JP4713554B2 - Hobbing machine and phase discrimination method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hobbing machine capable of finishing a workpiece made of a gear to be machined by rough cutting with a hob, and a phase discrimination method in the hobbing machine.

  In general, in this type of hobbing machine, when the hob is exchanged when finishing the workpiece, the hob and the workpiece are connected to each other prior to meshing the new hob cutting blade with the tooth groove of the workpiece. Therefore, it is necessary to match the rotational phases of the hob and the workpiece so that the tooth thickness does not deviate more than the finishing allowance.

  In order to cope with such a demand, for example, a hobbing machine having a configuration as disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. In this conventional configuration, a sensor for detecting the cutting blade of the hob and the tooth gap of the workpiece is disposed so as to be movable between a detection position between the hob and the workpiece and a retracted position separated from the detection position. . In addition, the sensor is configured to change its posture at the detection position to a first detection position corresponding to the cutting edge of the hob and a second detection position corresponding to the tooth gap of the workpiece.

Prior to finishing the workpiece, the position of the hob cutting blade is detected by the sensor in a state where the sensor is disposed at the first detection position, and the phase of the hob cutting blade is determined based on the detection data. Determined. Next, in the state where the sensor is arranged at the second detection position, the position of the tooth gap of the work is detected by the sensor, and the phase of the tooth gap of the work is determined based on the detection data. Thereafter, based on these determination results, a phase shift between the cutting edge of the hob and the tooth gap of the workpiece is calculated, and the rotational phase between the hob and the workpiece is corrected so as to eliminate the phase shift.
JP-A-8-118144

  However, in this conventional hobbing machine, as described above, at the detection position between the hob and the workpiece, the first detection position corresponding to the cutting blade of the hob and the second corresponding to the tooth gap of the workpiece. The posture is changed to the detection position. For this reason, there is a problem that the configuration for supporting and moving the sensor becomes complicated. In addition, since the position of the sensor is changed, errors are likely to occur in each detection position of the sensor with respect to the hob cutting blade or workpiece tooth groove, and the hob cutting blade and workpiece tooth groove can be detected with high accuracy. Therefore, there is a problem that the phase discrimination cannot be performed accurately.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art. An object of the present invention is to provide a hobbing machine and a phase discrimination method thereof capable of accurately detecting the phase of a hob while having a simple detection configuration.

  In order to achieve the above object, an invention relating to a hobbing machine is a hobbing machine including a work shaft for supporting a work and a hob shaft for supporting a hob, and is supported by the work shaft. A cutting means for cutting the hob so that the cutting of the workpiece by the hob is limited to the region of the tip that is not used for finishing in the cutting blade of the hob; It is characterized by comprising detection means for detecting the position of the cut portion of the cut workpiece in the workpiece rotation direction, and discrimination means for discriminating the phase of the cut portion according to the detection result of the detection means. .

In the hobbing machine, it is preferable to provide conversion means for converting the phase of the hob cutting edge based on the phase of the notch.
Therefore, when finishing a rough cut workpiece with this hobbing machine, with the dummy workpiece set on the workpiece axis, the tip area of the hob cutting blade is used to make a fine cut into the dummy workpiece. Forming part. And if the position of this notch part is detected by a detection means, the phase of a notch part will be discriminate | determined according to the detection result, and the phase of the cutting edge of a hob can be converted based on the discrimination result. Thereafter, when the position of the tooth gap of the workpiece is detected by the detecting means in a state where the rough-cut workpiece is set on the workpiece axis, the phase of the tooth gap of the workpiece is determined according to the detection result. Therefore, it is not necessary to change the posture of the detection means between the hob side and the workpiece side, the detection configuration is simple, and the phase determination of the hob can be accurately performed based on the phase determination of the cut portion on the dummy workpiece. it can.

  Further, in the invention relating to the phase determination method of the hobbing machine, with the dummy workpiece set on the workpiece axis, the tip of the hob cutting blade and the tip area that is not used for finishing processing is used for the dummy workpiece. Generating gear cutting is performed to form a fine cut portion in the dummy workpiece, and then the position of the fine cut portion is detected, and the phase of the fine cut portion is determined according to the detection result. In this case, in the case of hobbing, even if the tool is changed, if the phase between the tool and the workpiece matches, the center of the processed tooth gap does not change.

