JP4730834B2 - Counterweight in work machines - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention belongs to the technical field of a counterweight provided in a work machine such as a hydraulic excavator.

Generally, in a working machine such as a hydraulic excavator, a front working part for performing various operations such as excavation and loading is mounted on the front part of the machine body, and the balance between the weight of the front working part itself and the work load performed by the front working part. Some have counterweights at the rear of the aircraft. Such a counterweight is generally formed by filling a heavy object made of iron, concrete, or the like into a hollow outer shell made of a steel plate.
By the way, in recent years, even in a working machine such as a hydraulic excavator, from the viewpoint of environmental problems, the energy stored in the accumulator can be reused by accumulating the potential energy of the working unit, or power can be supplied from a battery as a power source. Various models for energy saving and exhaust gas reduction have been developed, such as those provided with an electric motor to be driven or those using a gas engine instead of a diesel engine as a power source. However, such a type of work machine requires a large device such as an accumulator, a large battery, or a gas cylinder, and thus requires a space for housing these devices. Furthermore, since these devices require maintenance, it is necessary to store them so that the operator can easily access them.
Therefore, conventionally, a technique has been proposed in which a battery is housed in an internal space of a counterweight, and the battery can be maintained by opening a cover that covers the battery (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .)
On the other hand, a technique has been proposed in which an inspection hole is provided in a counterweight and a cover is covered with a cover in a conventional hydraulic excavator instead of the model described above (see, for example, Patent Document 2). .)
JP 2003-328392 A Utility Model Registration No. 2571989

  By the way, the counterweight is a large member, and its shape greatly affects the appearance of the entire work machine. For this reason, when a cover like the above-mentioned patent documents 1 and 2 is provided, there is a possibility that the appearance may be damaged unless the cover has a shape that is consistent with other parts of the counterweight. In addition, when storing a large device such as an accumulator or large battery inside the counterweight, it is necessary to take a large opening when the cover is opened in consideration of maintainability, and therefore the cover must be large. However, if the large cover is configured to be pivotally supported so that it can be freely opened and closed, a robust shaft support, hinges, latches, and other members are required, and the cost is high, and it is possible to attach and detach the cover. In the case of such a configuration, there is a problem that a large-sized cover cannot be attached or detached by one person and requires labor of a plurality of personnel, and there is a problem to be solved by the present invention.

The present invention was created in view of the above-described circumstances in order to solve these problems, and the invention of claim 1 provides a plate-like outer shell that forms the outer shell of a counterweight. When opening an opening and covering the opening with a cover so that it can be freely opened and closed, the cover is formed to be approximately the same size as the opening using a portion corresponding to the opening cut out when opening the opening in the outer shell. It is the counterweight in the working machine characterized by these.
By doing this, even if the outer shell body has a complicated outer shape, it can be made a cover with a uniform design with the outer shell body, greatly contributing to the improvement of the counterweight appearance. it can. In addition, covers corresponding to openings of various sizes and shapes can be formed inexpensively and easily.
The invention according to claim 2 is the counterweight in the working machine according to claim 1, wherein the cover is detachably assembled to the inner peripheral side of the opening.
And by doing in this way, members, such as a shaft support part, a hinge, and a latch, are not required like the case where a cover is pivotally supported so that opening and closing is possible, and it can contribute to cost reduction.
The invention according to claim 3 is the counterweight in the working machine according to claim 2, wherein a rib is provided on at least one of the opening edge and the outer edge of the cover.
And by doing in this way, while being able to reinforce an opening edge part and a cover, the clearance gap produced by the cutting | disconnection at the time of opening opening can be filled.
The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that ribs are provided on the opening edge and the outer edge of the cover, and the ribs are detachably fastened together. It is a counterweight in a machine.
And by doing in this way, while being able to fix a cover to an outer shell easily, the structure which fastens ribs is very simple, manufacture is easy and cost can also be reduced.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the lower edge portion of the opening, a temporary support portion that temporarily supports the cover assembled in the opening is provided. It is a counterweight in the described working machine.
In this way, when the cover is fixed to the outer shell body or unfixed, it can be performed with the cover supported by the temporary support portion, and labor required for attaching and detaching the cover is reduced. It can be greatly reduced.
The invention according to claim 6 is the counterweight in the working machine according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a positioning member for positioning the cover is provided at an edge of the opening.
And by doing in this way, positioning when a cover is assembled | attached to opening can be performed easily.
The invention of claim 7 is characterized in that the opening is established so as to extend from the upper surface portion to the rear surface portion of the outer shell body, and the opening portion formed in the upper surface portion is expanded toward the rear side. The counterweight in the work machine according to any one of claims 2 to 6.
In this way, when the cover is assembled to the opening, it can be assembled easily and snugly.
The invention according to claim 8 is the counterweight in the working machine according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the cover is divided into a plurality of divided covers.
And by doing in this way, the labor of the attachment or detachment work of a cover can be reduced.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a hydraulic excavator as an example of a work machine. The hydraulic excavator 1 includes a crawler-type lower traveling body 2, an upper revolving body 3 that is pivotably supported above the lower traveling body 2, The front working unit 4 is mounted on the front part of the upper swing body 3 and the rear part of the upper swing body 3 includes the weight of the front work unit 4 itself and the work load performed by the front work unit 4. A counterweight 5 is mounted for balancing.

