JP4751076B2 - Ultrasonic motor and electronic device using the same - Google Patents

Ultrasonic motor and electronic device using the same Download PDF

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JP4751076B2
JP4751076B2 JP2005042844A JP2005042844A JP4751076B2 JP 4751076 B2 JP4751076 B2 JP 4751076B2 JP 2005042844 A JP2005042844 A JP 2005042844A JP 2005042844 A JP2005042844 A JP 2005042844A JP 4751076 B2 JP4751076 B2 JP 4751076B2
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moving body
ultrasonic motor
output
gear
vibration
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JP2006230140A (en
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朗弘 飯野
春彦 長谷川
貴之 小坂
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Seiko Instruments Inc
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Description

本発明は振動体の振動により、移動体を摩擦駆動する超音波モータ及びそれを用いた電子機器に関し、特に超音波モータの回転出力を、超音波モータの移動体に設けた出力取り出し部材から伝達部材に伝えることで駆動される稼動部を有する電子機器に関する。   The present invention relates to an ultrasonic motor that frictionally drives a moving body by vibration of the vibrating body and an electronic device using the ultrasonic motor, and in particular, the rotation output of the ultrasonic motor is transmitted from an output extraction member provided on the moving body of the ultrasonic motor. The present invention relates to an electronic device having an operating part that is driven by being transmitted to a member.

近年、電子機器の小型薄型化、高機能化、低消費電力化に伴い、その中で使われるアクチュエータとして圧電素子を駆動源とした超音波モータが注目されている。   2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, along with the downsizing, thinning, high functionality, and low power consumption of electronic devices, an ultrasonic motor using a piezoelectric element as a drive source has attracted attention as an actuator used therein.

超音波モータは出力軸を介さずに、振動体の振動により摩擦駆動される移動体に直接歯車等の出力取出し部材を設けることが可能なため機構の薄型化、簡素化が可能となる。
特開平11-215865 Since an ultrasonic motor can be directly provided with an output extraction member such as a gear on a moving body that is frictionally driven by vibration of a vibrating body without using an output shaft, the mechanism can be thinned and simplified.
JP-A-11-215865

しかしながら移動体に設けた歯車等の出力取り出し部材を介して伝達部材に出力を伝えようとすると、振動体の振動が移動体に設けられた出力取り出し部材を介して伝達部材に漏れてしまい、超音波モータの出力が低下してしまう場合があった。   However, if an attempt is made to transmit the output to the transmission member via an output extraction member such as a gear provided on the movable body, the vibration of the vibration body leaks to the transmission member via the output extraction member provided on the movable body. The output of the sonic motor may be reduced.

また、プラスチックの射出成形によって移動体を構成した場合には移動体の振動体との接触部は耐摩耗性、並びに大きな剛性を得るためにカーボンファイバーを含有したエンジニヤリングプラスチックが使用されるが、このような材料では小型な歯車の成形が出来ないため移動体の摺動部と歯車を別材料で成形し、両者を例えば打ち込みにより結合することが行なわれている（特許文献1及び図７参照）。しかしながらこのような構造では振動体の振動（変位）に追従する移動体の振動は移動体の摺動部と歯車の間の結合部で漏れてしまい超音波モータの出力が低下してしまっていた。また、この結合部での振動の漏れは個々の移動体で異なるため超音波モータ個々の特性のばらつきは大きくなってしまった。これは移動体の摺動部と歯車を接着剤等によって接合して結合する場合も大小に差はあっても同様である。   In addition, when the moving body is configured by plastic injection molding, the contact portion of the moving body with the vibrating body is wear resistant, and engineering plastic containing carbon fiber is used to obtain large rigidity. Since such a material cannot form a small gear, the sliding portion of the moving body and the gear are formed of different materials, and the two are coupled by, for example, driving (see Patent Document 1 and FIG. 7). ). However, in such a structure, the vibration of the moving body that follows the vibration (displacement) of the vibrating body leaks at the joint between the sliding portion of the moving body and the gear, and the output of the ultrasonic motor is reduced. . In addition, since the leakage of vibration at the coupling portion is different for each moving body, the variation in the characteristics of each ultrasonic motor has increased. This also applies to the case where the sliding portion of the moving body and the gear are joined and bonded with an adhesive or the like, regardless of the size.

