JP4717870B2 - Battery charger - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、比較的簡単な構成により、バッテリーの温度特性に対応したトリクル（Ｔｒｉｃｋｌｅ）充電を可能とするバッテリー充電装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a battery charging device that enables trickle charging corresponding to temperature characteristics of a battery with a relatively simple configuration.
各種の電気機器に動作電力を供給する場合のバックアップ電源装置として、バッテリーを利用する場合が一般的であり、その場合のバッテリーは、常に満充電状態として、バックアップ給電が所定時間継続可能の状態とする必要がある。このバッテリーは温度に対応して端子電圧が変化するものであるから、バッテリーの充電装置は、バッテリーの温度を検出して充電制御を行う構成が適用されている。例えば、図５は従来例のバッテリー充電装置の要部を示すもので、ＢＡＴはバッテリー、ＴＨはバッテリーの温度を検出する為のサーミスタ、Ｄは負荷（図示を省略）にバッテリーＢＡＴから給電すると共に逆流防止用のダイオード、Ｔはトランス、ＳＷは電界効果トランジスタ等のスイッチング素子、ＲＥＣは整流平滑回路、ＲＣはダイオード、Ｒ１，Ｒ２は抵抗、ＣＯＮＴ１はスイッチング素子のオン、オフを制御するスイッチング制御部、ＣＯＮＴ２はサーミスタＴＨにより検出した温度とバッテリーＢＡＴの温度特性との関係を、ソフトウェア処理によって求めて、バッテリーＢＡＴの充電電流を示す制御情報を作成し、その制御情報をスイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴ１に入力するマイクロプロセッサである。 In general, a battery is used as a backup power supply for supplying operating power to various electrical devices. In such a case, the battery is always fully charged, and backup power supply can be continued for a predetermined time. There is a need to. Since the terminal voltage of this battery changes according to the temperature, the battery charging device has a configuration in which charging control is performed by detecting the temperature of the battery. For example, FIG. 5 shows a main part of a conventional battery charger, wherein BAT is a battery, TH is a thermistor for detecting the temperature of the battery, D is a power supply from the battery BAT to a load (not shown). Diode for backflow prevention, T is a transformer, SW is a switching element such as a field effect transistor, REC is a rectifying and smoothing circuit, RC is a diode, R1 and R2 are resistors, CONT1 is a switching control unit for controlling on / off of the switching element CONT2 obtains the relationship between the temperature detected by the thermistor TH and the temperature characteristic of the battery BAT by software processing, creates control information indicating the charging current of the battery BAT, and inputs the control information to the switching control unit CONT1. It is a microprocessor.
スイッチング素子ＳＷをスイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴ１により制御して、トランスＴの一次巻線に供給する電流をオン、オフ制御し、トランスＴの二次巻線に誘起した電圧を整流平滑回路ＲＥＣにより整流して平滑化し、ダイオードＲＣを介してバッテリーＢＡＴを充電する。又整流出力電圧を抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２による分圧電圧としてスイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴ１に入力する。又マイクロプロセッサＣＯＮＴ２は、バッテリーＢＡＴの温度をサーミスタＴＨにより検出して入力した温度情報と、バッテリーＢＡＴの温度特性とを基に、現在の温度に於ける充電完了としての電圧を求めて、スイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴ１を制御する。それによって、バッテリーＢＡＴの温度に対応した充電処理を実行するものである。又充電完了後のトリクル充電制御に於いても、バッテリーＢＡＴの温度に対応してトリクル充電を行うことになる。 The switching element SW is controlled by the switching control unit CONT1, the current supplied to the primary winding of the transformer T is turned on and off, and the voltage induced in the secondary winding of the transformer T is rectified by the rectifying and smoothing circuit REC. Smoothing and charging the battery BAT through the diode RC. Further, the rectified output voltage is input to the switching control unit CONT1 as a divided voltage by the resistors R1 and R2. Further, the microprocessor CONT2 obtains a voltage as a charge completion at the current temperature based on the temperature information inputted by detecting the temperature of the battery BAT by the thermistor TH and the temperature characteristics of the battery BAT, and performs switching control. The unit CONT1 is controlled. Thereby, a charging process corresponding to the temperature of the battery BAT is executed. In trickle charge control after completion of charge, trickle charge is performed in accordance with the temperature of the battery BAT.
