JP4761075B2 - Drum-type centrifugal loading device and tsunami wave experiment method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a drum-type centrifugal loading device and a tsunami wave experiment method.

In recent years, due to the occurrence of large-scale tsunamis caused by earthquakes with the seafloor as the epicenter, concerns about tsunami disasters have further increased, and further enhancement of disaster prevention technology related to tsunamis is desired.
The tsunami-related disaster prevention technologies that are currently under development include, for example, the creation of hazard maps based on tsunami propagation analysis methods, determination of inundation areas, or numerical analysis of tsunami wave forces as a soft approach. The method etc. are mentioned. On the other hand, as a tsunami reproduction experiment method, a tsunami wave experiment (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2) performed by installing a scale model in a wave tank, or a full-scale two-dimensional large wave water tank Long-period wave-making experiments (for example, Non-Patent Document 3) are being conducted. These conventional experimental methods basically follow the conventional hydraulic model experimental methods in coastal engineering.

  In addition, as a conventional tsunami wave experiment method performed by installing a scale model in a wave tank, by placing the wave tank in a centrifugal force field and generating waves in a fluid simulating seawater in the tank, A technique is used to reproduce the stress applied to the scale model in the same manner as in reality based on the so-called “experimental similarity law”. As a conventional wave making device used in this experimental method, a flap type wave making device (for example, Non-Patent Document 4) of a type in which a wave making plate is swingably installed by a hinge, and a wave making float are provided. A plunger-type wave making device (for example, Non-Patent Document 5) or the like in which the wave-making float is linearly driven in a direction perpendicular to the liquid surface can be used.

Masaru Mizutani, Fumihiko Imamura, Coastal Engineering Papers, 2000, 47, p. 946-950, "Experiment of stepped wave forces acting on structures" Ryosuke Asakura, Koji Iwase, Satoshi Ikeya, Toshimichi Kanto, Naoki Fujii, Masanori Omori, Coastal Engineering Papers, 2000, 47, p. 911-915, "Experimental study on wave force over the seawall" Taro Arikawa, Masamitsu Ikebe, Fuminori Yamada, Kenichiro Shimosako, Fumihiko Imamura, Coastal Engineering Papers, 2005, Vol. 52, p. 746-750, "Large-scale experiment of tsunami force on seawalls and land structures" Junji Miyamoto, Masashi Sasa, Hideo Sekiguchi, Coastal Engineering, 2000, Vol. 47, p. 921-925, "Liquefaction and flow deformation process of sand ground by waves" Shintaro Baba, Tatsuo Miyake, Kana Natsunaga, Kazuhiro Tsurugasaki, Seashore Engineering Papers, 2002, Vol. 49, p. 1536-1540, "New Experimental Method for Waves, Ground, and Structures"

However, the conventional tsunami wave experiment with a scale model installed in a wave tank can only carry out the reproduction of the fluid behavior due to the restrictions caused by the experimental similarity law. It is impossible to handle the ground deformation at the time of the push wave / pulling wave which is a problem.
In addition, since the stress level acting on the scale model is small, it is difficult to handle problems such as deformation and destruction of the structure as in the actual case. On the other hand, the conventional method using a large wave water tank reproduces the actual stress level by approaching the real scale, and the accuracy of the experimental results is improved, but the experimental equipment and the experimental cost are significantly larger. There is a problem of becoming.

Furthermore, even in the method of placing a wave tank in a centrifugal force field, it is not possible to generate a long-period wave equivalent to an actual tsunami. Therefore, the disaster mechanism due to the interaction between the tsunami, hydrodynamic force and the ground is elucidated. It has not yet reached.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to suppress an increase in experimental equipment and experimental costs by performing a reproduction experiment using a scaled hydraulic model, and to reduce conventional scaled water. The purpose of this study is to improve the reproducibility of the deformation of the ground and the deformation / destruction of the structure at the time of pushing / pulling, which could not be analyzed in the reproduction experiment using the physical model, and to perform the analysis. And it is to promote the elucidation of the tsunami disaster mechanism due to the interaction between tsunami, hydrodynamic force and ground.

(Aspect of the Invention)
The following aspects of the present invention exemplify the configuration of the present invention, and will be described separately for easy understanding of various configurations of the present invention. Each section does not limit the technical scope of the present invention, and some of the components of each section are replaced, deleted, or further while referring to the best mode for carrying out the invention. Those to which the above components are added can also be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

(1) A drum-shaped rotating container having a U-shaped cross section having a cylindrical bottom surface and an annular wall surface rising radially inward of the cylindrical bottom surface from both sides of the cylindrical bottom surface, and a rotation center portion of the drum-shaped rotating container A tool table that is detachably disposed on the drum-type rotary container and can be rotated integrally or independently with the drum-type rotary container, and a rotation drive unit that rotates the drum-type rotary container and the tool table integrally or independently. A multi-head type camera including at least one of a plurality of CCD cameras or CMOS sensors, and illumination means using a large number of LEDs, and a wave making device. Is mounted on the drum-type centrifugal loading device (Claim 1).

