JP7463034B2 - Suspended scaffolding equipment and suspended scaffolding operation method - Google Patents

Description

This article relates to suspended scaffolding equipment used when constructing revetment facilities and other structures, and to its operation method.

For example, in construction work for building, renovating, or repairing piers and revetments, which are civil engineering structures in coastal marine areas, it may be necessary to suspend a suspended scaffolding from the pier and place it underneath the pier as temporary construction. In such cases, the installation height of the suspended scaffolding is set to a certain height above sea level based on the oceanographic conditions of the surrounding sea area, and also so that work can be done while standing on the suspended scaffolding.

On the other hand, a method of erecting suspended scaffolding that allows it to be easily erected on a bridge is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This erection method involves floating a suspended scaffolding with floats on the water and moving it to below the bridge, then pulling the suspended scaffolding with floats up from the water surface toward the underside of the bridge, and fixing the suspended scaffolding with floats to the bridge.

Patent No. 6018691

However, after the suspended scaffolding is installed, if the sea conditions become rough due to storm surges, waves, strong winds, etc., the suspended scaffolding can be damaged by the effects of high tides, waves, strong winds, etc., and a great deal of effort, time, and cost is required for its restoration. To prevent such damage, it was necessary to remove the suspended scaffolding in advance when stormy weather was predicted, but the removal and reinstallation required a great deal of effort, time, and cost. Also, in the erection method described in Patent Document 1, the suspended scaffolding with floats is suspended and fixed to the bridge, so the height of the suspended scaffolding with floats always remains at a height at which work can be performed (because it is close to the sea surface), and if the sea conditions become rough, there is a risk that the suspended scaffolding with floats will be damaged.

Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide a suspended scaffolding system and a method for operating the suspended scaffolding that can prevent and suppress damage to the suspended scaffolding even when sea conditions are rough.

In order to solve the above problem, the invention of claim 1 is a hanging scaffolding system comprising: a hanging scaffolding suspended from a structure installed above a body of water and disposed below the structure; a lifting means for raising and lowering the hanging scaffolding; and a support means for supporting the hanging scaffolding when the hanging scaffolding is at a first height, wherein the support means includes a plurality of hanging chains having upper ends fixed to the underside of the structure and lower ends fixed to the hanging scaffolding, wherein when a worker is standing on the hanging scaffolding to perform work, the hanging scaffolding can be disposed at the first height by the lifting means, and at a specified time other than when the work is being performed, the hanging scaffolding can be disposed at a second height that is closer to the structure than the first height by the lifting means.

The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that, in the suspended scaffolding equipment described in claim 1 , the suspended scaffolding is composed of a perforated plate in which the occupancy rate of holes is greater than that of non-perforated portions.

The invention of claim 3 is characterized in that, in the suspended scaffolding equipment described in claim 1 or 2 , a plurality of the lifting and lowering means are provided, and the plurality of the lifting and lowering means can be activated simultaneously.

The invention of claim 4 is a method for operating a suspended scaffold, in which a suspended scaffold that is arranged below a structure installed above a body of water and can be raised and lowered is arranged at a first height when a worker is standing on the suspended scaffold to perform work, and at a second height that is closer to the structure than the first height at a specified time other than when the worker is working , characterized in that the suspended scaffold is supported at the first height by a plurality of suspension chains whose upper ends are fixed to the underside of the structure and whose lower ends are fixed to the suspended scaffold .

The invention of claim 5 is characterized in that, in the suspended scaffolding operation method described in claim 4 , when a plurality of lifting means for raising and lowering the suspended scaffolding are provided, the plurality of lifting means are activated simultaneously.

According to the invention of claim 1, at a specified time other than when work is being performed, the lifting means can be used to dispose the suspended scaffolding at a second height closer to the structure than the first height, that is, at a height farther from the water surface. Therefore, for example, by disposing the suspended scaffolding at the second height closer to the structure after the end of work for the day (at a specified time), it is possible to prevent and suppress damage to the suspended scaffolding due to the effects of high tides, waves, strong winds, etc., even if the sea conditions become rough. As a result, it is possible to reduce the effort, time, and cost required for its restoration.

