JP4713930B2 - Dredge equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a dredge device for dredging earth and sand from the bottom of a dam lake, harbor, or the like.

As a dredging device for dredging sediment deposited on the bottom of a dam lake, harbor or pond swamp, etc., a cutter is attached to the lower end of the outer pipe of the double pipe, and the outer pipe is rotated by a rotating device installed on a water-borne carriage. There is a dredge device that is configured to rotate.
In this dredging device, the sediment deposited on the bottom of the water can be excavated by a cutter by suspending the double pipe from the carriage and rotating the outer pipe. And it is comprised so that excavation earth and sand may be sucked up and drained from an inner pipe with water using the transfer pump provided in the base boat (for example, refer patent document 1).

  Further, the cutter of the dredger device has a configuration in which a bit is attached to the lower ends of a plurality of vertical plates attached to the outer tube, and each vertical plate has a shape curved in the rotation direction of the outer tube. Yes. As a result, during excavation, excavated earth and sand are guided by the vertical plate and collected in the center of the cutter, and then are sucked up from the inner pipe and discharged.

Compared with dredging equipment that scrubs the bottom of the sand with a grab, the dredging device with such a configuration can reduce the amount of sand rising up into the water at the time of cutting, and it is not necessary to pull up the grab onto the water , Can prevent the spread of earth and sand into the water, can reduce the generation of muddy water. Further, the excavated earth and sand is sucked up and transferred from the inner pipe, and by extending the inner pipe, the transport distance of the excavated earth and sand can be increased.
Furthermore, since the suction efficiency of earth and sand is increased as compared with a dredging device that directly sucks up sediment at the bottom of the water with a transfer pump, the mud content of discharged mud can be increased.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2003-166262 (paragraph 0023, FIG. 2)

  However, the dredging device is configured so that the excavated earth and sand collected in the center of the cutter is sucked up from the lower end of the inner pipe, so that impurities such as branches and stones contained in the excavated earth and sand are sucked up. There is a problem that this contaminant is clogged in the transfer pump.

  Accordingly, in the present invention, when the above-mentioned problem is solved and the excavated soil excavated from the bottom of the water is excavated, impurities such as branches and stones contained in the excavated sediment are discharged into the excavated means. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dredger device that can prevent clogging and can drown the sediment on the bottom of the water efficiently.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention described in claim 1 is a dredging device, a cutter for excavating sediment on the bottom of the water, a cylindrical part provided above the cutter, and provided inside the cylindrical part. A chamber formed between the cutter driving device, the fountain nozzle that is provided on the outer surface of the cylindrical body and fountains in the direction of excavation, and the partition wall that blocks the bottom of the cylindrical body A water supply means provided in the chamber, and a soil discharge means for discharging the excavated earth and sand taken into the chamber through an opening provided in the cutter by a transfer pump provided in the cylindrical body part , It is characterized by having.

  As described above, the dredge apparatus of the present invention is configured such that excavated earth and sand are taken in through the opening provided in the cutter, and impurities such as branches and stones included in the excavated earth and sand are caught in the opening. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the foreign matter from being clogged with the soil removal means and to improve the excavation efficiency.

  The invention described in claim 2 is the scissor device described in claim 1, characterized in that the opening provided in the cutter is closed by a mesh member.

As described above, in the dredge device of the present invention, the opening provided in the cutter is closed by the mesh member, and when the excavated earth is taken into the chamber through the opening, the twigs included in the excavated earth and sand Since small impurities such as pebbles and the like are caught by the mesh member and removed, it is possible to reliably prevent the impurities from being clogged with the soil discharging means.
The mesh member is a steel slit or mesh filter provided in the opening, and the mesh is set at an interval at which small impurities contained in the excavated soil are caught. .

  The invention according to claim 3 is the scissor device according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the cutter is detachably provided with a cover member that covers part or all of the opening. It is characterized by that.

  Thus, in the dredging device of the present invention, by removing the cover member that covers a part or all of the opening of the cutter, the opening ratio of the opening is set to 10% or 20% with respect to the area of the cutter excavation surface. Etc. can be changed. And by setting the opening ratio of the opening according to the particle size of the sediment at the bottom of the water and the size of the impurities contained in the sediment, the excavated sediment can be taken in efficiently and Objects can be effectively removed.

In addition, a cutter driving device and a soil removal means transfer pump are provided inside the cylindrical body, and when excavating the bottom sediment, the load of the drive device and the transfer pump acts on the cutter. Since the cutter is pressed against the earth and sand, the excavation efficiency can be increased.