  The counterweight 5 uses a hollow outer shell 6 that forms the outer shell of the counterweight 5 and a heavy object 7 made of iron, concrete, or the like that is fixed inside the hollow of the outer shell 6. However, the heavy object 7 is disposed on both the left and right side portions and the lower part inside the outer shell body 6, and an empty space is formed at the center portion in the left and right direction inside the outer shell body 6. And the empty space is a storage space S with the left and right inner side surfaces of the heavy object 7 arranged on the left and right side parts as the left and right side surfaces and the upper surface of the heavy object 7 arranged at the lower side as the bottom surface, In the storage space S, an accumulator (not shown), a large battery, or various equipment such as a gas cylinder can be stored.

  The outer shell body 6 includes an upper surface portion 6a, left and right side surface portions 6b and 6c, and a rear side surface portion 6d, and a front opening 8A and a rear side extending from the upper surface portion 6a to the rear side surface portion 6d. The opening 8B (the rear opening 8B corresponds to the opening of the present invention) is opened continuously. The front side opening 8A is formed from the front part to the center part of the upper surface part 6a, and the rear side opening 8B is formed so as to extend from the rear part to the rear surface part 6d in a state of being continuous with the front side opening 8A. However, the left and right end edges of the front opening 8A and the rear opening 8B are located above the left and right side surfaces of the storage space S (the left and right inner surfaces of the heavy object 7 disposed on the left and right side portions), and The lower end edge of the side opening 8B is designed so as to be flush with the bottom surface of the storage space S (the upper surface of the heavy object 7 disposed in the lower part). The front opening 8A is detachably covered by a detachable top plate 9, while the rear opening 8B is closably covered by a detachable cover 10 described later, and the cover 10 is removed. By opening the rear side opening 8B, the upper rear portion and the substantially entire rear side of the storage space S are opened, and maintenance of the equipment such as an accumulator stored in the storage space S can be performed. Yes.

In addition, not only the cover 10 but also the upper surface plate 9 is removed, so that the front opening 8A is opened together with the rear opening 8B, so that substantially the entire area above and behind the storage space S is opened. The removal of the plate 9 is performed as necessary, for example, when the equipment is incorporated into or removed from the storage space S, or when wiring is performed for the equipment, etc. Periodic maintenance of the equipment can be performed by opening the rear opening 8B.
The outer shell 6 does not have a front surface portion, but is separated by a partition wall 12 between the engine room 11 formed in front of the counterweight 5 and the counterweight 5.

  The cover 10 is detachably assembled to the inner peripheral side of the rear opening 8B to open and close the rear opening 8B, and the cover 10 closed with the rear opening 8B The cover 10 is integrally formed to form the outer shell of the counterweight 5, but the cover 10 is formed by a portion corresponding to the opening cut out when the rear opening 8 </ b> B is opened in the outer shell 6.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 , the outer shell 6 is formed into a plate shape by molding a steel plate, but the front opening 8 </ b> A is formed at the stage of the molding. The rear opening 8B is not formed, and the rear opening 8B is opened by cutting using a laser, a cutting torch, or the like after molding. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cover 10 having substantially the same size as the opening is formed using the portion corresponding to the rear opening cut out when the rear opening 8B is opened. Thus, the cover 10 can be designed to be unified with the outer shell 6 as well as having the same strength as the outer shell 6.

