロック強度を良くするため羽根周速は110m/min程度を基準に決めている。例えば500リッターの単段式凝集混和槽を考えると羽根の外径を槽内径の80%とすると回転数は60rpm程度となり、これを50リッターの混合装置で同機能を持たせるためには120rpmが必要になる。
c.急速撹拌させる撹拌翼は小さくできるので、撹拌室の凝集体積も小型化が可能となる。凝集混和槽のスラリーを急速撹拌により撹拌混合すれば、撹拌翼の撹拌力を変更することで、広範囲のスラリー処理量に適用できる。
そこで、駆動機はインバーターで変速可能として、撹拌翼の周速を100〜300m/minに設定することにした。
Considering the characteristics of the conventional single-stage flocculation mixing tank and line mixer, combining the rapid stirring section and slow-speed stirring section in the flocculation mixing tank, mixing and feeding position of the slurry in the two-stage flocculation mixing tank, and the blade structure The stirring power was examined. First, the mixing input position of the slurry added with the polymer flocculant is
a. If the slurry charging position is close to the rotation trajectory of the tip of the stirring blade, the position where the stirring force is strongest is obtained, and the mixing efficiency can be increased. Next, the blade structure and stirring force for stirring and mixing are as follows:
b. The prevention of fiber entanglement is an important factor. In a slurry with many fibers, entanglement is quick and stable continuous operation is not possible even in a short time. The stirring force is determined based on a blade peripheral speed of about 110 m / min in order to improve the mixing rate and floc strength in the dehydrator. For example, considering a 500 liter single-stage agglomeration mixing tank, if the outer diameter of the blade is 80% of the inner diameter of the tank, the rotational speed is about 60 rpm, and in order to have this function in a 50 liter mixing device, 120 rpm is required. I need it.
c. Since the stirring blade for rapid stirring can be made small, the agglomeration volume of the stirring chamber can also be reduced. If the slurry in the coagulation mixing tank is stirred and mixed by rapid stirring, it can be applied to a wide range of slurry throughput by changing the stirring force of the stirring blade.
Therefore, it was decided that the peripheral speed of the agitating blade was set to 100 to 300 m / min so that the drive could be changed by an inverter.
上記単段式凝集混和槽のスラリーの混合投入位置、羽根の構造、撹拌力の検討事項の結果から、ラインミキサーを応用する急速撹拌部と、単段式の凝集混和槽を応用する緩速撹拌部を組合すこととした。急速撹拌部で高分子凝集剤とスラリーを急速撹拌した後、緩速撹拌部でゆっくりと流動させれば、差速効果により強固なフロックが生成されたスラリーを加圧脱水機に供給して、高圧搾脱水の実現が予測できる。実測データーを取るため、図1に示すフローチヤートの凝集混和槽として、容量が8リッターの急速撹拌部と92リッターの緩速撹拌部に分割した二段式凝集混和槽と、従来の容量が100リッターの単段式凝集混和槽を使用した。先ず、下水混合生汚泥を対象原液として、原液濃度2.0%のスラリーと、注入率1.1%の高分子凝集剤をそれぞれ単段式凝集混和槽と二段式凝集混和槽に供給し、0.8〜1.6minの滞留時間で撹拌混合して造粒させた。原液濃度と高分子凝集剤注入率の同じ運転条件の凝集スラリーをスクリュープレスに圧送し、脱水ケーキの水分を略76%〜81%に変動させた時のろ過速度の差を調査した。二段式凝集混和槽及び単段式凝集混和槽による下水混合生汚泥の凝集スラリーに対するスクリュープレスの能力比較を表1に示す。 Based on the results of the considerations of the mixing and feeding position of the slurry, the blade structure, and the stirring force in the single-stage coagulation mixing tank, the rapid stirring section applying the line mixer and the slow stirring applying the single-stage coagulation mixing tank We decided to join the department. After rapidly stirring the polymer flocculant and slurry in the rapid stirring part, if slowly flowing in the slow stirring part, supply the slurry in which a strong floc is generated by the differential speed effect to the pressure dehydrator, Realization of high pressure dehydration can be predicted. In order to obtain actual measurement data, the two-stage agglomeration mixing tank divided into an 8 liter rapid stirring section and a 92 liter slow stirring section as the flow chart flocculation mixing tank shown in FIG. A liter single stage agglomeration mixing tank was used. First, sewage mixed raw sludge is used as a target stock solution, and a slurry with a stock solution concentration of 2.0% and a polymer flocculant with an injection rate of 1.1% are respectively supplied to a single-stage agglomeration and mixing tank. The mixture was agitated and granulated with a residence time of 0.8 to 1.6 min. Agglomerated slurries under the same operating conditions as the stock solution concentration and the polymer flocculant injection rate were pumped to a screw press, and the difference in filtration rate was investigated when the water content of the dewatered cake was varied from approximately 76% to 81%. Table 1 shows a comparison of the screw press capacity for the sewage mixed raw sludge flocculated slurry in the two-stage flocculation mixing tank and the single-stage flocculation mixing tank.
