JP4715165B2 - transmission - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a transmission, and more particularly, to a transmission having a neutral detection switch.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a transmission that performs a shift operation according to a manual operation using a change lever has been provided with a neutral detection switch in order to detect the presence of the change lever at a neutral position (Patent Document 1).

On the other hand, as described in Patent Document 1, as a mechanism for imparting an appropriate moderation feeling to the speed change operation, a predetermined shape of irregularities is provided on the peripheral surface of the sleeve fixed to the control rod. The ball member is disposed so as to move relative to the unevenness in accordance with the operation of the control rod, and the ball member is pressed and urged against the unevenness so that the resistance force when it moves over the convex portion, that is, A detent mechanism that transmits the load to the change lever as a load (detent load) is employed.
Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 64-10706

  However, in the conventional transmission, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a dedicated mechanism is provided in order to arrange the neutral detection switch. Also, the stopper function for suppressing the overstroke of the shift fork after completion of the shift in the shift direction is performed by contacting the shift sleeve of the synchronizer driven by the shift fork with the end face of the transmission gear. Since this is a position away from the change lever on the transmission mechanism, there is a case where the overstroke suppression and the stopper rigidity feeling cannot be sufficiently realized due to the accumulation of component tolerances.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is a compact that can effectively suppress the overstroke in the shift direction and provide a sufficient stopper rigidity. Is to realize a simple transmission.

In order to achieve the above object, in the transmission according to the present invention,
A control rod that is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, moves in the axial direction in conjunction with the select operation of the change lever, and rotates in the circumferential direction in conjunction with the shift operation of the change lever;
A cam-like member fixed to the control rod;
A neutral detection switch provided at a position facing the cam-like member;
A transmission having
By turning the cam-like member together with the control rod, the neutral detection switch is turned on or off,
And the cam-like member that rotates together with the control rod abuts against a contact surface provided in the transmission case at a predetermined position, thereby suppressing an overstroke in the shift direction ,
The control rod extends in the vertical direction with respect to the transmission case, a lower portion of the control rod is immersed under an oil level in the transmission, and the cam-like member is less than the oil level. It is fixed to the control rod above .

According to the above configuration, the neutral detection switch is turned on / off and the overstroke in the shift direction is suppressed by one cam-like member, so that the number of parts is reduced and the shift configuration in the shift direction is completed with a compact configuration. Can be effectively suppressed. Further, the neutral detection switch can be easily replaced without draining the oil, and transmission maintenance is facilitated.

Furthermore, a primary shaft coaxial with the engine main shaft,
A secondary shaft provided in parallel with the primary shaft, the rotation of which is transmitted from the primary shaft via a transmission gear;
A differential shaft to which rotation is transmitted from the secondary shaft via a final gear;
Further comprising
The control rod is disposed between the secondary shaft and the differential shaft, and the cam-like member is attached above a surface formed by the secondary shaft and the differential shaft. .

  Further, the upper portion of the control rod protrudes outside the transmission case, and the cam-like member is positioned close to an opening for inserting the control rod provided in the transmission case. It is characterized by being attached.

  According to such a configuration, the maintenance of the transmission is facilitated, and the layout of the cam-like members can be integrated, so that a compact layout can be realized.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the compact transmission which can suppress effectively the overstroke of a shift direction is realizable. Further, the neutral detection switch can be easily replaced without draining the oil, and transmission maintenance is facilitated.

  Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the constituent elements described in this embodiment are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to them.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram when the inside of an engine room of a vehicle 100 to which a transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied is viewed from above. In the present embodiment, an FF vehicle with a manual six-stage mission that employs a horizontally mounted engine will be described as an example.

  As shown in the figure, an engine 101 is provided in the engine room of the vehicle 100, and a transmission 103 is provided to the engine 101 via a clutch 102. The rotation of the output shaft of the transmission 103 is transmitted to the differential gear 104 and is transmitted to the drive wheels 107 and 108 via the left and right drive shafts 105 and 106.

  A change lever 110 is provided in the vehicle interior of the vehicle 100, and the operation of the change lever 110 is transmitted to a cable type change device as a part of the transmission 103 via the shift cable 121 and the select cable 122. .