Furthermore, in the phase determining method, the phase of the hob cutting edge may be converted based on the phase of the minute cut portion of the dummy workpiece.
Therefore, also in the invention of the phase discrimination method, the same action as in the case of the hobbing machine invention can be obtained.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the detection configuration is simple and the hob phase can be accurately determined.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the hobbing machine of this embodiment, a column 12 is supported on one side upper part of a bed 11 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction, and is moved by an X-axis moving motor 13. A saddle 14 is supported on the side surface of the column 12 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction, and is moved by a Z-axis moving motor 15. A hob head 16 is disposed on the saddle 14 so that the angle can be changed, and the angle is changed by an angle changing mechanism (not shown). A hob shaft 18 for mounting the hob 17 is rotatably supported on the hob head 16 and is rotated by a hob rotating motor 19. The hob 17 is shifted in the Y-axis direction by means not shown so that the sharp part of the cutting edge 17a is involved in cutting.

  A work table 20 is rotatably disposed on the other upper side of the bed 11 and is rotated by a work rotation motor 21. A work holding jig 22 as a work shaft is disposed on the work table 20, and a work chuck portion 22a such as a collet chuck is provided at the upper end thereof. A support column 23 is erected on the other upper side of the bed 11, and a support arm 24 having a support center 24 a is disposed on the side surface thereof so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction. A workpiece 25 made of a gear to be processed after rough cutting is detachably attached to the workpiece chuck 22a of the workpiece holding jig 22 at the lower end and supported by the support center 24a at the upper end. .

  In this state, when finishing the teeth of the workpiece 25, the column 12 is moved closer to the workpiece 25 by the X-axis moving motor 13, and the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17 and the tooth groove 25a of the workpiece 25 are moved. Meshed. The workpiece 25 is rotated by the workpiece rotating motor 21 and the hob 17 is rotated by the hob rotating motor 19 while the Z-axis moving motor 15 feeds and moves in the axial direction of the workpiece 25 or a predetermined angle direction with respect to the axis. Is done. Thereby, a finishing process is given to the teeth of the workpiece 25 by the gear generating method. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, in the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17, the tooth groove 25a of the workpiece 25 is finished by using the regions 17a-1 on both sides thereof.

  Next, a configuration for correcting the rotational phase between the hob 17 and the workpiece 25 prior to the engagement between the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17 and the tooth groove 25a of the workpiece 25 when finishing the workpiece 25 will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, when the rotational phase between the hob 17 and the workpiece 25 is corrected, the workpiece 25 is interposed between the workpiece chuck portion 22a of the workpiece holding jig 22 and the support center 24a. Prior to setting, the dummy work 26 is set. The dummy workpiece 26 has the same outer dimensions as the workpiece material before rough cutting of the workpiece 25, and is formed so that the outer periphery thereof becomes a cylindrical surface.

  Then, in the set state of the dummy workpiece 26, the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17 is used for the cutting edge 17a-2 which is not used for the finishing process, so that the dummy workpiece 26 is subjected to generating teeth, A minute cut portion 26a is formed on the outer peripheral surface. That is, at the time of generating tooth cutting of the dummy workpiece 26, the cutting amount of the hob 17 by the X-axis moving motor 13 is defined to be smaller than that of the generating tooth cutting at the time of finishing the workpiece 25. The cutting process of the dummy workpiece 26 is performed using only the tip region 17a-2 of the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17. In addition, the depth of this micro notch part 26a is about 0.1-0.5 mm.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hob head 16 is provided with a cylinder 27 extending substantially in the Y-axis direction. A non-contact type sensor 28 is attached to the piston rod 27 a of the cylinder 27. Then, by the switching operation of the cylinder 27, the sensor 28 is moved substantially in the Y-axis direction via a guide structure (not shown), and the hob 17 and the work 25 or the dummy work are shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 26 is switched to a detection position P1 on the generation center L1 between the position 26 and a retracted position P2 spaced from the detection position P1. Further, in a state where the sensor 28 is disposed at the detection position P1, the position of the tooth gap 25a of the workpiece 25 or the position of the minute cut portion 26a of the dummy workpiece 26 is detected by the sensor 28.

  Next, a circuit configuration for performing rotational phase alignment between the workpiece 25 and the hob 17 based on detection data from the sensor 28 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the control device 31 stores data of a program for controlling the operation of the entire hobbing machine including rotational phase alignment. A memory 32 is connected to the control device 31, and an area for storing various data such as position detection data of the minute cut portion 26 a of the dummy workpiece 26 and position detection data of the tooth gap 25 a of the workpiece 25 in the memory 39. Is provided.

  The control device 31 is connected to the phase detection sensor 28 and an input key 33 for inputting various data. And the control apparatus 31 comprises a discrimination means and a conversion means, and when the position detection data of the minute cut part 26a of the dummy workpiece 26 or the tooth gap 25a of the workpiece 25 is inputted from the sensor 28, the minute cut is made according to the detected data. The phase, that is, the pitch and the position of the portion 26a or the tooth groove 25a is discriminated. At the same time, when the phase of the minute cut portion 26a is determined, the phase of the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17, that is, the pitch and position are converted based on the determination result.

