JP4705995B1 - Building construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To improve workability, shorten the construction period, increase the mechanical strength of wall panels, suppress the adverse effects of rain, wind, and snow intrusion, and shorten the curing sheet to buildings during construction. Provide building construction methods that can be easily covered in time.
A building construction method in which a house is constructed with wood 2 or a wall panel 10 and the house under construction is protected by a curing sheet when the house is constructed. A structural plywood 19 that covers the outer surface of the wall frame 11, a gypsum board 22 that covers the inner surface of the wall frame 11, a wiring part 25 built in the wall frame 11, and the wall frame 11 and the gypsum board 22. A unit composed of a moisture-proof and airtight film 29 interposed therebetween. In addition, when a residential building is built, a single curing sheet is lifted by a crane truck, and the curing sheet is unfolded and lowered to cover and protect the house under construction, and the lower part of the curing sheet is fixed to the lower part of the house or the ground nearby .
[Selection] Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction method of a building represented by a private house.

  Conventionally, when building a private house with a frame wall construction method (also called a 2 × 4 construction method) to obtain excellent earthquake resistance, fire resistance, etc., a foundation is laid on the foundation as shown in FIG. 22 and FIG. Then, a structure 30 is constructed by constructing a floor surface for the first floor, and a plurality of wall panels 10A are erected and fixed vertically on the floor surface of the structure 30. Is built, and finally the ceiling and the roof are sequentially assembled, a house can be constructed (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  When building a house, a plurality of timbers, heat insulating materials, wall panels 10A manufactured in the field, and the like are used. Although it does not specifically limit as wood, Generally the dry lumbar material is used.

  When manufacturing the wall panel 10A, as shown in FIG. 23, a plurality of piers 15 are installed with a gap between the upper horizontal beam 13 and the lower horizontal beam 14 of the wall frame 11 assembled in the field. The wall frame 11 is erected on the floor surface of 30 and its lower crosspiece 14 is fixed by a plurality of nails 41A, and a plurality of structural plywoods 19 are attached to the opened outer surface of the wall frame 11 via the plurality of nails 41A. The lowermost portion 21 extending below the structural plywood 19 is attached to the outer surface of the floor joists 33 constituting the structural body 30 via a plurality of nails 41A, and a plurality of foams are built in the wall frame 11 to form a plurality of Then, the plurality of gypsum boards 22 are attached to the inner surface of the wall frame 11 via the plurality of nails 41A.

  Each gypsum board 22 is formed in a vertically long rectangle, and a plurality of large semi-elliptical window holes 70 are perforated in the lower part and the side part. An L-shaped nailing machine (not shown) that exhibits a nailing function is inserted into each window hole 70.

By the way, since the construction work of a house requires days, it is affected by rain, wind, and snow before the house is completed, and there is a risk of deteriorating the quality of the house. In particular, when building a house with a frame wall construction method, the surface structure provides better airtightness and thermal insulation than other construction methods, but when affected by rain, wind, and snow, these airtightness and thermal insulation properties are obtained. There is a risk of losing the advantages of the framework wall method.
Therefore, conventionally, a large number of curing sheets are overlaid and covered on all or a part of a house under construction to protect it from rain, wind, and snow (see Patent Documents 3 and 4).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-239404 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-205015 JP 2008-144497 A JP 2008-7943 A

  The conventional building construction method has a problem that workability is very poor and the construction period is delayed because the wall panel 10A has to be manufactured on site in the time as described above. In addition, a plurality of large window holes 70 must be previously drilled in the lower and side portions of the gypsum board 22, and after opening the nails 41A, the opened window holes 70 must be closed and filled with plaster. The deterioration of workability is spurred, and the mechanical strength of the wall panel 10A itself is often lowered.

  In addition, in the case of bad weather, a large number of curing sheets are simply overlapped and covered on a house in the middle of construction, so that rain, wind, and snow can easily enter between adjacent curing sheets to make wood, heat insulating material, and wall panel 10A. There is a problem that the performance of the wood, the heat insulating material, and the wall panel 10 </ b> A that are required to be dry is deteriorated. Specifically, the wood constituting the base, the wall panel 10A, the ceiling, etc. absorbs moisture and causes dimensional deviation, warpage, or excessive thermal conductivity of the heat insulating material. Furthermore, the operation | work which coat | covers many curing sheets on the house in the middle of a construction requires a long time, and also takes time and is complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, can improve workability and shorten the work period, enhance the mechanical strength of the wall panel, suppress the adverse effects of rain, wind, snow intrusion, And it aims at providing the construction method of the building which can coat | cover a curing sheet | seat on the building in the middle of construction easily in a short time.