  Specifically, the operation in the shift direction of the change lever 110 is transmitted to the shift outer lever 130 provided above the transmission case via the shift cable 121 and further to the upper end of the control rod 140. When the change lever 110 is shifted to the 2nd speed, the 4th speed, and the 6th speed, the shift outer lever 130 rotates about the axis of the control rod 140 in the clockwise direction in the figure, and the change lever 110 is the 1st speed, When it is shifted to 3rd speed, 5th speed, or R (reverse), it rotates counterclockwise in the figure. Since the shift outer lever 130 is fixed to the upper end of the control rod 140, when the outer lever 130 rotates, the control rod 140 also rotates by the same angle in the same direction. In the transmission case, the transmission gear in the shift direction is selected according to the rotation of the control rod 140.

  On the other hand, the operation in the select direction of the change lever 110 is transmitted to the select outer lever 135 via the select cable 122 and further to the upper end of the control rod 140. The select outer lever 135 is substantially L-shaped in the vertical direction, and its corner is pivotally supported so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction with respect to the transmission case. Accordingly, when the change lever 110 is operated to a position where the first speed or the second speed can be selected, the upper portion of the select outer lever 135 falls in the upper left direction in the drawing and the bottom portion is pushed downward, and the control rod 140 Moves down. On the other hand, when the change lever 110 is operated to a position where the fifth speed or the sixth speed can be selected, the upper portion of the select outer lever 135 is pulled, the bottom portion is urged upward, and the control rod 140 moves upward. . In accordance with such vertical movement of the control rod 140, the transmission gear in the select direction is selected in the transmission case.

(Transmission structure)
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing an internal configuration of the transmission 103 according to the embodiment of the present invention. As described above, the transmission 103 has a speed change mechanism including a speed change gear train, and transmits the rotational output from the engine of the automobile to the drive wheels. The rotational speed is changed at a gear ratio according to the speed change operation.

  The transmission case 2 supports a primary shaft 3 that rotates in accordance with the output of the engine via a bearing. And rotation of this primary shaft 3 is transmitted with respect to the secondary shaft 4 arrange | positioned in parallel with the primary shaft 3 and rotatably supported via the bearing. Further, the rotation of the secondary shaft 4 is transmitted to the axles (difference shafts) 105 and 106 via the differential gear 104.

  Seven gears are arranged on each of the primary shaft 3 and the secondary shaft 4 to form seven sets of gear trains of 1st to 6th speed and reverse. When any one of the gear trains is in a transmission state, the transmission 103 is switched to each of the first to sixth gears and the reverse gear.

  The transmission 103 includes a shift operation mechanism for converting a selection operation and a shift operation of the change lever 110 by the driver into a gear train selection operation.

<Motion by shift operation>
First, as described in FIG. 1, the shift cable 121 having one end connected to the change lever 110 is connected to the shift outer lever 130 at the other end (in this figure, provided on the shift outer lever 130. The counter weight 150 is omitted). The shift outer lever 130 is fixed to the tip of the control rod 140 on the outside of the transmission case 2. The control rod 140 is rotatably attached to the transmission case 2 via a bearing. Therefore, when the shift outer lever 130 is pulled by the shift cable 121 and rotates about the axis of the control rod 140 (B1 ← → B1 ′), the control rod 140 itself also rotates about the axis. (B2 ← → B2 ′).

  A cylindrical sleeve 31 is fixed to a lower portion of the control rod 140 in the transmission case 2. A small-diameter control rod 40 that is parallel to the control rod 140 and has a short length is fixed to the bottom surface of the transmission case 2 vertically. A sleeve 42 is rotatably attached to the control rod 40, and the sleeve 42 and the sleeve 31 are connected by a vertical axis. Therefore, when the sleeve 31 rotates, the sleeve 42 rotates in the reverse direction in conjunction with the rotation (B3 ← → B3 ′).

