JP4726357B2 - Fire extinguisher - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a device for extinguishing a fire, and relates to a device for discharging water sent from a pump via a hose from a nozzle and extinguishing a building fire with the water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, when extinguishing a building fire, fire extinguishing with water is the most common. As shown in FIG. 2, the fire extinguisher is equipped with a pump 3 driven by an engine 2 in a fire truck 1, and water sent from the pump 3 passes through a hose 4 and is discharged from a direct injection nozzle 5 into a rod-shaped water 6. The water is generally discharged as
[0003]
However, in order to extinguish a fire by applying a large amount of water to a burning flame, the rod-shaped water 6 discharged from the direct injection nozzle 5 as described above is effective. In the case of entering the fire extinguisher and extinguishing the fire, spray water discharge that radiates mist-like water over a wide area is effective.
[0004]
By the way, in the case of spray water discharge, the amount of water to be discharged is not large, but a higher pressure is required compared to rod-shaped water discharge, and the normal rod-shaped water discharge pump 3 cannot produce a high pressure suitable for spray water discharge. .
[0005]
Therefore, in many cases, as shown in FIG. 2, a small-sized high-pressure pump 7 with an engine is mounted on the fire engine 1 in addition to the pump 3, and the high-pressure pump 7 is connected to the high-pressure pump 7 by a separate path. Spraying as mist-like water 10 from the spray nozzle 9 via the hose 8 is performed.
[0006]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, a pump 3 and a high-pressure pump 7 are driven by an engine 2 of a fire engine 1 and water is fed to a direct injection nozzle 5 and a spray nozzle 9 from different systems, respectively.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in these fire extinguishing devices, the direct injection nozzle 5 and the spray nozzle 9 are connected to separate pumps 3 and 7 and hoses 4 and 8, respectively. Cannot be switched.
[0008]
In general, rod-like water discharge discharges water straight from the direct injection nozzle 5, so that a large amount of water can be blown far away. However, the discharged water is concentrated in a narrow area, and a large amount of water is poured into a burning flame. Suitable for concentrated fire extinguishing, but it is inappropriate for small flames to be exposed to an unnecessarily large amount of water and extinguishing the afterfire with a weak fire. Cause unnecessary water loss.
[0009]
On the other hand, the spray water spray sprays mist-like water 10 from the spray nozzle 9 over a wide range, so that the water only reaches the vicinity of the spray nozzle 9, and it is not possible to concentrate the water from a distance to extinguish the flame. Although appropriate, it is suitable for extinguishing fires by applying a small amount of water over a wide area from the vicinity of the flame in the initial stage of the fire or when the fire is weakened.
[0010]
Therefore, depending on the situation of the fire, it is preferable to respond with spray water discharge at the beginning of the fire, and if it can not be extinguished and the fire power becomes strong, the firefighter will recede and respond with stick-like water discharge from a distance, and the fire power will be weakened. It is preferable to enter indoors, switch to spraying water again, and extinguish the embers reliably.
[0011]
In recent years, as the fire resistance of buildings has improved, the number of fires that cause the whole wooden house to burn up has decreased, and there has been an increase in the type of fire in which only the interior of the building burns. In such fires, it is often possible to extinguish only by spraying water, and the amount of water used is small, so there is little water loss.
[0012]
Therefore, as a fire extinguisher mounted on the fire engine 1, a spray water discharge facility is indispensable. However, if the fire power becomes strong, spray water discharge cannot be used. It is necessary to mount both the rod-like water discharge and the spray water discharge on the fire engine 1 of the stand.
[0013]
However, in the apparatus as described above, since the rod-like water discharge and the spray water discharge are performed in different systems, the hoses 4 and 8 and the nozzles 5 and 9 must be replaced and the drive of the pumps 3 and 7 must be switched for the switching. The response may be delayed in emergency fire fighting.
[0014]
In addition, there are known fire-fighting nozzles that can switch between water discharge and spray discharge with a single nozzle. However, a higher pressure is required for spray discharge than for water discharge. . Although a normal fire truck 1 is equipped with a turbine pump, the pressure is insufficient for effective spray water discharge, and sufficient spray water discharge cannot be performed even if only the nozzle is switched.
[0015]
Plunger pumps are suitable as high-pressure pumps that can perform effective spray water discharge, but plunger pumps are suitable for imparting high pressure to water, but the amount of water delivered is less than turbine pumps. The amount of water is insufficient to discharge the rod.
[0016]
The applicant first connected a turbine pump and a plunger pump in parallel, combined the discharge water from both pumps, connected to a nozzle that can switch between rod-like water discharge and spray water discharge, and at a relatively low pressure. We proposed a fire extinguishing device that can switch between bar-shaped water discharge and spray water discharge at high pressure.
