JP4727150B2 - Shiitake fungus bed cultivation method and container - Google Patents
Shiitake fungus bed cultivation method and container Download PDFInfo
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- JP4727150B2 JP4727150B2 JP2004016533A JP2004016533A JP4727150B2 JP 4727150 B2 JP4727150 B2 JP 4727150B2 JP 2004016533 A JP2004016533 A JP 2004016533A JP 2004016533 A JP2004016533 A JP 2004016533A JP 4727150 B2 JP4727150 B2 JP 4727150B2
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- 240000000599 Lentinula edodes Species 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000001715 Lentinula edodes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、しいたけ菌床の培養中又は培養完了後の栽培方法と、その方法実施に使用する栽培容器を特徴とする技術に関する。 The present invention relates to a cultivation method during or after completion of shiitake mushroom bed and a technique characterized by a cultivation container used for carrying out the method.
栽培袋の一部を切断して菌床の上面のみを露出させ、給水により菌床と栽培袋の間に水を溜め、菌床の上面からのみきのこを発生させる技術として、特許文献1(以下先行技術1という)が提案されている。この技術が開発されるまでは、培養が完了した菌床を栽培袋から取り出し、露出状態で栽培棚に並べて菌床全面からきのこを発生させる方法(通常栽培方法)が用いられていたが、栽培途中で菌床が乾燥し、きのこの品質低下、発生量の減少など、不具合が生じやすかった。該先行技術1によって、これら通常栽培方法での問題は解決されたが、培養で使用した栽培袋を長期間に渡って発生工程中も継続して使用するため、袋に亀裂が生じて先行技術1の目的を達成できないことがある。また、該先行技術1では、給水により菌床を入れている袋上部が広がりすぎてしまい適切な管理ができないため、この部分にバンド状のものを取り付け、袋上部を固定するなどの手間がかかる。さらに栽培後期になると菌床上面や袋と菌床間の水没していない部分にキノコバエ、ダニなどの害虫が発生しやすく、食害を引き起こす等の問題が発生する。
As a technique for cutting a part of a cultivation bag to expose only the upper surface of the fungus bed, storing water between the fungus bed and the cultivation bag by water supply, and generating mushrooms from the upper surface of the fungus bed, Patent Document 1 Prior art 1) has been proposed. Until this technology was developed, a method (normal cultivation method) was used to remove mushroom beds that had been cultivated from the cultivation bag and place them on the cultivation shelf in an exposed state to generate mushrooms from the entire surface of the fungus bed. During the process, the fungus bed was dried, causing problems such as a reduction in the quality of mushrooms and a decrease in the amount of mushrooms. Although the problem in these normal cultivation methods has been solved by the prior art 1, since the cultivation bag used in the culture is continuously used for a long time even during the generation process, the bag is cracked and the prior art One objective may not be achieved. Moreover, in the prior art 1, since the upper part of the bag containing the bacteria bed is spread too much due to the water supply and proper management cannot be performed, it takes time and effort to attach a band-like part to this part and fix the upper part of the bag. . Furthermore, at the later stage of cultivation, pests such as mushrooms and mites are likely to occur on the upper surface of the fungus bed and the portion not submerged between the bag and the fungus bed, causing problems such as causing food damage.
これらの問題点を解決するために、特許文献2(以下先行技術2という)において、菌床を多数収容できる発生水槽を利用した栽培方法を考案している。しかしながら、設備が大掛かりとなり、栽培コストがかかるため容易に利用することができない。
そこで本発明は、先行技術1及び2のかかる難点を解消するためになされたもので、培養中又は培養が完了した菌床を、一旦、栽培袋から取り出し、専用の栽培容器に移し替えて管理を行っていく技術を提供するものであり、その方法に直接使用するための栽培容器を提供するものである。 Therefore, the present invention was made to eliminate such difficulties of the prior arts 1 and 2, and the fungus bed during or after the cultivation was once removed from the cultivation bag and transferred to a dedicated cultivation container for management. The technology to carry out the cultivation is provided, and the cultivation container for direct use in the method is provided.