  On the other hand, the control rod 50 is fixed at a twisted position with respect to the control rod 40. A cylindrical sleeve 52 is also fixed around the control rod 50. The spherical engagement portion 52a protruding from the sleeve 52 toward the sleeve 42 is fitted into the bottomed cylindrical engagement portion 42a protruding from the sleeve 42 toward the sleeve 52, whereby the sleeve 42 and the sleeve 52 are inserted. It is a mechanism that works with. Therefore, when the sleeve 42 is rotated in conjunction with the rotation of the control rod 140, the sleeve 52 is moved together with the control rod 50 from the back to the front or from the front to the back in the drawing.

<Motion by select operation>
As described with reference to FIG. 1, the select cable 122 having one end connected to the change lever 110 is connected to the select outer lever 135 at the other end. The select outer lever 135 is engaged with the tip of the control rod 140 on the outside of the transmission case 2. The control rod 140 is attached to the transmission case 2 through a bearing so as to be capable of reciprocating in the axial direction. Therefore, when the upper end of the select outer lever 135 is pulled by the select cable 122 and rotates around the shaft 135a (A1 ← → A1 ′), the upper part of the control rod 140 is pulled up, and the control rod 140 is moved upward. Move (A2 ← → A2 ′). Conversely, when the select cable 122 is sent out, the control rod 140 moves downward.

  Thereby, the cylindrical sleeve 31 also moves up and down integrally with the control rod 140. The tip of the lever extending from the sleeve 31 is bifurcated, and the lever extending from the sleeve 42 is sandwiched from above and below, so that the sleeve 42 moves over the control rod 40 in synchronization with the vertical movement of the sleeve 31. Sliding (moving up and down) (A3 ← → A3 ′).

  When the sleeve 42 moves up and down in conjunction with the vertical movement of the control rod 140, the sleeve 52 rotates around the axis of the control rod 50. Since the control rod 50 is fixed to the sleeve 52, the control rod 50 itself rotates at the same time (A4 ← → A4 ′).

<Neutral switch layout>
On the other hand, a cam (cam-like member) 200 is fixed at a position above the transmission case 2 of the control rod 140, and a long diameter portion of the cam 200 is connected to a neutral switch 210 fixed to the transmission case 2. Opposite.

  The control rod 140 extends in the vertical direction with respect to the transmission case 2, and the lower part of the control rod 140 is immersed under the oil level in the transmission. The cam 200 is fixed to the control rod 140 above the oil level. On the other hand, the neutral detection switch 210 is attached from the outside of the transmission case 2.

  A primary shaft 3 coaxial with the engine main shaft, a secondary shaft 4 provided in parallel with the primary shaft 3 and transmitting the rotation from the primary shaft via the transmission gear, and transmitting the rotation from the secondary shaft 4 via the final gear The control rod 140 is disposed between the secondary shaft 4 and the differential shaft 5 inside the transmission in which the differential shafts 105 and 106 are disposed. Then, the cam 200 was attached above the surface formed by the secondary shaft and the differential shaft. The upper portion of the control rod 140 protrudes outside the transmission case 2, and the cam 200 is attached at a position close to an opening for inserting the control rod 140 provided in the transmission case 2. ing.

  The neutral switch 210 includes a spherical contact member that is biased toward the cam by a spring at the tip thereof. In accordance with the rotation of the control rod 140, the long diameter portion 200a of the cam 200 contacts or leaves the contact member, whereby the neutral switch 210 is switched. Specifically, when the change lever 110 is put into the second speed, the fourth speed, or the sixth speed, the long diameter portion 200a of the cam 200 rotates to the front side in the drawing and is separated from the neutral switch 210 (the switch is turned off). ), Abuts against the abutting wall provided in the transmission case 2. Further, when the change lever 110 is put into 1st speed, 3rd speed, 5th speed, or R (reverse), the long diameter portion 200a of the cam 200 rotates to the back side in the figure and is also separated from the neutral switch 210 (see FIG. The switch is OFF). When the change lever 110 is not in any shift position and is in the neutral position, the long diameter portion 200a of the cam 200 contacts the spherical contact member of the neutral switch 210, and the contact member is moved to the neutral switch 210. The neutral switch 210 is turned on.