そこで、上記課題を解決する為に本発明の超音波モータは圧電素子を有する振動体と、
振動体の振動により摩擦駆動される移動体と、移動体に設けられた出力取り出し部材と、
を有するとともに、移動体は振動体との接触方向に厚みが増大した凸部を有し、出力取り出し部材は移動体の凸部に設けた構造とした。 Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the ultrasonic motor of the present invention includes a vibrating body having a piezoelectric element,
A moving body that is frictionally driven by vibration of the vibrating body, an output take-out member provided on the moving body,
The movable body has a convex portion whose thickness increases in the contact direction with the vibrating body, and the output takeout member is provided on the convex portion of the movable body.

また、別の例としては移動体には振動体との接触部と出力取り出し部材との間に厚みが薄い溝部を有する構造とした。   As another example, the movable body has a thin groove portion between the contact portion with the vibrating body and the output extraction member.

そして、超音波モータを駆動源とする電子機器において、超音波モータの出力取り出し部材の動作に伴い動作する伝達部材と、伝達部材により駆動される稼動部材を有する構成とした。   And in the electronic device which uses an ultrasonic motor as a drive source, it was set as the structure which has the transmission member which operate | moves with operation | movement of the output extraction member of an ultrasonic motor, and the operation member driven by a transmission member.

本発明によれば超音波モータ、更には電子機器の小型薄型化が可能になると共に、出力が大きく個々のばらつきの小さな超音波モータ付き電子機器が実現できる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size and thickness of an ultrasonic motor and further to an electronic device, and it is possible to realize an electronic device with an ultrasonic motor that has a large output and small individual variations.

（実施の形態１）
本発明の実施の形態1を図1を基に説明する。円板形状の振動体2には圧電素子3が接着されている。振動体2の振動の節となる中心部は支持板4に打ち込まれた中心軸5で支持されている。移動体1の中央に設けられた軸受け40は中心軸5で回転可能に案内されている。移動体1は振動体2の径方向に対する振動の振幅最大部に設けられた突起2aと接している。移動体1の中央部、即ち移動体1と突起2aの接触位置よりも内周側には振動体2との接触方向に厚みが増大した凸部1aを有している。凸部1aには出力取り出し部材6が打ち込み固定されている。出力取り出し部材6の回転中心上に設けられたピボット６ａは 支持板4に固定されたばね押さえ8に固定されたばね7で加圧され、移動体1と突起2aの接触圧が与えられる。移動体1は振動体1の振動による力を移動体1と突起2aの間の摩擦力を介して受け回転する。出力取り出し部材6の外周には歯車６ｂが設けられており、移動体1の回転力は歯車６ｂと噛み合う歯車を有する伝達部材9に伝えられる。伝達部材9は回転軸9aを有しており、支持板４に設けられた軸受け10で回転可能に案内される。移動体1は凸部1aと一体に成形されており、突起2aによる振動は剛性が他の部分よりも高い凸部1aを介して出力取り出し部材6には伝わらない為、出力取り出し部材6と移動体1の接続部分で振動漏れを起こすことはない。また同時に伝達部材9を介して外部に漏れることもない。軸受け40も凸部1aと断面的に重なる位置（凸部1aの外径内）に設けられている為、軸受け40と移動体1の結合部で振動漏れを起こす恐れもない。出力取り出し部材6は歯車の他、カムやレバー等でも構わない。尚、当然のことながら移動体1と出力取り出し部材6は一体に形成されていても良い。 (Embodiment 1)
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A piezoelectric element 3 is bonded to the disc-shaped vibrating body 2. A central portion serving as a vibration node of the vibrating body 2 is supported by a central shaft 5 driven into the support plate 4. A bearing 40 provided at the center of the moving body 1 is guided rotatably around the central shaft 5. The moving body 1 is in contact with a protrusion 2a provided at a vibration amplitude maximum portion with respect to the radial direction of the vibrating body 2. A convex portion 1a having a thickness increased in the contact direction with the vibrating body 2 is provided at the center of the moving body 1, that is, on the inner peripheral side of the contact position between the moving body 1 and the protrusion 2a. An output take-out member 6 is driven and fixed to the convex portion 1a. The pivot 6a provided on the rotation center of the output take-out member 6 is pressurized by a spring 7 fixed to a spring retainer 8 fixed to the support plate 4, and a contact pressure between the moving body 1 and the protrusion 2a is given. The moving body 1 rotates by receiving the force generated by the vibration of the vibrating body 1 via the frictional force between the moving body 1 and the protrusion 2a. A gear 6b is provided on the outer periphery of the output take-out member 6, and the rotational force of the moving body 1 is transmitted to a transmission member 9 having a gear meshing with the gear 6b. The transmission member 9 has a rotation shaft 9 a and is guided rotatably by a bearing 10 provided on the support plate 4. The moving body 1 is formed integrally with the convex portion 1a, and the vibration caused by the projection 2a is not transmitted to the output extraction member 6 via the convex portion 1a having higher rigidity than the other portions. There is no vibration leakage at the connection part of body 1. At the same time, it does not leak outside through the transmission member 9. Since the bearing 40 is also provided at a position that overlaps the convex portion 1a (inside the outer diameter of the convex portion 1a), there is no possibility of causing vibration leakage at the coupling portion between the bearing 40 and the moving body 1. The output take-out member 6 may be a cam, a lever or the like in addition to a gear. As a matter of course, the moving body 1 and the output take-out member 6 may be integrally formed.