表2は表1の単段式凝集混和槽と二段式凝集混和槽の実測データーに基づき、横軸にケーキ水分(%)、縦軸にろ過速度(kg/h)を表した下水混合生汚泥に対するスクリュープレスのケーキ水分−処理量の関係図である。 Table 2 is a sewage mixture with the horizontal axis representing cake moisture (%) and the vertical axis representing filtration rate (kg / h), based on the measured data of the single-stage agglomeration and mixing tanks in Table 1. It is a relationship figure of the cake water-treatment amount of the screw press with respect to sludge.
また、下水消化汚泥を対象原液として実証試験を行った。原液濃度1.7%のスラリーと、注入率1.7%の高分子凝集剤をそれぞれ単段式凝集混和槽と二段式凝集混和槽に供給し、1.7〜5.4minの滞留時間で撹拌混合して造粒させた。その凝集スラリーをスクリュープレスに供給し、脱水ケーキの水分を略82%〜86%に変動させた時のろ過速度の差を調査した。その結果のスクリュープレスの能力比較を表3に示す。 In addition, a verification test was conducted using sewage digested sludge as the target stock solution. A slurry having a stock solution concentration of 1.7% and a polymer flocculant having an injection rate of 1.7% are respectively supplied to a single-stage agglomeration and mixing tank and a residence time of 1.7 to 5.4 min. The mixture was stirred and granulated. The agglomerated slurry was supplied to a screw press, and the difference in filtration rate when the water content of the dewatered cake was varied from approximately 82% to 86% was investigated. The resulting screw press capacity comparison is shown in Table 3.
表4は表3の単段式凝集混和槽と二段式凝集混和槽の実測データーに基づき、横軸にケーキ水分(%)、縦軸にろ過速度(kg/h)を表した下水消化汚泥に対するスクリュープレスのケーキ水分−処理量の関係図である。 Table 4 shows sewage digestion sludge with the horizontal axis representing cake moisture (%) and the vertical axis representing filtration rate (kg / h) based on the measured data of the single-stage coagulation and mixing tanks in Table 3. It is a relationship figure of the cake water-treatment amount of the screw press with respect to.
表5は、スクリュープレスの同等のケーキ水分に対する混合生汚泥のろ過速度を表1及び表2の能力比較のグラフから抜出して、単段式凝集混和槽と二段式凝集混和槽の同じケーキ水分に対する処理量を分かり易く対比した表である。 Table 5 shows the same cake moisture in the single-stage flocculation mixing tank and the single-stage flocculation mixing tank, by extracting the filtration rate of the mixed raw sludge with the equivalent cake moisture of the screw press from the graph of the capacity comparison in Table 1 and Table 2. It is the table | surface which compared the processing amount with respect to intelligibly.
実験結果から、表1の実証データーによる混合生汚泥では、表5に示すように、ケーキ水分78%では、単段式凝集混和槽はろ過速度が83.0kg/h、二段式凝集混和槽はろ過速度が98.6kg/hとなっており、二段式凝集混和槽の凝集スラリーに対するスクリュープレスの処理量が15.6kg/h多い。そして、ケーキ水分79.5%では、単段式凝集混和槽はろ過速度が117.7kg/h、二段式凝集混和槽はろ過速度が148.5kg/hとなっており、二段式凝集混和槽の凝集スラリーのほうが処理量が30.8kg/h多くなっている。即ち、ケーキ水分が高くなるほど、単段式凝集混和槽と二段式凝集混和槽との凝集スラリーに対するスクリュープレスの処理量の開きが大きくなつていることが分かる。 From the experimental results, in the mixed raw sludge based on the verification data in Table 1, as shown in Table 5, when the cake moisture is 78%, the filtration rate is 83.0 kg / h in the single-stage coagulation mixing tank, and the two-stage coagulation mixing tank. Has a filtration rate of 98.6 kg / h, and the throughput of the screw press for the agglomerated slurry in the two-stage agglomeration mixing tank is 15.6 kg / h higher. When the cake moisture is 79.5%, the filtration rate of the single-stage flocculation mixing tank is 117.7 kg / h, and the filtration speed of the two-stage flocculation mixing tank is 148.5 kg / h. The amount of the coagulated slurry in the mixing tank is 30.8 kg / h higher. That is, it can be seen that the higher the cake moisture, the greater the difference in the amount of processing of the screw press with respect to the agglomerated slurry in the single-stage agglomeration and mixing tank.
表6は、スクリュープレスの同等のケーキ水分に対する消化汚泥のろ過速度を表3及び表4の能力比較のグラフから抜出して、単段式凝集混和槽と二段式凝集混和槽の同じケーキ水分に対する処理量を分かり易く対比した表である。 Table 6 extracts the digestion sludge filtration rate for the equivalent cake moisture of the screw press from the graph of the performance comparison of Table 3 and Table 4, and for the same cake moisture in the single stage coagulation and mixing tank. It is the table | surface which compared the processing amount easily.