又各種の電子機器等を負荷とし、商用交流電源から所望の電圧に変換して動作電力を供給し、商用交流電源の障害発生時には、バッテリーを予備電源として負荷に電力を供給する構成に於いて、商用交流電源が健全な時に、バッテリーの周囲温度を検出し、検出した温度に対応して、バッテリーのトリクル充電を行う手段が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。又バッテリーの温度をサーミスタにより検出し、充電完了に近付いた時点で、ＡＤ変換部のレンジ切替えを行って、満充電状態に制御する手段も提案されている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。 Also, in a configuration in which various electronic devices are used as loads, operating power is supplied by converting to a desired voltage from a commercial AC power supply, and power is supplied to the load using a battery as a backup power supply when a failure occurs in the commercial AC power supply. A means for detecting the ambient temperature of the battery when the commercial AC power source is healthy and performing trickle charging of the battery corresponding to the detected temperature is known (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). There has also been proposed a means for detecting the temperature of the battery with a thermistor and switching the range of the AD conversion unit at the time when the charging is near completion to control the battery to a fully charged state (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
又バッテリーに充電する充電装置に制御部としてマイクロプロセッサを設け、バッテリーの温度を検出するサーミスタに流れる電流と、バッテリーの充電電流とが一部の経路で重畳されて流れる分を、充電装置のマイクロプロセッサにより補正演算して、サーミスタによるバッテリーの温度検出電圧を求め、バッテリーの急速充電及びトリクル充電を行う手段が提案されている（例えば、特許文献３参照）。又バッテリーの温度をサーミスタにより検出し、マイクロプロセッサにより充電回路を制御して、バッテリーを急速充電とトリクル充電との切替制御を行う手段が提案されている（例えば、特許文献４参照）。
バッテリーは、温度により充放電特性が変化するものであり、従って、温度を検出して充電特性を制御する構成が一般的となっている。充電特性を制御する手段としては、例えば、前述の特許文献２，３、４等に示されているように、マイクロプロセッサを用いて、サーミスタ等により検出した温度と、バッテリーの電圧とを基に、バッテリーの温度特性に基づいた充電電圧を求めて、バッテリーの充電を行う手段が一般的である。しかし、マイクロプロセッサは、抵抗やコンデンサ等の電子部品に比較した高価であり、生産数量が比較的少ない場合は、部品コストが占める割合が多くなって、コスト的な問題が生じる。又バッテリーの温度検出用のサーミスタは、バッテリーに接近して取り付けることになるが、サーミスタの接続配線の断線が発生すると、バッテリを温度特性に従って充電することが不可能となり、バッテリーを満充電状態として、バックアップ電源の役目を果たすように制御することが不可能となる問題もある。 A battery has a charge / discharge characteristic that changes depending on the temperature. Therefore, a configuration is generally used in which the charge characteristic is controlled by detecting the temperature. As a means for controlling the charging characteristics, for example, as shown in the above-mentioned Patent Documents 2, 3, 4, etc., using a microprocessor, based on the temperature detected by a thermistor or the like and the voltage of the battery. Generally, a means for charging a battery by obtaining a charging voltage based on the temperature characteristics of the battery is generally used. However, the microprocessor is more expensive than electronic components such as resistors and capacitors, and when the production quantity is relatively small, the proportion of the component cost increases, resulting in a cost problem. The thermistor for battery temperature detection is installed close to the battery, but if the thermistor connection wiring breaks, it becomes impossible to charge the battery according to the temperature characteristics, and the battery is fully charged. There is also a problem that it becomes impossible to perform control so as to serve as a backup power source.
本発明は、前述の従来の問題点を解決するものであり、比較的簡単な構成で、且つ廉価な部品を用いてコストダウンを図り、且つ信頼性を向上できるバッテリー充電装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and provides a battery charger that has a relatively simple configuration, uses low-cost parts, reduces costs, and improves reliability. Objective.