Further , water supply means is provided in the chamber, and by supplying water into the chamber from the water supply means, the excavated earth and sand is mixed with water to become muddy water in the chamber, and this muddy water is discharged by the earth discharging means. Become. At this time, by adjusting the amount of water supplied from the water supply means to reduce the concentration of earth and sand and impurities contained in the muddy water, it is possible to prevent the earth and sand and foreign substances from being clogged in the soil discharge means. , Can increase the drilling efficiency.
Furthermore, by adjusting the amount of water supplied from the water supply means and stabilizing the concentration of the earth and sand contained in the muddy water in the chamber, the soil discharge means can discharge the muddy water with a constant suction force. Therefore, it is not necessary to switch the suction force of the transfer pump during the discharging operation. Thereby, since muddy water can be discharged | emitted continuously and stably, excavation efficiency can be improved.
In addition, a fountain nozzle that fountains in the direction of excavation is provided on the outer side surface of the cylindrical body portion, and the sediment around the cutter can be excavated by the fountain from the fountain nozzle, so that excavation efficiency can be improved. .

The invention according to claim 4 is the dredging device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the cutter is configured such that the excavation surface rotates about an axis in the advancing direction. The excavation surface of the cutter is provided with a bit string in which a plurality of bits are arranged in a line from the center of rotation toward the outer edge, and the bit string is curved in an arc shape.

  Thus, in the dredge device of the present invention, the bit string is attached from the rotation center of the excavation surface of the cutter toward the outer edge portion, and even when the cutter hits underground rock or hard earth and sand, Since the cutting can be surely performed by the bit string, excavation work can be continued. In addition, since the bit string is curved in an arc shape, it is possible to reduce the excavation resistance that acts on the entire bit string from the earth during excavation, so that the cutter can be rotated at a low output to efficiently excavate the sediment at the bottom of the water. it can.

The invention according to claim 5 is the dredging device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the cutter is configured such that the excavation surface rotates around an axis in the advancing direction. The cutting surface of the cutter is characterized in that a bit string in which a plurality of bits are arranged in the rotation direction is attached.

  Here, the bit string in which a plurality of bits are arranged in the rotation direction is, for example, a configuration arranged so as to be concentric with the rotation center of the excavation surface, or a configuration arranged in a spiral shape with respect to the rotation center of the cutter and so on.

  Thus, in the dredge apparatus of the present invention, the bit string is attached in the rotation direction of the excavation surface of the cutter, and even when the cutter hits underground rock or hard earth and sand, the bit string ensures cutting. Therefore, excavation work can be continued. In addition, since the bit string is arranged in the rotation direction, it is possible to reduce the excavation resistance that acts on the entire bit string from the earth during excavation, so that the cutter can be rotated at a low output to efficiently excavate the sediment at the bottom of the water. it can.

Further, the invention according to claim 6 is the dredger device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the excavated earth and sand taken in the chamber are stored in the chamber. A crushing means for crushing is provided.

  As described above, in the dredger of the present invention, the crushing means for crushing the excavated sediment and the contaminants taken into the chamber is provided, and the excavated sediment and the contaminants are pulverized and made fine in the chamber. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the excavation earth and dirt and clogs from being clogged with the soil removal means, and the excavation efficiency can be improved.

  The configuration of the crushing means is not limited, such as a configuration in which the crushing blade is rotated in the chamber or a configuration in which the crushing blade is attached to the suction port of the soil discharging means. In addition, it is preferable to provide a plurality of crushing blades to reliably crush impurities.

The invention described in Claim 7 is a dredging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, fountains direction fountain nozzle, obliquely outward of the cylindrical body portion It is characterized by being set.

  Thus, in the dredging apparatus of the present invention, since the fountain direction of the fountain nozzle is set obliquely toward the outside of the cylindrical body portion, the excavation area around the cutter by the fountain nozzle can be expanded. Thereby, when excavating a predetermined area | region by changing the excavation position of a dredging apparatus sequentially, the frequency | count of change of an excavation position can be decreased. Moreover, since the amount of excavation per digging distance increases, excavation efficiency can be increased.

The invention according to claim 8 is the dredging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the cutter is configured to rotate around an axis in the digging direction, A plurality of cutters are provided below the part, and the same number of cutters rotating in one direction and cutters rotating in the other direction are provided.

  Thus, in the dredge device of the present invention, the cutter is configured to rotate around the axis in the excavation direction, and the same number of cutters are provided that rotate in one direction and cutters that rotate in the other direction. During the excavation, the rotational force of each cutter is canceled out. As a result, the moment that each cutter gives to the entire apparatus can be reduced, so that the entire apparatus can be configured in a simple manner, and the earth and sand can be excavated in a stable state with each cutter. Can be increased.