上記目的を達成するために、請求項1記載のしいたけ菌床栽培方法は、培養中又は培養完了後の工程において、栽培容器を取り除いた露出状態の菌床を、別の容器に上面のみを開放した状態で単独で収容し、菌床と容器間の隙間に水あるいは水溶液を満たすことにより菌床側面及び底面からきのこの発生を抑制し、菌床上部からのみきのこの発生を促すことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the shiitake fungus bed cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step of culturing or after the completion of culturing, the exposed microbial bed from which the cultivation container is removed is opened only to the upper surface in another container. It is characterized by the fact that it is housed alone in a state where the fungus bed and the container are filled with water or an aqueous solution to suppress the occurrence of mushrooms from the side and bottom of the fungus bed, and promote the occurrence of mushrooms from the top of the fungus bed. To do.
請求項2記載のしいたけ菌床栽培容器は、培養中又は培養完了後の工程において、栽培容器を取り除いた露出状態の菌床を、別の容器内に上面のみを解放した状態で単独で収容し、菌床と容器間の隙間に水あるいは水溶液を満たすことにより菌床側面及び底面からきのこの発生を抑制し、菌床上部からのみきのこの発生を促すことを特徴とするしいたけ菌床栽培方法に用いる装置であって、容器に収容菌床を固定するための収容菌床を固定するための弾力性を備えた突起状の支持体(2)を有する栽培容器本体(1)であることを特徴とする。 The shiitake fungus bed cultivation container according to claim 2 accommodates the exposed fungus bed from which the cultivation container has been removed alone or in a state where only the upper surface is released in another container during or after the cultivation. In the shiitake mushroom bed cultivation method characterized by suppressing the occurrence of mushrooms from the side and bottom of the fungus bed by filling the gap between the fungus bed and the container with water or an aqueous solution, and promoting the occurrence of mushrooms from the top of the fungus bed It is an apparatus to be used, and is a cultivation container main body (1) having a projecting support (2) having elasticity for fixing the accommodation bacteria bed for fixing the accommodation bacteria bed to the container. And
請求項3記載のしいたけ菌床栽培容器は、栽培容器本体(1)に菌床と容器底部との間に水を満たすことが可能なように隙間を設けるための突起状の菌床設置台(3)を備えたことを特徴とする。 The shiitake fungus bed cultivation container according to claim 3 is a protruding fungus bed installation base for providing a gap so that water can be filled between the fungus bed and the container bottom in the cultivation container main body (1). 3).
請求項4記載のしいたけ菌床栽培容器は、栽培容器本体(1)に栽培容器内に水を出し入れするため栽培容器側面底部片側もしくは両側に排水口あるいは給排水連結口(4)を備えたことを特徴とする。 The shiitake fungus floor cultivation container according to claim 4 is provided with a drainage outlet or a water supply / drainage connection opening (4) on one side or both sides of the bottom side of the cultivation container in order to draw water into and out of the cultivation container main body (1). Features.
請求項5記載のしいたけ菌床栽培容器は、栽培容器本体(1)を栽培容器本体の側面を構成するパネルをスライド式等の二重構造として高さの調節が可能な状態にしたことを特徴とする。 The shiitake fungus floor cultivation container according to claim 5 is characterized in that the height of the cultivation container main body (1) can be adjusted as a double structure such as a slide-type panel constituting the side surface of the cultivation container main body. And
本発明は、しいたけ菌床栽培容器および該容器を用いた栽培方法は、培養中又は培養完了後の工程において、専用栽培容器に入れ替えて栽培を継続する方法であるので、袋の亀裂などによる給水不完全菌床がない。安定的に水分管理ができるので、収量が増加する。また、容易に全面浸水(菌床水没)が行えるので、害虫の窒息駆除効果があり、害虫の発生数が少ない。きのこへの害虫付着による品質低下を防ぐことができるので、実栽培での収益性が上がる。
又、支持体により菌床が水で浮き上がることがなく、且つ、個々の容器に収納されているので、大きな設備が不要で袋が避ける等の事故もない。
請求項3記載のしいたけ菌床栽培容器は、隙間を設けて菌床と容器底部とが密着して菌床底部に水の浸入が困難になるのを回避する。
請求項4記載のしいたけ菌床栽培容器は、給排水連結口(4)を用いて、複数の栽培容器本体を接続して一元管理することが可能となる。
て給排水を自動化できる。
請求項5記載のしいたけ菌床栽培容器は、パネルをスライドさせることで容器の高さを変化させ、必要に応じて一定時間、菌床上面部分を水もしくは水溶液に埋没させて菌床全体を浸水することができる。又、栽培容器側面の高さを調節することで、菌床の上面のみならず、側面上部の露出部分からのきのこの発生も可能とすることができる。
In the present invention, the shiitake fungus floor cultivation container and the cultivation method using the container are methods for continuing cultivation by replacing the dedicated cultivation container during or after completion of cultivation. There is no incomplete fungus bed. Yield is increased because moisture can be controlled stably. Moreover, since the entire surface can be easily submerged (submerged in the fungus bed), there is a pest control effect of pests, and the number of pests generated is small. Profitability in actual cultivation increases because quality degradation due to pests on mushrooms can be prevented.
