JP4709636B2 - Hydrogen and oxygen generation system using wastewater energy - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention applies special contrivance to the structures of hydroelectric generators and water electrolysis tanks, using wastewater energy that is not utilized while being discharged at a considerable flow rate in various industries every day and is relatively abundant in terms of resources. It can be effectively used to generate stable and efficient power generation, and the generated power can stably and efficiently generate a large amount of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water. As fuel for fuel cells, rockets, and jet aircraft, oxygen can be used effectively for sterilization of sewage and sewage treatment, medical and other industrial purposes, and it is harmless and clean without adversely affecting the global environment. It relates to hydrogen and oxygen generation systems using wastewater energy.

In recent years, fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas, which have been the mainstream energy source for a long time, will be depleted in the near future and harmful effects such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides caused by the combustion of fossil fuels. Due to the problem of global environmental destruction caused by exhaust gas, the development of pollution-free and clean alternative energy has been strongly sought, and hydrogen that does not generate such harmful exhaust gas even when burned is attracting attention as a powerful alternative energy. ing.
From this point of view, various methods have been studied in which water is electrolyzed using electricity obtained by using clean natural energy such as wind power, hydropower, and sunlight to generate hydrogen and use it as energy. For example, there are techniques described in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3.
JP-A-4-92374 JP 2001-130901 A JP 2003-17083 A

Even if it is said that water and water are electrolyzed using electricity obtained by using clean natural energy such as hydropower and wind power, hydrogen and oxygen are generated. However, in order to generate hydrogen and oxygen stably and efficiently in large quantities and to put it to practical use, how to effectively use natural energy such as hydropower, and to obtain electric power based on it. It is necessary to give special consideration to the hydroelectric power generation equipment and the specific structure of the electrolyzer that electrolyzes water.
In the above prior art, a small-capacity hydroelectric generator is installed in river water or the like to obtain electric power. In this case, the amount of water flow is not constant due to the weather, etc. Since the installation method and the specific structure of the hydroelectric generator are unknown, it is unclear whether electric power can be obtained stably and efficiently by effectively using hydroelectric energy. In addition, as an electrolytic cell, a general single electrolytic cell is divided into two by a membrane such as a polymer membrane, and hydrogen and oxygen are generated from the same electrolytic cell and taken out to the outside. There is a possibility that hydrogen and oxygen are mixed in the process from being generated inside and taken out to the outside, and there is a difficulty in stably and efficiently generating high-purity hydrogen and oxygen in large quantities. Therefore, in the said prior art, there is little practicability in this aspect.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional technology. In other words, hydroelectric energy is discharged at a considerable flow rate every day in various industries such as a cooling water drainage channel attached to nuclear power plants, thermal power plants, factories, etc., or a drainage channel for discharging used water in hydroelectric power plants. Focusing on wastewater energy that is not utilized, however, by stopping the turbulent flow of wastewater flowing through the drainage channel by specially contriving the hydroelectric generator connected to this and the specific structure of the water electrolysis tank The hydroelectric generator can be fixed and placed on the riverbed easily, safely and stably, so that stable and efficient power generation is possible at all times. The purpose is to provide a hydrogen and oxygen generation system using wastewater energy that is capable of generating large amounts of oxygen and oxygen stably and efficiently.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following means described in the claims.

  In the invention according to claim 1, in order to effectively use the hydroelectric energy that is not utilized normally and to obtain a stable and efficient power supply and generation of hydrogen and oxygen, the selection and installation of the hydroelectric energy The following special devices are applied to the structure of the hydroelectric generator and the structure of the electrolysis tank connected to it.

First, the overall system system for generating hydrogen and oxygen includes a cooling water drainage channel attached to nuclear power plants, thermal power plants, factories, etc., or a drainage channel for discharging used water at hydroelectric power plants, etc. A water turbine capsule-type hydroelectric generator is fixedly installed on the riverbed in the drainage channel of the city by anchors to convert the drainage energy into electrical energy, and the obtained power is branched and connected via the ground power receiving facility. Electricity is supplied to the decomposition tank to generate hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water, and the generated hydrogen and oxygen are sent to the hydrogen storage device and the oxygen storage device via the compression device, respectively, and stored in the part. It is characterized by that.
Drainage flowing through the cooling water drainage channels attached to nuclear power plants, thermal power plants, factories, etc., or drainage channels that discharge used water at hydroelectric power plants, etc., are discharged at a considerable flow rate every day, but are not used normally. It is relatively abundant and clean in terms of resources, and it is possible to make stable and efficient power generation by effectively utilizing the wastewater energy that is released on a daily basis.

Secondly, as a water turbine capsule hydroelectric generator that is fixedly installed on the riverbed in the drainage channel and obtains electric power, it is easy, safe and stable on the riverbed without stopping the torrent of drainage flowing in the drainage channel. Therefore, in order to fix the hydroelectric generator, a water guide pipe intermediate portion without a propeller turbine inside and a propeller turbine inside the water guide pipe having a water control gate in the capsule and a propeller turbine inside the capsule are installed. The built-in water guide pipe middle part can be switched and connected freely, and the propeller turbine and DC generator are connected in a linked manner.
When assembling and installing the water turbine capsule-type hydroelectric generator, firstly, the water control gate is opened, the middle of the water conduit is connected to the middle of the empty water conduit without the propeller turbine, and the wastewater is passed through the capsule water conduit. After the capsule is fixedly installed on the riverbed of the drainage channel with an anchor, the water flow resistance due to the turbulent flow of drainage to the capsule is achieved by closing the water control gate and switching to the middle of the water conduit with a propeller turbine installed in the middle of the water conduit The capsule can be installed easily, safely and stably by reducing buoyancy resistance, and the wastewater energy flowing through the drainage channel boasting an abundant flow rate can be effectively used to stably and efficiently generate power. Can be obtained.