The invention according to claim 9 is the dredging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the cutter is configured to rotate around an axis in the digging direction, A plurality of cutters are provided below the part, and adjacent cutters are arranged shifted from each other in the digging direction, and an overcutter that protrudes outward is attached to the outer peripheral side part of each cutter. It is characterized by being.

  As described above, in the dredge device of the present invention, the adjacent cutters are arranged so as to be shifted from each other in the digging direction, and when the respective cutters are rotated, the contact of the overcutters protruding from the outer peripheral side portions of the respective cutters Can be prevented. Therefore, even when adjacent cutters are arranged close to each other, an overcutter can be attached to each cutter, and the excavation area of the cutter can be expanded by the overcutter. Thereby, when excavating a predetermined area | region by changing the excavation position of a dredging apparatus sequentially, the frequency | count of change of an excavation position can be decreased. Moreover, since the amount of excavation per digging distance increases, excavation efficiency can be increased.

The invention according to claim 10 is the dredging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the cutter is configured to rotate around an axis in the digging direction, and is a cylindrical body. A plurality of cutters are provided below the part, and each adjacent cutter is configured to rotate synchronously. An overcutter protruding outward is attached to the outer peripheral side part of each cutter. It is characterized by having.

  Thus, in the dredge device of the present invention, each adjacent cutter is configured to rotate synchronously, and by shifting the timing at which the overcutter of each adjacent cutter passes between each cutter, When each cutter is rotated, the contact of the overcutter protruding from the outer peripheral side portion of each cutter can be prevented. Therefore, even when adjacent cutters are arranged close to each other, an overcutter can be attached to each cutter, and the excavation area of the cutter can be expanded by the overcutter. Thereby, when excavating a predetermined area | region by changing the excavation position of a dredging apparatus sequentially, the frequency | count of change of an excavation position can be decreased. Moreover, since the amount of excavation per digging distance increases, excavation efficiency can be increased.

  According to the dredger of the present invention, when excavated soil is taken into the chamber through the opening provided in the cutter for excavating the bottom sediment, impurities such as branches and stones included in the excavated sediment are opened. It will be removed by being caught on the part, which can prevent clogging of the dirt in the soil removal means and increase excavation efficiency, so the construction period is shortened compared to the conventional It is possible to reduce the construction cost.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the scissor device of this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing the scissor device of the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the scissor device of the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a scissor system using the scissor apparatus of the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the left-right direction corresponds to the left-right direction in FIG.
In this embodiment, a dredging device for dredging sediment deposited on the bottom of a dam lake and a dredging system using the dredging device will be described as an example.

(Configuration of dredging device)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, dredging device 1 excavates earth and sand deposited on the bottom of a dam lake (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “accumulated earth and sand”) and discharges the excavated earth and sand onto the water. The crane on the carrier D is provided with two cutters 10 and 10 for excavating the sediment and the cylindrical body 20 provided above the cutters 10 and 10 and floating on the dam lake. When the cylinder part 20 is suspended from K, each cutter 10 and 10 is comprised so that it may contact | abut to the sediment sediment of a water bottom.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the cylindrical body portion 20 is a steel box, and in a sealed interior, hydraulic motors 21 and 21 that are driving devices of the cutters 10 and 10, and excavated earth and sand And a sand pump 41 ("transfer pump" in the claims).
The partition wall 22 that closes the bottom portion of the cylindrical body portion 20 is attached slightly above the lower end edge of the cylindrical body portion 20.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the cutter 10 is a cutting member for excavating the sediment deposited on the bottom of the water, and is made of a dish-shaped member formed in an inverted conical shape. It is arranged in parallel in the left-right direction below the cylindrical portion 20.

  A bit string 11A in which a plurality of bits 11... Are arranged in a straight line from the center to the outer edge is attached to the excavation surface 10a, which is the lower surface of the cutter 10, and four bit strings 11A. Are attached in a radial shape (in the present embodiment, a cross shape). And the opening part 12 has penetrated along the bit row | line | column 11A in the site | part adjacent to the circumferential direction of the bit row | line | column 11A of 1 row | line | column, and there are a plurality (four places in this embodiment) opening portions in one cutter 10. 12 ... are provided. As a result, excavated soil is taken into the chamber 30 which is a space between the bottom surfaces of the cutters 10 and 10 and the partition wall 22 of the cylindrical body portion 20 through the openings 12.

  Each opening 12 is closed by a mesh member 13 so that an object having a predetermined size or more cannot pass through. The mesh member 13 is a steel slit or a mesh filter, and the mesh is set at an interval at which impurities such as twigs and pebbles contained in the sediment are not allowed to pass through. It is set appropriately according to the construction site.

