JP4731176B2

JP4731176B2 - Ventilation insulated roof

Info

Publication number: JP4731176B2
Application number: JP2005035549A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 鮎美佐藤; 秀雄藤田
Original assignee: 秀雄藤田
Priority date: 2005-02-14
Filing date: 2005-02-14
Publication date: 2011-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2025-02-14
Also published as: JP2006219923A

Description

本発明は、鉄骨を下地材とした通気断熱屋根に関する。 The present invention relates to a ventilation heat insulating roof using a steel frame as a base material.

建物の屋根裏空間部の熱気を二重屋根と外壁の空気流通路を利用してコントロールし、夏涼しく冬暖かい住環境を実現した温度制御システムが従来知られている（例えば特許文献１参照）。また、屋根板の下面と下地材との間に空気層を形成した屋根が従来知られている（例えば特許文献２参照）。
特開２００３−２４７７３４号公報特開２００３−１６１００４号公報 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a temperature control system that controls hot air in an attic space of a building using a double roof and an air flow passage on an outer wall to realize a living environment that is cool in summer and warm in winter is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Moreover, the roof which formed the air layer between the lower surface of a roof board | substrate and the base material is conventionally known (for example, refer patent document 2).
JP 2003-247734 A JP 2003-161004 A

Ｃ型鋼など鉄骨からなる細長い骨格部材を同一平面上に所定間隔を存して複数配列し、該骨格部材を支持材により支持して、屋根の下地とする工法が従来知られている。骨格部材には、通常、直接金属の屋根板が固定されて、屋根が構築される。この場合、骨格部材はかなり間隔を存して配列されているため、骨格部材を下地とする金属屋根は、薄い１枚の金属板のみが内外を画する構造となり、断熱効果がほとんどなく、強度的に優れていても、夏暑く、冬寒い屋根となってしまう。また、このような骨格部材上に金属屋根を構築したものは、屋根の雪が溶け、その水が凍り、ダムの状態になり、このダムに雪解けの水が逆流して天井裏等にしみ込み、水漏れを起こす「すがもれ」が発生し易いという問題点がある。
本発明は上記問題点を解決することを目的とするものである。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a construction method in which a plurality of elongated skeleton members made of steel such as C-shaped steel are arranged on the same plane with a predetermined interval, and the skeleton members are supported by a support material, is used as a foundation for a roof. Usually, a metal roof plate is directly fixed to the skeleton member, and the roof is constructed. In this case, since the skeleton members are arranged at a considerable interval, the metal roof with the skeleton member as a base has a structure in which only one thin metal plate defines the inside and outside, there is almost no heat insulation effect, and the strength Even if it is excellent, the roof becomes hot in summer and cold in winter. In addition, when building a metal roof on such a skeletal member, the snow on the roof melts, the water freezes, it becomes a dam state, the water from the snow melts back into this dam and soaks into the back of the ceiling, etc. There is a problem that “smearing” that causes water leakage is likely to occur.
The present invention aims to solve the above problems.

上記目的を達成するため本発明は、同一平面上に所定の間隔を存して配列された複数本の細長い金属製の骨格部材と、前記骨格部材の複数の所定位置に固定配置された吊り子と、帯状の長尺状の平板部の両側部に該平板部に対して直角な立ち上がり部が形成され、該立ち上がり部の上部が水平方向と垂直方向に屈折されて係合部が形成され、前記骨格部材上に複数配列され、互いの隣接する係合部が前記吊り子を介して係合する下地屋根板と、前記下地屋根板の各係合部の上部に載置され、該下地屋根板との間に各立ち上がり部ごとに区画された空気室を形成する１枚又は複数枚の断熱下地板と、前記断熱下地板の上面に配設された金属製の屋根板とを備え、前記空気室の開口端を屋外に対向させ空気室を屋外と連通させたものである。
また本発明は、前記各下地屋根板の各平板部に通気孔を設け、前記空気室と前記下地屋根板の下方側を連通したものである。
また本発明は、前記骨格部材の下方に天井板を配設し、該天井板に通気穴を設け、該通気穴にファンを取り付け、前記空気室内の空気を前記天井板上方の屋根裏に導き、該屋根裏の空気を前記ファンによって室内に導くようにしたものである。
また本発明は、前記各下地屋根板の立ち上がり部に通気孔を設け、空気室間を連通させたものである。 To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plurality of elongated metal skeleton members arranged at a predetermined interval on the same plane, and a suspension fixedly disposed at a plurality of predetermined positions of the skeleton member. And a rising portion perpendicular to the flat plate portion is formed on both sides of the belt-like long flat plate portion, and the upper portion of the rising portion is refracted in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction to form an engaging portion, A plurality of base frames arranged on the skeleton member, and the adjacent roofs engaged with each other via the suspension, and the base roofs are placed on top of the respective engaging parts of the base roofs. One or a plurality of heat insulating base plates forming an air chamber partitioned for each rising portion between the plate and a metal roof plate disposed on the upper surface of the heat insulating base plate, The open end of the air chamber faces the outside and the air chamber communicates with the outside.
Further, according to the present invention, a vent hole is provided in each flat plate portion of each base roof plate, and the air chamber communicates with the lower side of the base roof plate.
Further, the present invention provides a ceiling plate below the skeleton member, provided a vent hole in the ceiling plate, attached a fan to the vent hole, led the air in the air chamber to the attic above the ceiling plate, The air in the attic is guided into the room by the fan.
Further, according to the present invention, vent holes are provided in the rising portions of the respective base roof plates so that the air chambers communicate with each other.