（実施の形態2）
図2を基に実施の形態2を説明する。ここでは実施の形態1との差異のみを説明する。移動体11は軸受け12が設けられると共にピボット11e、出力取り出し部となる歯車11ｄを有する中央部11ｃと、突起2aと接する11aと、両者（11ｃ、11a）よりも厚みが薄く両者を繋ぐ薄肉部分11ｂからなっている。移動体11は全体が一体的に射出成形等によって形成されている。振動体2の振動は薄肉部分11ｂおよび中央の厚肉部11ｃで絶縁され、歯車11ｄには伝わらない。従って歯車11ｄのみは移動体11と別体で作製し、接合しても良い。このような構造とすることで出力取り出し部材も含めた移動体の薄型化が実現できる。 (Embodiment 2)
A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, only differences from the first embodiment will be described. The moving body 11 is provided with a bearing 12 and has a pivot 11e, a central portion 11c having a gear 11d as an output take-out portion, 11a in contact with the projection 2a, and a thin portion that is thinner than both (11c, 11a) and connects the two. It consists of 11b. The entire moving body 11 is integrally formed by injection molding or the like. The vibration of the vibrating body 2 is insulated by the thin portion 11b and the central thick portion 11c and is not transmitted to the gear 11d. Therefore, only the gear 11d may be produced separately from the moving body 11 and joined. With such a structure, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the moving body including the output takeout member.

（実施の形態3）
図3を基に実施の形態3を説明する。ここでは実施の形態1との差異のみを説明する。移動体13には軸受け15が設けられている。移動体13の凸部13aにはキー溝13ｂが設けられ、歯車14ｃを有する出力取り出し部材14のキー14ｂと回転不能に係合されている。ピボット14ｄは出力取り出し部材14に一体に設けられているが別体で設けても構わない。 (Embodiment 3)
A third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, only differences from the first embodiment will be described. The moving body 13 is provided with a bearing 15. The convex portion 13a of the moving body 13 is provided with a key groove 13b, and is non-rotatably engaged with the key 14b of the output takeout member 14 having the gear 14c. The pivot 14d is provided integrally with the output extraction member 14, but may be provided separately.

この様に、キー等の結合手段を用いても超音波モータの出力特性に影響を与えず、個々の超音波モータのばらつきの原因にもならない。   In this way, the use of a coupling means such as a key does not affect the output characteristics of the ultrasonic motor and does not cause variations in individual ultrasonic motors.

（実施の形態4）
図4、図5を基に実施の形態4を説明する。ここでは実施の形態1との差異のみを説明する。図4において移動体16の中央には軸受け18及びピボット17が設けられている。突起2aと接する部分16aの外側には移動体16の表裏、全周に渡って溝16ｂが設けられている。溝16ｂの外側には最外周に歯車を有する肉厚部16ｃを有している。このような構造とすることで突起2aの振動は出力伝達部材となる歯車に伝わらない。 (Embodiment 4)
A fourth embodiment will be described based on FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. Here, only differences from the first embodiment will be described. In FIG. 4, a bearing 18 and a pivot 17 are provided at the center of the moving body 16. Grooves 16b are provided on the outer surface of the portion 16a in contact with the protrusion 2a over the entire front and back of the moving body 16. On the outer side of the groove 16b, there is a thick portion 16c having a gear on the outermost periphery. With this structure, the vibration of the protrusion 2a is not transmitted to the gear serving as the output transmission member.

図5は図4の変形例である。移動体19の中央には軸受け21及びピボット20が設けられている。突起2aと接する部分19aの外側には移動体19の裏面、全周に渡って溝19ｂが設けられている。溝19ｂの外側には最外周に歯車を有する肉厚部19ｃを有している。   FIG. 5 is a modification of FIG. A bearing 21 and a pivot 20 are provided at the center of the moving body 19. On the outer side of the portion 19a in contact with the projection 2a, a groove 19b is provided over the entire back surface of the moving body 19. On the outer side of the groove 19b, there is a thick portion 19c having a gear on the outermost periphery.