In addition, the microbial bed is not lifted by water by the support and is housed in individual containers, so there is no need for large equipment and accidents such as avoiding bags.
The shiitake fungus bed cultivation container according to claim 3 prevents the fungus bed and the bottom of the container from coming into close contact with each other and making it difficult for water to enter the fungus bed bottom.
The shiitake fungus bed cultivation container according to claim 4 can be managed in a unified manner by connecting a plurality of cultivation container main bodies using the water supply / drain connection port (4).
The water supply and drainage can be automated.
The shiitake fungus bed cultivation container according to claim 5 changes the height of the container by sliding the panel, and submerges the entire fungus bed by immersing the upper surface part of the fungus bed in water or an aqueous solution for a certain time as necessary. can do. Further, by adjusting the height of the side surface of the cultivation container, mushrooms can be generated not only from the upper surface of the fungus bed but also from the exposed portion of the upper side surface.
この発明の実施の形態を、図1、図2、図3、図4、図5、図6および表1、表2に基づいて説明する。
図1および図2は本発明の1実施例を示す栽培容器の実施形態の斜視図および平面図を示す。縦14cm×横22cm×高さ7〜20cm内寸のアクリル製の容器本体で、上部四隅に弾力性のあるプラスチック製の菌床固定用支持体(2)が斜め45度の角度で取り付けられ、さらに底部には高さ1cmの菌床設置台(3)が6cmの間隔で2本取り付けられて構成される。上記中、本体、菌床固定用支持体、菌床設置台の材質はそれぞれ目的を達成することが可能なものであれば、記載の材質にとらわれない。また、菌床固定用支持体は、四隅以外の部分に設置して目的を達成することも可能である。
該角度付き菌床固定用支持体(2)は、栽培容器本体(1)に挿入する菌床が吸水により、浮上しないように抑制する機能を有している。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and Tables 1 and 2.
1 and 2 show a perspective view and a plan view of an embodiment of a cultivation container showing one embodiment of the present invention. 14 cm long × 22 cm wide × 7-20 cm height inside acrylic container body, flexible plastic bed support (2) made of flexible plastic is attached to the upper four corners at an angle of 45 degrees, Furthermore, two 1-cm-high fungus bed installation bases (3) are attached to the bottom at an interval of 6 cm. In the above, the materials of the main body, the support for fixing the microbial bed, and the microbial bed mounting base are not limited to the described materials as long as the purpose can be achieved. In addition, the fungus bed fixing support can be installed at a portion other than the four corners to achieve the object.
The angled fungus bed fixing support (2) has a function of preventing the fungus bed inserted into the cultivation container main body (1) from floating due to water absorption.
図3は給排水連結口付き栽培容器の実施形態の斜視図を示し、図5は個々の栽培容器本体を連結した栽培状況の斜視図を示す。図3は、図1によって示された栽培容器の底部側面片側あるいは両側に給排水連結口(4)を取り付けた構成を形成している。外形13mmのパイプを取り付け、ここにホースを連結して栽培容器本体内に水あるいは水溶液を給排水する。また、栽培容器本体側面の両側に給排水口を取り付けることにより、図5に示すように個々の栽培容器本体を連結することが可能となる。
給排水連結口(4)を取り付けた構成は、栽培容器本体(1)を個別に給排水することなく、一度に全栽培容器に給排水が可能であり、その結果、均一な品質を保持した菌床を形成することを可能とする。
FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a cultivation container with a water supply / drain connection port, and FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a cultivation situation in which individual cultivation container bodies are coupled. FIG. 3 forms a configuration in which a water supply / drainage connection port (4) is attached to one or both sides of the bottom side surface of the cultivation container shown in FIG. A pipe having an outer shape of 13 mm is attached, and a hose is connected thereto to supply or drain water or an aqueous solution into the cultivation container body. Moreover, it becomes possible to connect each cultivation container main body as shown in FIG. 5 by attaching a water supply / drain port to both sides of the cultivation container main body side surface.