本発明のバッテリー充電装置は、トランスの二次側の誘起電圧を整流してバッテリーの充電電圧とし、この充電電圧を検出して前記トランスの一次側に接続したスイッチング素子のオン、オフ制御を行うスイッチング制御部を備えたバッテリー充電装置であって、バッテリーの温度を検出する感温抵抗素子のサーミスタと、バッテリーの充電電圧を印加するように直列接続した複数の抵抗からなる分圧抵抗とを含み、この分圧抵抗の中の少なくとも１個の抵抗と並列に前記サーミスタを接続し、分圧抵抗による分圧電圧を前記スイッチング制御部に入力するように接続した構成を有するものである。 The battery charging device of the present invention rectifies the induced voltage on the secondary side of the transformer to obtain the charging voltage of the battery, detects this charging voltage, and performs on / off control of the switching element connected to the primary side of the transformer. A battery charger having a switching control unit, comprising: a thermistor of a temperature-sensitive resistor element that detects the temperature of the battery; and a voltage dividing resistor composed of a plurality of resistors connected in series so as to apply a battery charging voltage. The thermistor is connected in parallel with at least one of the voltage dividing resistors, and the divided voltage by the voltage dividing resistor is connected to the switching control unit.
又バッテリーの充電電圧を印加するように直列接続した複数の抵抗からなる分圧抵抗と、この分圧抵抗による分圧電圧をスイッチング制御部に入力すると共に、分圧抵抗の中の少なくとも１個の抵抗と並列に接続したバッテリーの温度検出用のサーミスタとダイオードとの直列回路と、サーミスタとダイオードとの接続点の電圧を印加する第４の抵抗と、この第４の抵抗の両端の電圧が正常範囲内であるか否かを基準電圧とを比較し、正常範囲内でない時に、バッテリーの充電電圧を低下させる方向の電圧を、スイッチング制御部に入力する比較回路とを備えている。 In addition, a voltage dividing resistor composed of a plurality of resistors connected in series so as to apply a charging voltage of the battery and a voltage divided by the voltage dividing resistor are input to the switching control unit, and at least one of the voltage dividing resistors A series circuit of a thermistor and a diode for detecting the temperature of a battery connected in parallel with the resistor, a fourth resistor for applying a voltage at a connection point between the thermistor and the diode, and a voltage at both ends of the fourth resistor are normal. A comparison circuit is provided for comparing the reference voltage with respect to whether or not the voltage is within the range, and for inputting a voltage in a direction to decrease the charging voltage of the battery to the switching control unit when the voltage is not within the normal range.
又バッテリーの温度に従って抵抗値が上昇する感温抵抗素子と、バッテリーの充電電圧を印加するように複数の抵抗を直列接続して分圧した電圧をスイッチング制御部に入力する分圧抵抗とを含み、この分圧抵抗の中の少なくとも１個の抵抗と並列に、感温抵抗素子を接続した構成を有するものである。 In addition, it includes a temperature-sensitive resistance element whose resistance value increases according to the temperature of the battery, and a voltage dividing resistor that inputs a voltage divided by connecting a plurality of resistors in series so as to apply a charging voltage of the battery to the switching control unit. The temperature-sensitive resistance element is connected in parallel with at least one of the voltage dividing resistors.
従来例のバッテリー充電装置に於けるマイクロプロセッサ等を使用することなく、分圧抵抗の中の少なくとも１個の抵抗と並列感温抵抗素子を接続し、バッテリーの温度に対応した充電電圧を出力するように、スイッチング制御部に入力する温度検出情報と充電電圧との関連を基にした制御構成により、バッテリーの温度に従った充電電圧を出力することが可能であり、又個別部品により構成することが可能であるから、経済的な構成とすることができる。 Without using a microprocessor or the like in the battery charger of the conventional example, at least one resistor in the voltage dividing resistor is connected to the parallel temperature sensitive resistor element, and a charging voltage corresponding to the temperature of the battery is output. Thus, it is possible to output the charging voltage according to the temperature of the battery by the control configuration based on the relationship between the temperature detection information input to the switching control unit and the charging voltage, and to be configured by individual components Therefore, an economical configuration can be obtained.