（実施の形態5）
図6は本発明の超音波モータを用いた電子機器の一例としてデジタルカメラのオートフォーカス機構の例を示す。 (Embodiment 5)
FIG. 6 shows an example of an autofocus mechanism of a digital camera as an example of an electronic apparatus using the ultrasonic motor of the present invention.

本発明の超音波モータは圧電素子1３が接着され、突起2aを有する円板形状の振動体2と、振動体2の中心を固定する中心軸5が固定された支持板4と、中心に軸受け22を有し、中心軸5で回転案内される移動体24と、移動体24の回転中心軸上にある凸部24ｂに設けられた出力取り出し部材29と、出力取り出し部材29の先端に設けられた半球形状のピボット29ｂとピボット29ｂに加圧力を与え、振動体2と移動体24との間に摩擦力を働かせる加圧ばね28からなる。移動体24は全体が一体に作られており、移動体24と突起2aとの接触部と出力取り出し部材29との間に溝24ａが設けられている。ところで、この溝や凸部の構造を含めた移動体の構造は実施の形態1から5に示したものに該当するものであればどれでも構わない。   The ultrasonic motor of the present invention has a disc-shaped vibrating body 2 having a projection 2a to which a piezoelectric element 13 is bonded, a support plate 4 to which a central shaft 5 for fixing the center of the vibrating body 2 is fixed, and a bearing at the center. 22, a movable body 24 that is rotated and guided by the central shaft 5, an output extraction member 29 provided on the convex portion 24 b on the rotational central axis of the movable body 24, and provided at the tip of the output extraction member 29. Further, the hemispherical pivot 29b and the pressure spring 28 are used to apply pressure to the pivot 29b and to exert a frictional force between the vibrating body 2 and the moving body 24. The entire moving body 24 is integrally formed, and a groove 24 a is provided between the contact portion between the moving body 24 and the protrusion 2 a and the output takeout member 29. By the way, the structure of the moving body including the structure of the grooves and the protrusions may be any as long as it corresponds to those shown in the first to fifth embodiments.

加圧ばね28及び支持板4はケーシング27に夫々ねじ26、25により固定される。移動体24に設けられた出力取り出し部材29の外周には雄ねじ29aが、雄ねじ29aと系合するように稼動部材30には雌ねじ30aが設けられている。また、稼動部材30の案内部30b、30ｃはケーシング27に固定された案内軸31、34で案内され矢印36の方向に移動可能に構成されている。   The pressure spring 28 and the support plate 4 are fixed to the casing 27 by screws 26 and 25, respectively. A male screw 29a is provided on the outer periphery of the output take-out member 29 provided on the moving body 24, and a female screw 30a is provided on the operating member 30 so as to be coupled with the male screw 29a. Further, the guide portions 30 b and 30 c of the operating member 30 are guided by guide shafts 31 and 34 fixed to the casing 27 and are movable in the direction of the arrow 36.

圧電素子3に接続されたリード23に駆動信号を印加すると圧電素子3を有する振動体2は振動し、振動体2に設けられた突起2aにより特定方向成分の振動が移動体24に伝えられ、移動体24は回転する。移動体24の回転により出力取り出し部材29、すなわち雄ねじ29aも回転することで雌ねじ29aを有する稼動部材30は矢印36の方向に移動する。   When a drive signal is applied to the lead 23 connected to the piezoelectric element 3, the vibrating body 2 having the piezoelectric element 3 vibrates, and the vibration of a specific direction component is transmitted to the moving body 24 by the protrusion 2a provided on the vibrating body 2, The moving body 24 rotates. As the moving body 24 rotates, the output take-out member 29, that is, the male screw 29a also rotates, so that the operating member 30 having the female screw 29a moves in the direction of the arrow 36.

ケーシング27にはCCDやC-MOSセンサからなる撮像素子32が、稼動部材30にはレンズ33a、33ｂが設けられており、レンズ33a、33ｂを稼動することでオートフォーカス機構が実現できる。また同様の機構でズーム機構も実現可能であるし、稼動部材30にピックアップを設ければCD-ROM,DVD等の情報記録機器におけるピックアップの駆動が実現できる。   The casing 27 is provided with an imaging element 32 made of a CCD or C-MOS sensor, and the operating member 30 is provided with lenses 33a and 33b. By operating the lenses 33a and 33b, an autofocus mechanism can be realized. In addition, a zoom mechanism can be realized by the same mechanism, and if a pickup is provided in the operating member 30, the pickup can be driven in an information recording device such as a CD-ROM or DVD.