Further, a lower end portion of a vertical shaft 23 protruding downward from the cylindrical body portion 20 is attached to a central portion 10 b of the upper surface of the cutter 10 (the back surface of the excavation surface 10 a). It is free to rotate around.
The vertical shaft 23 is inserted through a through hole 22a provided in the partition wall 22 of the cylindrical body portion 20, and a driven gear 24 having a tooth surface around the shaft is attached to the upper end portion.
A hydraulic motor 21 having a drive gear 25 that meshes with the driven gear 24 of the vertical shaft 23 is provided in the cylindrical body portion 20, and the drive gear 25 is rotated by driving the hydraulic motor 21. Thus, the driven gear 24 of the vertical shaft 23 is rotated, and the cutter 10 is configured to rotate about the axis together with the vertical shaft 23.
In the present embodiment, the left and right cutters 10 and 10 are configured to rotate in opposite directions.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the distal end portion of the water pipe 26 whose base end portion is connected to the submersible pump P (see FIG. 4) provided in the water protrudes into the cylindrical body portion 20. The distal end portion of the water supply pipe 26 is bifurcated in the cylindrical body portion 20.
Here, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the dredger device 1 includes a plurality of fountain nozzles 26 a... Provided on the outer surface of the cylindrical body 20 and a plurality of water supplies provided in the chamber 30. Pipe 26b ("water supply means" in the claims), fountain nozzle 26c for fountaining from the lower surface of the cutter 10 through each vertical shaft 23, and between the cutters 10 and 10 and below the cylindrical portion 20 The four fountain nozzles 26d... Project from the water supply pipe 26 through the diversion pipes 26e connected to the lower end of the water supply pipe 26, and the fountain nozzles 26a, 26c, 26d, and The water supply pipe 26b is configured to be supplied with water. In this embodiment, the fountain nozzles 26a, 26c, and 26d are configured to fountain vertically downward.
As described above, in the dredging device 1, water can be sprayed onto the sedimentary sediment from each of the fountain nozzles 26 a, 26 c, and 26 d, and water is supplied into the chamber 30 from the water supply pipe 26 b provided in the chamber 30. Can do.
Further, a water pressure adjusting means (not shown) for adjusting the water pressure fountained from each of the fountain nozzles 26 a, 26 c, 26 d is provided in the cylindrical body portion 20.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, soil discharge means 40 for transferring excavated earth and sand in the chamber 30 onto the water is provided in the cylindrical body portion 20.
The earth discharging means 40 is composed of a sand pump 41 for sucking and sending earth and sand, and a suction pipe 42 and a delivery pipe 43 connected to the sand pump 41.

The sand pump 41 is an existing transfer pump that sucks muddy water from the suction port and sends it out from the delivery port, and is disposed at a substantially central portion in the cylindrical body portion 20.
The suction pipe 42 has an upper end communicating with the suction port of the sand pump 41, and a lower end branched into two branches in the left-right direction passes through the partition wall 22 and protrudes into the chamber 30.
The delivery pipe 43 has an upper end port disposed on the carriage D (see FIG. 4) and a lower end port communicating with the delivery port of the sand pump 41.

  According to such earth discharging means 40, when the sediment sediment on the bottom of the water is excavated by each cutter 10, 10, it is taken into chamber 30 from each opening 12... Of each cutter 10, 10. The excavated soil mixed with water is sucked from the lower end of the suction pipe 42 together with the water by the sand pump 41 as muddy water. Then, the muddy water sent from the sand pump 41 to the delivery pipe 43 is conveyed through the delivery pipe 43 onto the surface carrier D (see FIG. 4).

(浚 渫 System configuration)
Next, a scissor system using the scissor device 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4, the dredging system suspends the dredging device 1 from the dredging device 1 for excavating and discharging the sediment at the bottom of the water, a trolley D placed on the water, and the trolley D. Trommel T, which is a cylindrical sieve that sorts the excavated sediment discharged from dredging equipment 1 into muddy water and gravel and gravel, and the mud that has passed through Trommel T is condensed and classified into water and sand. The wet cyclone C, which is a centrifugal separator, and the high mesh separator H, which is a classifier for dewatering the sand discharged from the wet cyclone C, are equipped with a trommel T, a wet cyclone C and a high mesh separator H. A transport ship S that is disposed above and transports sand discharged from the high mesh separator H is disposed on the water.
In addition, since the crane K, the trommel T, the wet cyclone C, and the high mesh separator H use the existing apparatus, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted in this embodiment.