本発明のバッテリー充電装置は、図１を参照すると、トランスＴの二次側の誘起電圧を整流してバッテリーＢＡＴの充電電圧とし、この充電電圧を検出して、トランスＴの一次側に接続したスイッチング素子ＳＷのオン、オフ制御を行うスイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴを備えたバッテリー充電装置であって、バッテリーＢＡＴの温度を検出する感温抵抗素子のサーミスタＴＨと、バッテリーＢＡＴの充電電圧を分圧して前記スイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴに入力する複数の抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２，Ｒ３からなる分圧抵抗とを備え、その分圧抵抗の中の例えば１個の抵抗Ｒ３と並列にサーミスタＴＨを接続した構成を備えている。 Referring to FIG. 1, the battery charging device of the present invention rectifies the induced voltage on the secondary side of the transformer T to obtain the charging voltage of the battery BAT, detects this charging voltage, and connects it to the primary side of the transformer T. A battery charging device including a switching control unit CONT for performing on / off control of the switching element SW, wherein the thermistor TH, which is a temperature sensitive resistance element for detecting the temperature of the battery BAT, and the charging voltage of the battery BAT are divided. A voltage dividing resistor including a plurality of resistors R1, R2, and R3 that are input to the switching control unit CONT, and a thermistor TH is connected in parallel with, for example, one resistor R3 among the voltage dividing resistors. .
図１は、本発明の実施例１の説明図であり、ＢＡＴはバッテリー、ＴＨは温度により抵抗値が低下する特性の感温抵抗素子としてのサーミスタ、Ｄは負荷（図示を省略）にバッテリーＢＡＴから給電すると共に逆流防止用のダイオード、Ｔはトランス、ＳＷは電界効果トランジスタ等のスイッチング素子、ＲＥＣは整流用のダイオードと平滑用のコンデンサとチョークコイルとを含む整流平滑回路、Ｒ１，Ｒ２，Ｒ３，Ｒ４は分圧抵抗としての第１〜第４の抵抗、ＣＯＮＴはスイッチング素子のオン、オフを制御するスイッチング制御部を示す。なお、１個のみ示すスイッチング素子ＳＷは、ブリッジ型等の既に知られた複数のスイッチング素子を設けた構成とすることができる。 FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, where BAT is a battery, TH is a thermistor as a temperature-sensitive resistance element whose resistance value decreases with temperature, and D is a battery BAT for a load (not shown). , T is a transformer, SW is a switching element such as a field effect transistor, REC is a rectifying / smoothing circuit including a rectifying diode, a smoothing capacitor, and a choke coil, R1, R2, R3 , R4 are first to fourth resistors as voltage dividing resistors, and CONT is a switching control unit for controlling on / off of the switching element. In addition, the switching element SW which shows only one can be set as the structure which provided several switching elements already known, such as a bridge type.
スイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴは、例えば、スイッチング素子ＳＷのスイッチング周期の三角波信号を発生し、抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２の接続点の分圧電圧とレベル比較を行って、抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２の接続点の分圧電圧が高くなると、スイッチング素子ＳＷのオン期間を短くするように制御し、反対に分圧電圧が低くなると、スイッチング素子ＳＷのオン期間を長くするように制御する構成を有するものである。又分圧抵抗の第１〜第３の抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２，Ｒ３を直列に接続して、整流平滑回路ＲＥＣからの充電出力電圧を印加し、第３の抵抗Ｒ３と並列にサーミスタＴＨを接続し、直列接続の第１，第２の抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２に第４の抵抗Ｒ４を並列に接続した場合を示す。なお、この第４の抵抗Ｒ４は省略することも可能であり、又サーミスタＴＨを第１の抵抗Ｒ１に並列に接続して、第３の抵抗Ｒ３を省略することも可能であり、又第３、第１の直列接続の抵抗Ｒ３，Ｒ１と並列にサーミスタＴＨを接続した構成とすることも可能である。又サーミスタＴＨは、バッテリーＢＡＴの温度検出用であるから、例えば、バッテリーＢＡＴの表面等に配置する。 For example, the switching control unit CONT generates a triangular wave signal having a switching cycle of the switching element SW, compares the level with the divided voltage of the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2, and compares the divided voltage of the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2. When the voltage becomes higher, the ON period of the switching element SW is controlled to be shortened, and conversely, when the divided voltage becomes lower, the ON period of the switching element SW is controlled to be longer. Further, the first to third resistors R1, R2, and R3 of the voltage dividing resistor are connected in series, the charging output voltage from the rectifying / smoothing circuit REC is applied, and the thermistor TH is connected in parallel with the third resistor R3. The case where a fourth resistor R4 is connected in parallel to the first and second resistors R1 and R2 connected in series is shown. The fourth resistor R4 can be omitted, the thermistor TH can be connected in parallel to the first resistor R1, and the third resistor R3 can be omitted. The thermistor TH may be connected in parallel with the first series-connected resistors R3 and R1. Further, since the thermistor TH is for detecting the temperature of the battery BAT, it is disposed on the surface of the battery BAT, for example.
