JP4759675B2 - Mud pressure dehydrator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mud pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus for pressurizing and dehydrating mud generated in a ground improvement method or the like.

  One of the ground improvement methods is the jet grout method. The jet grouting method is a double pipe that rotates and sprays ultra-high pressure solidified material liquid with air into the ground to cut the ground and discharge the slime to the ground surface, while at the same time forming a cylindrical solid body System and super high pressure water with air is rotated and sprayed into the ground to cut the ground, the slime is discharged to the ground surface and the solidified material is cut into a space that is filled into a cylindrical solid Although there is a triple pipe system for creating a body, all of them generate a large amount of mud (slime), and it is desired to reduce the amount of mud discharged and reuse it.

  A large amount of waste mud generated by construction is separated into soil particles and moisture by a sieve and a pressure dehydrator, and the soil particles are reused as aggregate of recycled solidified material. If it can be reused, industrial waste can be greatly reduced or eliminated, and the environmental load can be reduced.

Conventional pressure dehydration devices include filter presses, screw presses, belt presses, and the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The filter press performs filtration and dehydration by injecting muddy water into a filter chamber in which filter plates are arranged in parallel and a filter cloth is sandwiched therebetween and fixed. In the screw press, muddy water is supplied between a cylindrical screen and an internal cylindrical screw shaft, and the pressure is reduced and pressed while being extruded in the outlet direction by the rotation of the screw shaft. The belt press supplies muddy water added with a flocculant between upper and lower filter cloth belts, and continuously performs gravity dehydration and compression shear dehydration by the tension of the filter cloth belt.
Japanese Patent No. 3540838

  In the case of the conventional pressure dehydration apparatus as described above, the structure is complicated and expensive, and depending on the sediment component or water content of the mud, it is difficult to efficiently dewater, it is difficult to dehydrate to a predetermined water content, There is a problem that a large amount of mud cannot be dehydrated in a short time.

  The present invention relates to a pressure dewatering device for pressure dewatering mud such as waste mud generated by a jet grout method, etc., and can perform dewatering treatment of mud with a relatively simple device, and can also be used to remove mud soil components or water content. The present invention provides a pressure dehydration apparatus that can efficiently dehydrate, dehydrate to a predetermined water content ratio, and can perform a large amount of mud dewatering in a short time.

The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a mud pressurizing and dewatering device for pressurizing and dewatering mud to which a flocculant is added , and is fine and medium from the mud input side to the treated soil discharge side. consists of a cylindrical mesh screen rough eye to eye becomes rough, a cylinder in which the mud is turned from one end opening, treated with the tubular mesh screen, wherein the treated soil is discharged from the other end opening pressure and type dewatering container, an opening and closing valve for opening and closing the other end opening of the cylindrical dewatering container is inserted from the one end opening of the cylindrical dewatering container to said cylinder dewatering container, the inserted the mud a piston to compress, mud pressure圧脱characterized in that the piston comprises an actuator for reciprocating in front of the opening and closing valve from the front of the one end opening of the cylindrical dewatering vessel It is a device.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is applied to the pressure dewatering of mud (slime) generated by construction such as a jet grout method, and other mud soil, and has a mesh screen (punching screen or wedge screen) such as a cylinder or a square tube. Etc.), and the piston driven by the actuator (hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, electric cylinder, other linear drive device) is pushed into the screen, and the mud filled in the screen is pressurized and compressed. It dehydrates and discharges the dehydrated treated soil in the pressurizing direction from an open / close valve. A cylinder-type dewatering apparatus can be used to form a relatively simple apparatus. In addition, since the piston is operated by a hydraulic cylinder or the like, the moving speed of the piston and the pressure applied to the mud can be arbitrarily changed, and efficient dewatering is possible according to the sediment component and moisture content in the mud, Moreover, it can dehydrate to a predetermined moisture content. Furthermore, since the mud is pressurized and compressed with a large-diameter piston and discharged in the pressurizing direction, it is also possible to dewater continuously by further reciprocating the piston, dewatering a large amount of mud in a short time. It becomes possible to process.

Further, the mud pressure dewatering apparatus according to claim 1, the mesh screen of the cylinder-type dewatering container, when large fine fraction according to soil is towards the discharge side of the treated soil from the input side of the mud fine The mud pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus is characterized in that it is configured so that the middle eyes, the rough eyes, and the eyes become rough.

  For example, a fine mesh screen, a medium mesh screen, and a coarse mesh screen are arranged in order from the mud input side. Because the mud is added with a flocculant, dehydration is first performed by the fine screen by the drop energy at the time of charging, and dewatering is performed by its own weight by the fine, medium and coarse screens as the mud accumulates in the screen. Efficient dehydration.