In the drum-type centrifugal loading device described in this section, a 1 / N scale hydraulic model of the ground and a structure on the ground is installed inside the drum-shaped rotary container having a U-shaped cross section. By rotating at a high speed, giving a centrifugal acceleration N times the gravitational acceleration of 1G, placing a fluid modeled on seawater or the like filled in a drum-type rotary container and a scaled hydraulic model in the centrifugal force field, Satisfy the relationship.
A tool table that is detachably arranged with respect to the center of rotation of the drum-type rotating container is mounted on the tool table in a state of being rotated integrally or independently with the drum-type rotating container as required by a rotation driving means. And a multi-head type camera including at least one of a plurality of CCD cameras or CMOS sensors and a lighting device using a number of LEDs, and a wave generated in a drum-type rotating container by a wave making device. The ground and the structure on the ground are photographed simultaneously from a plurality of locations. In particular, by illuminating the ground and structures on the ground with high brightness by illumination means using a large number of LEDs, the resolution of an image captured at high speed by a CCD camera or a CMOS sensor is increased.

  In addition, the illumination means using many LED is employ | adopted from being high-intensity with light weight and low power. Considering the use in the above-mentioned centrifugal force field, it is an essential condition to be lightweight. Further, in particular, in order to enable high-speed and high-resolution imaging with a CMOS sensor, high brightness is required. Furthermore, low power is an indispensable condition for reducing experimental costs and environmental measures. Therefore, other light sources can be used as long as the above conditions are satisfied.

(2) A drum-type centrifugal loading device in which the photographing equipment includes a laser irradiation means for irradiating the inside of the drum-type rotary container with a sheet-like laser beam.
The drum-type centrifugal loading device described in this section is a fluid that simulates seawater or the like filled in the drum-type rotary container by irradiating the inside of the drum-type rotary container with a sheet-like laser beam by laser irradiation means. The two-dimensional cross-section of this fluid is visually raised, and the flow velocity of the fluid is accurately grasped by photographing a plurality of locations as necessary with photographing equipment.

(3) A drum-type centrifugal loading device provided with supply means for supplying tracer particles and fluid to the drum-type rotating container (claim 3).
The drum-type centrifugal loading device described in this section provides a tracer mixed in the fluid required for the tsunami wave experiment by supplying a fluid simulating tracer particles and seawater to the drum-type rotating container by the supply means. Thus, the fluid flow is visually raised. And it becomes possible to grasp | ascertain the flow of a fluid with high precision by analyzing each motion of the tracer image | photographed.

(4) The wave making device has a wave making plate having a plane following the U-shaped cross section of the drum type rotating container, and moves the wave making plate in an arc along the cylindrical bottom surface of the drum type rotating container. A drum-type centrifugal loading device comprising an arcuate guide and a wave plate driving means.
The drum-type centrifugal loading device described in this section is configured such that a wave-making plate having a plane following the U-shaped cross section of the drum-type rotation container is formed into a cylindrical shape of the drum-type rotation container by an arc-shaped guide and a wave-making plate driving means. An arc is moved along the bottom surface with a predetermined stroke. Then, a long-period wave imitating a tsunami is generated for a fluid imitating seawater or the like supplied to the drum-type rotating container by the arc motion of the wave-making plate.

(5) The wave-making plate driving means includes a servo motor, a drive pulley fixed to the rotation shaft of the servo motor, a driven pulley positioned at one circumferential end of the arcuate guide, the drive pulley, A first drive belt wound around the driven pulley;
A first wave plate driving pulley that rotates integrally with the driven pulley, a second wave plate driving pulley that is rotatably supported at the other circumferential end of the arcuate guide, and the wave plate A drum type including a fixed belt fixing pulley, a first wave-making plate driving pulley, a second wave-making plate driving pulley, and a second driving belt wound around the belt fixing pulley. Centrifugal loading device (Claim 5).
The drum-type centrifugal loading device described in this section accurately reproduces the necessary waves in a fluid simulating seawater supplied to the drum-type rotary container by controlling the position and speed of the wave-making plate with a servo motor. To do. A drive pulley fixed to the rotation shaft of the servo motor; a driven pulley located at one end in the circumferential direction of the arcuate guide; a drive pulley; a first drive belt wound around the driven pulley; a driven pulley; A first wave plate driving pulley that rotates integrally; a second wave plate driving pulley that is rotatably supported at the other circumferential end of the arcuate guide; and a belt that is fixed to the wave plate A drive system related to the arc motion of the wave-making plate is constituted by the pulley and the second wave-driving plate driving pulley, the second wave-making plate driving pulley and the second driving belt wound around the belt fixing pulley. This suppresses fluctuations in the belt tension of the first and second drive belts when the wave-making plate makes a circular motion relative to the drum-type rotating container and the tool table, and further relates to the circular motion. Part inertia It is intended to suppress an increase in the amount.

