JP4742885B2 - Clutch actuator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a clutch actuator that controls connection / disconnection of a clutch.

  In recent years, with regard to transmission, MT-based automated manual transmission (hereinafter referred to as “AMT”) has attracted attention due to its good fuel efficiency, and various companies are focusing on development. In particular, in view of the trend in the European market, compact cars occupy a large proportion as AMT listed models, and there is a demand for downsizing of clutch actuators.

  For example, in Patent Document 1 by the applicant of the present application, a motor in the clutch actuator is provided by providing an assist mechanism (assist spring) that assists the rotating body in the clutch actuator that drives the output rod in a direction opposite to the load on the clutch side. Attempts have been made to reduce the size.

Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a friction clutch provided with a rear adjusting device for compensating for wear of a clutch disk (lining) in the clutch cover.
JP 2004-35395 A JP-A-5-215150

  As shown in FIG. 8, in the clutch actuator having an assist mechanism inside as in Patent Document 1 described above, when it is new, a load necessary for clutch operation (see A cover load (new) in FIG. 8), The balance with the assist mechanism (see the assist mechanism in the B actuator in FIG. 8) is kept moderate, and the work of the motor (indicated current [I]) is kept within a certain range as shown by the line C in FIG. However, as the wear of the clutch disc progresses, the load required for clutch operation increases (see A 'cover load (after wear) in FIG. 8) and the assist mechanism (see the assist mechanism in the B actuator in FIG. 8). There is a problem that the balance is lost and the work of the motor increases with time as indicated by the line C ′ in FIG. For this reason, a motor that takes into account the increase in work of the motor is required, and it is difficult to reduce the size of the clutch actuator.

  Although it is possible to use the clutch described in Patent Document 2, the clutch described in the publication can move the diaphragm spring in the axial direction (fulcrum height correction) by the balance between the support force and the diaphragm spring force with respect to the diaphragm spring. Since this is performed, there is a problem that the variation is large. Moreover, the conventional manual transmission clutch is more advantageous in terms of cost.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a clutch actuator that can be reduced in cost and reduced in size, and that can accurately compensate for wear of the clutch disk, and a clutch actuator thereof. It is to provide an automatic transmission device used.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a motor, a wheel rotated by the motor, an output rod connected to the wheel and having an output end stroked as the wheel rotates, and connected to the wheel And an assisting means for assisting the rotation of the wheel, the output end of the output rod is stroked by the output of the motor and the assisting force of the assisting means, and the clutch is operated against the spring reaction force of the clutch. A clutch actuator for connecting / disconnecting control, comprising an assisting force adjusting mechanism for adjusting the assisting force of the assisting means so that the output of the motor for causing the output rod to stroke a unit amount is within a predetermined range; A clutch actuator is provided. More specifically, an assist spring having one end supported by the wheel and the other end supported by the assist force adjusting mechanism is used as the assist means, and the assist force adjusting mechanism supports the other end of the assist spring. And a support position at the other end of the assist spring is moved by rotating the arm member about a fulcrum.

The front Symbol assisting force adjusting mechanism can be made to adjust the assisting force of the assist means in response to changes in the spring reaction force of the clutch.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the output end of the output rod is accommodated, and a master cylinder that generates hydraulic pressure according to the stroke of the output rod communicates with the master cylinder, A slave cylinder that controls connection / disconnection of the clutch against a spring reaction force of the clutch according to a hydraulic pressure generated by the master cylinder; and a hydraulic piston that rotates the arm member of the assisting force adjusting mechanism. The clutch actuator is characterized in that the hydraulic pressure generated by the master cylinder is introduced into the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic piston.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is further provided a clutch actuator characterized in that the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic piston communicates with a hydraulic power source via a solenoid valve.

  According to the present invention, the output required for the power source can be kept within a certain range regardless of the wear of the clutch disk. Therefore, the clutch actuator and thus the automatic transmission can be reduced in size and cost. Is possible.