(浚 渫 work by the 浚 渫 system)
Next, the dredging work by the dredging system using the dredging device 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 4, the dredger device 1 is lowered into the water by the crane K on the carriage D, and the cutters 10 and 10 are brought into contact with the sediment.

Then, as shown in FIG. 1, the hydraulic motors 21, 21 of the dredging device 1 are driven to rotate the cutters 10, 10, thereby excavating the sediment (see FIG. 4) by the cutters 10, 10. .
At this time, on the excavation surface 10a of the cutter 10, four rows of bit rows 11A arranged in a row from the central portion toward the outer edge portion are attached in a radial (cross-shaped) manner. Even when the cutter 10 hits the earth and sand, it can be surely cut by the bit rows 11A, and the excavation work can be continued.

  Further, the cutters 10 and 10 rotate in directions opposite to each other, and since the rotational force of the cutters 10 and 10 cancels each other during excavation, the moment that the cutters 10 and 10 impart to the entire apparatus is reduced. Furthermore, since the sedimentary earth and sand can be excavated in a state where the cutters 10 and 10 are stable, excavation efficiency is high.

  Further, the hydraulic motors 21 and 21 and the sand pump 41 are accommodated in the cylindrical body portion 20, and when excavating the sediment at the bottom of the water, the hydraulic motors 21 and 21 and the sand pump 41 are sanded with respect to the cutters 10 and 10. Since the load of the pump 41 acts and the cutters 10 and 10 are pressed against the sediment, the excavation efficiency is high.

  Further, the sedimentary sediment is formed by the fountain nozzles 26 a... Provided on the outer surface of the cylindrical body 20, the fountain nozzle 26 c fountained from the lower surface of the cutter 10, and the fountain nozzle 26 d protruding between the cutters 10, 10. Since the earth and sand around the cutters 10 and 10 can be excavated by spraying water on them, excavation efficiency is high. Furthermore, even if it is hard sedimentary earth and sand by operating a water pressure adjusting means (not shown) and adjusting the pressure of water sprayed from the water supply nozzles 26a, 26c and 26d according to the hardness of the sedimentary earth and sand. You can excavate reliably.

  The excavated earth and sand excavated by the cutters 10 and 10 is taken into the chamber 30 from the openings 12... Provided in the cutters 10 and 10. And the mud is stored in the chamber 30 when the excavated earth and sand in the chamber 30 is mixed with the water supplied from each of the water supply pipes 26b.

  At this time, the respective openings 12... Of the respective cutters 10, 10 are closed by the mesh member 13 and are included in the excavated earth when the excavated earth is taken into the chamber 30 through the openings 12. Since small impurities such as twigs and pebbles are caught by the mesh member 13 and removed, it is prevented that the impurities are clogged in the soil discharging means 40 such as the sand pump 41, the suction pipe 42, and the delivery pipe 43. , Sediment can be efficiently dredged.

Then, the muddy water in the chamber 30 is sucked from the suction pipe 42 by the sand pump 41 and supplied from the sand pump 41 to the trommel T on the carriage D through the delivery pipe 43. In this way, the sediments excavated by the cutters 10 and 10 are discharged to the sea.
In Trommel T, to which muddy water is supplied from the dredger 1, gravel and gravel are selected and removed from the muddy water, and then the muddy water is supplied to the wet cyclone C and the selected gravel and gravel is supplied to the water carrier S. .
In the wet cyclone C to which muddy water is supplied from the trommel T, the muddy water is condensed and classified into water and sand, and then the sand is supplied to the high mesh separator H. In the present embodiment, the water discharged from the wet cyclone C is supplied to the water supply pipe 26 of the dredger device 1.
In the high mesh separator H to which the sand is supplied from the wet cyclone C, the supplied sand is dehydrated, the water is discharged into the water of the dam lake, and the sand is supplied to the water transport ship S to be transported.