  Thirdly, as a branch connection type electrolytic cell that generates hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water supplied with DC power from a hydroelectric generator, it prevents a decrease in purity and generation efficiency due to mixing of the generated hydrogen and oxygen. Therefore, the electrolytic cell is divided into an oxygen-generating anode cell and a hydrogen-generating cathode cell, and the anode cell and the cathode cell are connected to each other via a communication pipe on the outer surface of the bottom. A molecular membrane is provided, and the anode tank is connected to a fresh water supply water tank via a communication pipe so that the water level of the electrolysis tank and the water tank is always kept at a constant water level. To do. The generated hydrogen and oxygen are separately taken out separately from the cathode and anode tanks separated from each other, so that the purity and generation efficiency are prevented from being lowered due to the mixing of hydrogen and oxygen. In the middle part of the communication pipe that connects the anode and cathode tanks outside the bottom surface, there is a polymer membrane diaphragm, so there is no need to use an electrolytic solution, and electrolysis can be performed stably and actively with fresh water. It can be carried out.

  In the invention according to claim 2, as the water turbine capsule-type hydroelectric generator, a plurality of water conduits having a water control gate are disposed in the capsule, and an intermediate between the front end portion and the rear end portion of each water conduit. Each of them is characterized by using an intermediate portion of a water guide pipe that incorporates a propeller turbine connected to a DC generator. Since a plurality of propeller turbines and DC generators are incorporated in the capsule, wastewater energy can be used more effectively and efficient and stable power generation can be achieved.

  In the invention according to claim 3, as the water turbine capsule type hydroelectric power generation device, the auxiliary water guide having a water control gate on the lower surface of the blade plate that is horizontally protruded at an angle of 90 degrees on both lateral outer surfaces of the capsule upper portion. It is characterized in that an auxiliary capsule incorporating a propeller turbine connected in cooperation with an auxiliary AC generator is installed in the pipe. By installing a hydroelectric generator with a propeller turbine and a DC generator in the capsule in the drainage water, the flow velocity is increased on both sides of the capsule upper side, and this part is linked to the propeller turbine. By installing an auxiliary alternator, it is possible to cover the power used on the premises by the power generation. The auxiliary power generation device can be exposed on the surface of the water by bending the blades at the top of the capsule by 90 degrees, and its maintenance is facilitated.

  In the invention according to claim 4, as the propeller turbine of the hydroelectric generator, the water control gate in the front end portion of the water conduit and the propeller of the turbine are maintained so that the rotation speed of the turbine is always kept constant regardless of the change in the flow rate of the drainage. A change in the flow velocity of the wastewater applied to the propeller is detected by a sensor disposed between the two and the detected data is sent to the control means, and the change in the flow velocity is detected via a servo motor such as a hydraulic motor based on a command from the control means. Correspondingly, it is characterized by using a variable pitch propeller structure that appropriately adjusts the facing angle of the propeller to the flowing water. Since the propeller turbine can always maintain a constant rotation speed regardless of changes in the flow velocity in the drainage channel due to drought and drought, etc., more stable and efficient power generation can be achieved.

  In the invention which concerns on Claim 5, in the front-end part and rear-end part of a water conduit, the disk rotary door which opens and closes the water flow path in a water conduit by switching and rotating at a 90-degree angle in a water conduit as said water control gate. It is characterized by using a mold gate. The water control gate may be of a type that slides up and down, left and right, or opens and closes, but by using a disc-rotating door type system that rotates in the water conduit, the gate is opened without taking up space for the gate opening and closing operation. When there is a gate, the flow rate of the drainage flowing through both sides of the conduit is narrowed due to the presence of the gate and the flow velocity is increased. As a result, the cavitation in the conduit can be reduced, which contributes to increasing the efficiency of the propeller turbine. Be expected.

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that, as the capsule in which the hydroelectric generator is mounted, a capsule having an outer appearance of a teardrop type or a streamline type is used in order to reduce running water resistance. Even when the amount of flowing water and the flow velocity increase during a storm, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus can be more stably disposed in the flowing water, and the durability is also good.

  In the invention which concerns on Claim 7, as a fixed arrangement | positioning means to the riverbed upper surface in the drainage channel of the said hydroelectric power generator, the capsule which mounts a hydraulic power generator on the capsule bottom face side base end outer surface which fixes the capsule mounted on a riverbed upper surface. In order to prevent water leakage into the capsule and absorb shocks to the capsule, a frustoconical or cylindrical hard rubber water-stopping cat fitted in close contact with the riverbed is used. And

  In the invention according to claim 8, as a means for fixing and arranging on the upper surface of the riverbed in the drainage channel of the hydroelectric generator, the anchor pipe is pressed into the riverbed concrete with a screw auger provided at the tip of the pipe, It is characterized in that cement milk is injected from the base end of the pipe and the capsule mounted with the hydroelectric generator is secured to the riverbed by hardening. Capsule-type hydroelectric generators can be installed smoothly, easily and stably, the pulling stress from the riverbed surface can be increased to withstand the turbulent drainage, and the durability is further improved.

  In the invention according to claim 9, as the electrodes disposed in the anode tank and the cathode tank of the branch connection type electrolysis tank, a plurality of round bar-shaped unit electrodes are arranged with a slight gap between the electrode bars. A multi-core electrode that is bundled into a circular shape to form a multi-core electrode is used. The surface area of the electrode is increased, and the generation efficiency of hydrogen and oxygen can be further enhanced.