To solve the above problems in the present invention, by using a plurality of wall panels which have been transported from a plurality of wood and plant construction site to construction housing in wood frame construction, one at the residential building It is a construction method that covers and protects the curing sheet,
Each wall panel includes a wall frame made of lumbar material that requires drying, an outer layer that covers the outer surface of the wall frame, an inner layer that covers the inner surface of the wall frame, and a wiring part that is built in the wall frame, It consists of a moisture barrier layer interposed between the wall frame and the inner layer , unitized before transport to the construction site, and the first partition material between the upper and lower parts of the wall frame, between the both sides of the wall frame Each of the second partition members is installed, and the first and second partition members are combined to form a plurality of spaces, and each space is filled with a heat-resistant filler, and the lower part of the wall frame and the lower part of the inner layer Forming a gap for sealing between the lower surface, exposing at least the lower part of the moisture-proof layer from between the wall frame and the inner layer, extending in the direction of the outer layer, and overlapping the lower lower end of the moisture-proof layer on the lower lower surface of the wall frame,
The curing sheet is formed into a planar rectangle by coating the front and back surfaces of the polyester resin sheet with ethylene vinyl acetate resin, and the size is set to 20 m × 25 m or more, and penetrates at least at the four corners of the peripheral edge of the curing sheet. Each hole is provided, the total weight of the curing sheet is 200 kg or more, and the weight per 1 m ² is in the range of 0.34 kg to 0.7 kg,
If the weather worsens during the construction of a house, a part of the curing sheet is rolled through a separate core material according to the form of the house during construction, and the part of the rounded curing sheet and a plurality of through holes At the same time, the ends of the ropes are tied together with Nanjing knots or hail knots, and the ropes tied to a part of the curing sheet are lifted with a crane car hook, and the curing sheet is placed above the house in the middle of the building. The sheet is gradually lowered toward the house under construction, and the curing sheet is spread by pulling the ropes that are respectively bound to a plurality of through holes to directly cover and protect almost all of the house under construction. It is characterized in that all ropes tied to the seat are released and the peripheral edge of the curing seat is fixed to the lower part of the house in the middle of construction or the ground nearby.

In addition, a windproof material, a ventilation layer, and a fireproof outer wall material can be sequentially laminated on the outer layer of the wall panel.

Here, when the building of housing that put in the claims, wood or heat insulating material, other wall panel, can be used rebar and heat insulating material or the like. Moreover, the outer layer and the inner layer of the wall panel may be singular or plural. Examples of the inner layer include at least gypsum board, sizing gypsum board, and decorative gypsum board.

  Examples of the wiring parts of the wall panel include at least a plurality of wiring cords, cables, tubes, outlets, wiring switches, connectors, relay boxes, clamps, wiring fittings, component fittings, optical fibers, and the like. The moisture-proof layer may be a single sheet or a plurality of sheets. Furthermore, the filler includes at least one or more glass wool, rock wool, cellulose fiber, insulation board, polyethylene foam, rigid urethane foam, and the like.

According to the present invention, a wall panel is not manufactured using a wall frame, a structural plywood, a foam, and a gypsum board at a building site, but at least a wall panel, an outer layer, an inner layer, and a wiring in advance. Consists of parts and moisture-proof layer, unitized, transported to the site and fixed.
In addition, in the present invention, when a building under construction is covered and protected by a curing sheet with a wood or wall panel, by extending the suspended curing sheet while lowering the building under construction from the upper outside, If covered, the building is blocked from the outside, so that the building materials of the building can be effectively protected from rain, wind, snow, moisture, hail and the like.

  According to the present invention, workability can be improved, the work period can be shortened, and the mechanical strength of the wall panel can be enhanced. Specifically, since the wall panel is manufactured and stocked at a factory or the like, it is not necessary to make a wall panel at the site over time. Therefore, workability can be improved and the construction period can be shortened. Moreover, since it is not necessary to perforate window holes in the lower and side portions of the gypsum board or to close each opened window hole with gypsum or the like, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the mechanical strength of the wall panel itself. .