(6) The wave plate driving means includes a first synchronous pulley that rotates integrally with the first wave plate driving pulley, and a second synchronous pulley that rotates integrally with the second wave plate driving pulley. And a drum-type centrifugal loading device including a synchronization belt wound around the first synchronization pulley and the second synchronization pulley (Claim 6).
The drum-type centrifugal loading device described in this section is configured so that the first wave-making plate driving pulley and the second wave-making plate are obtained when the synchronous belt is wound around the first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley. The rotation of the drive pulley is forcibly synchronized to prevent hunting of the servo motor.

(7) The drum-type centrifugal loading device in which the buoyancy is adjusted so that the buoyancy is balanced with respect to the fluid supplied to the drum-type rotary container.
The drum-type centrifugal loading device described in this section is configured such that the buoyancy is adjusted so that the buoyancy is balanced with respect to the fluid supplied to the drum-type rotating container, so that the arc-shaped guide and the wave-making plate are used in the centrifugal force field. The load applied to the driving means is reduced as much as possible.

(8) A drum-type centrifugal loading device in which at least a part of the annular wall surface of the drum-type rotary container is constituted by a transparent plate (claim 8).
The drum-type centrifugal loading device described in this section includes a wave generated in the drum-type rotary container by the wave generator, a ground, and a transparent plate that forms at least a part of the annular wall surface of the drum-type rotary container. The structure on the ground is photographed simultaneously from a plurality of locations.
Note that the boundary between the transparent plate and a portion other than the transparent plate on the annular wall surface of the drum-type rotary container is hermetically sealed so as not to cause liquid leakage.

(9) The cylindrical bottom surface of the drum-type rotary container is divided in the width direction of the cylindrical bottom surface by an annular transparent partition plate over the entire circumference, and a reduced scale hydraulic model is provided on one of the divided sides. A drum-type centrifugal loading device in which the imaging device is installed on the other side (Claim 9).
The drum-type centrifugal loading device described in this section performs a hydraulic experiment performed on a reduced scale hydraulic model that is set on one side divided by an annular transparent partition plate. Photographing is performed by photographing equipment installed at an arbitrary position over the entire circumference of the rotating container.
Note that the contact portion between the cylindrical bottom surface of the drum-type rotating container and the annular transparent partition plate is hermetically sealed so as not to cause liquid leakage.

(10) A drum-type centrifugal loading device in which a surge tank is provided in the drum-type rotary container to store a fluid imitating the seawater or the like.
The drum-type centrifugal loading device described in this section is a surge tank in which a fluid fluctuation caused by generating a long-period wave in a fluid simulating seawater or the like in a drum-type rotary container is generated as needed by a wave generator. In this way, the influence of the reflected wave (pulling wave) on the reduced scale hydraulic model is arbitrarily controlled.

(11) A drum-type centrifugal loading device in which the drum-type rotary container and the tool table are connected to each other.
The drum-type centrifugal loading device described in this section facilitates accurately balancing the weight of the entire device by connecting the drum-type rotary container and the tool table and rotating them integrally.

(12) In the drum-type centrifugal loading device according to any one of (1) to (11), a reduced-scale hydraulic model is installed in the drum-type rotary container, and the drum-type rotary container is rotated at a predetermined rotational speed. And rotating the tool table integrally, supplying a fluid imitating tracer particles and seawater, etc., generating a wave in the fluid by the wave making device, the scale hydraulic model by the multi-head camera, and A tsunami wave experiment method for simultaneously photographing the fluid and the tracer particles at high speed.

In the tsunami wave experiment method described in this section, a 1 / N scale hydraulic model of the ground and a structure on the ground is installed inside the drum-shaped rotating container having a U-shaped cross section, and the drum-shaped rotating container is Rotating at high speed, giving a centrifugal acceleration N times the gravitational acceleration 1G, supplying fluid that simulates tracer particles and seawater, etc., and fluid and scale hydraulic model simulating seawater that fills a drum-type rotating container Is placed in the centrifugal field to satisfy the relationship of the experimental similarity law.
In addition, a tool table that is detachably arranged with respect to the center of rotation of the drum-type rotating container is mounted on the tool table in a state of being rotated integrally or independently with the drum-type rotating container as required by a rotation driving means. An imaging device comprising a multi-head type camera including at least one of a plurality of CCD cameras or CMOS sensors and illumination means using a number of LEDs, a reduced hydraulic model, the fluid, and the tracer particles At the same time. At this time, when using illumination means using a large number of LEDs, the illumination means and the ground and the structure on the ground are illuminated with high brightness, so that images from the CCD camera or CMOS sensor can be displayed at high speed and with high resolution. It is something to shoot with. In addition, when the sheet-shaped laser light is irradiated to the inside of the drum-type rotary container by the laser irradiation means, a two-dimensional fluid simulating seawater filled in the drum-type rotary container with the sheet-shaped laser light. The flow rate of the fluid is accurately grasped by raising the cross-section and photographing a plurality of places as necessary with the photographing equipment.