The structure with the water supply / drainage connection port (4) is capable of supplying / draining all the cultivation containers at once without supplying / draining the cultivation container main body (1) individually. Make it possible to form.
上記栽培容器(高さ20cm)を使用して、きのこを発生させる方法を図4および図5に基づいて説明する。栽培容器および栽培方法に勘案し、該栽培条件で先行技術1と比較した。菌床当たりの発生数量と害虫捕捉数の結果を表1に示す。 A method for generating mushrooms using the cultivation container (height 20 cm) will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. Considering the cultivation container and cultivation method, the cultivation conditions were compared with those of Prior Art 1. Table 1 shows the results of the number of bacteria generated per fungus bed and the number of insects captured.
表1は、種菌として北研600号を使用した。常法によって殺菌、冷却、接種し、20℃±1℃で100日間、さらに25℃で101日目から105日目まで培養した角形菌床(重量2700g、横20cm×縦12cm×高さ17cm)を袋から取り出して露出状態とし、上記構成栽培容器に1個配置し、菌床固定用支持体(2)で固定した。散水もしくは給排水連結口(4)より水を給水し、菌床と栽培容器本体との隙間に満たした。通常は、菌床上面が水に埋没しない程度に給水するが、必要に応じて菌床上面が水没するように調節した。栽培容器に菌床を配置した後は、毎日散水を行い、培養完了後の温度管理は、朝晩は13℃、日中は20℃に室温を調節した。きのこは菌床上面からのみ発生させた。試験空間での害虫捕捉数の検討は、市販の粘着シート(棚かけ虫捕り粘着シート)を用いて行った。
その結果、本発明方法に準じた方が、しいたけ発生個数、発生重量が共に多く、しいたけ1個当たりの重量が対照例で24g、本発明で26gと1.1倍となった。また、害虫捕捉数においては本発明の方が大幅に少なく、品質向上に寄与した。
In Table 1, Kitaken No. 600 was used as an inoculum. Sterilized, cooled and inoculated by a conventional method and cultured at 20 ° C. ± 1 ° C. for 100 days and further at 25 ° C. from day 101 to day 105 (weight 2700 g, width 20 cm × length 12 cm × height 17 cm) Was taken out of the bag, exposed, placed in the above-described cultivation container, and fixed with the support (2) for fixing the fungus bed. Water was supplied from the water sprinkling or water supply / drainage connection port (4) to fill the gap between the fungus bed and the cultivation container main body. Normally, water was supplied to such an extent that the upper surface of the fungus bed was not buried in water, but was adjusted so that the upper surface of the fungus bed was submerged as needed. After placing the fungus bed in the cultivation container, watering was performed every day, and the temperature control after completion of the culture was adjusted to 13 ° C. in the morning and evening and 20 ° C. during the day. Mushrooms were generated only from the upper surface of the fungus bed. Examination of the number of insect pests captured in the test space was performed using a commercially available adhesive sheet (shelf hanging insect trap adhesive sheet).
As a result, according to the method of the present invention, the number of shiitake mushrooms generated and the weight generated were both large, and the weight per shiitake mushroom was 24 g in the control example and 26 g in the present invention, 1.1 times. In addition, the present invention was significantly less in the number of insects captured, which contributed to quality improvement.
次に、上記栽培容器(高さ7cm)を使用してきのこを発生させる方法を図6に基づいて説明する。栽培容器および栽培方法に勘案し、該栽培条件で先行技術1と比較した。菌床当たりの発生数量と害虫捕捉数の結果を表2に示す。 Next, a method for generating mushrooms using the cultivation container (height 7 cm) will be described with reference to FIG. Considering the cultivation container and cultivation method, the cultivation conditions were compared with those of Prior Art 1. Table 2 shows the results of the number of bacteria generated per fungus bed and the number of insects captured.