In addition, the heat-resistant filler is not simply covered with the moisture-proof layer, but the moisture-proof layer is laminated on the entire inner surface of the wall frame so that at least the lower part protrudes from the wall frame. Improvement of energy consumption, efficiency of energy used, prevention of condensation and mold, and prevention of corrosion of houses . Moreover, since the lower lower end of the moisture-proof layer is embedded in and overlapped with the lower lower surface of the wall frame, it is possible to improve dehumidification, waterproofing and airtightness.

Further, since the sealing material can be filled in the gap between the lower part of the wall frame and the lower lower surface of the inner layer, sufficient airtightness can be expected through the multilayer structure of the moisture-proof layer and the sealing material. Furthermore, there is an effect that it is possible to suppress the adverse effects associated with the invasion of rain, wind and snow, and to easily cover the curing sheet in a short time on the house in the middle of construction. In particular, when building a house with a framed wall construction method, the surface structure can provide better airtightness and heat insulation than other construction methods, but these performances are affected by rain, wind, and snow, and may decrease. Can be effectively eliminated.

Moreover, if the size of the curing sheet is set to 20 m × 25 m or more, it is possible to cover almost the entire house in the middle of construction. In addition, if the total weight of the curing sheet is 200 kg or more and the weight per 1 m ² is in the range of 0.34 kg to 0.7 kg, in addition to obtaining excellent weather resistance and water resistance, the lower part of the curing sheet is Even if it is not particularly fixed, it is possible to suppress the curing sheet from being rolled and in contact with the building material to damage the building material or generate noise.

In addition, if a part of the curing sheet is lifted by a crane truck according to the roof shape of the house under construction, etc., the covering of the curing sheet is less biased and almost all of the house under construction is uniform. Can be coated. Moreover, since a mobile crane vehicle is used, a crane vehicle can be installed according to the situation of a construction site, and the convenience of construction can be improved. In addition, a part of the curing sheet is rounded into a substantially spherical shape through a core made of a separate cardboard, etc., and the curled part of this curing sheet is made into a Nanjing knot or a quick knot with a rope. In addition, loosening and vibration can be easily prevented. Moreover, since the ends of the rope are respectively bound to the plurality of through-holes of the curing sheet with a Nanjing knot or a hail knot, loosening and vibration of the rope can be prevented. Furthermore, curing after coating the substantially all of housing under construction by the seat, housing under construction, or be fixed at the bottom of curing the sheet to the ground in the vicinity thereof, fluttering prevention of curing the sheet due to strong winds can be expected.

It is a perspective explanatory view showing typically the state where the floor set for the first floor was built on the foundation in the embodiment of the building construction method of the building according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view schematically showing a state in which a heat insulating material is spread in the partitioned space of the floor set for the first floor in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a perspective explanatory view schematically showing a state in which a first-floor wall panel is constructed around the first-floor floor assembly in FIG. 2. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the wall panel in embodiment of the construction method of the building which concerns on this invention. It is front explanatory drawing which shows the state which looked at a part of wall panel in embodiment of the construction method of the building which concerns on this invention from the gypsum board side. It is a partial section explanatory view showing typically an embodiment of a building construction method of the building concerning the present invention. It is a partial section explanatory view showing typically an embodiment of a building construction method of the building concerning the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st, 2nd screw in embodiment of the construction method of the building which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement state of the 1st, 2nd screw in embodiment of the construction method of the building which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing state of the wall frame in embodiment of the construction method of the building which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which sticks the structural plywood on the wall frame in embodiment of the construction method of the building which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which attaches wiring parts to the wall frame in embodiment of the construction method of the building which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which fills the wall frame in embodiment of the construction method of the building which concerns on this invention with glass wool. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which stretches a moisture-proof airtight film on the wall frame in embodiment of the construction method of the building which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which sticks a gypsum board on the wall frame in embodiment of the construction method of the building which concerns on this invention. It is sectional explanatory drawing which shows the serial joining state of the wall panel in embodiment of the construction method of the building which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective explanatory view showing typically the state where a ceiling panel is installed in the upper part of the wall panel for the first floor. FIG. 18 is a perspective explanatory view schematically showing a state where the first floor of FIG. 17 has been built. It is a perspective explanatory view showing typically the state where a curing sheet is lifted and covered on a house in the middle of construction in an embodiment of a building construction method according to the present invention. It is a perspective explanatory view showing typically the curing sheet under covering in the embodiment of the building construction method according to the present invention. It is a perspective explanatory view showing typically the state where construction of the second floor in the embodiment of the building construction method according to the present invention was completed. It is partial explanatory drawing which shows the state which fixed the structural plywood of the wall panel to the floor joist which comprises the conventional structure. It is perspective explanatory drawing which shows the conventional wall panel typically.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A building construction method of a building in the present embodiment uses a plurality of timbers 2, wall panels 10 and the like as shown in FIGS. The house 1 is constructed by the frame wall construction method (2 × 4 method), and when the house 1 is constructed, one large curing sheet 60 is lifted by the crane car 61, and the curing sheet 60 is lowered while being developed and is under construction. The housing 1 is covered and protected, and the lower part of the curing sheet 60 is fixed to the lower part of the house 1 or the ground in the vicinity thereof.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 17, and 18, a plurality of timbers 2, heat insulating materials, ceiling panels 3, and wall panels 10 manufactured in advance at a factory are used for building the house 1. The Although it does not specifically limit as the timber 2, Generally the dry cheap lumbar material which is excellent in intensity | strength, dimensional accuracy, etc. is used.