  The control device 31 is connected to a switching valve 34 for the cylinder 27, the hob rotation motor 19, a workpiece rotation motor 21, an X-axis movement motor 13, and a Z-axis movement motor 15. The control device 31 outputs a drive signal to the switching valve 34 and each of the motors 19, 21, 13, 15 at the time of detection of the sensor 28 and at the time of rotational phase matching between the workpiece 25 and the hob 17. In this case, the control device 31 constitutes a defining means, and controls the operation of the X-axis moving motor 13 when forming the minute cut portion 26a in the dummy work 26, thereby cutting the hob 17 into the dummy work 26. Is specified.

  The Y-axis moving motor 29 shown in FIG. 4 is for shifting the hob 17 along the extending direction of the Y-axis. The hob head turning motor 30 is for adjusting the angle of the hob 17 by turning the hob head 16 about the axis in the X-axis direction.

Next, the operation of the hobbing machine configured as described above will be described.
In this hobbing machine, when the phase alignment between the workpiece 25 and the hob 17 is performed prior to finishing the rough-cut workpiece 25, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b). As described above, the dummy workpiece 26 is set between the workpiece chuck portion 22a of the workpiece holding jig 22 and the support center 24a. In this state, generating hobbing is performed on the dummy workpiece 26 by the hob 17. In this case, the operation of the X-axis moving motor 13 is controlled by the control device 31 so that the cutting amount of the hob 17 with respect to the dummy workpiece 26 is defined. Generating teeth are cut using Thereby, a minute cut portion 26 a is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the dummy workpiece 26.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6A, the sensor 28 is moved to the detection position P <b> 1 between the hob 17 and the dummy work 26 by the switching operation of the cylinder 27. In this state, while the dummy workpiece 26 is rotated in one direction, the sensor 28 detects the position of the minute cut portion 26 a of the dummy workpiece 26, and the detected data is output to the control device 31. When the position detection of the minute notch 26a by the sensor 28 is completed, the rotation of the dummy workpiece 26 is stopped and the sensor 28 is returned from the detection position P1 to the retracted position P2.

  Here, as understood from FIG. 6 (b), if the hob 17, the dummy workpiece 26 and the gear to be finished are in phase, the center of the dummy cut 26 in the circumferential direction of the dummy workpiece 26 of the minute cut portion 26a. And the tooth gap center of the gear finished by the hob 17 coincides.

  On the other hand, in the control device 31, the phase, that is, the pitch and the position of the minute cut portion 26 a is determined according to the detection data from the sensor 28. At the same time, the phase, that is, the pitch and the position of the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17, is converted and determined based on the phase determination result of the minute cut portion 26a. Further, the detection data from the sensor 28 and the determination result in the control device 31 are temporarily stored in a predetermined area of the memory 32.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7A, instead of the dummy work 26, a rough-cut work 25 is set between the work chuck portion 22a of the work holding jig 22 and the support center 24a. The At this time, as shown in FIG. 7B, the gear to be finished is shifted by an angle θ (not constant) with respect to the set state of the dummy workpiece 26 immediately after the setting. There are many. In such a case, the deviation is eliminated by using the NC function of the hobbing machine. Thereafter, by the switching operation of the cylinder 27, the sensor 28 is moved again to the detection position P1 between the hob 17 and the workpiece 25. In this state, the position of the tooth gap 25a of the workpiece 25 is detected by the sensor 28 while the workpiece 25 is rotated in one direction, and the detection data is output to the control device 31. When the position detection of the tooth gap 25a by the sensor 28 is completed, the rotation of the workpiece 25 is stopped and the sensor 28 is returned from the detection position P1 to the retracted position P2.

  In addition, when the position of the tooth gap 25a is detected by the sensor 28, the tooth gap 25a is detected according to the detection data from the sensor 28 in the control device 31 in the same manner as when the position of the minute cut portion 26a of the dummy workpiece 26 is detected. Phase, i.e., pitch and position. Further, in this case as well, the detection data from the sensor 28 and the determination result in the control device 31 are temporarily stored in a predetermined area of the memory 32 as in the case described above.

  And in the control apparatus 31, it discriminate | determined based on the phase detection of the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17 determined based on the position detection of the micro notch 26a of the dummy workpiece 26, and the position detection of the tooth gap 25a of the workpiece 25. The phase of the tooth gap 25a of the workpiece 25 is compared, and the rotational phase shift between them is determined. Thereafter, the rotational phase of at least one of the hob 17 and the workpiece 25 is corrected so that this rotational phase shift is eliminated.