(13) In the above (12), a tsunami wave experiment method for conducting a hydraulic experiment using the entire circumference of the drum-type rotating container.
The tsunami wave forming experiment method described in this section is a method that simulates a tsunami against a fluid that simulates seawater supplied to a drum type rotating container by performing an experiment using the entire circumference of the drum type rotating container. Periodic waves are generated, and the accuracy of tsunami damage is improved and analyzed.

  Since the present invention is configured in this way, the increase in experimental equipment and experimental costs is suppressed, and the deformation of the ground at the time of pushing and pulling, which could not be analyzed in a reproduction experiment using a conventional scale model, and It is possible to improve the reproducibility of deformation / destruction of structures and analyze them.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the drum-type centrifugal loading device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention extends from the both sides of the cylindrical bottom surface 12a and the cylindrical bottom surface 12a to the inside in the radial direction of the cylindrical bottom surface 12a. A drum-shaped rotary container 12 having a U-shaped cross section having a rising annular wall surface 12b is provided. In addition, a tool table 14 that is detachably disposed at the center of rotation of the drum-type rotary container 12 and that can rotate integrally or independently with the drum-type rotary container 12 is provided. As an example, the diameter (circumference) of the drum-type rotating container 12 is 2.2 m (6.7 m), and the diameter of the tool table 14 is 1.4 m. If necessary, the drum-type rotary container 12 is provided with a surge tank 13 for storing a fluid simulating seawater.

  Furthermore, a rotation driving means 16 (FIG. 1) is provided for rotating the drum type rotating container 12 and the tool table 14 integrally or independently. The rotation drive means 16 includes a drive system 16A for the drum-type rotary container 12 and a servo motor that is directly connected to the tool table 14 and includes a motor, a belt, a pulley, a rotation shaft, a power transmission arm, and the like. It consists of the system 16B.

The tool table 14 is mounted with a multi-head type camera 18 including at least one of a plurality of CCD cameras or CMOS sensors and illumination means 20 using a large number of LEDs as photographing equipment. Each of the multi-head type camera 18 and the illumination means 20 is installed at a necessary angle at a position suitable for photographing the wave WA and the scale hydraulic models M10 and M20 shown in FIG.
In addition, the illumination means using a large number of LEDs has a large number of LEDs arranged in a plurality of rows and rows in a two-dimensional manner, and the light irradiation direction can be finely adjusted for each LED. . The directivity of light is set to about 15 ° radiation, and is mainly used to illuminate the ground M10 and the structure M20 of the reduced scale hydraulic model.

  Further, the tool table 14 is provided with a laser irradiation means 22 for irradiating the inside of the drum-type rotary container 12 with a sheet-like laser beam L as a photographing device. As an example of the laser irradiation means 22, an LD-excited YAG / YVO4 laser (wavelength: 532 nm) is used as a light source, and a laser is converted into a sheet light using a visualization cylindrical lens. The laser irradiation means 22 mainly irradiates the fluid W portion with the sheet-like laser light L.

Further, the tool table 14 is provided with a supply means 24 for supplying a fluid simulating tracer particles and seawater to the drum-type rotary container 12. The supply means 24 includes a fluid tank 24a, a supply pipe 24b, and a pump 24c, and a plurality of systems can be provided. In the fluid tank 24a, a fluid W having appropriate physical properties imitating seawater and the like in consideration of the experimental similarity rule is stored in a state where tracer particles are mixed in advance. The pump 24c is driven by an electric motor, and is ON / OFF controlled from the outside via a slip ring described later.
In the drawing, as shown above the equipment installation shelf 26 of the tool table 14, the tracer particle supply device 24d and the fluid supply device 24e are separately provided, and the tracer particles and the fluid may be separately supplied. good.

  In addition, the illustrated equipment installation shelf 26 has two stages, and the upper stage supplies power to the high-speed camera head 28 and the illumination means 20 of the multi-head type camera 18 as shown in FIG. For this purpose, an AC-DC converter 30, a high-speed camera recording unit 32, a LAN hard disk 34, and a terminal block 36 are placed. In addition to these, an ultrasonic distance sensor 38, an ultrasonic processing sensor amplifier 40, a capacitive wave height meter 42, and a capacitive wave height meter amplifier 44 are mounted as necessary. A dynamic strain type data logger (not shown) is placed on the lower stage of the equipment installation shelf 26. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a support column 46 extending on the rotation axis of the tool table 14 is installed above the equipment installation shelf 26, and a communication signal for exchanging control signals with the outside is provided on the support column 46. A slip ring 48 and a power slip ring 50 for receiving power supply from the outside are provided. The terminals of the slip rings 48 and 50 are connected to the external control means 52.

