JP4719288B2 - Membrane dike - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a membrane dike using a portable membrane structure. The dike here is not limited to the tide / breakwater (land ridge), but also includes facilities such as subway entrances whose functions are hindered by rainwater entry.

  Due to tsunamis, storm surges, heavy rains, etc., tides and breakwaters (land ridges) are usually provided on the coastal land. Conventionally, a heavy iron door or the like is often installed at the opening of the tide and breakwater.

  However, in the case of heavy iron doors, whether manually or mechanically, there is a possibility that damages such as tsunamis may be magnified if they are not installed quickly (opening is closed). There is also a problem that the installation work becomes large and the construction period and construction cost increase.

  Therefore, in recent years, various devices have been devised that use a membrane structure such as a lightweight and portable sheet to close the opening.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, a waterproof sheet is stretched in a tensioned state by raising the shutter curtain between a bottom plate case provided below the floor along a shutter line where the shutter curtain descends and a seat plate of the shutter curtain. An installed tide apparatus is disclosed.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a plurality of steel slats are flexibly connected to each other on the front side of a slat door that can close an opening of a building or an underground passage, and when the opening is closed by the slat door. A shutter with a tide device is disclosed in which a waterproof sheet is attached from a lower portion of the slat door body to a predetermined height.

No. 6-16098 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 8-2391

  However, the devices disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are both attached to the shutter, and are not formed only by a film structure such as a sheet, so the apparatus becomes large. There was a problem of incurring cost increase. Moreover, in patent document 1, since the waterproof sheet is stretched in a tension state without slack (on a flat surface in the vertical direction), a large load due to water pressure is transmitted to the left and right support columns. There was also a problem in terms of mounting strength.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a membrane dyke that can close an opening quickly and easily and is superior in terms of mounting strength.

  In order to achieve the above object, a membrane embankment according to the present invention is configured as follows.

(1) The opening of the levee can be closed by expanding a membrane structure composed of a membrane and a plurality of reinforcing ropes arranged in multiple steps in the membrane height direction as needed. In the membrane dike
While providing a stretching means that can stretch and support the membrane structure in an arch shape under the hydraulic action when the opening is closed by the membrane structure,
As the spreading means, a fixing mechanism for fixing the film end of the film structure is provided at the opening edge of the bank,
The fixing mechanism includes a male screw member that penetrates and supports the membrane end of the membrane structure and protrudes horizontally from the opening edge side of the levee, and a female screw member that is screwed into the male screw member, so that the female screw is rotatably fitted. A pressing body that presses the end of the membrane against the opening edge side of the dyke by screwing the member, and an opening edge side of the dyke to support the female screw member rotatably and movable in the screw rotation direction. And a rotation driving means for screw-rotating the female screw member.

(2) A plurality of male screw members and female screw members are provided in the vertical direction with respect to the pressing body.

(3) The rotation driving means is a handle that can be detached and folded.

(4) Moreover, a turnbuckle is used for the metal fitting which fixes the edge part of the said several reinforcing rope.

(5) Further, a hook with a safety device is used for the metal fitting for fixing the ends of the plurality of reinforcing ropes.

(6) Further, a skirt is attached to the lower end portion of the membrane structure, and the skirt is pressed by a rubber mat with a weight.

(7) Further, the membrane structure is housed by attaching a large number of hooks to the upper end of the membrane structure and rotating the propeller while hooking the hooks on the propeller-type carriage in order from the end.

(8) Further, the membrane structure is housed by being wound around a barrel-shaped drum that can be transported by a cart in a state of being folded in the membrane height direction.

According to the configuration of (1), the opening can be closed quickly and easily by reducing the weight using the membrane, and the shape of the membrane at the time of expansion is an arch shape in plan view. In addition to the original function and effect that the mounting strength is superior because it is a suspension structure that can transmit the load by water pressure only to the support part at the left and right side edges of the part, by the fixing mechanism, The tension acting on the membrane end can be maintained and water leakage from the membrane end can be prevented.

According to the structure of (2), the tension | tensile_strength which acts on a film | membrane edge part can be hold | maintained further, and the water leak from a film | membrane edge part can be prevented.

According to the configuration of (3), storage is easy and the fixing mechanism 41 is not inadvertently operated.

According to the configuration of (4), it is possible to easily adjust the hanging of the rope.

According to the configuration of (5), the rope does not come off and the safety and workability are improved.