  Next, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle system including an automatic transmission (AMT) according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a dry single-plate friction clutch 40 is assembled to an output shaft (crankshaft) of the engine 30, and an automatic transmission 50 is connected via the friction clutch 40.

  The engine 30 includes a throttle valve for adjusting the amount of intake air, a throttle sensor for detecting the opening of the throttle valve (throttle opening), and a throttle actuator for opening and closing the throttle valve, and is controlled by the ECU 60. Is done.

  The friction clutch 40 includes a flywheel 41 fixed to the crankshaft of the engine 30, a clutch fading 43 fixed to both outer peripheral surfaces, and a clutch disk 42 that is spline connected to the input shaft of the automatic transmission 50 and rotates integrally. A pressure plate 44, which is a clutch assembly fixed to the flywheel 41, a diaphragm spring 45, a clutch cover 46 and a hydraulic direct cylinder 47 is configured.

  The friction clutch 40 changes the amount of rotation transmitted between the flywheel 41 and the clutch disk 42 by changing the pressure load of the clutch disk 42 against the flywheel 41 via the hydraulic direct cylinder 47, the diaphragm spring 45 and the pressure plate 44. It can be increased or decreased.

  The clutch actuator 1 rotates an output wheel (wheel) 5 by driving the DC electric motor 2 through a speed reducer 4 formed of a worm gear formed on the output shaft of the DC electric motor (motor) 2. The master cylinder 7 is operated by moving the output rod 6 connected to the output wheel 5 by a pivot pin forward or backward (stroke, advance / retreat). The output wheel 5 is connected to the outer peripheral side of an assist spring (supporting means) 3 which is supported and elastically supported by a support arm (arm member) 14 to disconnect the clutch 40 (disengage the clutch) (see FIG. Assist force (assist force) is generated counterclockwise (1), and the output wheel 5 can be rotated with a smaller output (torque) of the DC electric motor 2.

  For example, in the initial state of FIG. 1, the pressure plate 44 via a diaphragm spring 45 that generates a hydraulic direct cylinder (slave cylinder) 47 and a spring reaction force of the clutch 40 (force that urges the pressure plate 44 in the separating direction). A pressure load is applied to the flywheel 41, and a pressure load of the clutch disc 42 to the flywheel 41 is applied, so that rotation from the engine 30 side can be transmitted. On the other hand, when the hydraulic direct cylinder 47 is actuated, the diaphragm spring 45 is deformed, and the pressure-bonding load of the clutch disc 42 to the flywheel 41 is reduced.

  In the clutch actuator 1, a hydraulic piston 13 is disposed in contact with a support arm 14 to which a fulcrum 16 of the assist spring 3 is connected in order to adjust the assisting force of the assist spring 3. When the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pressure source 8 is introduced via the solenoid valve 9, the hydraulic piston 10, and the check ball valve 12, the support arm 14 can be pushed up and held. The pushed-up support arm 14 moves the fulcrum 16 of the assist spring 3 with the shaft 15 as a fulcrum, and increases the assisting force of the assist spring 3.

  On the other hand, when the solenoid valve 17 is opened and the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic piston 13 is discharged via the hydraulic piston 18, the pushed up support arm 14 moves the assist spring fulcrum 16 downward with the shaft 15 as a fulcrum. The assisting force of the assist spring 3 can be reduced.

  The automatic transmission 50 includes an input shaft and an output shaft. The input shaft is connected so as to be able to transmit power from the friction clutch 40 side, and the output shaft is connected so as to be able to transmit power to an axle (not shown). ing. Further, the automatic transmission 50 is provided with a shift actuator group for operating the shift stage switching, and a plurality of shift stages can be configured by the control of the ECU 60.

  The ECU 60 is mainly composed of a microcomputer (CPU), and includes a ROM that stores various programs and maps, a RAM that can read and write various data, an EEPROM that can hold data without a backup power source, and the like. In addition to the clutch stroke sensor not shown, various sensors such as a throttle sensor, an accelerator sensor, an engine speed sensor, an input shaft speed sensor, an output speed sensor, a shift sensor, and a gear sensor are connected.