バッテリーＢＡＴの電圧は、分圧抵抗の抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２，Ｒ３に印加され、抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２の接続点の分圧電圧をスイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴに入力する。バッテリーＢＡＴの温度が上昇した場合、抵抗Ｒ３に並列接続したサーミスタＴＨの抵抗値が低下し、それによって、抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２の接続点の分圧電圧は上昇する。それにより、スイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴは、スイッチング素子ＳＷのオン期間を短くなるように制御し、整流平滑回路ＲＥＣの出力電圧、即ち、充電出力電圧を低下するように制御する。又バッテリーＢＡＴの温度が低下した場合は、サーミスタＴＨの抵抗値が上昇し、抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２の接続点の分圧電圧が低下するから、スイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴは、スイッチング素子ＳＷのオン期間を長くするように制御し、整流平滑回路ＲＥＣの充電出力電圧を上昇させる。それにより、バッテリーＢＡＴのトリクル充電過程を含む充電制御が可能となる。 The voltage of the battery BAT is applied to the resistors R1, R2, and R3 of the voltage dividing resistor, and the divided voltage at the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2 is input to the switching control unit CONT. When the temperature of the battery BAT rises, the resistance value of the thermistor TH connected in parallel to the resistor R3 decreases, and thereby the divided voltage at the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2 increases. Thereby, the switching control unit CONT controls the switching element SW so as to shorten the ON period, and controls the output voltage of the rectifying and smoothing circuit REC, that is, the charging output voltage to be lowered. Further, when the temperature of the battery BAT decreases, the resistance value of the thermistor TH increases, and the divided voltage at the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2 decreases. Therefore, the switching control unit CONT extends the ON period of the switching element SW. And the charging output voltage of the rectifying / smoothing circuit REC is increased. Thereby, charge control including a trickle charge process of the battery BAT becomes possible.
図２は、バッテリーの温度と電圧との特性曲線図であり、横軸は温度、縦軸は電圧を示し、実線曲線はバッテリーの電圧、２点鎖線曲線は充電出力電圧の計算値、点線曲線は充電出力電圧の実測値を示す。この２点鎖線曲線及び点線曲線は、前述の実施例１の構成によるものであり、バッテリーＢＡＴが満充電後のトリクル充電状態に於ける計算値と実測値とを示す。この特性曲線図からも明らかなように、温度が高い状態に於いては、比較的低い電圧で充電可能となるが、温度が低い状態に於いては、比較的高い電圧で充電する必要がある。本発明の実施例１は、従来例のマイクロプロセッサ等を用いることなく、分圧抵抗の中の例えば抵抗Ｒ３とサーミスタＴＨとを並列接続した構成によりバッテリーＢＡＴの温度に対応した充電制御が可能となる。なお、抵抗Ｒ３は、抵抗Ｒ４と共に、点線曲線で示すような充電出力電圧を得られるように調整可能の構成とすることもできる。 FIG. 2 is a characteristic curve diagram of battery temperature and voltage. The horizontal axis indicates temperature, the vertical axis indicates voltage, the solid line curve indicates the battery voltage, the two-dot chain line indicates the calculated value of the charging output voltage, and the dotted line curve. Indicates the measured value of the charging output voltage. The two-dot chain line curve and the dotted line curve are based on the configuration of the above-described first embodiment, and show the calculated value and the actual measurement value in the trickle charge state after the battery BAT is fully charged. As is apparent from this characteristic curve, charging is possible at a relatively low voltage when the temperature is high, but charging is required at a relatively high voltage when the temperature is low. . In the first embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to perform charge control corresponding to the temperature of the battery BAT by using, for example, a resistor R3 and a thermistor TH in a voltage dividing resistor connected in parallel without using a conventional microprocessor or the like. Become. The resistor R3 and the resistor R4 can be configured to be adjustable so as to obtain a charging output voltage as shown by a dotted curve.