<Transmission mechanism>
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 2, the lever of the sleeve 31 attached to the lower part of the control rod 140 extends toward the control rod 40 and has a bifurcated tip. The distal end of the lever 31 a is engaged with a lever 42 b extending from the sleeve 42 toward the control rod 140 side by a pin 33. Thereby, when the sleeve 31 rotates or moves, the sleeve 42 also rotates or moves in accordance with the movement.

  The control rod 50 is disposed in parallel with the primary shaft 3 and the secondary shaft 4 so as to be orthogonal to the opening surface III of the transmission case 2. And the synchronizer of the gear on the primary shaft 3 or the secondary shaft 4 is selectively actuated via the shift fork 70, and it switches to each gear stage by this.

  As described above, the concave engagement portion 42a of the sleeve 42 is slidably engaged with the spherical engagement portion 52a of the sleeve 52 fixed to the control rod 50. Accordingly, when the control rod 140 rotates (B2-B2 ′ direction), the control rod 50 slides in the axial direction (B4-B4 ′ direction), and the control rod 140 moves up and down (A2-A2 ′ direction). ) And the control rod 50 rotates around its axis (A4-A4 ′ direction).

  A cylindrical claw member 102 having a claw portion on the outer periphery is externally attached to the control rod 50 and is fixed by a pin 101. The claw member 102 has four shift forks provided corresponding to the 1-2 speed, 3-4 speed, 5-6 speed, and reverse speed, respectively (only the 1-2 speed shift fork 70 is shown in FIG. 3). In order to selectively engage with any one of them and move it in the axial direction. Then, the transmission 103 is switched to each shift stage by setting the gears of the shift stages to which the four shift forks respectively correspond.

  As an example, the 1-2-speed shift fork 70 will be described. When the control rod 50 is rotated around its axis (A4-A4 ′ direction) by selecting the change lever 110 to the 1-2 speed side, The member 102 engages with the shift fork 70 for 1-2 speed. Thereafter, the shift fork 70 for 1-2 speed is moved along the control rod 50 by the movement of the control rod 50 in the axial direction (B4-B4 ′ direction) by the shift operation of the change lever 110 to the first speed or the second speed. Move up or down. Then, the 1-2 speed shift fork 70 activates the 1-2 speed synchronizer to bring either the first speed gear or the second speed gear into the transmission state.

  Similarly to the 1-2 speed shift fork 70, the 3-4 speed shift fork is provided near the claw member 102, and the 3-4 speed shift fork is engaged with the claw member 102 of the control rod 50 in the neutral position. In addition, by moving in the axial direction (B4-B4 ′ direction), either the third speed gear or the fourth speed gear can be brought into a transmission state.

  The 5-6 speed shift fork is fitted to one end of a 5-6 speed shift rod 80 (shown only in FIG. 2) provided in parallel to the control rod 50. And it moves to the axial direction (B4-B4 'direction) integrally with the shift rod 80 for 5-6 speeds. As in the case of the shift forks for 1-2 speed and 3-4 speed, the select fork of the change lever 110 engages the shift fork for 5-6 speed and the claw member 102, and the control rod 50 by the shift operation. At the same time, the 5-6 speed shift fork is moved in the axial direction (B4-B4 ′ direction) to shift to either the 5th speed or the 6th speed.

  Further, the reverse speed shift fork is fitted on the 5-6 speed shift rod 80 so as to be relatively movable. Then, like the other shift forks, the claw member 102 engages with the reverse speed shift fork by the selection operation to the R position, and the reverse speed shift fork in the axial direction of the control rod 50 by the shift operation to the R position. To move the reverse gear to the transmission state.

  In this way, depending on the operation of the change lever 110, either the 1st to 6th gears or the reverse gear shifts from the non-transmission state to the transmission state.

<Over-stroke suppression mechanism in the shift direction>
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a II-II cross section of FIG. As described in FIG. 2, the cam 200 is fixed to the control rod 140 and rotates according to the rotation of the control rod. Therefore, the long diameter portion 200a of the cam 200 includes a neutral position 200a-1, a R, 1st, 3rd or 5th speed position 200a-2, and a 2nd, 4th and 6th speed position 200a-3. Move one position. And when the long diameter part 200a of the cam 200 moves to the position 200a-3 of 2nd speed, 4th speed, and 6th speed, it abuts against the contact surface 2a provided in the transmission case 2 and suppresses overstroke.