[0017]
However, in this case, since there is a single hose connecting the pump and the nozzle, the hose can feed a large amount of water suitable for rod-like water discharge and withstands high pressure suitable for spray water discharge. It is required to have and be capable of delivering large amounts of water at high pressure.
[0018]
A normal fire hose suitable for bar-like water discharge at low pressure cannot withstand the high pressure of spray water discharge, and in order to withstand high pressure and to deliver a large amount of water, the hose is extremely There is a risk that the firefighting activities will be hindered due to the rigidity of the wall.
[0019]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and can be performed by switching between the rod-like water discharge and the spray water discharge, and a sufficiently large amount of water can be discharged in the rod-like water discharge. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing apparatus capable of performing effective spray discharge at high pressure.
[0020]
[Means for solving the problems]
Therefore, the present invention inserts a high-pressure hose that has a structure comparable to that of the fire hose and can be folded flat into a flat foldable fire hose and has a smaller diameter and withstands high pressure than the fire hose. The rear end of the fire hose is connected to a pump capable of supplying a large amount of low-pressure water, the rear end of the high-pressure hose is connected to a pump capable of supplying a small amount of high-pressure water, and a rod-shaped water discharge nozzle tip is connected to the tip of the hose. A water discharge nozzle having a water spray nozzle and a spray water discharge nozzle tip is connected, and a high pressure hose is connected to a spray water discharge nozzle tip, and a fire hose outside the high pressure hose is connected to a rod water discharge nozzle tip, and these nozzle tips can be switched. It is characterized by that.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 (a) shows a fire extinguisher according to the present invention. A fire pump 1 is driven by an engine 2 with a low-pressure large-volume water supply pump 11 and a small engine with a high-pressure small-volume water supply pump 12 is provided. The front end of the discharge pipe 14 of the pump 12 enters the discharge pipe 13 of the pump 11.
[0022]
15 is a hose, and as shown in FIG. 1 (b), in the fire hose 16 that can be folded flat, is composed of the same structure as the fire hose 16, and can be folded flat. A double hose is formed in which a high-pressure hose 17 having a smaller diameter than the fire hose 16 and capable of withstanding high pressure is inserted.
[0023]
A hose having a lining material on a tubular fabric such as a fire hose is generally handled as a thin circular tube, and the pressure resistance is inversely proportional to the size of the diameter. For this reason, the high-pressure hose 17 having a smaller diameter than the fire hose 16 inserted into the fire hose 16 as described above has a sufficient pressure resistance even if the high-pressure hose 17 has the same structure as the fire hose 16. And withstand high pressure.
[0024]
Thus, the rear end of the fire hose 16 is connected to the discharge pipe 13 of the pump 11 capable of supplying a large amount of low pressure water, and the rear end of the high pressure hose 17 inserted into the fire hose 16 is connected to the discharge pipe 13. Inside, it is connected to the discharge pipe 14 of the pump 12 capable of supplying a small amount of high pressure water. A water discharge nozzle 18 is connected to the tip of the hose 15.
[0025]
A turbine pump is suitable as the low-pressure and large-volume pump 11 used in the present invention, and a plunger pump is suitable as the high-pressure and small-volume pump 12. In addition, these pumps 11 and 12 are preferably provided with a safety valve for preventing the pressure from becoming excessive.
[0026]
The water discharge nozzle 18 includes a rod-shaped water discharge nozzle tip 19 and a spray water discharge nozzle tip 20, and flow paths 21 and 22 for supplying water to the nozzle tips 19 and 20 are formed.
[0027]
The rear end of the flow path 22 to the spray water discharge nozzle tip 20 is connected to the high pressure hose 17, and the rear end of the flow path 21 to the rod-shaped water discharge nozzle tip 19 is connected to the fire hose 16 outside the high pressure hose 17. The flow paths 21 and 22 can be switched by a switching valve 23.
[0028]
[Action]
In order to use the fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention, the two pumps 11 and 12 are simultaneously driven, and the rod-shaped water discharge nozzle tip 19 and the spray water discharge nozzle tip 20 are selected by the switching valve 23 of the water discharge nozzle 18.
[0029]
First, when the rod-shaped water discharge nozzle tip 19 is selected, the water discharged from the pump 11 capable of supplying a large amount of low-pressure water passes through the outside of the high-pressure hose 17 in the fire hose 16 and passes through the flow path 21 of the water discharge nozzle 18 for rod-shaped water discharge. It is discharged from the nozzle tip 19 as rod-shaped water. Further, the water discharged from the pump 12 is not discharged, and the pump 12 is idled. When a certain pressure is exceeded, the water is returned from the safety valve to the water tank.