  As shown in FIG. 4 and the like, the wall panel 10 is excellent in workability, dimensional stability, and the like, a wooden wall frame 11, a plurality of structural plywoods 19 that coat the outer surface of the wall frame 11 as a base material, A plurality of inexpensive gypsum boards 22 covering the inner surface of the wall frame 11, a wiring part 25 built in the wall frame 11, a high performance glass wool 28 built in the wall frame 11, a wall frame 11 and a gypsum board And a moisture-proof and airtight film 29 interposed between them and a plurality of sheets, which are manufactured in advance in a factory, transported to the site, and bonded and fixed to a building structure 30 via a fastener 40.

  The wall frame 11 includes a pair of left and right vertical bars 12 facing each other at intervals, a pair of upper and lower upper horizontal bars 13 installed horizontally via nails between the upper parts of the pair of vertical bars 12, and a pair of vertical bars. It is formed in a hollow rectangular shape from a lower horizontal beam 14 installed horizontally via a nail between lower portions of the beam 12, and is configured to have a height of about 2.7 m, which is higher than a general height of 2.33 m. The vertical beam 12, the upper horizontal beam 13, and the lower horizontal beam 14 of the wall frame 11 are each formed of inexpensive imported wood, such as a lumbar material, which is excellent in drying properties.

  Between the pair of upper horizontal rails 13 and the lower horizontal rail 14, a plurality of vertical bars 15 are arranged side by side at intervals, and a horizontal beam 16 is interposed between the center portions of the pair of vertical rails 12. It is laid horizontally through nails. The pair of upper horizontal rails 13 are perforated through the through holes 17 for exposing the wiring parts 25, and another long wood 2 is stacked and fixed as an upper horizontal rail from above when the plurality of wall panels 10 are joined. The plurality of crosspieces 15 and the horizontal crosspieces 16 are formed of, for example, a lumbar material, and are combined with each other to form a plurality of vertically long spaces 18, and increase the rigidity of the wall panel 10 and reinforce the wall panel 10. To do.

  The plurality of structural plywoods 19 are attached to the open outer surface of the wall frame 11 in a horizontal row through nails, and a window opening 20 or the like for a window is formed larger as required (see FIGS. 12 and 13). . Each structural plywood 19 is formed into a vertically long rectangle having excellent strength using, for example, softwood plywood or lauan, and the surface is subjected to insect repellent treatment, antiseptic treatment, etc., and the lowermost portion 21 is the lower portion of the wall frame 11. It extends longer than the lower surface of the horizontal rail 14 (for example, about 6 cm) and protrudes. The upper part of the structural plywood 19 is aligned with the upper horizontal rail 13 of the wall frame 11 as needed, or is positioned lower than the upper horizontal rail 13.