図３は、本発明の実施例２の説明図であり、図１と同一符号は同一名称部分を示し、ＣＯＭＰは比較回路、Ｖｒは基準電圧である。この比較回路ＣＯＭＰは、感温抵抗素子のサーミスタＴＨと直列に接続された第４の抵抗Ｒ４に印加される電圧と、基準電圧Ｖｒとを比較し、正常状態では基準電圧Ｖｒを超える電圧が入力されるように、各部の抵抗値を選定することにより、出力端子をオープン状態として、分圧抵抗の第１、第２の抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２の接続点の電圧には影響しないようにする。又サーミスタＴＨが未接続の状態の場合、抵抗Ｒ４に印加される電圧は零又はそれに近い値となり、基準電圧Ｖｒ以下となるから、出力端子は、バッテリーＢＡＴが満充電状態を超えた時の抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２の接続点の電圧以上となる電圧を出力する構成とする。 FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same names, COMP is a comparison circuit, and Vr is a reference voltage. This comparison circuit COMP compares the voltage applied to the fourth resistor R4 connected in series with the thermistor TH of the temperature-sensitive resistance element with the reference voltage Vr, and a voltage exceeding the reference voltage Vr is input in a normal state. As described above, by selecting the resistance value of each part, the output terminal is opened, so that the voltage at the connection point of the first and second resistors R1 and R2 of the voltage dividing resistor is not affected. When the thermistor TH is not connected, the voltage applied to the resistor R4 is zero or close to the reference voltage Vr. Therefore, the output terminal is a resistance when the battery BAT exceeds the fully charged state. A voltage that is equal to or higher than the voltage at the connection point of R1 and R2 is output.
従って、サーミスタＴＨが正常に接続されている状態では、基準電圧Ｖｒに対して正常範囲内の抵抗Ｒ４の両端の電圧となり、従って、比較回路ＣＯＭＰの出力端子はオープン状態で、スイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴ１による充電出力電圧制御には影響を与えないものとなる。それにより、バッテリーＢＡＴは、サーミスタＴＨによるバッテリーＢＡＴの温度特性に対応した充電制御が行われる。又サーミスタＴＨのリード線の外れ、断線等の未接続状態の場合、分圧抵抗の抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２の接続点の電圧が、バッテリーＢＡＴの満充電を超えている場合のように、正常範囲内ではない電圧となるから、比較回路ＣＯＭＰの出力電圧により、バッテリーＢＡＴの充電中止又はそれに近い状態に制御することになり、バッテリーＢＡＴの過充電となる危険性を回避することができる。 Therefore, in a state where the thermistor TH is normally connected, the voltage across the resistor R4 is within the normal range with respect to the reference voltage Vr. Therefore, the output terminal of the comparison circuit COMP is in an open state, and is controlled by the switching control unit CONT1. The charging output voltage control is not affected. Thereby, the battery BAT is subjected to charge control corresponding to the temperature characteristics of the battery BAT by the thermistor TH. Also, when the thermistor TH leads are disconnected or disconnected, the voltage at the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2 of the voltage dividing resistor is within the normal range, such as when the battery BAT is fully charged. Therefore, the battery BAT is stopped from charging or close to the state depending on the output voltage of the comparison circuit COMP, and the risk of overcharging the battery BAT can be avoided.