  In addition, the wave table 54 shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 is placed on the tool table 14. The wave making device 54 has a wave making plate 56 having a plane following the U-shaped cross section of the drum-type rotary container 12, and the wave making plate 56 moves in an arc along the cylindrical bottom surface 12 a of the drum-type rotary container 12. For this purpose, an arcuate guide 58 and a wave plate driving means 60 are provided.

The wave-making plate 56 is formed of a metal plate such as aluminum in order to secure a required strength at least on the surface portion 56a, and a material having a small specific gravity such as foamed resin is used for the interior 56b. The buoyancy is adjusted so that the buoyancy is balanced with respect to the fluid supplied to the mold rotary container 12 (preferably, the specific gravity is the same as that of the fluid W). Further, the flat surface (surface portion 56 a) facing the fluid has a shape in which the thickness increases outward in the radial direction so as to pass through the center of rotation of the arc motion of the wave-making plate 56.
The operating angle of the wave-making plate 56 is caused by the operating angle of the arcuate guide 58, and is 60 ° in the illustrated example. However, if necessary, the operating angle of the wave making plate 56 can be made wider by using the guide rail 58a having a longer arc length.

  The wave plate driving means 60 includes a servo motor 62, a drive pulley 64 (FIG. 4) fixed to the rotation shaft of the servo motor 62, and a driven pulley 66 positioned at one end in the circumferential direction of the arc-shaped guide 58. A first drive belt 68 (FIG. 4) wound around the drive pulley 64 and the driven pulley 66, a first wave plate driving pulley 70 that rotates integrally with the driven pulley 64, and a circular guide 58. A second wave plate driving pulley 72 rotatably supported at the other end in the circumferential direction; belt fixing pulleys 74, 76, 78 fixed to a support plate 57 of the wave plate 56; A corrugated plate driving pulley 70, a second corrugated plate driving pulley 72, and a second driving belt 80 hung around the belt fixing pulleys 74, 76, 78 are included. Further, the wave plate driving means 60 includes a first synchronous pulley 82 that rotates integrally with the first wave plate driving pulley 70, and a second synchronous pulley that rotates integrally with the second wave plate driving pulley 72. 84 and a synchronization belt 86 that is wound around the first synchronization pulley 82 and the second synchronization pulley 84.

  Here, the servo motor 62 receives an operation command and drive power from the external control means 52 via a communication slip ring 48 and a power slip ring 50 for receiving power from the outside. .

  The first driving belt 68, the second driving belt 80, and the synchronous belt 86 are both toothed belts having teeth on both front and back surfaces, and each pulley has teeth corresponding to each belt. Is formed. The fixing pulleys 74, 76, and 78 are arranged and fixed in a staggered manner in a non-rotating state with respect to the support plate 57 that supports the base end portion of the wave forming plate 56, and the second drive belt 80 is used for fixing. A simple and lightweight structure for fixing the second drive belt 80 to the support plate 56a of the wave-making plate 56 is configured by being wound around the pulleys 74, 76, and 78 so as to alternately contact each other. .

  Note that the portion denoted by reference numeral 88 only in FIG. 5 is in contact with the slide block 58b that moves on the guide rail 58a when the slide block 58b moves to the end of the guide rail 58a, and sets the movement limit position of the slide block 58b. The shock absorber is defined and is constituted by an elastic body such as rubber.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the drum-type rotating container 12 is configured such that at least a part of the annular wall surface 12 a is a fan-shaped transparent plate 90. In this case, the multi-head type camera 18, the illumination unit 20, the laser irradiation unit 22, and the like are fixed to the outside of the fan-shaped transparent plate 90, and the inside is photographed through the fan-shaped transparent plate 90. . The fan-shaped transparent plate 90 is a transparent reinforced plastic plate having a sufficient thickness, and in the illustrated example, two sheets having a thickness of 30 mm are used. Naturally, the boundary between the transparent plate 90 and the portion other than the transparent plate of the annular wall surface 12b of the drum-type rotary container 12 is sealed so as not to cause liquid leakage.

Another example of the drum type rotating container 12 is shown in FIG. The drum-type rotary container 12 is a large drum-type rotary container in which the width of the cylindrical bottom surface 12a is wider than the example of FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, the cylindrical bottom surface 12a is divided in the width direction of the cylindrical bottom surface 12a by an annular transparent partition plate 92 over the entire circumference. The scaled hydraulic model is installed in one of the divided parts 12c, and the photographing equipment (multihead type camera 18, illumination means 20, laser irradiation means 22, etc.) is installed in the other 12d. .
In this case as well, a transparent reinforced plastic plate having a thickness of 30 mm is used as the annular transparent partition plate 92 in a stacked manner. Moreover, as a mounting structure for the cylindrical bottom surface 12a of the drum-type rotary container 12, a transparent plate similar to the fan-shaped transparent plate 90 in FIG. 7 is arranged in a circle, and the joint portion and the peripheral portion are covered with a metal frame, For example, the metal frame may be fixed to the cylindrical bottom surface 12a. Naturally, the contact portion between the cylindrical bottom surface 12a of the drum-type rotary container 12 and the annular transparent partition plate 92 is hermetically sealed so as not to cause liquid leakage.