表2は、上記の表1同様、種菌として北研600号を使用した。常法によって殺菌、冷却、接種し、20℃±1℃で100日間、さらに25℃で101日目から105日目まで培養した角形菌床(重量2700g、横20cm×縦12cm×高さ17cm)を袋から取り出して露出状態とし、上記構成栽培容器に1個配置し、菌床固定用支持体(2)で菌床の側面を固定した。散水もしくは給排水連結口(4)より水を給水し、菌床と栽培容器本体との隙間に満たした。栽培容器に菌床を配置した後は、毎日散水を1〜3階程度行い、培養完了後の温度管理は、朝晩は13℃、日中は20℃に室温を調節した。きのこは菌床上面及び側面から発生させた。
その結果、本発明方法に準じた方が、しいたけ発生個数、発生重量が共に多くなった。
In Table 2, as in the case of Table 1 above, Kitaken 600 was used as the inoculum. Sterilized, cooled and inoculated by a conventional method and cultured at 20 ° C. ± 1 ° C. for 100 days and further at 25 ° C. from day 101 to day 105 (weight 2700 g, width 20 cm × length 12 cm × height 17 cm) Was taken out of the bag and placed in an exposed state, and one was placed in the above-described structured cultivation container, and the side of the fungus bed was fixed with the support (2) for fixing the fungus bed. Water was supplied from the water sprinkling or water supply / drainage connection port (4) to fill the gap between the fungus bed and the cultivation container main body. After placing the fungus bed in the cultivation container, watering was performed every day for about 1 to 3 floors, and the temperature control after completion of the culture was adjusted to 13 ° C. in the morning and evening and 20 ° C. during the day. Mushrooms were generated from the upper and side surfaces of the fungus bed.
As a result, both the number of shiitake generation and the generation weight increased according to the method of the present invention.
本発明は、培養中又は培養完了後の工程において、袋の亀裂などによる給水不完全菌床がなく、安定的に水分管理ができ、また、害虫の窒息駆除効果があり、きのこへの害虫付着による品質低下を防ぎ、実栽培での収益性に利用できるしいたけ菌床の栽培方法および容器に利用可能である。 The present invention has no incomplete water supply due to cracks in the bag during or after the cultivation, can stably control moisture, has an effect of exterminating pests, and adheres to mushrooms. It can be used as a cultivation method and container for shiitake mushroom bed that can be used for profitability in actual cultivation.
1 栽培容器本体
2 菌床固定用支持体
3 菌床設置台
4 給排水連結口
5 しいたけ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cultivation container main body 2 Bacteria bed fixation support 3 Bacteria bed installation stand 4 Water supply / drainage connection port 5 Shiitake
Claims (4)
容器に収容菌床を固定するための弾力性を備えた突起状の支持体(2)を有する栽培容器本体(1)であることを特徴とするしいたけ菌床栽培容器。
In the process of culturing or after completion of culturing, the exposed bacterial bed from which the cultivation container has been removed is housed alone in a state where only the upper surface is released in another container, and water or an aqueous solution is placed in the gap between the bacterial bed and the container. An apparatus used in a shiitake fungus bed cultivation method characterized by suppressing the occurrence of mushrooms from the side and bottom of the fungus bed by satisfying and promoting the occurrence of mushrooms from the upper part of the fungus bed,
A shiitake fungus bed cultivation container, which is a cultivation container main body (1) having a protruding support (2) having elasticity for fixing the contained fungus bed to the container.
The cultivation container main body (1) made the state which can adjust height as a panel which comprises the side surface of a cultivation container main body as a double structure, such as a slide type | mold, The state as described in any one of Claims 1-3 . Shiitake fungus bed cultivation container.
Priority Applications (1)
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JP2009296888A (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-24 | Kazuyuki Eda | Method for cultivating shiitake mushroom |
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Citations (2)
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JP2000316379A (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2000-11-21 | Hokken Co Ltd | Method for producing cortinellus shiitake, and water tank to be directly used therefor |
JP2003274754A (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2003-09-30 | Nagano Kida Kogyo Kk | Method for cultivating mushroom |
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JPS56109521A (en) * | 1980-01-31 | 1981-08-31 | Yahiro Sangyo Kk | Immersion of bed log mushroom cultivation and water tank used therein |
JPS63207327A (en) * | 1987-02-23 | 1988-08-26 | 今川 芳久 | Culture of mushroom |
JPH03112417A (en) * | 1989-09-28 | 1991-05-14 | Hitachi Reinetsu Kk | Method for cultivating shiitake in mushroom bed and container for cultivating the same |
JP3087171B2 (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 2000-09-11 | 株式会社北研 | Generation method of Shiitake mushroom bed |
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JP2000316379A (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2000-11-21 | Hokken Co Ltd | Method for producing cortinellus shiitake, and water tank to be directly used therefor |
JP2003274754A (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2003-09-30 | Nagano Kida Kogyo Kk | Method for cultivating mushroom |
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