According to the configuration of (6), even if there is unevenness on the bottom surface on which the membrane lower end portion is installed, the bottom surface can be stably adhered to the bottom surface and water leakage from the membrane lower end can be prevented.
It is spread stably.

According to the configuration of (7), the membrane structure can be easily stored, and the wet membrane structure can be dried by rolling the membrane structure without touching the surface of the membrane structure.

According to the configuration of (8), the membrane structure can be easily stored and can be stored depending on the size of the drum, so that a small drum can be adopted and the storage space can be saved.

It is an expansion | deployment perspective view of the film | membrane structure which shows Example 1 of this invention. It is a perspective view which similarly shows the storage state of a film | membrane structure. It is a perspective view of the stretched state of a membrane structure. It is explanatory drawing of the expansion-contraction apparatus which shows Example 2 of this invention. It is a principal part perspective view at the time of expansion | deployment of the film | membrane structure which shows Example 3 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of a hook with a safety device. It is explanatory drawing of a turnbuckle. It is a front view of the fixing mechanism of the film | membrane edge part which shows Example 4 of this invention. It is also a plan view. It is a side view similarly. It is a front view of the fixing mechanism of the film | membrane edge part which shows Example 5 of this invention. It is also a plan view. It is sectional drawing at the time of membrane structure extension which shows Example 6 of this invention. It is a modification of a rubber mat. It is explanatory drawing at the time of the membrane structure accommodation which shows Example 7 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing at the time of the membrane structure accommodation which shows Example 8 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the membrane type embankment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1-a is a developed perspective view of a membrane structure showing Example 1 of the present invention, FIG. 1-b is a perspective view showing the storage state of the membrane structure, and FIG. 1-c is a stretched state of the membrane structure. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1-a, a lightweight waterproof membrane (sheet) 1 made of synthetic resin, cloth, or the like, and a plurality (five in the illustrated example) of reinforcing fibers arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. The length is longer than the reinforcing fiber rope 2 provided along the reinforcing fiber rope 2 of at least the uppermost stage (in the illustrated example, only the uppermost stage) among the rope (strand) 2 and the plurality of reinforcing fiber ropes 2. A membrane structure 5 is composed of a short shape-retaining fiber rope (strand, stretching means) 3 and a tension spring (stretching device, stretching means) 4 connected to the end of the shape-retaining fiber rope 3. The

  The reinforcing fiber rope 2 has an intermediate portion passed through the bag-like portion 6 of the waterproof membrane 1, and both left and right ends are led out from the left and right side edges of the waterproof membrane 1 (membrane structure 5). It is formed in the shape-like latching | locking part (ice expansion means, such as ice price). The shape-retaining fiber rope 3 is passed through a bag-like portion 6 through which a reinforcing fiber rope 2 of at least the uppermost stage (only the uppermost stage in the illustrated example) passes, and both right and left ends are waterproof membranes 1. And is formed in a ring-shaped locking portion (ice-price extension means) 8, and one end of the tension spring 4 is hooked on the locking portion 8.

  Waterproof membrane side fasteners 9A are attached to the left and right ends of the waterproof membrane 1 (membrane structure 5) as fixing means for the membrane end portions. As a fixing means for the film end, a fixing mechanism in another embodiment described later may be used.

  The membrane structure 5 configured as described above is normally stored in a storage case 10 as shown in FIG. 1B, and as shown in FIG. 1C in the event of a disaster such as a tsunami, storm surge, or heavy rain. Then, it is taken out from the storage case 10 and expanded so as to block the opening 12 of the existing tide / breakwater (bank) 11 in a watertight manner.

  That is, a plurality of hooks (expansion means) 13 (five in the illustrated example) to be engaged with the locking portion 7 and the tension spring 4 are attached to both left and right edge portions of the opening portion 12 in the vertical direction. In addition, opening side fasteners 9B (stretching means) that engage with the waterproof membrane side fasteners 9A are attached to the left and right side edge portions (the side on which seawater or the like enters) of the opening portion 12.

  Under the hydraulic action when the opening is closed, the membrane structure 5 is expanded and supported in an arched shape in plan view and expanded and supported (see the chain line in FIG. 1-c).

  In this manner, in this embodiment, the opening 12 of the tide / breakwater 11 can be closed quickly and easily by reducing the weight using the membrane structure 5.

  That is, after the membrane structure 5 is taken out from the storage case 10, the locking portion 5 of each reinforcing fiber rope 2 and the tension spring 4 of the shape-retaining fiber rope 3 are hooked on the hook 13 and the waterproof membrane side fastener 9A A simple operation of engaging the opening side fastener 9B is sufficient.