According to the invention of claim 1 , when the suspended scaffolding is at a first height, that is, when a worker is standing on the suspended scaffolding to perform work, the suspended scaffolding is supported by the support means, making it possible to perform work stably on the suspended scaffolding.

According to the invention of claim 2 , since the suspended scaffolding is made of a perforated plate, the water pressure that the suspended scaffolding receives from seawater etc. is alleviated, and it becomes possible to prevent and suppress damage to the suspended scaffolding. In addition, since the suspended scaffolding is made of a perforated plate, it becomes possible to reduce the weight of the suspended scaffolding, and further, it becomes possible to simplify and reduce the weight of the lifting means for raising and lowering the suspended scaffolding.

According to the invention of claim 3 , since multiple lifting means can be activated simultaneously, the suspended scaffolding can be raised and lowered simultaneously using multiple lifting means, making it possible to raise and lower the suspended scaffolding properly (parallel) and stably without bias.

According to the invention of claim 4 , at a predetermined time other than during work, the suspended scaffolding is arranged at a second height closer to the structure than the first height, that is, at a height farther from the water surface. Therefore, as with the invention of claim 1, for example, by arranging the suspended scaffolding at the second height closer to the structure after the end of work for the day (at a predetermined time), it is possible to prevent and suppress damage to the suspended scaffolding due to the influence of high tides, waves, strong winds, etc. even if the sea conditions become rough. As a result, it is possible to reduce the labor, time, and cost required for its restoration.

According to the invention of claim 5 , multiple lifting means are activated simultaneously, so that, as in the invention of claim 3 , the suspended scaffolding can be raised and lowered simultaneously by multiple lifting means, making it possible to raise and lower the suspended scaffolding properly (parallel) and stably without bias.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state during operation of a suspended scaffolding system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a plan view showing the frame of the suspended scaffolding of the suspended scaffolding equipment of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a front view showing the arrangement position of the chains that suspend the frame. This is a cross-sectional view of the suspended scaffolding equipment of Figure 1 taken along line AA (hatching omitted). FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an expandable panel of the suspended scaffolding of the suspended scaffolding equipment of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the connection structure of the expand panel of the suspended scaffolding equipment of FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a suspended state of the suspended scaffolding of the suspended scaffolding equipment of FIG. 1. 2A and 2B are a side view and a front view showing the electric hoist and its surroundings of the suspended scaffolding equipment of FIG. 1 . FIG. 2 is a front view showing the suspended scaffolding equipment of FIG. 1 in a predetermined state. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 8 (hatching omitted).

The present invention will be described below based on the illustrated embodiment.

Figures 1 to 9 show this embodiment, with Figure 1 being a front view showing the suspended scaffolding equipment 1 according to this embodiment in a working state, and Figure 8 being a front view showing the suspended scaffolding equipment 1 in a specified state other than when working. This suspended scaffolding equipment 1 is a scaffolding equipment on which workers stand when carrying out construction work on a structure installed above a body of water, and in this embodiment, the following will explain an example in which the body of water is sea area W and a pier 101, which is a structure, is installed on the coast of the sea area.

The pier 101 has a slab (main girder) 103 installed between dolphins (large columns) 102, and the center of the slab 103 is supported by an intermediate column 104, with this structure being constructed continuously. In addition, fall prevention fences (handrails) 103a are provided on both longitudinal edges of the slab 103, as shown in Figure 3.

The suspended scaffolding equipment 1 mainly comprises a suspended scaffolding 2, various chains (support means) 31, 32, and an electric hoist (lifting means) 4.