ここで稼動部材30とケーシング27の間に与圧ばね35を設けることで雄ねじ29aと雌ねじ30aの間のがたがなくなる。そしてこの与圧ばね35のばね力は稼動部材30の稼動方向に関わらず振動体2と移動体24の間に接触圧を生じさせる方向に働くため移動体24の出力トルクは低下しない。   Here, by providing the pressurizing spring 35 between the operating member 30 and the casing 27, rattling between the male screw 29a and the female screw 30a is eliminated. The spring force of the pressurizing spring 35 acts in a direction in which a contact pressure is generated between the vibrating body 2 and the moving body 24 regardless of the operating direction of the operating member 30, so that the output torque of the moving body 24 does not decrease.

本発明の超音波モータは歯車や送りねじによって駆動される稼動部を有する電子機器に効力を発揮し、時計における駆動機構の他、情報記録機器における読み取り、書き込みヘッドの駆動、並びにデジタルカメラ、ビデオカメラ等におけるレンズの駆動等様々な電子機器の駆動源として適用可能である。   The ultrasonic motor of the present invention is effective for an electronic device having an operating portion driven by a gear or a feed screw. In addition to a driving mechanism in a watch, reading in an information recording device, driving of a writing head, digital camera, video It can be applied as a drive source for various electronic devices such as a lens drive in a camera or the like.

本発明の実施の形態1の超音波モータの構成を示す図である。1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an ultrasonic motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施の形態2の移動体の断面を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cross section of a moving body according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施の形態3の移動体の断面を示す図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a cross section of a moving body according to a third embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施の形態4の移動体の断面を示す図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a cross section of a moving body according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施の形態4の移動体の別の例の断面を示す図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a cross section of another example of the moving object according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施の形態5の電子機器の構成を示す図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of an electronic device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. 従来の超音波モータの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the conventional ultrasonic motor.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

3 圧電素子
2 振動体
1,11,13,16,19,24 移動体
6,11d,14,16c,19c,29 出力取り出し部材
9,30a 伝達部材
30 稼動部材
7,28 加圧ばね
12,15,18,21,22,40 軸受け
4 支持板
5中心軸 3 Piezoelectric element
2 Vibrating body
1,11,13,16,19,24 Mobile
6,11d, 14,16c, 19c, 29 Output extraction member
9,30a Transmission member
30 Working parts
7,28 Pressure spring
12,15,18,21,22,40 Bearing
4 Support plate
5 center axis

Claims (4)

圧電素子を有する振動体と、
前記振動体の振動により摩擦駆動されるエンジニヤリングプラスチックからなる移動体と、
を有する超音波モータにおいて、
前記移動体に設けられ前記振動体との接触方向に厚みが増大した凸部と、
前記移動体とは別体で構成され、前記凸部よりも径が大きく、回転不能に係合され前記凸部により前記振動体へ向う方向への動きと前記移動体の回転方向への動きを規制される出力取り出し部材と、を有することを特徴とする超音波モータ。 A vibrating body having a piezoelectric element;
A moving body made of an engineering plastic that is frictionally driven by vibration of the vibrating body;
In an ultrasonic motor having
A convex portion provided on the movable body and having a thickness increased in a contact direction with the vibrating body;
The movable body is formed separately from the moving body, and has a diameter larger than that of the convex portion, and is engaged so as not to rotate. An ultrasonic motor comprising: a regulated output takeout member. 前記出力取り出し部材は歯車であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の超音波モータ。   The ultrasonic motor according to claim 1, wherein the output extraction member is a gear. 前記移動体の回転を案内する軸受けは前記移動体の凸部と厚み方向に重なる位置に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の超音波モータ。   The ultrasonic motor according to claim 1, wherein a bearing for guiding the rotation of the moving body is provided at a position overlapping with a convex portion of the moving body in a thickness direction. 請求項１から３のうちいずれか１項に記載の超音波モータと、前記超音波モータの出力取り出し部材の動作に伴い動作する伝達部材と、前記伝達部材により駆動される稼動部材と、を有することを特徴とする電子機器。   4. The ultrasonic motor according to claim 1, a transmission member that operates in accordance with an operation of an output extraction member of the ultrasonic motor, and an operation member that is driven by the transmission member. An electronic device characterized by that.
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