[0030]
Next, when the switching nozzle 23 of the water discharge nozzle 18 is operated in this state and the nozzle tip 20 for spray water discharge is selected, the water discharged from the pump 12 capable of supplying high pressure and small amount of water passes through the high pressure hose 17 and is discharged. The water is discharged as spray water from the nozzle tip 20 for spray water discharge through the flow path 22 of the nozzle 18. Further, the pump 11 is idled and water is not discharged. When a predetermined pressure is exceeded, the safety valve is activated and the water is returned to the water tank.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
Therefore, according to the present invention, by switching the switching valve 23 of the water discharge nozzle 18, the firefighter can arbitrarily switch between the bar-shaped water discharge and the spray water discharge at the tube tip, and can perform the fire extinguishing activity very efficiently. it can.
[0032]
Further, in the rod-like water discharge, a large amount of water is mainly supplied from the pump 11 capable of supplying a large amount of low-pressure water, and a large amount of water is sent through the fire hose 16 having a large diameter, so that a large amount of water is distant from the burning flame. Can be effectively extinguished.
[0033]
Further, in spray water discharge, high-pressure water is mainly supplied from the pump 12 capable of high-pressure and small-volume water supply, and the water is sent to the water discharge nozzle 18 through the high-pressure hose 17. Therefore, effective spray water discharge is performed with sufficiently high-pressure water. Can do.
[0034]
In addition, hoses for sending high-pressure water are dangerous if the hose pressure drops due to external damage and breaks.Those that are thick and cannot be folded flat, such as rubber hoses reinforced with fibers, are used. However, in the present invention, the high pressure hose 17 is inserted into the fire hose 16 and there is no risk of breakage due to damage. Therefore, a high-pressure hose 17 that can be folded flat like a small-diameter fire hose is used. can do.
[0035]
In particular, in a thin-walled hose such as a fire hose, since the diameter and the pressure resistance are inversely proportional as described above, even if the high-pressure hose 17 is a flexible hose having the same structure as the fire hose 16, Since the diameter is significantly smaller than that of the hose 16, the pressure resistance can be sufficiently high.
[0036]
Therefore, the hose 15 in which the high-pressure hose 17 is inserted into the fire hose 16 is flexible as a whole and can be folded or wound in the same way as a normal fire hose. It can be handled in exactly the same way as other fire hoses.
[0037]
Moreover, since the high-pressure hose 17 is covered with the fire hose 16 and is not damaged, even if the high pressure hose 17 is damaged and water leaks, the leakage destination is within the fire hose 16 and the safety valve of the pump 11 Discharged from. Furthermore, even if the high-pressure hose 17 breaks, it only breaks in the fire hose 16, and there is no danger to the outside.
[0038]
Further, the switching between the rod-like water discharge and the spray water discharge is performed only by operating the switching valve 23 in the water discharge nozzle 18, and the pump 11 suitable for each water discharge form due to the difference in the water discharge amount from the nozzle tips 19 and 20. 12 mainly functions, and a desired water discharge form is obtained.
[0039]
Therefore, in order to change the water discharge form, no special operation for switching the pumps 11 and 12 is required, and no personnel are required for that purpose, so fire extinguishing activities can be performed very efficiently.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A is a conceptual diagram of a fire extinguisher of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of a hose in the fire extinguisher.
[Fig. 2] Conceptual diagram of a conventional fire extinguisher [Fig. 3] Conceptual diagram of another conventional fire extinguishing device [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11, 12 Pump 15 Hose 16 Fire hose 17 High pressure hose 18 Water discharge nozzle 19 Nozzle tip for rod-like water discharge 20 Nozzle tip for spray water discharge 23 Switching valve

Claims (1)

A fire hose (16) that can be folded flat and has a structure similar to that of the fire hose (16) and can be folded flat and has a smaller diameter than the fire hose (16) and can withstand high pressure. The rear end of the fire hose (16) of the hose (15) inserted through (17) can be supplied to a pump (11) capable of supplying a large amount of low pressure water, and the rear end of the high pressure hose (17) can be supplied of a small amount of high pressure. A water discharge nozzle (18) having a rod-shaped water discharge nozzle tip (19) and a spray water discharge nozzle tip (20) is connected to the tip of the hose (15). ) Are connected to the nozzle tip (20) for spray water discharge, and the fire hose (16) outside the high-pressure hose (17) is connected to the nozzle tip (19) for rod-like water discharge. Characterized in that 0) and can be switched to, fire extinguisher

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