As described above, in the dredging system of the present embodiment, the sediment at the bottom of the water can be efficiently excavated and discharged, so that the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced as compared with the conventional case. be able to. And by separating the discharged muddy water into water and earth and sand, the accumulated earth and sand can be effectively reused.
Moreover, since the amount of excavated sediment in the water is very small when excavating the sediment by the dredging device 1, the influence on the natural environment can be suppressed.
Furthermore, since the excavated soil is sucked using the sand pump 41 after excavating the sediment with the cutters 10, 10, the mud content in the discharged mud is high, and the soil discharging efficiency is high. It has become.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing another configuration of the scissors device of the present embodiment, in which FIG. 5A is a bottom view of a configuration in which a cover member is attached to the opening, and FIG. 5B is a view of the cylindrical body viewed from below. It is. FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing another configuration of the scissors apparatus of the present embodiment, in which FIG. 6A is a bottom view of a cutter to which a curved bit string is attached, and FIG. 6B is a curved bit string to which a curved bit string is attached. The bottom view of the structure which attached the cover member to the opening part in the cutter currently used, (c) is a bottom view of the cutter to which the helical bit row | line | column is attached. FIG. 7 is a view showing another configuration of the dredge device of the present embodiment, where (a) is a side sectional view of the configuration provided with the crushing device, and (b) is a configuration provided with the crushing device. The figure which looked at the cylinder part from the lower part, (c) is the figure which looked at the cutter of the structure by which the grinding | pulverization apparatus is provided from the upper part. FIG. 8 is a side view of a configuration in which the fountain direction of the fountain nozzle is set obliquely downward toward the outside of the cylindrical body portion, showing another configuration of the dredger device of the present embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another configuration of the scissors device of the present embodiment, and is a side sectional view of the configuration with an overcutter attached.

  For example, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the opening 12 of the cutter 10 is closed by the mesh member 13, but impurities contained in the excavated earth and sand cannot pass through the opening 12. In the case of a size, the mesh member 13 may not be attached. In this configuration, impurities are caught by the opening 12 and removed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5A, a cover member 12a that covers a part of the opening 12 is detachably attached to the excavation surface 10a of the cutter 10, and the excavation surface 10a of the cutter 10 is covered by the cover member 12a. You may comprise so that the aperture ratio of the opening part 12 with respect to an area may be changed. In this configuration, the opening ratio of the opening 12 is set to 10% relative to the area of the excavation surface 10a of the cutter 10 in accordance with the particle size of the sediment and the size of the impurities contained in the sediment. By changing to 20% or the like, the excavated earth and sand can be efficiently taken in from the opening 12, and impurities can be effectively removed by the opening 12. In addition, you may set the opening ratio of the opening part 12 with respect to the excavation surface 10a of the cutter 10 by completely closing the opening part 12 of several places among the several opening parts 12 ... with the cover member 12a.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, four fountain nozzles 26d are projected downward from between the cutters 10 and 10, but each fountain nozzle 26d is removed. As shown in FIG. 5B, two water supply pipes 26 f and 26 f protruding into the chamber 30 may be provided at a position between the cutters 10 and 10. In this configuration, the diversion pipes 26e (see FIG. 1) that supply water to the fountain nozzles 26d (see FIG. 2) are connected to the water supply pipes 26f and 26f, and the water supply pipes 26f and 26f are excavated at the time of excavation. By supplying water into the chamber 30, the amount of water supplied into the chamber 30 can be increased. Thereby, since the density | concentration of the earth and sand contained in the muddy water in the chamber 30 can be reduced, the earth discharging means 40 can be prevented from being clogged, and the excavation efficiency can be improved. Can be increased.

In addition, by adjusting the amount of water supplied from each of the water supply pipes 26b and 26f in the chamber 30 to stabilize the concentration of earth and sand and impurities contained in the muddy water in the chamber 30, the sand pump 41 has a constant suction. Since muddy water can be discharged by force, there is no need to switch the suction force of the sand pump 41 during the discharging operation. Thereby, since muddy water can be discharged | emitted continuously and stably, excavation efficiency can be improved.
In addition, it is preferable that the inner diameters of the lower ends of the water supply pipes 26f and 26f are narrowed to increase the flow rate of the water discharged from the water supply port at the lower end so that the earth and sand and foreign matters are mixed uniformly. .