  The ECU 60 functions as a shift control device for the automatic transmission according to the program installed therein, and drives the clutch actuator 1 and the shift actuator group based on the input values from the various sensors described above, so The shift control according to the driving intention is performed, and the solenoid valves 9 and 17 are controlled to change (adjust) the assist force (assist force) of the assist spring 3 to be described later.

  Hereinafter, the operation of changing the assisting force of the assist spring will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the clutch actuator 1 and the friction clutch 40 of FIG. 1 more specifically. Referring to FIG. 2, the motor 2 is shown as a power source for operating the output wheel 5 and the output rod, and a configuration having an oil pump as the hydraulic power source 8 is shown.

  Further, according to FIG. 2, the oil discharged from the oil pump is guided to the oil chamber of the master cylinder 7 and supplied to the oil passage leading to the solenoid valve 9, but the solenoid valve 9 is closed. The support arm 14 and the fulcrum 16 of the assist spring 3 are also in the initial position. FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the clutch cover load in this state (spring reaction force of the clutch 40) and the assist force (assist mechanism assist force) by the assist spring (see lines A and B in FIG. 4).

  Due to wear of the clutch fading 43, a large clutch cover load is required, and when the balance at the time of shipment (new article) is lost (see A, A 'and B in FIG. 8), it is necessary to cover the shortage with the motor output. Come (see C ′ in FIG. 9). When the energization current to the motor for operating the output rod 6 by a predetermined amount becomes equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value a, the ECU 60 opens the solenoid valve 9 and goes through the hydraulic piston 10 to the hydraulic piston. A fixed amount of oil discharged from the oil pump is supplied to the 13 oil chambers. Since the backflow is prevented by the check ball valve 12, the oil supplied to the oil chamber of the hydraulic piston 13 pushes up the hydraulic piston 13 by a predetermined amount, and the state shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the support arm 14 is pushed up by the hydraulic piston 13, the fulcrum 16 of the assist spring 3 is pushed up, and the assisting force is increased as shown by the line B 'in FIG. It becomes. Since the assisting force of the assist spring 3 is increased with respect to the increase in the clutch cover load, the energization current to the motor is again within the same range as that of the new product, as indicated by C 'in FIG.

  During normal clutch operation, the oil valve to the hydraulic piston 13 is closed by the solenoid valve 9, so that the position of the assist spring fulcrum 16 is fixed as it is. Therefore, in accordance with the wear of the clutch fading 43 with time, the control for moving the support end of the assist spring (assisting means) is repeated as appropriate so that the motor work (output) achieved by the energization current of the motor falls within a predetermined range. As a result, the work of the motor can always be kept at C as in a new product.

  In addition, according to the oil passage configuration of FIGS. 1 to 3, the drain oil passage composed of the solenoid valve 17 and the hydraulic piston 18 communicating with the oil chamber of the hydraulic piston 13 is provided. Return processing is also possible.

  For example, the ECU 60 opens the solenoid valve 17 at a stage where the energization current to the motor becomes a predetermined threshold value b (b <a) or less, and the oil in the hydraulic piston 13 passes through the hydraulic piston 18. When oil is discharged from the chamber, the hydraulic piston 13 is pushed down by the amount of oil discharged.

  Of course, since the solenoid valve 17 is also normally closed, the position of the assist spring fulcrum 16 at the time of clutch operation is fixed.

  As described above, by making it possible to adjust the fulcrum 16 of the assist spring 3 in both the increasing and decreasing directions, it becomes possible to compensate for the clutch wear change with high accuracy. Further, since the fulcrum 16 of the assist spring 3 can be returned as described above, the motor work can be adjusted to be kept constant even when a load change in the direction opposite to the wear of the clutch fading 43 occurs. It becomes.

  In the first embodiment described above, the fulcrum 16 of the assist spring 3 is moved by the solenoid valve 9 that supplies the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic power source 8 to the hydraulic piston 13, but it is also possible to provide another power source. is there.