  Further, the cover 10 is divided into three divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z on the left side, the center, and the right side. The cutting for dividing the cover 10 into these divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z can be performed simultaneously with the cutting when the rear opening 8B is opened, but the weight of each divided cover 10X, 10Y, and 10Z It is set to a weight (for example, 25 kg or less) that can be carried and detached by one person, so that the cover 10 can be attached and detached even if one person is present. It has become.

  Further, the left and right edge portions of the rear opening 8B and the left and right outer edge portions of the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z are outside the outer surface of the outer shell body 6 and the outer surfaces of the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z, respectively. The hook-shaped ribs 8a and 10a protruding in the direction are integrally fixed by welding or the like. The ribs 8a and 10a can reinforce the left and right edge portions of the rear opening 8B and the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z. It is possible to fill a gap generated by cutting at the time of division. Further, the ribs 8a and 10a protruding from the outer surface of the outer shell 6 and the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z with the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z assembled to the inner peripheral side of the rear opening 8B, or By fastening the bolts 13a and 10a to each other with the bolt 13, the left divided cover 10X and the right connecting cover 10Z can be fixed to the outer shell 6, and the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z can be integrally connected. It has become.

  On the other hand, at the lower end edge of the rear opening 8B, the lower portions of the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z assembled on the inner peripheral side of the rear opening 8B can be placed when the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z are attached and detached. Thus, the temporary support part 8b wider than the plate thickness of the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z is formed. Furthermore, locators 15 (corresponding to the positioning members of the present invention) are installed at three locations corresponding to the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z at the front end portion of the temporary support portion 8b. The divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z assembled on the inner peripheral side of the rear opening 8B can be positioned. Thus, when the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z are attached and detached, the bolts 13 are placed in a temporary support state in which the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z assembled to the rear opening 8B are placed on the temporary support portion 8b. The fastening and unfastening can be performed by this, whereby the labor required to attach and detach the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z can be greatly reduced.

  Further, as described above, the rear opening 8B is formed to extend from the rear portion of the upper surface portion 6a of the outer shell 6 to the rear surface portion 6d, but the upper surface of the rear opening 8B formed at the rear portion of the upper surface portion 6a. The left and right side edge portions of the side portion are inclined portions 8c that are widened toward the rear side, and have a substantially C shape in plan view. On the other hand, the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z also have an inclined portion 10b in which the left and right outer side edges of the portion incorporated in the upper surface portion of the rear opening 8B are widened toward the rear side. It has an almost C shape. As a result, when the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z are assembled on the inner peripheral side of the rear opening 8B, the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z are assembled in a state of being guided by the inclined portions 8c and 10b. It can be done.

  On the other hand, the upper surface plate 9 is detachably fastened to the upper surface portion 6a of the outer shell body 6 and the front end portions of the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z via bolts 14, and by attaching and detaching the upper surface plate 9 Although the front opening 8A can be opened and closed, as described above, routine and periodic maintenance can be performed by opening the rear opening 8B. For this reason, it is only necessary to open the rear opening 8B when performing routine and periodic maintenance. In such a case, first, the top plate 9 and the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z are fastened. After loosening the bolt 14, the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z are removed to open the rear opening 8B. On the other hand, when the rear opening 8B is closed, the divided cover 10X, 10Y, and 10Z are attached and then the divided cover is installed. By fastening the 10X, 10Y, 10Z and the upper surface plate 9 with the bolts 14, the upper surface plate 9 remains attached to the upper surface portion 6a of the outer shell body 6, that is, the front opening 8A is closed. The rear opening 8B can be opened and closed. 5-7, 10c is a hole for the bolt 14 drilled in the divided covers 10X, 10Y, 10Z.

  In the present embodiment configured as described, the outer shell 6 forming the outer shell of the counterweight 5 has a rear opening 8B extending from the rear surface portion 6a to the rear surface portion 6d of the outer shell body 6. At the same time, the rear opening 8B is covered with a cover 10 so as to be openable and closable, and the apparatus apparatus stored in the storage space S inside the counterweight 5 by removing the cover 10 and opening the rear opening 8B. However, the cover 10 is formed using a portion corresponding to the rear opening that is cut out when the rear opening 8B is opened in the outer shell 6. As a result, the cover 10 has a strength equivalent to that of the outer shell body 6 and has a design that is unified with the outer shell body 6 even if the outer shell body 6 has a complicated appearance. Can contribute to improving the appearance of the counterweight 5. In addition, for example, when opening an opening having a different size or shape depending on the equipment stored in the storage space S, the cover 10 corresponding to the opening can be formed inexpensively and easily.