The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is a mud pressure dewatering apparatus according to claim 1, the distal end of the piston is a mud pressure dewatering apparatus characterized that it is conical. This is a case where the piston tip surface is conical with respect to the flat plate shape, the distance in the radial direction from the piston tip surface to the inner surface of the screen is shortened, and compressed in the radial direction to enhance the dehydrating effect.

The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is the mud pressurizing and dewatering device according to any one of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the on-off valve is the on-off valve with a predetermined pressurizing force by the piston. A mud pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus, characterized in that an automatic opening and closing mechanism for automatically opening the door is provided.

The opening / closing valve may be opened / closed by a driving device, but if an automatic opening / closing mechanism is used, the cost can be reduced. The automatic opening / closing mechanism uses, for example, a hydraulic, pneumatic, electric, or spring device that presses the opening / closing valve against a valve seat provided at the opening of the discharge port of the screen with a predetermined pressing force. At the time of dehydration pressurization by the piston, the open / close valve is closed by the closing force of the automatic opening / closing mechanism, and dehydration proceeds by the pressure of the piston, and when the pressure exceeds a certain pressure, the open / close valve automatically opens and the treated soil is removed. Discharged. In the case of a spring device, the opening timing of the on-off valve can be arbitrarily set by adjusting the closing force with a nut or the like. Furthermore, a stopper for restricting the opening / closing amount of the opening / closing valve is provided on a guide rod or the like that supports the opening / closing valve so that the opening / closing valve can be opened and closed. The amount of discharge can be set arbitrarily. With these, it is possible to arbitrarily set an appropriate pressure required for dewatering, and efficient dewatering is possible and adjusted to a predetermined water content ratio according to the mud sediment component and water content ratio. be able to.

Mud pressurized dehydration apparatus according to any one of 請 Motomeko 1 to claim 3 of the present invention, both the pressurized dehydration function of the pressure dehydration method continuous with pressurized dewatering system batch It can also be a mud soil pressurized dewatering device that has. The continuous type is a case where the mud is supplied and pressurized dewatered continuously by continuously reciprocating the piston with respect to the batch type, and a large amount of mud can be dehydrated in a short time.

Mud pressurized dehydration apparatus according to any one of 請 Motomeko 1 to claim 3 of the present invention, mud pressurized dehydrating device tip of the piston becomes a filter shape so that it is possible dewatering at the tip surface It can also be. This is because the tip end surface of the piston has a shape (filter shape) having a filter function so that the tip end surface can be dehydrated, thereby increasing the dehydration effect.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) A pressurization dehydration device having a relatively simple structure consisting of a cylindrical mesh screen cylinder-type dewatering container, an actuator such as a piston, a hydraulic cylinder, and an on-off valve can be obtained to reduce costs. Can do.
(2) A process in which a piston is pushed into a cylinder-type dewatering container of a cylindrical mesh screen from one end opening with a hydraulic cylinder, etc., and the mud in the screen whose other end opening is closed by an open / close valve is compressed and dehydrated. Since the soil is discharged from the open / close valve, it is possible to easily set the appropriate pressure, efficiently dewatering according to the mud soil component or water content, and dewatering to the specified water content Can do.
(3) Since the mud is pressurized and compressed with a large-diameter piston and discharged in the pressurizing direction, the piston can be reciprocated further for continuous dehydration. It can be dehydrated.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. This embodiment is an example applied to the pressure dewatering treatment of the sludge in the jet grout method. FIG. 1 is a plan view, a side view, and a front view seen from the discharge side, showing an example of a pressure dehydration apparatus of the present invention. 2 and 3 show an example of a jet grout system to which the pressure dehydration apparatus of the present invention is applied.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a pressure dehydration apparatus 1 according to the present invention is mainly composed of a cylindrical dehydration vessel 2 composed of a cylindrical mesh screen 3 and open at both ends, and one end side ( A hollow piston 4 with a predetermined length inserted from the right side of the figure, a hydraulic (or pneumatic) cylinder 5 as an actuator for reciprocating the piston 4 with a predetermined stroke, and the other end side of the dehydrating container 2 ( The opening / closing valve 6 is normally closed and opened with a predetermined applied pressure.

  A drainage inlet 7 is connected to the piston-side opening of the cylinder-type dewatering container 2, and the mud is charged from above and filled into the interior of the dewatering container 2 through the opening. A processing soil discharge port 8 is provided below the opening / closing valve 6 at the opening on the opposite end side, and the dewatered processing soil is discharged to the outside through the opening / closing valve 6 opened.