  In the invention according to claim 10, as the branch connection type electrolysis tank, a plurality of anode tanks and cathode tanks connected to each other outside the bottom surface via a communication pipe are led to an oxygen compression device and a hydrogen compression device, respectively. A multi-tank electrolytic cell connected in parallel to the pipe via a control valve is used. The generation efficiency of hydrogen and oxygen can be further increased, and partial maintenance can be performed at any time without stopping the entire operation.

  Since the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, it solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and has the following specific effects, and provides a hydrogen / oxygen generation system using wastewater energy that is extremely practical. be able to.

The invention according to claim 1 has the following effects.
(1) A water turbine capsule-type hydroelectric generator that incorporates a propeller turbine connected to a direct current generator in a water conduit in the capsule is stably fixed by anchors on the riverbed in the drainage channel where the turbulent flow of drainage flows. Drive. As a drainage channel for installing this hydroelectric power generation device, a drainage channel such as a cooling water drainage channel attached to a nuclear power plant, a thermal power plant, a factory or the like or a drainage channel for discharging used water in the hydropower plant is used. The drainage energy flowing through these drainage channels is clean hydraulic energy that is discharged at a considerable flow rate every day but is not utilized. Therefore, the present invention has no relation to the change in weather such as rainfall, and is capable of stably and efficiently generating power by effectively utilizing relatively abundant clean wastewater energy that has not been used as it is released on a daily basis. It can contribute to energy saving and prevention of environmental destruction.
(2) When a hydraulic turbine capsule-type hydroelectric generator is assembled and installed, the middle part of the water guide pipe is connected to the middle part of the water pipe that does not incorporate the propeller turbine, the water control gate is opened, and the running water is put into the water pipe inside the capsule. In the state where it passes, it is fixed on the riverbed in the drainage channel by anchors. Therefore, the capsule can reduce the flow resistance and buoyancy resistance caused by flowing water, and it can be easily, safely and stably installed in the riverbed without stopping the flow even in the turbulent flow of drainage. There is no inconvenience that interferes with the operation of drainage. Due to the fixed arrangement on the riverbed in the drainage channel via the anchor of the power generation device, it can cope with an increase in the amount of water flow, velocities and resistance such as storms and has good durability.
(3) The water electrolysis tank is formed by separating it into a cathode tank for hydrogen generation and an anode tank for oxygen generation, which are connected via a communication pipe having a polymer membrane diaphragm in the middle on the outer surface of the bottom. The branched connection type electrolytic cell is used, and hydrogen and oxygen are separately generated in the cathode layer and the anode cell and led to the outside. Therefore, hydrogen and oxygen are mixed in the process of derivation from the generation to the outside, and purity and generation efficiency are not reduced, and high-purity hydrogen and oxygen are stably generated and derived in large quantities stably. Can do.
In addition, the use of the polymer membrane does not require the use of an electrolyte solution, and stable and active electrolysis of water can be achieved with fresh water.
(4) As described above, the present invention is a relatively abundant hydropower that has not been utilized in the form of plain discharge by making a special contrivance to the structure of the hydroelectric generator and the hydrogen / oxygen generator that is the water electrolysis tank. While effectively utilizing energy to save energy, it produces a large amount of stable and efficient power generation and high-purity hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen is the fuel for fuel cells, rockets, and jets, and oxygen is sewage and sewage. It can be effectively used for sterilization, medical treatment, and other industrial purposes, and is extremely useful and can contribute to prevention of environmental destruction, which is industrially beneficial.

  In the invention according to claim 2, since a plurality of hydroelectric generators in which a DC generator is linked and connected to a propeller turbine are mounted in the capsule, it is possible to further effectively use drainage energy and enhance power generation efficiency. it can.

  In the invention according to claim 3, since the auxiliary generator is mounted via the blades projecting on both sides of the upper part of the capsule where the flow rate is increased by fixing the capsule in the flowing water of the drainage channel, The obtained power can cover the power used on the premises of the system, which is economical. Since the blades equipped with the auxiliary generator are foldable within a range of 90 degrees, maintenance of the auxiliary generator is facilitated.

  In the invention according to claim 4, when the flow rate of the drainage flowing through the drainage channel is affected and changed by drought, the change in the drainage flow rate applied to the propeller of the water turbine is detected by the sensor, and the detection Based on the data, the propeller's facing angle with respect to the running water is adjusted appropriately through the control means and servo motor such as a hydraulic motor to keep the propeller rotation speed constant regardless of the flow velocity change. A water turbine with a variable pitch peller structure is adopted, and the power generation output can be further stabilized.

  In the invention according to claim 5, by adopting a disc rotating door type water control gate that opens and closes the flow channel in the water conduit by switching and rotating at an angle of 90 degrees in the water conduit, the gate opening and closing operation is saved. When the gate is opened, the presence of the gate narrows the flow channel of the drainage that flows on both sides of the conduit, increasing the flow velocity, thereby reducing the cavitation in the conduit and increasing the efficiency of the propeller turbine. Expected to contribute.

  In the invention according to claim 6, since the capsule in which the hydroelectric generator is mounted has a teardrop shape or a streamlined shape, when the amount of flowing water or the flow velocity increases during a storm, etc. In addition, the flowing water resistance applied to the capsule is reduced, the hydroelectric generator can be disposed more stably in the flowing water, and the durability is also good.