  Subsequently, a second embodiment of the present invention using a second motor added as a power source for moving the assist spring fulcrum 16 will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the clutch actuator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the following, parts different from the first embodiment will be described.

  Referring to FIG. 6, a second DC electric motor 24 (second motor) is disposed below the support arm 14 instead of the oil path for driving the support arm 14 of the first embodiment. The DC electric motor 24 is configured to be able to move the support arm 14 up and down via a speed reducer (not shown), and constitutes an assisting force length adjusting mechanism. According to the present embodiment, a DC electric motor needs to be added, but the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be realized with a simplified configuration.

  The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the assist force that makes the biasing force applied to the rotating member inside the actuator variable. It goes without saying that various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, which is provided with an adjusting mechanism and can compensate for wear of clutch fading.

  For example, in the embodiment described above, an example of an automatic transmission that includes the master cylinder 7 and the hydraulic direct cylinder 47 and that connects and disconnects the clutch by hydraulic pressure has been described. However, as shown in FIG. Needless to say, the present invention is also applicable to a mechanical automatic clutch that connects and disconnects the clutch. Also in this case, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the fulcrum 16 of the assist spring 3 is moved by hydraulic pressure by providing a hydraulic pressure source that drives the support arm 14.

  Further, for example, in the above-described embodiment, the support arm 14 is arranged and the fulcrum 16 of the assist spring 3 is moved obliquely. However, the fulcrum 16 is moved in the direction of the spring axis of the assist spring 3. It is also possible to adopt the following configuration.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle system including an automatic transmission according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing the detailed structure (helping force and initial value) of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure showing the detailed structure (after assisting force and correction | amendment) of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure showing the structure of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure showing the deformation | transformation structure of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the conventional actuator for clutches. It is a figure for demonstrating the conventional actuator for clutches.

Explanation of symbols

1 Clutch actuator 2 (DC electric) motor 3 Assist spring 4 Reducer 5 Output wheel (rotating member)
6 Output rod 7 Master cylinder 8 Hydraulic source (oil pump)
9, 17 Solenoid valve (solenoid valve)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hydraulic piston 11, 12 Check ball valve 13, 18 Hydraulic piston 14 Support arm 15 (support arm) axis | shaft 16 (assist spring) fulcrum 24 DC electric motor (2nd power source)
30 Engine 40 Friction clutch 50 Automatic transmission 60 ECU (Electronic Control Unit)
41 Flywheel 42 Clutch Disc 43 Clutch Fading 44 Pressure Plate 45 Diaphragm Spring 46 Clutch Cover 47 Hydraulic Direct Cylinder 48 Release Fork

Claims (3)

A motor, a wheel rotated by the motor, an output rod connected to the wheel and having an output end stroked as the wheel rotates, and an assisting means connected to the wheel and assisting the rotation of the wheel; A clutch actuator that strokes the output end of the output rod by the output of the motor and the assisting force of the assisting means, and controls connection / disconnection of the clutch against a spring reaction force of the clutch,
So that the output of the motor for the unit weight stroke said output rod within a predetermined range, Bei give a assist force adjusting mechanism for adjusting the assisting force of the assist means,
The assisting means is an assist spring having one end supported by the wheel and the other end supported by the assisting force adjusting mechanism,
The assisting force adjusting mechanism has an arm member that supports the other end of the assist spring,
Moving the support position of the other end of the assist spring by rotating the arm member about a fulcrum;
Clutch actuator characterized by Furthermore,
A master cylinder that accommodates the output end of the output rod and generates hydraulic pressure according to a stroke of the output rod;
A slave cylinder that communicates with the master cylinder and controls connection / disconnection of the clutch against a spring reaction force of the clutch according to a hydraulic pressure generated by the master cylinder;
A hydraulic piston for rotating the arm member of the assisting force adjusting mechanism,
The hydraulic pressure generated by the master cylinder is introduced into the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic piston;
The clutch actuator according to claim 1 . The clutch actuator according to claim 2 , wherein the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic piston communicates with a hydraulic pressure source via a solenoid valve.

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