Next, a procedure for performing a tsunami wave experiment using the drum-type centrifugal loading device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
First, in the embodiment of the present invention, since the tool table 14 is detachable with respect to the drum-type rotating container 12, the necessary equipment is fixed to the equipment installation shelf 26 in the state of the tool table 14 alone. . In the state where the tool table 14 is arranged at the center of rotation of the drum-type rotary container 12, the drum-type rotary container 12 and the tool table 14 are connected by a connecting plate 94 and a bolt 96 as shown in FIG. Connect multiple locations at appropriate locations. As described above, the drum-type rotating container 12 and the tool table 14 are connected and integrally rotated, so that it becomes easy to accurately balance the weight of the entire apparatus.

Then, a scale hydraulic model is installed in the drum-type rotating container 12. As shown in FIG. 2, the scale hydraulic model is configured in advance so that the ground M <b> 10 and the structure M <b> 20 can be accommodated in the drum-type rotating container 12 at a scale based on the experimental similarity law. And it sets in the drum-type rotary container 12 in the state solidified by freezing this. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, in order to perform an experiment using the entire circumference of the drum-type rotating container 12, the surge tank 13, the scale hydraulic models M <b> 10 and M <b> 20, and the wave-making plate 56 are replaced with the drum-shaped container 12. It shall be arranged appropriately over the entire circumference.
Further, the multi-head camera 18, the illumination means 20, and the laser irradiation device 22 are set at necessary photographing locations by brackets 98 (see FIG. 1). And in order to ensure the weight balance of the whole apparatus, a balance weight is installed in an appropriate place on the tool table 14. The tool table 14 is formed with a plurality of screw holes in advance so as to facilitate fixing of necessary parts such as a balance weight.

  Subsequently, in a state where the drum-type rotary container 12 and the tool table 14 are rotated, the fluid W imitating tracer particles and seawater is supplied from the supply unit 24 into the drum-type rotary container 12. Thereafter, the rotational speeds of the drum-type rotary container 12 and the tool table 14 are increased so as to obtain a predetermined rotational speed, and the wave making plate 56 of the wave making device 54 is moved in an arc to generate a wave WA in the fluid W. Then, the scaled hydraulic models M10 and M20, the fluid W, and the tracer particles mixed in the fluid are simultaneously photographed at high speed by the multi-head camera 18. In FIG. 1, a state in which the tracer particles emit light when illuminated with light is schematically indicated by reference numeral 100.

Depending on the contents of the experiment, a drive system 16A of the drum-type rotary container 12 of the rotation drive means 16 and a servo motor directly connected to the tool table 14 are provided without connecting the drum-type rotary container 12 and the tool table 14. The drive system 16B of the tool table 14 can be independently rotated. In addition, the rotation of the tool table 14 is stopped without stopping the rotation of the drum-type rotating container 12, the tool table 14 is lowered from the drum-type centrifugal loading device 10, and the equipment on the tool table 14 is inspected or replaced. Is possible.

The effects obtained by the embodiment of the present invention having the above-described configuration are as follows. The drum-type centrifugal loading apparatus 10 is provided with a 1 / N scale hydraulic model of the ground M10 and the structure M20 on the ground inside the drum-shaped rotary container 12 having a U-shaped cross section. By rotating at high speed, giving a centrifugal acceleration N times the gravitational acceleration 1G, and placing the fluid W imitating seawater and the like filled in the drum-type rotary container 12 and the scale hydraulic models M10 and M20 in the centrifugal force field It satisfies the relationship of the experimental similarity law.

  Then, in a state where the tool table 14 arranged at the rotation center portion of the drum-type rotary container 12 is rotated by the rotation driving means 16, at least one of the plurality of CCD cameras or CMOS sensors mounted on the tool table 14 is mounted. An imaging device comprising a multi-head type camera 18 including a lighting unit 20 using a large number of LEDs, a wave WA generated in a drum-type rotary container 12 by a wave making device 54, a ground M10, and a structure on the ground M20 is photographed simultaneously from a plurality of locations. In particular, by illuminating the ground M10 and the structure M20 on the ground with high brightness by the illumination means 20 using a large number of LEDs, it is possible to increase the resolution of an image captured at high speed by a CCD camera or a CMOS sensor. it can.

Further, the drum-type centrifugal loading device 10 simulates seawater or the like filled in the drum-type rotary container 12 by irradiating the drum-type rotary container 12 with a sheet-like laser beam L by the laser irradiation means 22. The two-dimensional cross section of the fluid W is visually raised, and the multi-head camera 18 captures a plurality of positions as necessary, so that the flow velocity of the fluid W can be accurately grasped.