  In the invention according to claim 7, a hard rubber water-stopping cat having a truncated cone or cylindrical shape is formed on the outer surface of the base end portion of the capsule bottom side of the anchor for fixing the capsule on which the hydroelectric generator is mounted to the upper surface of the river bed in the drainage channel. Is installed in close contact with the riverbed surface, preventing leakage into the capsule, accurately flowing water into the capsule and absorbing shocks from the riverbed, and equipped with a hydroelectric generator. The capsule can be installed more stably.

  In the invention according to claim 8, as a means for fixing and disposing the hydroelectric generator on the upper surface of the riverbed in the drainage channel, the anchor pipe is pressed into the riverbed concrete with a screw auger provided at the tip of the pipe. Since cement milk is injected from the base end and the capsule is installed on the riverbed by hardening it, the capsule-type hydroelectric generator can be fixed and installed smoothly, easily and stably. The pulling stress from the surface of the river is increased and it can withstand the turbulent drainage, resulting in even better durability.

  In the invention according to claim 9, as the electrodes disposed in the anode tank and the cathode tank of the branch connection type electrolysis tank, a plurality of round bar-shaped unit electrodes are arranged with a slight gap between the electrode bars. Since the multi-core electrode bundled into a circular shape to form a multi-core electrode is used, the surface area of the electrode is increased, and the generation efficiency of hydrogen and oxygen can be enhanced.

  In the invention according to claim 10, as the branch connection type electrolysis tank, a plurality of anode tanks and cathode tanks connected to each other outside the bottom surface via a communication pipe are led to an oxygen compression device and a hydrogen compression device, respectively. The use of a multi-tank electrolyzer connected in parallel to the piping via a control valve can increase the efficiency of hydrogen and oxygen generation and perform partial maintenance without stopping the entire operation. It can be carried out.

As a system for generating hydrogen and oxygen, nuclear power plants, thermal power plants, which are exhausted at a considerable flow rate every day and are not utilized as they are exhausted and have relatively abundant hydropower resources. A water turbine capsule-type hydroelectric generator is fixed by anchors on a riverbed in a drainage channel such as a drainage channel attached to a factory or a drainage channel that discharges used water at a hydroelectric power plant without stopping the flow of the drainage. Then, the power generator converts the drainage energy into electric energy, and the obtained electric power is passed through the power receiving equipment on the ground to the branch connection type electrolysis tank to generate hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water. The generated hydrogen and oxygen are sent to a hydrogen storage device and an oxygen storage device via a compression device, and stored in the section for use.
Hydrogen is effectively used as fuel for fuel cells, rockets, and jet engines, and oxygen is effectively used for sterilization such as treatment of sewage and sewage, medical use, and other industrial purposes.

The water turbine capsule-type hydroelectric generator has a water control gate in the capsule so that the hydroelectric generator can be fixed, easily, safely and stably on the riverbed without stopping the turbulent flow of drainage flowing through the drainage channel. Between the front end and rear end of the water guide pipe, the middle part of the water pipe without the propeller water turbine and the middle part of the water pipe with the built-in propeller water wheel can be switched and connected. The machines are linked together. At the time of assembly and installation of this water turbine capsule-type hydroelectric power generator, a middle portion of the water guide pipe is connected to a middle portion of the water guide pipe not incorporating the propeller turbine, the water control gate is opened, and water is passed through the water guide pipe in the capsule. In this state, it is fixed on the riverbed in the drainage channel with anchors. Therefore, the capsule can reduce the flow resistance and buoyancy resistance caused by flowing water, and it can be easily, safely and stably installed in the riverbed without stopping the flow even in the turbulent flow of drainage. There is no inconvenience that interferes with the operation of drainage. Due to the fixed arrangement on the riverbed in the drainage channel via the anchor of the power generation device, it can cope with an increase in the amount of water flow, velocities and resistance such as storms and has good durability.
In accordance with the river width of the drainage channel, a plurality of hydroelectric generators incorporating propeller turbines that are linked to the DC generator in the water conduit are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction, making it more stable and efficient. Try to generate electricity. On both sides of the upper part of the capsule, an auxiliary power generator is installed on the underside of the blade that protrudes horizontally at an angle of 90 degrees and a propeller turbine is built in the water conduit and connected to the AC generator. An auxiliary capsule is provided, and the electric power obtained from the auxiliary power generator covers the supply of electric power used in the system system premises. When the wing plate is bent 90 degrees toward the upper side of the capsule and folded, the auxiliary capsule is positioned on the water surface, so that maintenance and inspection can be easily performed. The propeller turbine installed in the water guide pipe is a sensor installed between the water control gate in the front end of the water guide pipe and the propeller of the water turbine in order to keep the rotation speed of the water turbine constant at all times regardless of changes in the drain flow velocity. Detects the change in the flow rate of the waste water applied to the propeller, sends the detected data to the control means, and responds to the change in the flow rate of the propeller through the servo motor such as a hydraulic motor based on the command from the control means. The thing of the variable pitch peller structure which adjusts an angle appropriately is used. Therefore, the propeller water turbine can always maintain the rotation speed constant regardless of the change in the flow velocity in the drainage channel due to drought and the like, so that more stable and efficient power generation can be achieved. As the water control gate, a disc rotating door type gate that opens and closes the flow channel in the water conduit by switching and rotating at a 90 degree angle in the water conduit in the front end portion and the rear end portion of the water conduit is used. The opening and closing operation of the gate does not take place, and when the gate is opened, the flow rate of the drainage flowing through both sides of the conduit is narrowed due to the presence of the gate and the flow velocity is increased, thereby reducing the cavitation in the conduit. It is expected to contribute to the improvement of the propeller turbine efficiency. As the capsule mounting the hydroelectric generator, the outer shape is a teardrop type or a streamline type, and this reduces the resistance to flowing water, and even when the amount of flowing water and the flow velocity increase during a storm, etc., the hydroelectric generator Can be more stably disposed in the running water, and the durability is also good. When the hydroelectric generator is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the riverbed in the drainage channel with an anchor, a frustoconical cylinder-shaped or cylindrical hard rubber water-stopping cat is provided on the outer surface of the anchor bottom side of the anchor. The water-tight cat can prevent leakage of water into the capsule and absorb shock to the capsule. In addition, the hydroelectric generator is fixed to the upper surface of the riverbed in the drainage channel, and the anchor pipe is pressed into the riverbed concrete with a screw auger provided at the end of the pipe, and cement milk is injected from the base end of the pipe. As a result, the capsules equipped with hydroelectric generators can be stably fixed to the riverbed due to its hardening, which enables the capsule-type hydroelectric generator to be installed smoothly, easily and stably. The pulling-out stress increases and can withstand the turbulent drainage, and the durability is further improved.