表3の実証データーによる消化汚泥では、表6に示すように、ケーキ水分83%では、単段式凝集混和槽はろ過速度が16.0kg/h、二段式凝集混和槽はろ過速度が25.1kg/hとなっており、二段式凝集混和槽のほうが処理量が9.1kg/h多い。ケーキ水分84.5%では、単段式凝集混和槽はろ過速度が28.7kg/h、二段式凝集混和槽はろ過速度が37.2kg/hとなっており、二段式凝集混和槽のほうが処理量が8.5kg/h多い。即ち、消化汚泥ではケーキ水分に関係なく二段式凝集混和槽の凝集スラリーに対するスクリュープレスの処理量が多いことが実測データーから判断できる。 In the digested sludge based on the verification data in Table 3, as shown in Table 6, when the cake moisture is 83%, the filtration rate of the single-stage coagulation mixing tank is 16.0 kg / h, and the filtration speed of the two-stage coagulation mixing tank is 25. The throughput is 9.1 kg / h more in the two-stage agglomeration mixing tank. When the cake moisture is 84.5%, the filtration rate of the single-stage agglomeration tank is 28.7 kg / h, and the filtration speed of the two-stage agglomeration tank is 37.2 kg / h. The processing amount is 8.5 kg / h higher. That is, in digested sludge, it can be judged from the measured data that the amount of processing of the screw press with respect to the agglomerated slurry in the two-stage agglomeration mixing tank is large regardless of the cake moisture.
本発明に係わる二段式凝集混和槽は、急速撹拌部と緩速撹拌部が一体となっているため、コンパクトな凝集混和槽となる。撹拌翼に繊維の絡み付きがなく、急速撹拌でも安定した運転が行なわれ、凝集混和槽の大型化と大容量処理も可能となる。そして、小容量の急速撹拌部と大容量の緩速撹拌部の適切な撹拌翼の回転数を設定すれば、差速効果により混合効率も高まり、二段式凝集混和槽でのスラリーの滞留時間が短縮されて最適なフロックを造粒することができる。従って、高圧搾と大容量処理を必要とするスクリュープレスやベルトプレスの前段に設置する凝集混和槽に適するものとなる。 The two-stage flocculation / mixing tank according to the present invention is a compact flocculation / mixing tank because the rapid stirring section and the slow stirring section are integrated. There is no entanglement of fibers in the stirring blade, stable operation is performed even with rapid stirring, and the agglomeration mixing tank can be increased in size and processed in a large volume. And by setting the appropriate number of rotations of the stirring blades of the small volume rapid stirring section and the large capacity slow stirring section, the mixing efficiency is increased due to the differential speed effect, and the slurry residence time in the two-stage coagulation mixing tank Is shortened, and an optimal floc can be granulated. Therefore, it becomes suitable for the coagulation mixing tank installed in the front | former stage of the screw press and belt press which require a high pressure pressing and a large capacity process.
1 凝集混和槽
2 急速撹拌翼
3 急速撹拌部
4 緩速撹拌翼
4a パドル翼
5 緩速撹拌部
7a 供給口
8a 排出口
13、17 駆動軸
22 回転板
23 羽根板
23a 先端角部
24 タービン片翼
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Agglomeration mixing tank 2 Rapid stirring blade 3 Rapid stirring part 4 Slow stirring blade 4a Paddle blade 5 Slow stirring part 7a Supply port 8a Discharge port 13, 17 Drive shaft
22 Rotating plate
23 slats
23a Tip corner 24 Turbine single blade
Claims (6)
In the agglomeration apparatus in which the stirring blades are arranged in two stages in the agglomeration and mixing tank and the slurry added with the aggregating agent is supplied in an upward flow and stirred and mixed, the agglomeration and mixing tank (1) is a rapid stirring part in the lower half. (3) and divided slow agitation portion of the upper half (5), and a smaller diameter than the cylinder inside diameter of the slow agitation portion cylinder inner diameter of the stirred rapidly section (3) (5), rapid stirring portion (3 ) Is provided with a rapid stirring blade (2) having a single-sided projection on a drive shaft (13) erected on the drive shaft (17), and a flat slow stirring blade ( 4) and a rapid stirring blade (2) with a plurality of blade plates (23...) Radially radiating on the surface of the rotating plate (22) and the tip corner (23a) on an arc. A two-stage agglomeration mixing tank characterized by comprising a turbine single blade (24) notched in the shape and a slow stirring blade (4) comprising a flat paddle blade (4a) .
On Northern turbine piece blades (24) each of external dimensions of the paddle blades (4a) has a feature that it has 60 to 90% of the vessel internal diameter of rapid stirring portion (3) and slow stirring unit (5) The two-stage agglomeration mixing tank according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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JP6011947B2 (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2016-10-25 | 株式会社石垣 | Volume variation type coagulation mixing tank and control method using the same |
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