Moreover, the drum-type centrifugal loading device 10 is mixed with the fluid necessary for the tsunami wave experiment by supplying the fluid W imitating tracer particles and seawater to the drum-type rotary container 12 by the supply means 24. With the tracer, the flow of the fluid W can be visually raised (see reference numeral 100 in FIG. 1). And it becomes possible to grasp | ascertain the flow of the fluid W with high precision by analyzing each motion of the tracer image | photographed.

The drum-type centrifugal loading device 10 is configured such that the wave-forming plate 56 having a plane following the U-shaped cross section of the drum-type rotating container 12 is moved by the arc-shaped guide 58 and the wave-forming plate driving means 60. A circular movement is performed with a predetermined stroke along the cylindrical bottom surface 12a. Then, a long-period wave imitating the tsunami WA is generated for the fluid W imitating seawater or the like supplied to the drum-type rotary container 12 by the arc motion of the wave-making plate 56.

Further, the drum-type centrifugal loading device 10 controls the position and speed of the wave-making plate 56 by the servo motor 62 so that the necessary wave WA is applied to the fluid W imitating seawater supplied to the drum-type rotary container 12. It reproduces accurately. The drive pulley 64 fixed to the rotation shaft of the servo motor 62, the driven pulley 66 positioned at one end in the circumferential direction of the arcuate guide 58, and the first drive hung around the drive pulley 64 and the driven pulley 66. A belt 68, a first wave plate driving pulley 70 that rotates integrally with the driven pulley 66, and a second wave plate driving pulley 72 that is rotatably supported at the other circumferential end of the arcuate guide 58. The belt fixing pulleys 74, 76, 78 fixed to the wave plate 56, the first wave plate driving pulley 70, the second wave plate driving pulley 72, and the belt fixing pulleys 74, 76, 78 The second drive belt 80 to be hung around constitutes a drive system related to the circular motion of the wave making plate 56, so that the wave making plate 56 is relative to the drum type rotary container 12 and the tool table 14. When the arc motion, first, it is possible to suppress the fluctuation of the belt tension of the second drive belt 68, 80. Further, an increase in inertia weight of a portion related to the arc motion (particularly, a portion constituting a fixing structure of the second drive belt 80 with respect to the support plate 56a of the wave-making plate 56, such as the belt fixing pulleys 74, 76, 78). Can be suppressed.

The drum-type centrifugal loading device 10 has the first wave-making plate driving pulley 70 and the second structure made by the synchronization belt 86 being wound around the first synchronization pulley 82 and the second synchronization pulley 84. The rotation of the corrugated plate driving pulley 72 can be forcibly synchronized to prevent the servo motor 62 from hunting.

Further, the drum-type centrifugal loading device 10 is adjusted in buoyancy so that the buoyancy is balanced with respect to the fluid W supplied to the drum-type rotary container 12, so that the arc-shaped guide 58 and the wave-making plate are used in the centrifugal force field. The load applied to the driving means 60 can be reduced as much as possible.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the drum-type centrifugal loading device 10 is configured such that the wave-making device 54 uses a drum-like transparent plate 90 to form a drum by a wave-forming device 54 via at least a part of the annular wall surface 12b of the drum-type rotary container 12. The wave WA generated in the mold rotary container 12, the ground M10, and the structure M20 on the ground can be photographed simultaneously from a plurality of locations.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the drum-type centrifugal loading device 10 has a hydraulic experiment carried out on scaled hydraulic models M10 and M20 set on one side separated by an annular transparent partition plate 92. Can be photographed by the multi-head type camera 18 photographing equipment installed at an arbitrary position over the entire circumference of the drum-type rotary container 12 in the other section.
In this case, since the cylindrical bottom surface 12a of the drum-type rotary container 12 is formed wide and the apparatus is enlarged, it is possible to maintain the weight balance at the time of tsunami wave formation due to an increase in the completed mass, and to carry the loading space. Ancillary effects such as an increase in usable experimental area due to the increase can be obtained.

Further, the drum-type centrifugal loading device 10 generates fluid fluctuations caused by generating a long-period wave WA in the fluid W imitating seawater or the like in the drum-type rotary container 12 by the wave making device 54 as necessary. By receiving with the surge tank 13, the influence of the reflected wave (pulling wave) on the scale hydraulic models M10 and M20 can be arbitrarily controlled. In particular, when the large drum-type rotary container 12 shown in FIG. 8 is used, the degree of freedom in tsunami flow control can be increased by installing a large-capacity surge tank 13.

The drum-type centrifugal loading device 10 performs an experiment using the entire circumference of the drum-type rotary container 12, thereby imitating the tsunami WA with respect to the fluid W imitating seawater supplied to the drum-type rotary container 12. Long-period waves can be generated and the accuracy of tsunami damage reproduction can be improved.