The suspended scaffolding 2 is suspended from the pier 101 and arranged below the pier 101 (directly below the slab 103) for workers to stand on, and is composed of a frame 21 and an expandable panel (perforated plate) 22. As shown in FIG. 2(a), the frame 21 is a frame in which multiple single pipes (metal pipes) 211-213 are assembled into a lattice plate shape, and the lattice holes are approximately rectangular. The outer contour of the plane of the frame 21 is approximately rectangular, and the length in the short direction is set to be longer than the width of the slab 103, and the length in the long direction is set to be slightly smaller than the length of the slab 103 between the dolphin 102 and the intermediate column 104 in this embodiment. Alternatively, multiple frame bodies 21 may be arranged between the dolphin 102 and the intermediate column 104 along the longitudinal direction of the slab 103. In addition, handrails 214 are provided on both long sides of the frame body 21, standing perpendicular to the plane of the frame body 21, as shown in FIG. 3.

As shown in FIG. 4, the expanded panel 22 is a plate in which the occupancy rate of holes 22a is greater than the occupancy rate of non-holes 22b. In this embodiment, the expanded panel 22 is a mesh-like plate in which diamond-shaped or tortoise-shell-shaped holes 22a are formed by expanding a metal plate with staggered cuts. The planar shape of the expanded panel 22 is roughly rectangular so as to cover the lattice holes of the frame body 21, and multiple expanded panels 22 are connected and arranged on the upper surface of the frame body 21.

Specifically, multiple expanded panels 22 are laid out on the frame body 21, with the ends of adjacent expanded panels 22 overlapping on the single pipes 211-213. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, both threaded portions 221a of U-bolts 221 are inserted into the overlapping portions of the ends of the expanded panels 22 so as to sandwich the single pipes 211-213, and nuts 222 are tightened onto both threaded portions 221a. In this way, the multiple expanded panels 22 are attached to the frame body 21 while being connected without any gaps.

The chains 31 and 32 are deformable metal chains that support the suspended scaffolding 2 when the suspended scaffolding 2 is at the first height, that is, when a worker is standing on the suspended scaffolding 2 to perform work. As shown in FIG. 2(b), the suspended chain 31 is a chain that extends in a substantially vertical direction to support the suspended scaffolding 2, and its upper end is fixed and connected to the underside of the slab 103 or the suspended chain platform 5 described later, and its lower end is fixed to the suspended scaffolding 2. Specifically, the suspended chain 31, whose lower end is fixed to the first support point P1 along the longitudinal direction at the center of the frame body 21 shown in FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 6, has its upper end fixed to the underside of the slab 103. Also, the suspended chain 31, whose lower end is fixed to the second support point P2 on both long side sides of the frame body 21, has its upper end fixed to the suspended chain platform 5.

The length of this suspension chain 31, i.e., the first height of the suspended scaffolding 2 during work, is set so that a worker can work properly on the suspended scaffolding 2, and so that the suspended scaffolding 2 is at least a specified distance above the sea surface during normal times based on the oceanographic conditions of the surrounding sea area to ensure safety. Here, work in this invention includes all operations performed on the pier 101, such as construction, inspection, and repair. Furthermore, the strength and number of the suspension chains 31 are set so that they can stably support the suspended scaffolding 2 with a worker on it.

As shown in FIG. 2(b), the anti-swing chains 32 are chains that prevent the suspended scaffolding 2 from swinging, and are arranged on both edge sides of the suspended scaffolding 2 (both long side sides of the frame body 21). That is, the upper end is fixed and connected to the side of the dolphin 102 or intermediate column 104, and the lower end is fixed diagonally downward to the center of the frame body 21 of the suspended scaffolding 2. The strength and number of the anti-swing chains 32 are set so as to effectively prevent and suppress the suspended scaffolding 2 with a worker standing on it from swinging.

The electric hoist 4 is a lifting machine that raises and lowers the suspended scaffolding 2, and multiple electric hoists 4 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the slab 103. That is, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, multiple suspension chain stands 5 are arranged continuously at a predetermined interval on both sides of the slab 103. In this embodiment, the suspension chain stand 5 is made of an angle bar with an L-shaped cross section, and as shown in Fig. 7, it has a vertical part 51 and a horizontal part 52 that is connected to the top of the vertical part 51 and extends approximately horizontally. The vertical part 51 is fixed to the side of the slab 103 with an anchor bolt 53, and the vertical part 51 and the horizontal part 52 are connected by a reinforcing plate 54 that extends diagonally.