An electrolysis tank that electrolyzes water by energizing the electric power obtained by the hydroelectric generator is for generating hydrogen that is connected through a communication pipe having a polymer membrane diaphragm in the middle on the outer surface of the bottom. A branch connection type electrolytic cell formed separately into a cathode cell and an anode cell for oxygen generation is used. Hydrogen and oxygen are separately generated in the cathode layer and the anode cell and led out to the outside. Therefore, hydrogen and oxygen are mixed in the process of derivation from the generation to the outside, and purity and generation efficiency are not reduced, and high-purity hydrogen and oxygen are stably generated and derived in large quantities stably. Can do. In addition, the use of the polymer membrane does not require the use of an electrolyte solution, and stable and active electrolysis of water can be achieved with fresh water.
As electrodes arranged in the anode tank and the cathode tank of this branch connection type electrolysis tank, a plurality of round bar-shaped unit electrodes are arranged in a circular shape with a slight gap between each electrode bar, The multi-core electrode made is used, whereby the surface area of the electrode is increased and the generation efficiency of hydrogen and oxygen can be enhanced. In addition, as this branch connection type electrolysis tank, a plurality of anode tanks and cathode tanks connected to each other outside the bottom surface via communication pipes are connected in parallel to the outlet pipes to the oxygen compression apparatus and the hydrogen compression apparatus through control valves, respectively. It uses a connected multi-tank electrolytic cell, which can further increase the generation efficiency of hydrogen and oxygen, and can perform partial maintenance at any time without stopping the entire operation. .

  As described above, the water turbine capsule hydroelectric power generation system can reduce the flow resistance and buoyancy resistance on the riverbed in the drainage channel such as the drainage channel for cooling water discharge at the nuclear power plant without stopping the rapid flow of the drainage. The device is securely fixed with an anchor to convert the drainage energy into electrical energy, and the resulting power is passed through a branch connection type electrolysis tank to electrolyze water, hydrogen and oxygen By separating and generating separately from the cathode and anode tanks that are branched in the electrolytic cell, it is possible to effectively utilize the relatively abundant drainage energy that is not normally used. Stable and efficient power generation and stable generation of large quantities of high-purity hydrogen and oxygen are possible, enabling the realization of a hydrogen and oxygen generation system that is extremely useful in practice. It was.

  An example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system system in a hydrogen and oxygen generation system according to the present invention. This system system is attached to nuclear power plants, thermal power plants, factories, etc. that are discharged at a considerable flow rate every day but are not utilized as they are discharged and have relatively abundant hydropower resources. On the river bed 2 in the drainage channel 1 such as a drainage channel or the drainage channel for discharging the used water in the hydroelectric power plant, the water turbine capsule type hydroelectric generator 3 is fixedly arranged by the anchor 4 without stopping the flow of the drainage. Then, the wastewater energy is converted into electric energy by the power generation device, and the obtained electric power is supplied to the branch connection type electrolysis tank 6 through the ground power receiving equipment 5 to generate hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water. The generated hydrogen and oxygen are sent to the hydrogen storage device 9 and the oxygen storage device 10 through the compression devices 7 and 8, respectively, and stored in the section for use.
Hydrogen is effectively used as fuel for fuel cells, rockets, and jet engines, and oxygen is effectively used for sterilization such as treatment of sewage and waste, medical use, and other industrial purposes.

The water turbine capsule-type hydroelectric generator 3 has a water guide pipe 12 for passing flowing water flowing in the drainage channel 1 in the capsule 11, and this water guide pipe 12 is connected to the front end portion 12a, the rear end portion 12b and the intermediate portion 12c. The intermediate portion 12c is divided into a portion in which the propeller turbine 13 is incorporated and a portion in which the propeller turbine 13 is not incorporated. A circular rotating door type water control gate 14 is disposed at the front end portion 12a and the rear end portion 12b of the water guide pipe to switch and rotate at an angle of 90 degrees around the rotation axis in the pipe to open and close the water flow path in the pipe. ing.
When installing this water turbine capsule type power generation device 3 on the river bed 2 in the drainage channel 1, a propeller turbine 13 is incorporated between the front end portion 12a and the rear end portion 12b of the water guide pipe in the capsule 11 as shown in FIG. An empty water guide pipe intermediate portion 12c is connected and the water control gate 14 is opened, and the capsule 11 is lifted by a crane and carried into the drainage channel 1 and temporarily placed on the riverbed 2 thereof. The anchor 4 is driven into the riverbed concrete through the fitting hole of the hard rubber waterstop cat 15 having a truncated cone shape or a cylindrical shape arranged between the bottom surface of the capsule 11 and the top surface of the riverbed 2 to fix the capsule 11. The anchor 4 is provided with a screw auger on the distal end side of the pipe, and cement milk is injected from the proximal end side of the pipe while the screw auger is dug into the riverbed concrete, and the capsule is fixed by the hardening. The operation of fixing the capsule 11 on the river bed 2 reduces the flow resistance and buoyancy resistance that act on the capsule 11 by flowing water in the drainage channel through the conduit 12 of the capsule 11. Can be carried out easily and safely without stopping the torrent. The hard rubber water-stopping cat 15 is arranged in close contact between the bottom surface of the capsule 11 and the top surface of the river bed 2, thereby preventing water leakage into the capsule 11 and absorbing shock.