図４は、本発明の実施例３の説明図であり、図１と同一符号は同一名称部分を示し、ＰＴＨは温度上昇により抵抗値が増大する感温抵抗素子で、通常ポジスタ（登録商標）と称されるものである。又Ｒ１１〜Ｒ１４は抵抗であり、第１〜第４の抵抗に相当し、抵抗Ｒ１１，Ｒ１２，Ｒ１３は分圧抵抗を構成している。この実施例３に於ける感温抵抗素子ＰＴＨは、サーミスタと反対に温度上昇により抵抗値が急速に増大する特性を有するから、バッテリーＢＡＴの温度が上昇すると、感温抵抗素子ＰＴＨの抵抗値が増大し、分圧抵抗による分圧比が変化する。例えば、バッテリーＢＡＴの温度が上昇すると、感温抵抗素子ＰＴＨの抵抗値が増加し、分圧抵抗によるスイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴに入力する分圧電圧が上昇し、バッテリーＢＡＴに対する充電電圧が上昇した場合と等価となり、スイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴは、充電電圧を低下させる方向の制御を行うことになり、反対に、バッテリーＢＡＴの温度が低下すると、感温抵抗素子ＰＴＨの抵抗値が低下し、分圧抵抗によるスイッチング制御部ＣＯＮＴに入力する分圧電圧が低下し、バッテリーＢＡＴに対する充電電圧を上昇させる方向の制御を行うことになる。なお、抵抗Ｒ１３，Ｒ１４を省略し、感温抵抗素子ＰＴＨを分圧抵抗の第２の抵抗Ｒ１２と並列に接続した構成とすることも可能である。 FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same names, and PTH is a temperature-sensitive resistance element whose resistance value increases as the temperature rises. It is called. R11 to R14 are resistors, which correspond to the first to fourth resistors, and the resistors R11, R12, and R13 constitute a voltage dividing resistor. The temperature-sensitive resistance element PTH in the third embodiment has a characteristic that the resistance value rapidly increases as the temperature rises contrary to the thermistor. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery BAT rises, the resistance value of the temperature-sensitive resistance element PTH increases. The voltage dividing ratio due to the voltage dividing resistance is increased. For example, when the temperature of the battery BAT rises, the resistance value of the temperature sensitive resistance element PTH increases, the divided voltage input to the switching control unit CONT by the voltage dividing resistor rises, and the charging voltage for the battery BAT rises. The switching control unit CONT performs control in a direction to decrease the charging voltage, and conversely, when the temperature of the battery BAT decreases, the resistance value of the temperature-sensitive resistance element PTH decreases and depends on the voltage dividing resistance. The divided voltage input to the switching control unit CONT is reduced, and the control in the direction of increasing the charging voltage for the battery BAT is performed. It is also possible to omit the resistors R13 and R14 and connect the temperature-sensitive resistor element PTH in parallel with the second resistor R12 which is a voltage dividing resistor.
ＢＡＴ バッテリー
ＴＨ サーミスタ
ＳＷ スイッチング素子
Ｔ トランス
ＲＥＣ 整流平滑回路
ＣＯＮＴ１ スイッチング制御部
Ｄ ダイオード
Ｒ１〜Ｒ４ 抵抗
BAT Battery TH Thermistor SW Switching element T Transformer REC Rectification smoothing circuit CONT1 Switching control unit D Diode R1-R4 Resistance
Claims (1)
前記バッテリーの充電電圧を印加するように直列接続した複数の抵抗からなる分圧抵抗と、
該分圧抵抗による分圧電圧を前記スイッチング制御部に入力すると共に、該分圧抵抗の中の少なくとも１個の抵抗と並列に接続した前記バッテリーの温度に従って抵抗値が低下する温度検出用のサーミスタとダイオードとの直列回路と、
前記サーミスタと前記ダイオードとの接続点の電圧を印加する第４の抵抗と、
該第４の抵抗の両端の電圧が正常範囲内であるか否かを基準電圧と比較し、正常範囲内でない時に、前記バッテリーの充電電圧を低下させる方向の電圧を前記スイッチング制御部に入力する比較回路と
を備えたことを特徴とするバッテリー充電装置。 Battery charging provided with a switching control unit that rectifies the induced voltage on the secondary side of the transformer to obtain a charging voltage for the battery, detects the charging voltage, and controls on / off of the switching element connected to the primary side of the transformer In the device,
A voltage dividing resistor composed of a plurality of resistors connected in series so as to apply a charging voltage of the battery ;
A thermistor for temperature detection in which a divided voltage by the voltage dividing resistor is input to the switching control unit, and a resistance value decreases according to the temperature of the battery connected in parallel with at least one of the voltage dividing resistors. And a series circuit of a diode,
A fourth resistor for applying a voltage at a connection point between the thermistor and the diode;
Whether the voltage across the fourth resistor is within a normal range is compared with a reference voltage, and when the voltage is not within the normal range, a voltage in a direction to decrease the charging voltage of the battery is input to the switching control unit. Comparison circuit and
Battery charging apparatus comprising the.
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| JPH08280140A (en) * | 1995-04-06 | 1996-10-22 | Shindengen Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Control circuit for charging voltage of storage battery |
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