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, four rows of bit strings 11A are attached to the excavation surface 10a of the cutter 10 in a cross shape from the center, but the arrangement of the bit rows 11A is as follows. Without being limited thereto, as shown in FIG. 6A, a bit string 11B that is curved in an arc shape toward the rear in the rotation direction of the cutter 10 as it goes from the center of the cutter 10 to the outer edge. It may be attached. Thus, by curving the bit row 11B in an arc shape, the excavation resistance acting on the entire bit row 11B from the earth and sand during excavation can be reduced. Therefore, the cutter 10 is rotated at a low output, and the sediment is efficiently collected. Can be excavated.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 6A, the openings 12 are provided at eight locations, and the opening ratio of the openings 12... Is 20% with respect to the excavation surface 10 a of the cutter 10. However, as shown in FIG. 6B, the opening ratio can be set to 10% by closing the four openings 12... Where the bit string 11B is not attached with the cover member 12a. As described above, the opening ratio of the opening 12 is changed in accordance with the particle size of the sedimentary sediment to be excavated and the size of the impurities contained in the sediment, and the excavated sediment can be efficiently taken in from the opening 12. It is preferable to make it possible.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6C, a bit string 11 </ b> C in which a plurality of bits 11... Are arranged on the excavation surface 10 a of the cutter 10 in a spiral shape with respect to the rotation center of the cutter 10. It may be attached. Also in this configuration, the excavation resistance acting on the entire bit string 11C from the earth and sand during excavation can be reduced, so that the sediment 10 can be excavated efficiently by rotating the cutter 10 at a low output. As another configuration of the bit string 11C in which the plurality of bits 11 are arranged in the rotation direction, for example, the plurality of bits 11 are arranged so as to be concentric with the rotation center of the cutter 10. There is a structure, and it is preferable to change appropriately according to the geology of sediments.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7A, there is provided a pulverizing means for pulverizing excavated earth and sand taken into the chamber 30 and foreign substances taken into the chamber 30 through the opening 12. May be. The crushing means includes a plurality of upper blades 51... Suspended from the lower surface of the partition wall 22 of the cylindrical body 20 and a plurality of lower blades 52. The upper blade 51 is configured so that a slight gap is provided between the lower edge of the upper blade 51 and the upper edge of the lower blade 52.
As shown in FIG. 7B, six upper blades 51 are provided for each of the vertical shafts 23, 23, and the upper blades 51 are arranged radially from the vertical shaft 23 at equal intervals. Has been.
As shown in FIG. 7C, four lower blades 52 are provided for each of the vertical shafts 23, 23, and the lower blades 52 are arranged radially from the vertical shaft 23 at equal intervals. Has been. Each of the lower blades 52 is attached to a side surface of the vertical shaft 23 and is curved so as to constitute a screw at a lower portion of the vertical shaft 23.

  As described above, in the configuration in which the crushing means is provided in the chamber 30, the excavated sediment and foreign matter taken into the chamber 30 rotate together with the upper blade 51 fixed to the cylindrical body portion 20 and the cutter 10. Since it is sandwiched between the lower blade 52 and pulverized, the excavated earth and dirt can be made fine. Thereby, since it is possible to reliably prevent the excavated earth and dirt from being clogged with the earth discharging means 40, the excavation efficiency can be increased.

  In the above-described pulverizing means, four upper blades 51 and six lower blades 52 are arranged for one cutter 10, but excavated earth and dirt can be finely pulverized. If so, the number of sheets is not limited. Moreover, as a grinding | pulverization means, the structure which attaches a rotary grinding | pulverization blade to the lower end port of the suction pipe 42 of the sand pump 41 (refer FIG. 1) may be used, and it can grind | pulverize excavated earth and dirt finely. If it exists, the structure is not limited.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, although the some fountain nozzle 26a ... provided in the outer surface of the cylinder part 20 is comprised so that a fountain may be perpendicularly directed toward the downward direction. As shown in FIG. 8, the fountain direction of each fountain nozzle 26 a... May be set obliquely downward (an angle of 30 ° in FIG. 8) toward the outside of the cylindrical body portion 20. In this configuration, the excavation area around the cutter by each of the fountain nozzles 26a can be expanded. Therefore, when excavating a predetermined area by sequentially changing the excavation position of the dredging device 1, the number of times the excavation position is changed Can be reduced. Furthermore, since the amount of excavation per digging distance increases, excavation efficiency can be increased.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the two cutters 10 and 10 are rotated in opposite directions. However, the number of the cutters 10 is not limited, and many cutters are used. 10 can be provided, but the number of cutters 10 rotating in one direction and the number of cutters 10 rotating in the opposite direction are the same number, that is, the total number of cutters 10 is an even number, and the rotation direction is reversed every half. Thus, it is preferable to cancel the rotational force of the cutter 10.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of overcutters 60 projecting outward are attached to the outer peripheral sides of the cutters 10 and 10, and the periphery of the cutters 10 and 10 is secured by the overcutters 60. The excavation area may be increased and the excavation amount may be increased by excavating the accumulated sediment. In this configuration, the adjacent cutters 10 and 10 are arranged so as to be shifted from each other in the height direction (digging direction), thereby preventing contact of the overcutters 60 attached to the cutters 10 and 10. . As a result, even when the adjacent cutters 10 and 10 are arranged close to each other, the overcutter 60 can be attached to each of the cutters 10 and 10, and the excavation position of the dredge apparatus 1 is sequentially changed. Thus, when excavating a predetermined region, the number of excavation position changes can be reduced. Furthermore, since the amount of excavation per digging distance increases, excavation efficiency can be increased. In the configuration shown in FIG. 9, the attachment 23 a is interposed between the left cutter 10 and the vertical shaft 23 so that the position of the left cutter 10 is arranged below the right cutter 10.