  After the capsule 11 is fixedly arranged on the drainage channel 1 in the inner riverbed 2, the water control gate 14 is closed, the empty conduit intermediate portion 12c between the conduit end portion 12a and the rear end portion 12b is removed, and the propeller is removed. A water guide intermediate part 12 c incorporating a water turbine 13 is connected, a DC generator 16 is linked to the propeller water turbine 13 via a belt or the like, and a hydroelectric generator is mounted in the capsule 11. The DC generator 16 and the ground DC power receiving equipment 17 are connected by a power transmission cable 18. The water control gate 14 is opened, a test operation is performed, power generation is performed, and power transmission is started. Opening and closing in the water conduit 12 by the rotation of the water control gate 14 is as shown in FIG. 7, with the states (a) and (b) of FIG. 7 being open, and the states (c) and (d) being closed. Is shown. In the capsule 11, as shown in FIG. 5, three water guide pipes 12 each incorporating a propeller turbine 13 linked to a DC generator 16 are arranged, and thus three hydroelectric generators are mounted. Yes. The number of generators installed is set according to the drainage flow rate so that the maximum electrical energy can be extracted according to the drainage flow rate.

  On both sides of the upper part of the capsule 11, a blade 19 protrudes horizontally at an angle of 90 degrees, and an auxiliary capsule 20 is attached to the lower surface of the blade 19. In this auxiliary capsule 20, an auxiliary power generation device incorporating a propeller turbine connected to an auxiliary AC generator in an auxiliary water conduit is mounted. The electric power generated by the auxiliary power generation device is sent to the ground AC power receiving equipment 22 and the system premise power supply equipment 23 via the power transmission cable 21, and the power used in the system premise is covered by this. Maintenance of the auxiliary power generator is performed by bending the blade 19 upward 90 degrees and raising the auxiliary capsule 20 above the water surface of the drainage channel 1.

  The propeller turbine 13 employs a variable pitch propeller structure that adjusts the facing angle of the propeller with respect to the flowing water so that the rotation speed of the propeller is always constant regardless of changes in the flow rate of the drainage in the drainage channel 1 due to droughts and the like. ing. FIG. 8 shows the outline of the structure. The flow rate of the drainage is detected by the sensor 24 disposed between the water guide pipe front end portion 12a and the propeller turbine 13 and compared with the setting program based on the detected data. The control means 25 issues a control command to a servo motor 26 such as a hydraulic motor, and the servo motor 26 appropriately adjusts the facing angle of the water turbine propeller with respect to the flowing water based on the command, and the flowing water resistance received by the propeller corresponds to the flow velocity. By appropriately adjusting, the rotation speed of the propeller turbine is always kept constant regardless of changes in the flow velocity, and stable and efficient power generation is performed.

  The water control gate is not limited to the disk rotary door type gate 14 but may be of a type that slides or opens and closes up and down, left and right, but by using a disk rotary door type system that rotates within the water conduit 12, When the gate is opened, the flow rate of the drainage flowing through both sides of the conduit 12 is narrowed when the gate is opened, and the flow velocity is increased. As a result, the cavitation in the conduit is reduced. It is expected to contribute to the improvement of the propeller turbine efficiency.

  As shown in FIG. 9 and the like, the capsule 11 on which the hydroelectric generator is mounted is a teardrop type or streamlined type in order to reduce running water resistance. Therefore, even when the amount of flowing water and the flow velocity increase during a storm, etc., the hydroelectric generator can be arranged more stably in the rapid flow of flowing water, and the durability is also good.

The DC power obtained by the water turbine capsule-type hydroelectric generator 3 fixedly installed in the flowing water of the drainage channel 1 is energized to each electrode of the branch connection type electrolysis tank 6 by the power receiving facility 5 through the controller. Water is electrolyzed in the electrolysis tank 6 to generate hydrogen and oxygen.
As shown in FIG. 10, the branch connection type electrolysis cell 6 is formed by splitting an electrolytic cell as a main body for generating hydrogen and oxygen into an anode cell 2 7 for oxygen generation and a cathode cell 2 8 for hydrogen generation. The anode tank 27 and the cathode tank 28 are connected by a communication pipe 30 having a polymer membrane diaphragm 29 disposed in the middle on the outer surface of the bottom. The anode tank 27 for oxygen generation is connected to a water supply tank 32 for supplying fresh water via a communication pipe 31, and the water supply tank 32 is always at a constant water level via an automatic water supply control valve such as a flow and a valve (not shown). To be maintained. Accordingly, the water level of the water supply tank 32 and the electrolytic cell is always maintained at the same water level, and the electrolytic cell is automatically replenished with water corresponding to the amount of hydrogen and oxygen vaporized by electrolysis. A filter 33 for removing impurities in the water supply is disposed in the water supply tank 32. Since the polymer membrane diaphragm 29 is disposed in the middle part of the communication pipe 30 connecting the anode tank 27 and the cathode tank 28, it is not necessary to use an electrolyte solution for increasing the electrical conductivity in the electrolytic tank. What is necessary is just to supply fresh water to the anode tank 27 side.
The electrolytic cell is divided into two cells, an anode cell 27 and a cathode cell 28, and is connected to the outside of the bottom surface, so that the purity and generation efficiency of the mixture of hydrogen and oxygen generated in the same cell during electrolysis can be improved. The risk of reduction is prevented, and high-purity hydrogen and oxygen can be efficiently generated.