本発明は、鉄骨などの骨格部材を覆う屋根板の下部に空気室を形成したので、夏は空気室の熱い空気を外に逃がして室内を涼しくできる。また、空気室と室内を通気孔によって連通すれば、冬は空気室内の暖かい空気を室内に取り込んで室内を暖かくすることができる。また、空気室を形成する下地屋根板は、その平板部が骨格部材の載置面に水平に密着するようにしたので、空気室の体積を大きくとることができる。また屋根に形成される空気層により、すがもれを防止することができる。 In the present invention, since the air chamber is formed in the lower part of the roof plate that covers the skeleton member such as the steel frame, in the summer, the hot air in the air chamber can be released to cool the room. Further, if the air chamber communicates with the air vent through the air hole, warm air in the air chamber can be taken into the room in winter to warm the room. Moreover, since the base roof board which forms an air chamber was made to closely_contact | adhere horizontally to the mounting surface of a frame | skeleton member, the volume of an air chamber can be taken. In addition, the air layer formed on the roof can prevent smearing.

以下に本発明の実施の形態を添付した図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
図１中、符号２は屋根の骨格を構成する骨格部材であり、本実施形態では、Ｃ型鋼が用いられている。骨格部材２は、複数本互いに所定間隔を存して同一平面上に配列され、建造物の支持構造体４によって支承されている。骨格部材２の所定位置には、短尺状の吊り子６（図３参照）がビスなどの止着具により固定されている。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In FIG. 1, the code | symbol 2 is a frame | skeleton member which comprises the frame | skeleton of a roof, and C type steel is used in this embodiment. A plurality of the skeleton members 2 are arranged on the same plane at a predetermined interval, and are supported by a support structure 4 of the building. At a predetermined position of the skeleton member 2, a short-shaped hanging element 6 (see FIG. 3) is fixed by a fastening tool such as a screw.

１０は、鋼板などの長尺状の金属板からなる下地屋根板であり、複数並列状に、骨格部材２の載置平面上に、複数の骨格部材２にまたがって配置されている。各下地屋根板１０の両側部には、図４に示すように、平板部１０ａに対して直角な立ち上がり部１０ｂ，１０ｃが形成され、一方の立ち上がり部１０ｂには、平板部１０ａに対して直角に外方向に向け水平に伸びる上位水平部１０ｄと、該水平部１０ｄに対して直角に屈折された垂下部１０ｅが形成され、これらが係合部を構成している。 10 is a base roof board which consists of elongate metal plates, such as a steel plate, and is arrange | positioned across the some skeleton member 2 on the mounting plane of the skeleton member 2 in parallel. As shown in FIG. 4, rising portions 10b and 10c perpendicular to the flat plate portion 10a are formed on both sides of each base roof plate 10, and one rising portion 10b is perpendicular to the flat plate portion 10a. An upper horizontal portion 10d extending horizontally outward and a hanging portion 10e refracted at right angles to the horizontal portion 10d are formed, and these constitute an engaging portion.