  Further, in the configuration in which the overcutter 60 is attached to each cutter 10, 10, the respective cutters 10, 10 are rotated in synchronization with each other, and each overcutter 60. By shifting the timing of passing between them, even if the heights of the cutters 10 and 10 are the same, the contact of the overcutters 60 can be prevented.

  Furthermore, in the dredging system of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the muddy water discharged from the dredging device 1 is separated and reused. However, the muddy water is not separated and reused in rivers and natural sedimentation lakes downstream of the dam. It may be discharged and can be determined as appropriate in consideration of the natural environment.

It is the fragmentary sectional view which showed the scissors apparatus of this embodiment. It is the bottom view which showed the scissors apparatus of this embodiment. It is the side view which showed the scissors apparatus of this embodiment. It is the schematic which showed the scissor system using the scissor apparatus of this embodiment. It is the figure which showed the other structure of the scissors apparatus of this embodiment, (a) is a bottom view of the structure which attached the cover member to the opening part, (b) is the figure which looked at the cylinder part from the downward direction. It is the figure which showed the other structure of the scissors apparatus of this embodiment, (a) is a bottom view of the cutter to which the curved bit row is attached, (b) is the cutter to which the curved bit row is attached. FIG. 5B is a bottom view of a configuration in which a cover member is attached to the opening, and FIG. 5C is a bottom view of a cutter to which a spiral bit string is attached. It is the figure which showed the other structure of the dredge apparatus of this embodiment, (a) is a sectional side view of the structure provided with the crushing apparatus, (b) is the cylinder part of the structure provided with the crushing apparatus. The figure seen from the lower part, (c) is the figure which looked at the cutter of the structure provided with the crushing apparatus from the upper part. It is the figure which showed the other structure of the dredger apparatus of this embodiment, and is a side view of the structure by which the fountain direction of the fountain nozzle is set diagonally downward toward the outer side of a cylinder part. It is the figure which showed the other structure of the scissors apparatus of this embodiment, and is a sectional side view of the structure which attached the overcutter.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dredge apparatus 10 Cutter 12 Opening part 13 Net-like member 20 Cylindrical part 22 Partition 30 Chamber 40 Earth removal means 41 Sand pump

Claims (10)

A cutter that excavates the bottom sediment;
A cylindrical portion provided above the cutter;
A driving device for the cutter provided in the cylindrical body;
A fountain nozzle that is provided on the outer surface of the cylindrical body and fountains in the direction of excavation;
A chamber formed between the cutter and a partition wall closing the bottom of the cylindrical portion;
Water supply means provided in the chamber;
Through an opening provided in the cutter, the excavated earth and sand incorporated into the chamber, characterized in that it and a earth removal means for discharging the transfer pump provided inside of the cylindrical body portion Dredge equipment.   The scissor device according to claim 1, wherein the opening provided in the cutter is closed by a mesh member.   The scissor device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cover member that covers part or all of the opening is detachably provided on the cutter. The cutter is configured such that the excavation surface rotates around an axis in the excavation direction,
The bit line in which a plurality of bits are arranged in a row is attached to the excavation surface of the cutter from the rotation center toward the outer edge, and the bit line is curved in an arc shape. The scissor device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . The cutter is configured such that the excavation surface rotates around an axis in the excavation direction,
The dredge apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a bit string in which a plurality of bits are arranged in a rotation direction is attached to the excavation surface of the cutter. The crushing means for crushing excavated earth and sand taken in in the chamber is provided in the chamber, The above-mentioned any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by things. Dredge equipment. The fountain device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the fountain direction of the fountain nozzle is set obliquely toward the outside of the cylindrical body portion. The cutter is configured to rotate about an axis in the direction of excavation;
A plurality of the cutters are provided below the cylindrical body part,
The scissor device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the same number of cutters rotating in one direction and the number of cutters rotating in the other direction are provided. The cutter is configured to rotate about an axis in the direction of excavation;
A plurality of the cutters are provided below the cylindrical body part, and the adjacent cutters are arranged to be shifted from each other in the digging direction,
The dredge device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein an overcutter that protrudes outward is attached to an outer peripheral side portion of each cutter. The cutter is configured to rotate about an axis in the direction of excavation;
A plurality of the cutters are provided below the cylindrical body part, and the adjacent cutters are configured to rotate in synchronization with each other.
The dredge device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein an overcutter that protrudes outward is attached to an outer peripheral side portion of each cutter.

Images