Hydrogen and oxygen generated from the cathode tank 28 and the anode tank 27 are sent to the hydrogen compression pumping apparatus 7 and the oxygen compression pumping apparatus 8 through the outlet pipes 34 and 35, respectively. As compressed hydrogen or liquefied hydrogen, oxygen is sent to the storage device as liquefied oxygen and stored in the hydrogen storage device 9 and the oxygen storage device 10, respectively.
A rotation control valve 36 is provided in the outlet pipes 34 and 35 so that the compressors 7 and 8 do not suck more than the amount of generated hydrogen and oxygen.

As shown in FIG. 11, each electrode of the anode 37 and the cathode 38 disposed in the anode tank 27 and the cathode tank 28 is formed into a circular shape by arranging a plurality of round bar-shaped unit electrodes with a slight gap between the electrode bars. A multi-core electrode 39 that is bundled to form a multi-core electrode is used. As a result, the surface area of the electrode increases and the electrolysis area can be increased, so that more hydrogen and oxygen can be extracted with the same supply power, and the generation efficiency can be further enhanced.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, in accordance with the supply power obtained by the hydroelectric generator 3, the branch connection type electrolysis tank 6 is connected to its anode tank 27 and cathode tank 28, and control valves are connected to the outlet pipes 34 and 35, respectively. A multi-tank electrolysis tank 40 connected in parallel through a plurality of tanks is used, so that more hydrogen and oxygen can be extracted with the same power supply, and the generation efficiency can be increased. Moreover, by using a multi-tank electrolysis tank, the electrolytic cell can be partially maintained without stopping the operation of generating hydrogen and oxygen.

The diameter A of the water introduction end side tip of the water guide front end portion 12a is set to be twice the diameter B of the tip of the water guide middle portion 12c into which the propeller turbine 13 is incorporated. For example, A is set to 80 cm while B is set to 40 cm, which is a half of that. Then, if the flow rate of drainage in the drainage channel 1 is 5 m per second, the flow rate of drainage at the tip A on the water introduction end side of the conduit 12a is 5 m / sec. Therefore, the flow rate of the drainage received by the propeller turbine 13 is 20 m / second, four times that of Bernoulli's theorem.
By the way, the Mihama Nuclear Power Station has three cooling water drainage channels with a width of 5m and a depth of 2m, and the drainage flow rate is 5m / sec. Two hydroelectric generators are installed in each drainage channel. When the installed water turbine capsule type hydroelectric generator is installed and operated, the generation amount of hydrogen and oxygen is approximately as follows.
The drainage amount of the three drainage channels is 5 m × 2 m × 5 m / sec = 150 m ³ / sec The power generation amount of the one hydroelectric generator is 250 KVAh.
The power generation amount in the three drainage channels is 250 × 2 × 3 = 1500 KVAh.
The direct current power required to obtain 1 m ³ of hydrogen is 6.5 Kwh.
The amount of hydrogen generated per day is (1500 × 0.8) /6.5×24=4330 m ³ .
The amount of oxygen generated per day is 4330 × 1/2 = 2165 m ³ .
The amount of hydrogen per year (assuming operation for 300 days) is 4330 × 300 = 1299000 m ³ .
The annual amount of oxygen is 2165 × 300 = 649500 m ³ .

1 is a block diagram of a system system according to the present invention. It is a cross-sectional top view at the time of installation to the riverbed in the drainage channel of the capsule of a watermill capsule type hydroelectric generator. It is a vertical side view at the time of mounting a propeller turbine and a direct current generator after completion of capsule installation of the turbine capsule type hydroelectric generator. It is a vertical side view at the time of a driving | operation of a water turbine capsule type hydroelectric generator. It is a cross-sectional top view at the time of a driving | operation of the water turbine capsule type hydroelectric power generator same as the above. It is a front view in the fixed arrangement | positioning state to the riverbed in the drainage channel of a watermill capsule type hydroelectric generator. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flowing water channel opening and closing state by the water control gate in a water conduit, (a) is a vertical side view at the time of opening, (b) is a cross-sectional plan view at the time of the opening, (c) is a vertical side view at the time of obstruction (D) is a cross-sectional plan view at the time of the closure. It is explanatory drawing which shows the control state of the variable pitch propeller structure in a propeller turbine. It is a perspective view of the water turbine capsule type hydroelectric generator fixedly arranged on the riverbed in the drainage channel. It is a longitudinal section showing the outline structure of a branch connection type electrolysis tank. It is a cross-sectional view of the multi-core electrode arrange | positioned in the anode tank and cathode tank of a branch connection type electrolysis tank. It is a top view of the multi-tank type electrolytic cell which connected many branch connection type electrolysis tanks to outlet piping in parallel.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drainage channel 2 Riverbed of drainage channel 3 Turbine capsule type hydroelectric generator 4 Anchor 5 DC power receiving equipment 6 Branch connection type electrolysis device 7 Hydrogen compression pumping device 8 Oxygen compression pumping device 9 Hydrogen storage device 10 Oxygen storage device 11 Capsule 12 Conduction Water pipe 12a Water pipe front end 12b Water pipe rear end 12c Water pipe middle part 13 Propeller turbine 14 Disc rotating door type water control gate 15 Water shutoff cat 16 DC generator 17 DC power receiving equipment 18 Power transmission cable 19 Wing plate 20 Auxiliary capsule 21 Power transmission cable 22 AC power receiving equipment 23 System premises power supply equipment 24 Flow velocity detection sensor 25 Control means (computer)
26 Servo motors such as hydraulic motors 27 Anode tank 28 Cathode tank 29 Polymer membrane diaphragm 30 Communication pipe 31 Communication pipe 32 Fresh water feed tank 33 Filter 34 Hydrogen outlet pipe 35 Oxygen outlet pipe 36 Rotation control valve 37 Anode 38 Cathode 39 Multi-core Electrode 40 Multi-tank electrolysis tank