下地屋根板１０の他方の立ち上がり部１０ｃには、平板部１０ａに対して水平に内方向に伸びる上位水平部１０ｆと、該水平部１０ｆに対して直角に屈折された垂下部１０ｇが形成され、これらが係合部を構成している。各下地屋根板１０の一方は、対面する吊り子６の一側面に係合し、他方は、対面する吊り子６の他側面に、図３に示すように、係合している。吊り子６の一側面と他側面に配置された一対の屋根板１０，１０は、立ち上がり部１０ｂ，１０ｃが、吊り子６の立ち上がり部６ａに合接し、一方の上位水平部１０ｂと垂下部１０ｅとからなる係合部が、吊り子６の上部の上位水平部６ｂと垂下部６ｃの下側に嵌合している。 The other rising portion 10c of the base roof board 10 is formed with an upper horizontal portion 10f that extends horizontally inwardly with respect to the flat plate portion 10a, and a hanging portion 10g that is refracted at right angles to the horizontal portion 10f. These constitute the engaging portion. As shown in FIG. 3, one of the base roof boards 10 is engaged with one side surface of the facing hanging member 6 and the other is engaged with the other side surface of the facing hanging member 6. As for a pair of roof boards 10 and 10 arrange | positioned at the one side and the other side of the hanging element 6, the rising parts 10b and 10c are joined to the rising part 6a of the hanging element 6, and one upper horizontal part 10b and the hanging part 10e. Is engaged with the upper horizontal portion 6b at the upper portion of the suspension 6 and the lower side of the hanging portion 6c.

また、一対の下地屋根板１０，１０の他方の上位水平部１０ｆと垂下部１０ｇとからなる係合部が、吊り子６の上部の上側に嵌合している。吊り子６の上部を介して互いに合接する一対の下地屋根板１０，１０の上位水平部１０ｄ，１０ｆは、平板部１０ａから所定の高さを有する、帯状の水平面を有する支持部１２を構成する。前記支持部１２の上には、グラスウールなどの断熱ボードからなる板状の断熱下地材１４が載置され、、適宜な止着具により、前記支持部１２に固定されている。 In addition, an engaging portion composed of the other upper horizontal portion 10 f and the hanging portion 10 g of the pair of base roof boards 10, 10 is fitted on the upper side of the upper portion of the suspension 6. The upper horizontal portions 10d and 10f of the pair of base roof plates 10 and 10 that are joined to each other via the upper portion of the hanging element 6 constitute a support portion 12 having a belt-like horizontal plane having a predetermined height from the flat plate portion 10a. . A plate-shaped heat insulating base material 14 made of a heat insulating board such as glass wool is placed on the support portion 12 and fixed to the support portion 12 with an appropriate fastening device.

前記下地材１４の上には、更に、高圧木毛セメント板などからなる断熱下地材１６が載置され、適宜な止着具により、前記下地材１４に固定されている。前記下地屋根板１０の平板部１０ａと前記下地材１４との間には、立ち上がり部１０ｂ，１０ｃで区画された空気室１８が形成されている。前記下地材１６の上面には、防水用のゴムアスファルトルーフィング（図示省略）が敷かれ、その上に帯状に伸びる複数の金属製の屋根板２０が並列に配置されている。各屋根板２０は、下地材１６に固定された吊り子を介して、隣接する側部が結合されている。 On the base material 14, a heat insulating base material 16 made of a high-pressure wood wool cement board or the like is further placed and fixed to the base material 14 with an appropriate fastening device. An air chamber 18 defined by rising portions 10b and 10c is formed between the flat plate portion 10a of the base roof plate 10 and the base material 14. A waterproof rubber asphalt roofing (not shown) is laid on the upper surface of the base material 16, and a plurality of metal roof plates 20 extending in a strip shape are arranged in parallel on the rubber asphalt roofing. Adjacent side portions of each roof plate 20 are coupled to each other through a hanging member fixed to the base material 16.

前記空気室１８の端部は、図２に示すように、建物の軒先側に伸び、該軒先側に並列に開口配置され、外からの空気が、空気室１８の中に入り、また空気室１８から外に出るようになっている。前記各空気室１８の各端部には、外部から雨水が吹き込まないように、また、虫などが入らないように、防水板や網が配置されている。前記下地屋根板１０の、平板部１０ａと立ち上がり部１０ｂ，１０ｃには、図４に示すように、通気孔２４が穿設され、この孔２４を通じて、空気室１８相互間で空気が出入りするように構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the end of the air chamber 18 extends toward the eaves side of the building, and is arranged to be opened in parallel to the eaves side. Air from outside enters the air chamber 18, and the air chamber It comes to go out from 18. A waterproof plate and a net are arranged at each end of each air chamber 18 so that rainwater is not blown from the outside and insects do not enter. As shown in FIG. 4, a vent hole 24 is formed in the flat plate portion 10 a and the rising portions 10 b and 10 c of the base roof board 10, and air enters and exits between the air chambers 18 through the hole 24. It is configured.