An electric hoist 4 is attached to a predetermined one of the multiple suspension chain stands 5. In other words, the number and positions of the electric hoists 4 are set based on the size and weight of the suspended scaffolding 2 and the capacity (weight that can be raised and lowered) of the electric hoists 4 so that the suspended scaffolding 2 can be raised and lowered stably. Here, the positions are set so that the electric hoists 4 face each other with the slab 103 in between.

The electric hoist 4 is suspended from the horizontal section 52 of the hanging chain frame 5, and as shown in FIG. 3, the tip of the load chain 41 of the electric hoist 4 is connected to the opposing second support point P2 of the frame 21 described above. Therefore, the upper end of the hanging chain 31 is fixed to the horizontal section 52 of the hanging chain frame 5 to which the electric hoist 4 is not attached, and its lower end is fixed to the opposing second support point P2. In other words, the load chain 41 is connected to some of the second support points P2, and the hanging chain 31 is fixed to the remaining second support points P2.

Such electric hoists 4 are grouped, and the grouped electric hoists 4 can be activated simultaneously. That is, in this embodiment, a plurality of electric hoists 4 (for example, four in this embodiment) for raising and lowering one suspended scaffolding 2 are grouped into one group, and these electric hoists 4 can be controlled simultaneously by one remote control 42. Specifically, one remote control 42 and four electric hoists 4 are grouped in a short-distance wireless system, and control signals can be sent from the one remote control 42 to the four electric hoists 4 simultaneously. The remote control 42 can also control the activation of each electric hoist 4 individually.

By using such an electric hoist 4, the suspended scaffolding 2 can be arranged at a first height during work, and at a specified time other than work, the suspended scaffolding 2 can be arranged at a second height that is closer to the slab 103 side than the first height. In other words, by lowering the suspended scaffolding 2 with the electric hoist 4 before work, the height of the suspended scaffolding 2 becomes the first height as shown in Figures 1 and 3, and a worker can stand on the suspended scaffolding 2 and work properly as described above. Here, the electric hoist 4 is equipped with a lower limiter, and when the suspended scaffolding 2 reaches the first height, it cannot be lowered any further, and at this time, the chains 31 and 32 are also in a taut state to properly support the suspended scaffolding 2.

For example, after the day's work is completed (at a specified time), the suspended scaffolding 2 is raised by the electric hoist 4, so that the suspended scaffolding 2 is disposed at a second height, which is closer to the slab 103 than the first height, that is, at a height farther from the water surface, as shown in Figures 8 and 9. Here, the second height is closer to the underside of the slab 103, and is a height that can prevent or suppress damage to the suspended scaffolding 2 due to the effects of high tides, waves, strong winds, etc., even if the sea conditions are rough. The electric hoist 4 is also equipped with an upper limiter, so that when the suspended scaffolding 2 reaches the second height, it does not rise any further and does not hit the slab 103, and at this time, the chains 31 and 32 are in a slack state.

Next, we will explain how to operate the suspended scaffolding equipment 1 configured in this way (suspended scaffolding operation method).

First, when a worker is standing on the suspended scaffolding 2 to perform work, as described above, one remote control 42 is used to simultaneously start the descent of the four electric hoists 4, lowering the suspended scaffolding 2 to the first height. After this descent operation is performed for all the suspended scaffoldings 2, work such as construction and inspection is performed on the suspended scaffolding 2.

For example, when work is completed for the day, when work is suspended due to rough sea conditions, or when bad weather is predicted (at a specified time), one remote control 42 is used to simultaneously start the four electric hoists 4 to raise the suspended scaffolding 2 to a second height closer to the slab 103 side. This raising operation is performed for all the suspended scaffolding 2. Then, when work is to be started again, the suspended scaffolding 2 is lowered to the first height in the same manner.