  In this state, as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 9, finish processing is performed on the tooth groove 25a of the workpiece 25 by the gear generating method using the regions 17a-1 on both sides of the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17. Is given. That is, as shown in FIG. 8B, the machining allowance for the thickness L is removed from the tooth surface of each tooth of the workpiece 25. Thereafter, each time the rough cut workpiece 25 is set, the position of the tooth groove 25a of the workpiece 25 is detected by the sensor 28, the phase of the tooth groove 25a is determined, the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17 and the tooth of the workpiece 25 are detected. Phase comparison with the groove 25a and rotational phase alignment between them are performed, and finishing is performed in the phase alignment state.

  As described above, in the hobbing machine according to this embodiment, when finishing the rough-cut workpiece 25, the tip region 17a-2 of the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17 is used to make the dummy workpiece 26 minute. A cut portion 26 a is formed, and the position of the cut portion 26 a is detected by the sensor 28. The phase of the cut portion 26a is determined according to the detection result of the sensor 28, and the phase of the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17 is converted and determined based on the determination result. Further, the position of the tooth groove 25a of the workpiece 25 is detected by the sensor 28 in the set state of the workpiece 25 that has been subjected to rough cutting, and the phase of the tooth groove 25a of the workpiece 25 is determined according to the detection result.

  For this reason, it is not necessary to change the posture of the sensor 28 between the hob 17 side and the workpiece 25 side, and the detection configuration can be simplified. Further, since a detection error due to the posture change of the sensor 28 does not occur, the phase determination of the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17 can be accurately performed based on the phase determination of the cut portion 26a on the dummy workpiece 26.

  Further, in the hobbing machine of this embodiment, the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17 avoids the area 17a-1 on both side surfaces used for finishing, and uses the area 17a-2 at the tip thereof, so that the dummy work 26 A minute cut portion 26a is formed. Therefore, at the time of cutting the dummy workpiece 26, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a defect or the like in the region 17a-1 on both side surfaces used for finishing in the cutting edge 17a of the hob 17. As a result, the finishing process of the workpiece 25 can be performed with high accuracy.

(Example of change)
In addition, this embodiment can also be changed and embodied as follows.
In the above-described embodiment, the sensor 28 is disposed on the column 23 side so that the sensor 28 can be moved to a detection position that is close to the work 25 or the dummy work 26 with a predetermined interval and a retreat position that is separated from the detection position. Make up.

The front view which shows the hobbing machine of one Embodiment. The schematic plan view which shows the drive structure of the hobbing machine of FIG. The principal part top view which expands and shows the phase detection structure of the hobbing machine. The block diagram which shows the circuit structure of the phase alignment relation of the hobbing machine. (A) is a partial top view which shows the phase alignment operation | movement of the hobbing machine. (B) is a partial front view of (a). (A) is a partial top view which shows the phase alignment operation | movement of the hobbing machine following FIG. 5, (b) is a partially expanded plan view similarly. (A) is a partial plan view showing the phase alignment operation of the hobbing machine following FIG. 6, and (b) is a partially enlarged plan view showing a shift between the dummy workpiece and the gear teeth to be finished. (A) is the partial top view which shows the finishing process operation | movement of the workpiece | work following FIG. 7, (b) is a partially expanded plan view which shows the machining allowance. The simplification figure which shows the role sharing part of the cutting blade of a hob.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 ... Motor for X-axis movement, 15 ... Motor for Z-axis movement, 17 ... Hob, 17a ... Cutting blade, 17a-1 ... Area on both sides, 17a-2 ... Area of tip, 18 ... Hob shaft, 19 ... Hob Rotating motor, 21 ... work rotating motor, 22 ... work holding jig as a work shaft, 25 ... work, 25a ... tooth groove, 26 ... dummy work, 26a ... micro cut portion, 28 ... non-contact as detecting means Sensor of type, 31... Control device constituting defining means, discrimination means and conversion means, 32.

Claims (4)

A hobbing machine having a work shaft for supporting a work and a hob shaft for supporting a hob,
The cutting depth of the hob is defined so that the cutting process of the workpiece by the hob is limited to the tip region that is not used for the finishing process in the cutting blade of the hob when generating a tooth of the workpiece supported by the workpiece shaft. Prescribing means for
Detecting means for detecting the position of the cut portion of the cut workpiece in the workpiece rotation direction;
A hobbing machine comprising: a discriminating unit that discriminates a phase of the cut portion according to a detection result of the detecting unit. 2. The hobbing machine according to claim 1, further comprising conversion means for converting the phase of the cutting edge of the hob based on the phase of the cut portion. With the dummy workpiece set on the workpiece axis, the tooth is cut on the dummy workpiece at the tip of the hob's cutting edge and not used for finishing, forming a fine cut in the dummy workpiece. And then detecting the position of the micro cut portion in the workpiece rotation direction and determining the phase of the micro cut portion according to the detection result. The phase discrimination method according to claim 3, wherein the phase of the cutting edge of the hob is converted based on the phase of the minute cut portion of the dummy workpiece.

Images