  At this time, in this embodiment, the shape-maintaining fiber rope 3 and the tension spring 4 are used to design the drooping (initial shape) of the membrane structure 5 by holding the membrane shape hanging by the rope sag when it is anhydrous so as not to drop. It can be positioned above the water level, and when storm surges arrive (under hydraulic pressure), the load load is set by the spring load (constant) of the tension spring 4 and the reinforcing fiber from the shape retaining fiber rope 3 Smooth transition to the rope 2 is achieved.

  Also, under the hydraulic action, the membrane structure 5 is stretched and supported in an arch shape in plan view, so that the tensile force on the hook 13 can be reduced and the attachment strength can be increased. Furthermore, since the membrane structure 5 is lightweight, it can be quickly carried by a small number of human powers without using any power, and since the structure is simple, it can be easily attached to the opening edge.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a telescopic device showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  This is an example in which a rubber-covered chain-type expansion / contraction device 14 is used instead of the tension spring 4 in the first embodiment, and this also provides the same operational effects as in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part when the membrane structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention is stretched, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a hook with a safety device, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a turnbuckle.

  This is because prior to fixing (fixing / attaching) the ends of the reinforcing fiber ropes 2 at least in the uppermost stage (only the uppermost stage in the illustrated example) of the plurality of reinforcing fiber ropes 2 in Example 1, A manual winch 15 (line traction device) for drawing the end of the reinforcing fiber rope 2 toward the opening edge of the tide / breakwater 11 is provided on both the left and right edges of the opening in the tide / breakwater 11. This is an example of mounting on a support column 16 standing on either one of (film end fixing portion).

  That is, after the end of the uppermost reinforcing fiber rope 2 (a turnbuckle 18 described later) is connected to the winch 15, the reinforcing fiber rope 2 is wound up to a predetermined position using the winch 15, and then the reinforcing fiber rope 2 is used. The end of the fiber rope 2 is hooked and fixed on a hook (a hook with a safety device 17a described later). After this fixing, the winch 15 is used up.

  In this embodiment, a hook (eye hook) 17 (see FIG. 4) with a safety device (a retaining member) 17a is attached to a metal fitting for fixing the ends of a plurality of reinforcing fiber ropes 2 (excluding the uppermost stage in the illustrated example). ) And a turnbuckle 18 (see FIG. 5) is used as a metal fitting for fixing the end of the uppermost reinforcing fiber rope 2. In the illustrated example, the shape-maintaining fiber rope 3 of Example 1 is not particularly used, but may be used. Further, the end of the two-stage reinforcing fiber rope 2 from the top is fixed to the column 16 via a hook 17 with a safety device 17a, but the opening edge of the tide / breakwater 11 is the same as in the first embodiment. It may be fixed on the side.

  According to the present embodiment, the membrane structure 5 can be easily attached by using the winch 15, and the installation time can be shortened. That is, if the uppermost reinforcing fiber rope 2 is first fixed using the winch 15, the lower reinforcing fiber rope 2 can be easily fixed. Further, since the hook 17 with the safety device 17a is used, the reinforcing fiber rope 2 is not pulled out, and safety and workability are improved. Moreover, since the turnbuckle 18 is used, the sag of the reinforcing fiber rope 2 can be easily adjusted.

  FIG. 6 is a front view of a film end fixing mechanism showing Embodiment 4 of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a plan view, and FIG. 8 is a side view.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, a fixing mechanism (stretching means) 20 for fixing the film end of the film structure 5 is provided at the opening edge of the tide / breakwater 11. The fixing mechanism 20 includes a pressing body 21 that presses the film end of the membrane structure 5 against the opening edge side of the tide / breakwater 11, and a bracket on the opening edge side of the tide / breakwater 11 to raise and lower the pressing body 21. Elevating mechanism (elevating means) 23 supported via 22 (supporting member) and the pressing body 21 to urge the pressing body 21 toward the opening edge side of the tide / breakwater 11 when the elevating mechanism is lowered. And wedges (wedge mechanisms) 25a and 25b provided between two upper and lower L-shaped brackets (support members) 24 provided on the opening edge side of the tide / breakwater 11.