  Further, since the cover 10 is configured to be detachably attached to the inner peripheral side of the rear opening 8B, a shaft support portion, a hinge, a latch, etc. However, in this case, there are a plurality of (three in this embodiment) cover 10 so that the worker can carry and remove it by himself / herself. Since the cover is divided into the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z, the cover 10 can be easily attached and detached even if there is only one worker.

  Further, ribs 8a and 10a are provided on the left and right edge portions of the rear opening 8B and the left and right outer edge portions of the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z, respectively. It is possible to fill a gap caused by cutting when the opening 8B is opened and when the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z are divided. Moreover, the ribs 8a and 10a, or 10a and 10a are detachably fastened with bolts 13, so that the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z can be easily fixed to the outer shell body 6. Furthermore, the structure for fastening the ribs 8a, 10a with the bolts 13 is very simple, and there is an advantage that manufacturing is easy and cost can be reduced.

  Further, at the lower edge portion of the rear opening 8B, there are provided temporary support portions 8b for placing and temporarily supporting the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z assembled to the rear opening 8B. A locator 15 that positions the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z is provided. Thus, it is possible to easily perform positioning when assembling each of the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z to the rear opening 8B, and when the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z are attached and detached, The assembled covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z are temporarily supported by placing them on the temporary support portion 8b, so that the bolts 13 can be fastened and unfastened. Can be reduced.

  Furthermore, the rear opening 8B is formed so as to extend from the rear portion of the upper surface portion 6a of the outer shell body 6 to the rear surface portion 6d, but the portion formed in the upper surface portion 6a is expanded toward the rear side, Thus, when the divided covers 10X, 10Y, and 10Z are assembled to the rear opening 8B, they can be assembled easily and snugly.

  Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the shape of the opening, the portion where the opening is opened, the size of the opening, and the like are stored in the size and shape of the counterweight or in the storage space. The design can be changed as appropriate in accordance with the type, size, shape, etc. of the equipment.

It is a side view of a hydraulic excavator. (A), (B) is the back perspective view of a counterweight, and a front perspective view. (A), (B), (C) is the top view of a counterweight, a front view, and a right view. (A), (B), (C) is the top view of the counterweight which removed the cover, a front view, and a right view. (A), (B), (C) is a top view, a front view, and a left side view of the left split cover. (A), (B), (C) is the top view of a center division | segmentation cover, a front view, and a right view. (A), (B), (C) is a top view, a front view, and a right side view of the right divided cover.

Explanation of symbols

5 counterweight 6 outer shell 6a upper surface 6b rear surface 8B rear opening 8a rib 8b temporary support 8c inclined portion 10 cover 10a rib 10b inclined portion 10X right divided cover 10Y central divided cover 10Z left divided cover 15 locator

Claims (8)

When opening an opening in the plate-shaped outer shell that forms the outer shell of the counterweight, and covering the opening with a cover so that it can be opened and closed, the cover is equivalent to an opening that is cut out when opening the opening in the outer shell. A counterweight in a working machine, characterized in that the portion is formed to be approximately the same size as the opening .   The counterweight in the work machine according to claim 1, wherein the cover is detachably assembled to the inner peripheral side of the opening.   The counterweight in the working machine according to claim 2, wherein a rib is provided on at least one of the opening edge and the outer edge of the cover.   The counterweight in the work machine according to any one of claims 2 and 3, wherein ribs are provided on the opening edge and the outer edge of the cover, and the ribs are detachably fastened.   The counterweight in the work machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a temporary support portion that temporarily supports a cover assembled in the opening is provided at a lower edge portion of the opening. .   The counterweight in the working machine according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a positioning member for positioning the cover is provided at an edge of the opening.   7. The opening according to claim 2, wherein the opening is formed so as to extend from the upper surface portion to the rear surface portion of the outer shell body, and the opening portion formed in the upper surface portion is expanded toward the rear side. The counterweight in the work machine as described in any one of items.   The counterweight in the working machine according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the cover is divided into a plurality of divided covers.

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