  The mesh screen 3 is configured by connecting, for example, three types of units, and a fine mesh screen 3A, a medium mesh screen 3B, and a coarse mesh screen 3C are arranged in this order from the insertion port side. In the fine mesh screen 3A, dewatering is performed with the drop energy at the time of supplying and supplying the mud, and as the mud accumulates in the screens 3A to 3C, it is dewatered by its own weight due to the fine, medium and coarse. It can be dehydrated efficiently. As the mesh screen, a punching screen, a wedge screen or the like can be used. The filtered water is collected by a drain receiving hopper 9 installed below the screen 3 and discharged from a drain port 10.

  The piston 4 is a cylindrical large-diameter piston that is slightly smaller in diameter than the inner diameter of the mesh screen 3 and longer in length than the mesh screen 3, and enters the mesh screen through the mud discharge port 7. Then, the mud filled in the screen 3 is compressed by pressure and dehydrated. A packing house 11 through which the piston 4 is inserted is provided on the side opposite to the screen of the mud discharge port 7 and sealed so that the mud does not leak outside. A roller 12 that rolls on the lower inner surface of the screen 3 is attached to the front surface of the piston 4, and a roller 12 that rolls on a rail 14 installed on the apparatus base 13 is also attached to the rear surface. 4 can be moved smoothly.

  The hydraulic cylinder 5 is disposed inside the long piston 4, and the tip of the piston rod is connected to the front plate 4 a of the piston 4. The base end portion of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to a mounting base 15 installed on the apparatus base 13 via a pin. The hydraulic cylinder 5 has a maximum stroke that allows the front surface of the piston 4 to be positioned from the state in which the front portion of the piston 4 is retracted into the packing house 11 to the front of the on-off valve 6.

  The on-off valve 6 is a substantially conical valve body, and is provided on the support base 20 so that the tip thereof is located in the opening of the screen 3. A guide rod 21 is horizontally disposed on the support base 20, and the open / close valve 6 is supported by the guide rod 21 so as to be movable back and forth with respect to the screen 3. Further, a valve seat 22 is provided on the screen side of the support base 20, and the opening / closing valve 6 is seated so that the opening of the screen 3 can be completely closed.

  Furthermore, the opening / closing valve 6 is provided with an automatic opening / closing mechanism 23 that automatically opens the opening / closing valve 6 with a predetermined pressure applied by the piston 4. The automatic opening / closing mechanism 23 includes, for example, a rod 23 a having one end connected to the outer peripheral portion of the opening / closing valve 6, a nut 23 b screwed to the tip of the rod, and a rod 23 a between the nut and the support frame 20. A spring 23c that is mounted and always presses the opening / closing valve 6 against the valve seat 22 can be formed. By tightening or loosening the nut 23b, the pressing force of the spring 23c, that is, the set closing force of the on-off valve 6 can be arbitrarily adjusted. The automatic opening / closing mechanism 23 may be a hydraulic device, a pneumatic device, or an electric device instead of the spring device.

  Further, a step 21a is formed in the guide rod 21, and this step 21a serves as a stopper to regulate the opening amount of the on-off valve 6. Therefore, by changing the position of the step 21a, the opening amount of the opening / closing valve 6 (the passage area of the treated soil), that is, the discharged amount of the treated soil can be arbitrarily changed.

  The pressure dehydration function of the piston 4 driven by the hydraulic (pneumatic) cylinder 5 is performed when the piston 4 moves in a certain direction toward the opening / closing valve 6 to perform pressure dehydration, and when the piston 4 continuously reciprocates. Thus, there are two types of pressure dehydration functions when performing pressure dehydration. The pressure dehydration function in a certain direction is a batch type pressure dehydration system. The pressure dewatering function by the continuous reciprocating motion enables continuous dewatering by following the reciprocating motion of the piston 4 and continuously supplying the waste mud to which the flocculant is added from the waste mud inlet 7.

  In the pressure dehydration apparatus 1 configured as described above, pressure dehydration is performed by the following steps.

  (A) Sludge is thrown into the cylinder-type dewatering container 2 from the sludge inlet 7. Since flocculant is added to the waste mud, dewatering is first performed by the fine screen 3A by the dropping energy at the time of supply, and dewatering is performed by its own weight as the mud accumulates on the screens 3A to 3C.

  (B) When the mud of the screen 3 is filled to some extent, the state of filling is detected by a sensor, and the piston 4 is automatically driven. The piston 4 moves into the screen 3, and the mud filled in the screen 3 is gradually pressurized. The pressurized mud is dehydrated by the screen 3, and the filtrate is collected by the drain receiving hopper 9 and discharged by the drain port 10.