Claims (10)

  A water turbine capsule-type hydroelectric generator is fixed by anchors on a riverbed in a drainage channel such as a cooling water drainage channel attached to a nuclear power plant, thermal power plant, factory, etc. or a drainage channel for discharging used water in a hydroelectric power plant. The wastewater energy is converted into electrical energy, and the obtained electric power is passed through the power receiving equipment on the ground to the branch connection type electrolysis tank to generate hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water, Hydrogen and oxygen generated are sent to a hydrogen storage device and an oxygen storage device via a compression device, respectively, and stored in the hydrogen storage device and the oxygen storage device, respectively. The power generation device has a water conduit for passing flowing water flowing in the drainage channel in the capsule, and this water conduit is divided into a front end portion, a rear end portion, and an intermediate portion connected between them. As an intermediate part, obtain electric power that does not incorporate a propeller turbine in the interior so that the hydroelectric generator can be fixed, easily, safely and stably on the riverbed without stopping the rapid flow of drainage flowing in the drainage channel For this purpose, a built-in propeller turbine connected to a DC generator is prepared, and the branch connection type electrolysis tank prevents a decrease in purity and generation efficiency due to mixing of generated hydrogen and oxygen. Therefore, the electrolytic cell is divided into an oxygen-generating anode cell and a hydrogen-generating cathode cell, and the anode cell and the cathode cell are connected to each other via a communication pipe on the outer surface of the bottom. A molecular membrane is provided, and the anode tank is connected to a fresh water supply water tank via a communication pipe so that the water level of the electrolysis tank and the water tank is always kept at a constant water level. You Hydrogen drainage energy use, oxygen generation system.   As a water turbine capsule type hydroelectric generator, a plurality of water guide pipes having a water control gate are arranged in the capsule, and each propeller is connected to a DC generator in the middle between the front and rear ends of each water pipe. 2. The hydrogen / oxygen generation system using wastewater energy according to claim 1, wherein a water pipe middle portion incorporating a water turbine is connected.   As a water turbine capsule-type hydroelectric generator, it is connected to an auxiliary AC generator in an auxiliary water conduit with a water control gate on the underside of a blade that can be bent horizontally at an angle of 90 degrees on both lateral outer surfaces of the capsule. The hydrogen / oxygen generation system using wastewater energy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an auxiliary capsule incorporating a propeller turbine is attached and disposed.   As a propeller turbine of a hydroelectric power generator, a propeller is installed by a sensor disposed between the water control gate in the front end of the water conduit and the propeller of the turbine in order to keep the rotation speed of the turbine constant regardless of changes in the drain flow velocity. The change in the flow velocity of the waste water is detected and sent to the control means. Based on the command from the control means, the angle of the propeller against the flowing water is adjusted in response to the change in the flow velocity via a servo motor such as a hydraulic motor. 4. A hydrogen / oxygen generation system using wastewater energy according to claim 1, wherein a variable pitch perforation structure that is appropriately adjusted is used.   As the water control gate, a disc revolving door type gate that opens and closes the flow channel in the water conduit by switching and rotating at a 90-degree angle in the water conduit in the front end and rear end of the water conduit is used. A hydrogen and oxygen generation system using wastewater energy according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4.   6. The capsule in which the hydroelectric generator is mounted has a teardrop shape or a streamline shape in order to reduce running water resistance. Hydrogen / oxygen generation system using wastewater energy.   As a means for securing the hydroelectric generator to the upper surface of the riverbed in the drainage channel, the capsule on which the hydroelectric generator is mounted is fixed to the outer surface of the bottom of the capsule on the bottom side of the anchor that fixes the capsule on the upper surface of the riverbed. In order to absorb the shock, a frustoconical or cylindrical hard rubber water-stopping cat fitted in close contact with the riverbed is used. The hydrogen and oxygen generation system using waste water energy according to 4, 5 or 6.   The anchor pipe, which is provided with a screw auger at the tip and can be injected with cement milk as an anchor, is used as means for fixing and arranging the upper surface of the river bed in the drainage channel of the hydroelectric generator. A hydrogen and oxygen generation system using wastewater energy according to 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7.   As electrodes arranged in the anode tank and cathode tank of the branch connection type electrolysis tank, a plurality of round bar-shaped unit electrodes are arranged in a circular shape with a slight gap between the electrode bars to form a multi-core electrode. The hydrogen / oxygen generation system using wastewater energy according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.   As a branch connection type electrolysis tank, a plurality of anode tanks and cathode tanks connected to each other outside the bottom surface via a communication pipe are connected in parallel to the outlet piping to the oxygen compression apparatus and hydrogen compression apparatus, respectively, via a control valve. A hydrogen / oxygen generation system using wastewater energy according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, wherein a multi-tank electrolytic cell is used.

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