It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed typically the drum type centrifugal loading apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of a drum type rotating container of the drum type centrifugal loading device shown in FIG. It is a plane schematic diagram which shows each apparatus mounted in the tool table of the drum type centrifugal loading apparatus shown by FIG. It is a top view which shows typically the wave making apparatus mounted in the tool table of the drum type centrifugal loading apparatus shown by FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the wave making device shown in FIG. 4. 4 is a perspective view of the wave making device shown in FIG. 4 from an angle different from that in FIG. It is a perspective view of a drum type rotation container of the drum type centrifugal loading apparatus shown by FIG. (A) is a perspective view which shows another example of a drum type rotary container of the drum type centrifugal loading apparatus shown by FIG. 1, (b) is an internal structure of the drum type rotary container shown by (a). It is a perspective sectional view shown.

Explanation of symbols

10: Drum-type centrifugal loading device, 12: Drum-type rotary container, 12a: Cylindrical bottom surface, 12b: Toroidal wall surface, 13: Surge tank, 14: Tool table, 16: Rotation drive means, 18: Multi-head type camera, 20: illumination means, 22: laser irradiation means, 24: supply means, 54: wave making device, 56: wave making plate, 57: support plate, 58: arc guide, 60: wave plate driving means, 62: servo Motor 64: Drive pulley 66: Driven pulley 68: First drive belt 70: First wave plate drive pulley 72: Second wave plate drive pulley 74, 76, 78: Belt fixing Pulley: 80: second drive belt, 82: first synchronization pulley, 84: second synchronization pulley, 86: synchronization belt, 90: fan-shaped transparent plate, 92: annular transparent partition plate, M10: Ground, M20 : Structure, W: Fluid, WA: Wave

Claims (12)

A drum-shaped rotating container having a U-shaped cross section having a cylindrical bottom surface and an annular wall surface that rises inward in the radial direction of the cylindrical bottom surface from both sides of the cylindrical bottom surface, and is attachable to and detachable from the center of rotation of the drum-shaped rotating container And a tool table that can be rotated integrally or independently with the drum-type rotary container, and a rotation driving means that rotates the drum-type rotary container and the tool table integrally or independently,
On the tool table, a multi-head type camera including at least one of a plurality of CCD cameras or CMOS sensors and illumination means using a large number of LEDs are mounted as photographing equipment, and a wave making device is mounted. A drum-type centrifugal loading device characterized by being placed. 2. The drum-type centrifugal loading device according to claim 1, wherein the photographing equipment includes laser irradiation means for irradiating the inside of the drum-type rotary container with a sheet-like laser beam. The drum-type centrifugal loading device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a supply means for supplying a fluid simulating tracer particles and seawater to the drum-type rotating container. The wave making device includes a wave making plate having a plane following the U-shaped cross section of the drum type rotating container, and a circle for causing the wave making plate to move in an arc along the cylindrical bottom surface of the drum type rotating container. The drum-type centrifugal loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an arc guide and a wave plate driving means. The wave plate driving means includes a servo motor,
A drive pulley fixed to the rotation shaft of the servo motor, a driven pulley located at one circumferential end of the arcuate guide, the drive pulley and a first drive belt wound around the driven pulley;
A first wave plate driving pulley that rotates integrally with the driven pulley, a second wave plate driving pulley that is rotatably supported at the other circumferential end of the arcuate guide, and the wave plate A fixed belt fixing pulley, and a first driving plate driving pulley, a second driving plate driving pulley, and a second driving belt wound around the belt fixing pulley. The drum-type centrifugal loading device according to claim 4, The wave plate driving means includes a first synchronous pulley that rotates integrally with the first wave plate driving pulley, a second synchronous pulley that rotates integrally with the second wave plate driving pulley, 6. The drum-type centrifugal loading device according to claim 5, further comprising a first synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt wound around the second synchronous pulley. The drum-type centrifuge according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the wave-making plate is adjusted in buoyancy so that the buoyancy is balanced with respect to the fluid supplied to the drum-type rotary container. Loading device. The drum-type centrifugal loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein at least a part of the annular wall surface of the drum-type rotary container is formed of a transparent plate. The cylindrical bottom surface of the drum-type rotary container is divided in the width direction of the cylindrical bottom surface by an annular transparent partition plate over the entire circumference, and a reduced scale hydraulic model is provided on the other side. The drum-type centrifugal loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the photographing device is installed. The drum-type centrifugal loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a surge tank for storing fluid imitating the seawater or the like is provided in the drum-type rotary container. 11. The drum-type centrifugal loading device according to claim 1, wherein a reduced-scale hydraulic model is installed in the drum-type rotary container, and the drum-type rotary container and the tool table are integrated at a predetermined number of rotations. And supplying a fluid simulating tracer particles and seawater, etc., generating a wave in the fluid with the wave making device, and using the multi-head camera, the scale hydraulic model, the fluid, and the tracer. Tsunami wave experiment method characterized by high-speed imaging of particles simultaneously. The tsunami wave experiment method according to claim 11, wherein a hydraulic experiment is performed using the entire circumference of the drum-type rotating container.

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