According to the suspended scaffolding equipment 1 and the suspended scaffolding operation method configured in this way, at a specified time other than during work, the suspended scaffolding 2 can be disposed by the electric hoist 4 at a second height closer to the slab 103 side than the first height, that is, at a height farther from the water surface. Therefore, for example, by disposing the suspended scaffolding 2 at the second height closer to the slab 103 side after the end of work for the day (at a specified time), even if the sea conditions become rough due to storm surges, waves, strong winds, etc., it is possible to prevent and suppress damage to the suspended scaffolding 2 due to the effects of high tides, waves, strong winds, etc. without removing the suspended scaffolding 2. As a result, it is possible to reduce the labor, time, and cost required for restoration.

In addition, when the suspended scaffolding 2 is at the first height, that is, when a worker is standing on the suspended scaffolding 2 to perform work, the suspended scaffolding 2 is supported by the chains 31 and 32, making it possible to perform work stably on the suspended scaffolding 2.

Furthermore, because the suspended scaffolding 2 is made of an expandable panel 22 with many holes, the water pressure that the suspended scaffolding 2 receives from seawater, etc. is mitigated, making it possible to better prevent and suppress damage to the suspended scaffolding 2. Also, because the suspended scaffolding 2 is made of an expandable panel 22, it is possible to reduce the weight of the suspended scaffolding 2, and furthermore, it is possible to simplify and reduce the weight (capacity) of the electric hoist 4 that raises and lowers the suspended scaffolding 2.

In addition, since multiple electric hoists 4 can be started simultaneously, the suspended scaffolding 2 can be raised and lowered simultaneously by multiple electric hoists 4, making it possible to raise and lower the suspended scaffolding 2 in a proper (parallel) and stable manner without bias. Moreover, since multiple electric hoists 4 can be started and controlled by a single remote control 42, the number of personnel required to operate the electric hoists 4 can be reduced.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration is not limited to the above embodiment, and even if there are design changes within the scope of the present invention, they are included in the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the water area is the ocean area W, but the water area may be a river, etc., and the structure is a pier 101, but other structures may be used. Furthermore, although multiple electric hoists 4 are grouped so that they can be activated simultaneously with one remote control 42, multiple operators may each hold one remote control 42 for the electric hoist 4 and activate multiple electric hoists 4 simultaneously according to the signal and guidance of a signal person.

1 Suspended scaffolding equipment 2 Suspended scaffolding 21 Frame 22 Expanded panel (perforated plate)
31 Suspension chain (support means)
32 Anti-sway chain (support means)
4. Electric hoist (lifting means)
42 Remote control 5 Suspension chain stand 101 Pier (structure)
102 Dolphin 103 Slab 104 Intermediate pillar W Sea area (water area)

Claims (5)

A suspended scaffold suspended from a structure installed above a water body and disposed below the structure;
A lifting means for lifting and lowering the suspended scaffolding;
A support means for supporting the suspended scaffolding when the suspended scaffolding is at a first height,
The support means includes a plurality of suspension chains each having an upper end fixed to the underside of the structure and a lower end fixed to the suspension scaffold;
When a worker is on the suspended scaffold to perform work, the suspended scaffold can be disposed at the first height by the lifting means, and at a predetermined time other than when the worker is working, the suspended scaffold can be disposed at a second height, which is closer to the structure side than the first height, by the lifting means.
A suspended scaffolding system characterized by the above. The hanging scaffolding is composed of a perforated plate having a larger occupancy rate of holes than non-perforated parts.
The suspended scaffolding system according to claim 1 . A plurality of the lifting means are provided, and the plurality of the lifting means can be activated simultaneously.
The suspended scaffolding system according to any one of claims 1 and 2 . A method for operating a suspended scaffold, the method comprising the steps of: disposing a suspended scaffold that is disposed below a structure installed above a water body and can be raised and lowered at a first height during work in which a worker stands on the suspended scaffold to perform work; and disposing the suspended scaffold at a second height that is closer to the structure than the first height at a specified time other than the work,
The scaffolding is supported at the first height by a plurality of suspension chains, the upper ends of which are fixed to the underside of the structure and the lower ends of which are fixed to the scaffolding.
A method for operating a suspended scaffold. In the case where a plurality of lifting means for lifting and lowering the suspended scaffolding are provided, the plurality of lifting means are activated simultaneously.
The method for operating a suspended scaffold according to claim 4 .