  The elevating mechanism 23 has a screw rod (screw mechanism) 27 that elevates and lowers the female screw portion 22 a of the bracket 22 by operating the handle 26, and the lower end of the screw rod 27 is connected to the pressing body 21 via a link mechanism 28. ing. The pressing body 21 includes a rectangular pipe 21a to which a link mechanism 28 is connected, a J-shaped pressing plate 21b attached to one end surface of the rectangular pipe 21a, and a rubber pad 21c attached to the pressing plate 21b. The wedge 25a described above is attached to both side surfaces of the square pipe 21a.

  The bracket 22 is attached to the upper surface of the support block 30 attached to the side surface of the opening edge of the tide / breakwater 11, and the upper and lower L-shaped brackets 24 are attached to the end surface of the support block 30. Further, a pressure contact plate 31 to which the rubber pad 21c is pressure-bonded via the pressing plate 21b is attached to the end surface of the support block 30 with a bolt. The pressure contact plate 31 is formed in a J shape like the pressing plate 21b.

  In this embodiment, the support block 30 is provided with the support column 16 to which the winch 15 or the like in the third embodiment is attached and the fixing portion of each reinforcing fiber rope 2. Further, the fixing mechanism 20 described above may be provided directly on the opening edge of the tide / breakwater 11 together with the support 16 and the like. Further, the fixing mechanism 20 is provided at both right and left edges of the opening in the tide / breakwater 11.

  Because of this configuration, when the membrane structure 5 is expanded, if the handle 26 is turned downward with the end portion of the membrane positioned between the pressure contact plate 31, the pressing plate 21b, and the rubber pad 21c, the wedge The pressing body 21 is pressed and moved to the end face side of the support block 30 while 25a and 25b are in contact with each other, and the left side (side edge portion) and the lower side (a part of the lower edge portion) of the film end portion are eventually pressed against the pressure contact plate 31 and the pressing plate. 21b and the rubber pad 21c are clamped and fixed.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, in addition to the original operational effects described in the first embodiment, the tension acting on the film end by the fixing mechanism 20 can be maintained and water leakage from the film end can be prevented. it can. Further, the pressing body 21 can be easily lifted and lowered by the lifting mechanism 23 described above. Moreover, since the wedges 25a and 25b are provided at two locations in the vertical direction, water can be stopped at the same time in both the side direction and the bottom direction at the opening edge of the tide / breakwater 11.

  FIG. 9 is a front view of a fixing mechanism at the film end portion showing Embodiment 5 of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a plan view of the same.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a support block 40 is attached to the side surface of the opening edge of the tide / breakwater 11, and a film end fixing mechanism (stretching means) 41 is provided on the side surface of the support block 40.

  The fixing mechanism 41 rotatably fits a male screw member 42 that penetrates and supports the film end of the membrane structure 5 and protrudes horizontally from the support block 40 and a female screw member 43 that is screwed into the male screw member 42. The female screw member 43 is screw-rotated in the screwing direction, and the female screw member 43 is screw-rotated by the screw mechanism 46 in the short cylinder portion 47a and the pressing plate 45 with the rubber pad 44 that presses the membrane end portion to the side surface side of the support block 40. An L-shaped bracket (support member) 47 protruding from the side surface of the support block 40 and a handle (rotation drive means) 48 that can be detached and folded to rotate the female screw member 43 are provided.

  A plurality of female screw members 43 are provided in the vertical direction (three locations in the illustrated example) with respect to the pressing plate 45, and a plurality of male screw members 42 are also provided in the vertical direction with respect to the support block 40 (three locations in the illustrated example). ) Is provided. Further, the fixing mechanism 41 is provided at both right and left edges of the opening in the tide / breakwater 11.

  In the figure, 49 is a groove for allowing the female screw member 43 to enter, and 50 is a retaining member for preventing the male screw member 42 from coming out.

  Because of this configuration, when the membrane structure 5 is expanded, the membrane end is attached to the female screw member 43 in a state where the membrane end is passed through the male screw member 42 through a through hole (not shown) formed in the membrane end. When the handle 48 is screwed in the screwing direction, the male screw member 42 and the female screw member 43 are screwed together, and then the screw screw 43 advances and the pressing plate 45 is pressed and moved to the side surface side of the support block 40. Eventually, the left side (side edge portion) of the film end is pressed against the side surface of the support block 40 by the pressing plate 45 and fixed.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, in addition to the original function and effect described in the first embodiment, the tension acting on the film end can be maintained by the fixing mechanism 41 and water leakage from the film end can be prevented. it can. Further, since the handle 48 can be removed and folded, the handle can be easily stored and the fixing mechanism 41 is not inadvertently operated.

  FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the membrane structure when the embodiment 6 of the present invention is stretched, and FIG. 12 is a modification of the rubber mat.

  This is an example in which a skirt 5a is attached to the lower end (edge) portion of the membrane structure 5 in each of the above-described embodiments, and the skirt 5a is pressed by a rubber mat 53 with a large number of weights 52.

  According to this, even if there is unevenness on the bottom surface on which the membrane lower end portion is installed, it is possible to stably adhere to the bottom surface and prevent water leakage from the membrane lower end.

  Further, instead of the rubber mat 53 with the weight 52, as shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of (three in the illustrated example) rubber mats 53a, 53b, 53c made of thick plates are replaced with soft plate rubber (or cloth) 54a, A foldable one connected at 54b may be used. When connecting a plurality of sets as one set, it is preferable to use a connecting tool such as a round can 55 and a carabiner 56.

  FIG. 13 is an explanatory view when the membrane structure is housed showing Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

  This is because a large number of hooks 60 are attached to the upper end (edge) of the membrane structure 5 at a predetermined interval, and the hooks 60 are sequentially locked from the end in a ring-like manner to the propeller 62 that is rotatably supported on the carriage 61. In this example, the membrane structure 5 is accommodated by rotating the propeller 62 while being hooked on the portion 62a.

  According to this, the membrane structure 5 can be easily accommodated, and the wet membrane structure 5 can be dried by rolling the membrane structure without touching the surface of the membrane structure. Of course, it is easy to carry.

  FIG. 14 is an explanatory view when the membrane structure is housed showing the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

  This is an example in which the membrane structure 5 is housed by being wound around a barrel-shaped drum 70 that can be transported by a cart in a state of being folded in the membrane height direction.

  According to this, since the membrane structure 3 can be easily stored and can be stored depending on the size of the barrel drum 70, a small drum can be adopted, and space saving can be achieved.

  Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, you may implement combining each Example suitably.

  The present invention can also be used for a facility whose function is hindered by rainwater entering, such as a subway entrance.

1 Waterproof membrane (sheet)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Reinforcing fiber rope 3 Shape retaining fiber rope 4 Tension spring 5 Membrane structure 5a Skirt 6 Bag-like portion 7, 8 Ring-shaped locking portion 9A Waterproof membrane side fastener 9B Opening side fastener 10 Storage case 11 Breakwater 12 Opening 13 Hook 14 Rubber-covered chain-type telescopic device 15 Winch 16 Prop 17 Safety device hook 17a Safety device (prevention)
Reference Signs List 18 Turnbuckle 20 Fixing Mechanism 21 Pressing Body 21a Square Pipe 21b Pressing Plate 21c Rubber Pad 22 Bracket 22a Female Screw 23 Lifting Mechanism 24 Bracket 25a, 25b Wedge 26 Handle 27 Screw Rod 28 Link 30 Supporting Block 31 Pressing Plate 40 Supporting Block 41 Fixing Mechanism 41 42 male screw member 43 female screw member 44 rubber pad 45 pressing plate 46 screw mechanism 47 L-shaped bracket 47a short tube portion 48 handle 49 groove 50 retaining member 52 weight 53, 53a, 53b, 53c rubber mat 54a, 54b plate rubber 55 round can 56 Carabiner 60 Hook 61 Dolly 62 Propeller 62a Ring-shaped locking part 70 Barrel drum

Claims (3)

A membrane that can close the opening of a dike by expanding a membrane structure consisting of a membrane and a plurality of reinforcing ropes arranged in multiple steps in the membrane height direction as needed. In the ceremony embankment,
While providing a stretching means that can stretch and support the membrane structure in an arch shape under the hydraulic action when the opening is closed by the membrane structure,
As the spreading means, a fixing mechanism for fixing the film end of the film structure is provided at the opening edge of the bank,
The fixing mechanism includes a male screw member that penetrates and supports the membrane end of the membrane structure and protrudes horizontally from the opening edge side of the levee, and a female screw member that is screwed into the male screw member, so that the female screw is rotatably fitted. A pressing body that presses the end of the membrane against the opening edge side of the dyke by screwing the member, and an opening edge side of the dyke to support the female screw member rotatably and movable in the screw rotation direction. A membrane-type levee comprising: a support member formed thereon; and a rotation driving means for screw-rotating the female screw member.   The membrane-type embankment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of male screw members and female screw members are provided in the vertical direction with respect to the pressing body.   The membrane type embankment according to claim 1, wherein the rotation driving means is a handle that can be detached and folded.

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