  As described above, the neutral switch 210 includes a spherical abutting member 210a urged toward the cam side by a spring at the tip thereof, and the long diameter portion 200a of the cam 200 changes according to the rotation of the control rod 140. When the contact member 210a is pushed into the neutral switch 210, the neutral switch 210 is switched. According to the embodiment described above, the neutral detection switch is turned on / off and the overstroke in the shift direction is suppressed by one cam-like member, so that the number of parts is reduced and the configuration in the shift direction is reduced. The overstroke after the end of the shift can be effectively suppressed. In addition, the cam-like member is fixed to the control rod above the oil level, and the neutral detection switch is attached from the outside of the transmission case, so the neutral detection switch can be easily replaced without draining the oil. And maintenance of the transmission becomes easy.

  Furthermore, a primary shaft that is coaxial with the engine main shaft, a secondary shaft that is provided in parallel with the primary shaft and that transmits rotation via the transmission gear from the primary shaft, and that rotation is transmitted from the secondary shaft via the final gear. The control rod is arranged between the secondary shaft and the differential shaft, and the cam-like member is mounted above the surface formed by the secondary shaft and the differential shaft, so a compact layout is provided. Can be realized.

  Furthermore, the control rod has an upper part that protrudes outside the transmission case, and the cam-like member is attached to a position close to the opening for inserting the control rod provided in the transmission case, so it is compact. A simple layout can be realized.

(Other embodiments)
In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment, It includes other various embodiment. That is, in the above-described embodiment, the sleeve 52 provided with the concavo-convex portion 52b is a separate member from the control rod 50. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the sleeve 52 and the control rod 50 may be integrated.

  In the above embodiment, the reverse speed is arranged next to the first speed in the shift pattern of the shift operation. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the reverse speed is set next to any one of the second speed, the fifth speed, and the sixth speed. You may arrange.

  In the above embodiment, the horizontal engine is adopted and the FF vehicle having a manual five-stage mission has been exemplarily described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the vertical engine, the six-stage mission, It can also be used for RR vehicles.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram when a vehicle to which a transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied is viewed from above. FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a shift operation mechanism portion of a transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is II sectional drawing of FIG. It is II-II sectional drawing of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

100 Vehicle 101 Engine 102 Clutch 103 Transmission 104 Differential gear 105, 106 Drive shaft 107, 108 Drive wheel 109 Frame 110 Change lever 121, 122 Cable 130 Shift outer lever 135 Select outer lever 140 Control rod 52 Sleeve 53 Guide plate 54 Detent member

Claims (4)

A control rod that is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, moves in the axial direction in conjunction with the select operation of the change lever, and rotates in the circumferential direction in conjunction with the shift operation of the change lever;
A cam-like member fixed to the control rod;
A neutral detection switch provided at a position facing the cam-like member;
A transmission having
By turning the cam-like member together with the control rod, the neutral detection switch is turned on or off,
And the cam-like member that rotates together with the control rod abuts against a contact surface provided in the transmission case at a predetermined position, thereby suppressing an overstroke in the shift direction ,
The control rod extends in the vertical direction with respect to the transmission case, a lower portion of the control rod is immersed under an oil level in the transmission, and the cam-like member is less than the oil level. A transmission characterized by being fixed to the control rod in the upper part .   The transmission according to claim 1, wherein the neutral detection switch is attached from the outside of the transmission case. Furthermore, a primary shaft coaxial with the engine main shaft,
A secondary shaft provided in parallel with the primary shaft, the rotation of which is transmitted from the primary shaft via a transmission gear;
A differential shaft to which rotation is transmitted from the secondary shaft via a final gear;
Further comprising
The control rod is disposed between the secondary shaft and the differential shaft, and the cam-like member is attached above a surface formed by the secondary shaft and the differential shaft. The transmission according to claim 1.   The upper part of the control rod protrudes outside the transmission case, and the cam-like member is attached to a position close to an opening for inserting the control rod provided in the transmission case. The transmission according to claim 1.

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