また空気室１８と天井板２６の上方の屋根裏との間で、空気が出入りするように構成されている。前記天井板２６には、室内と天井裏とを連通する複数の通気穴が設けられ、この通気穴の１つに電動型ファン２８が配設されている。なお、本実施形態では、各下地屋根板１０の長手方向を屋根の軒に対して直角な方向即ち縦方向に配置したが、横方向に配置しても良い。図２中、２２は軒樋、２４は縦樋である。 Further, air is configured to enter and exit between the air chamber 18 and the attic above the ceiling plate 26. The ceiling plate 26 is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes communicating the room and the back of the ceiling, and an electric fan 28 is disposed in one of the ventilation holes. In the present embodiment, the longitudinal direction of each base roof plate 10 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the roof eaves, that is, in the vertical direction, but may be arranged in the horizontal direction. In FIG. 2, 22 is an eaves and 24 is a vertical fence.

上記した構成において、互いに同一平面上を並列に配置された下地屋根板１０は、各平板部１０ａの底面の一部が、骨格部材２の載置平面に密着する。これにより、各空気室１８の底部は、骨格部材２の載置平面との間に水平を保持し、気密性が保持される。この気密性により、骨格部材２上に形成される空気室１８の体積を大きくすることが可能となる。夏季は建物の室内の高温の空気が天井板２６を抜けて、空気室１８に入り、空気室１８から建物の外部に放出される。 In the above-described configuration, in the base roof board 10 arranged in parallel on the same plane, a part of the bottom surface of each flat plate portion 10 a is in close contact with the mounting plane of the skeleton member 2. Thereby, the bottom part of each air chamber 18 is kept horizontal between the mounting plane of the skeleton member 2 and airtightness is maintained. Due to this airtightness, the volume of the air chamber 18 formed on the skeleton member 2 can be increased. In the summer, hot air in the building interior passes through the ceiling plate 26, enters the air chamber 18, and is released from the air chamber 18 to the outside of the building.

また、冬季は、空気室１８内の暖かい空気が屋根裏に入り、この屋根裏から暖かい空気をファン２８の駆動によって室内に導くことができる。また、屋根に空気層が形成され軒先に開口することにより、屋根の雪が解け、その水が凍って氷となりダムの状態になるのを防止することができ、「すがもれ」現象の発生を防止することができる。 In winter, the warm air in the air chamber 18 enters the attic, and the warm air can be guided from the attic into the room by driving the fan 28. In addition, by forming an air layer on the roof and opening it at the eaves, it is possible to prevent the snow on the roof from melting and freezing the water into ice to form a dam. Can be prevented.

本発明の一実施形態である通気断熱屋根の正面から見た断面説明図である。It is sectional explanatory drawing seen from the front of the ventilation heat insulation roof which is one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態である通気断熱屋根の側面から見た断面説明図である。It is sectional explanatory drawing seen from the side surface of the ventilation heat insulation roof which is one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の要部の断面説明図である。It is sectional explanatory drawing of the principal part of this invention. 下地屋根板の外観図である。It is an external view of a base roof board.

Explanation of symbols

２骨格部材
４支持構造体
６吊り子
１０下地屋根板
１０ａ平板部
１０ｂ立ち上がり部
１０ｃ立ち上がり部
１２支持部
１４下地材
１６下地材
１８空気室
２０屋根板
２２軒樋
２４通気孔
２６天井板
２８ファン
2 Frame member 4 Support structure 6 Hanging element 10 Base roof board 10a Flat plate part 10b Standing part 10c Standing part 12 Support part 14 Base material 16 Base material 18 Air chamber 20 Roof board 22 Eaves 24 Vent hole 26 Ceiling board 28 Fan

Claims

A plurality of elongated metal skeleton members arranged at a predetermined interval on the same plane, a hanging element fixedly disposed at a plurality of predetermined positions of the skeleton member, and a strip-like long flat plate portion Rising portions perpendicular to the flat plate portion are formed on both sides of the flat plate portion, and the upper portions of the rising portions are refracted in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction to form engaging portions. Is placed on the upper part of each of the engaging parts of the base roof plate and the base roof board, and the adjacent roof part is engaged with the base roof board. One or a plurality of heat insulating base plates that form a partitioned air chamber, and a metal roof plate disposed on the upper surface of the heat insulating base plate, with the open end of the air chamber facing the outdoors the air chamber is communicated outdoor and communication, the vent hole is provided to the each flat portion of the underlying shingle, the air A room and a lower side of the base roof plate are communicated, a ceiling plate is disposed below the frame member, a ventilation hole is provided in the ceiling plate, a fan is attached to the ventilation hole, and air in the air chamber is Ventilation heat insulation characterized in that it is led to the attic above the ceiling board, the air in the attic is led into the room by the fan, vent holes are provided in the rising part of each base roof board, and the air chambers are communicated with each other roof.