  (C) At the start of dehydration by the pressure applied to the piston 4, the opening / closing valve 6 is closed by the pressing force of the automatic opening / closing mechanism 23, and the dewatered mud is consolidated as the dewatering by the pressure increases, and the pressure increases gradually accordingly. When the applied pressure exceeds the closing force of the opening / closing valve 6, the opening / closing valve 6 opens. When the opening / closing valve 6 is opened, the dehydrated treated soil flows out from the gap between the opening / closing valve 6 and the valve seat 22 and is discharged from the discharge port 8.

  In this apparatus as described above, since the piston 4 is driven by the hydraulic (or pneumatic) cylinder 5, the moving speed of the large-diameter piston 4 and the pressure applied to the mud can be arbitrarily changed. Depending on the earth and sand components and the water content, efficient dehydration is possible, and the water content can be adjusted to a predetermined water content. Further, since the opening timing of the opening / closing valve 6 and the passage area between the opening / closing valve 6 and the valve seat can be varied in accordance with the pressure applied to the opening / closing valve 6, an appropriate pressure necessary for dehydration can be obtained. Can be set arbitrarily. This also enables efficient dewatering according to the sediment component and water content in the waste mud, and can be adjusted to a predetermined water content.

  Moreover, the processing capacity of waste mud can be changed according to the amount of waste mud by installing this apparatus in parallel. Moreover, it can be installed horizontally or vertically, and can be appropriately selected according to the installation space.

The tip of the piston 4 is flat, but has a convex conical shape toward the on-off valve 6 so as to shorten the compaction distance of the mud in the cylinder-type dewatering container 2 to the screen 3 and enhance the dewatering effect. It may be. Further, the tip of the piston 4 may have a shape having a filter function (filter shape) so that drainage can be performed on the entire circumference of the cylinder-type dewatering container 2 to enhance the dewatering effect.

[Application example]
This is an example applied to the pressure dewatering treatment of waste mud in the jet grouting method, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show a block diagram of the system and a flow of pressure dewatering treatment and reuse.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a flocculant is added to the slime (waste mud) S generated by the construction of the jet grouting method, and the resultant is introduced into the pressure dewatering apparatus 1 of the present invention, forcibly pressure dewatering treatment. Then, the obtained treated soil A is reused for neutral solidification treatment, land reclamation, etc., and treated water is also reused for drilling and creation.

  Table 1 shows an example of a test result of waste mud dewatering by the pressure dewatering device of the present invention, which was tested in the field.

  In addition, although the above demonstrated the case where it applied to the pressure dehydration process of the waste mud generated by construction of a jet grout method, it can use also for the pressure dehydration process of not only this but other mud.

It is an example of the pressurization dehydration apparatus of this invention, (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view, (c) is the front view seen from the discharge side. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the recycling system of the jet grout method to which the pressure dehydration apparatus of this invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a manufacturing flowchart of FIG. 2.

Explanation of symbols

S ... Slime
A ... treated soil 1 ... pressure dehydration device 2 ... cylinder type dehydration vessel 3 ... mesh screen 3A ... fine mesh screen 3B ... medium mesh screen 3C ... coarse mesh screen 4 ... piston 4a ... front plate 5 ... hydraulic (or empty) Pressure) Cylinder 6 ... Open / close valve 7 ... Drainage inlet 8 ... Discharged soil discharge port 9 ... Drainage receiving hopper 10 ... Drainage port 11 ... Packing house 12 ... Roller 13 ... Device base 14 ... Rail 15 ... Mounting base 20 ... Support base 21 ... Guide rod 21a ... Step 22 ... Valve seat 23 ... Automatic opening / closing mechanism 23a ... Rod 23b ... Nut 23c ... Spring (or hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure)

Claims (3)

  A mud pressurizing and dewatering device that pressurizes and dewaters mud added with a flocculant, and has fine, medium, coarse, and coarser grains from the mud input side to the treated soil discharge side. A cylinder-type dewatering container in which the mud is introduced from one end opening, treated by the cylindrical mesh screen, and the treated soil is discharged from the other end opening; and An on-off valve that opens and closes the other end opening, a piston that is inserted into the cylinder-type dewatering container through the one end opening of the cylinder-type dewatering container, and pressurizes and compresses the introduced mud, and this piston is the cylinder type A mud pressurizing and dewatering device comprising an actuator that reciprocates from the front of the one end opening of the dewatering container to the front of the open / close valve.   2. The mud pressurizing and dewatering apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the piston has a conical tip.   3. The mud pressurizing and dehydrating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing valve is provided with an automatic opening / closing mechanism that automatically opens the opening / closing valve with a predetermined pressure applied by the piston. A mud pressurizing and dewatering device.

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