  The plurality of gypsum boards 22 are affixed to the inner surface of the wall frame 11 in a horizontal row through nails, and the opening facing the opening 20, the exposure port 23 for exposing the wiring parts, and the required number of holes are perforated. Exhibits functions, fire prevention, sound insulation, etc. Each gypsum board 22 is completely affixed to the inner surface of the wall frame 11 at the factory as needed, or temporarily fixed so that it can be easily attached and detached.

  The gypsum board 22 is formed in a vertically long rectangle having a thickness of 12.5 mm or more, and the lower part is shorter than the lower horizontal beam 14 of the wall frame 11. A gap 24 for sealing is formed in a rectangular cross section (see FIGS. 6 and 7). In the lower part of the gypsum board 22, tip holes, marks, and the like for the fasteners 40 are formed side by side as necessary. Moreover, the upper part of the gypsum board 22 is aligned with the upper horizontal rail 13 of the wall frame 11 as necessary, or is positioned lower than the upper horizontal rail 13.

  The wiring part 25 is installed in the lower part of the pier 15 and exposed from the exposure port 23 of the gypsum board 22, and the wiring cord connected to the outlet box 26 and exposed through the through hole 17 of the upper side rail 13. 27. The outlet box 26 is covered with an outlet cover (not shown) that is screwed into the exposure port 23. Further, the wiring cord 27 is locked in the longitudinal direction of the pier 15 via a wiring fitting.

  Each glass wool 28 is made of, for example, an inorganic fiber material having excellent durability and water resistance. The glass wool 28 is filled in each of the plurality of spaces 18 of the wall frame 11 to cover the wiring parts 25 and exhibits a heat insulating function as a heat insulating material and a high airtight function.

  The moisture-proof and air-tight film 29 is formed in a rectangular shape using a film made of aluminum, OPP, PET, or the like having a thickness of 0.02 mm or more, for example, and the periphery of the upper, lower, and left and right sides is a wall frame 11. And the gypsum board 22 are projected outside and exposed to the outside, and the exposed portion is sandwiched between the wall frame 11 and the structure 30 and between the wall frame 11 and another wall frame 11 adjacent to the wall frame 11 ( (See FIGS. 1, 4, and 6).

  When manufacturing such a wall panel 10, first, the wall frame 11 is assembled using a pair of vertical bars 12, a pair of upper horizontal bars 13, a lower horizontal bar 14, a plurality of bars 15, and a horizontal bar 16. (See FIG. 10). A plurality of structural plywoods 19 are attached to the outer surface of the wall frame 11 in a horizontal row through nails (see FIG. 11), and the wall frame 11 with the opening 20 is turned upside down. Lay down.

  When the plurality of structural plywoods 19 are thus attached to the wall frame 11, the outlet box 26 and the wiring cord 27 of the wiring parts 25 are wired in the wall frame 11, and the wiring cord 27 is connected to the through holes 17 of the pair of upper horizontal rails 13. Pull out to the outside (see FIG. 12), and fill the plurality of spaces 18 of the wall frame 11 with glass wool 28 to cover the wiring parts 25 (see FIG. 13).

  Then, a moisture-proof and air-tight film 29 is laminated on the inner surface of the wall frame 11 to cover a plurality of glass wool 28 (see FIG. 14), and the periphery of the moisture-proof and air-tight film 29 protrudes from the periphery of the wall frame 11. A plurality of gypsum boards 22 are attached to the inner surface of the gypsum board side by side through nails (see FIG. 15), and then the outlet box 26 of the wiring parts 25 is exposed from the exposure opening 23 of the gypsum board 22 to form a unit. The wall panel 10 can be manufactured.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the building structure 30 includes a foundation 31 that is placed and cured via a moisture-proof sheet on the crushed crushed stone, and the timber 2 is a base on the foundation 31. 32 and large pulls are fixed by anchor bolts or the like, and floor joists 33 for the first floor are assembled on these foundations 32 and large pulls. A plywood 35 and a flooring 36 as a floor are sequentially laminated and laid.

  The lowermost portion 21 of the structural plywood 19 is fixed to the outer surface, which is an upright surface of the floor joist 33, from the horizontal outer direction via a fastener 40, and in the gap 24 between the flooring 36 and the lower lower surface of the gypsum board 22, An airtight / waterproof sealant 37 made of modified silicone or the like is applied by a caulking gun.

  7 to 9, the fastener 40 includes a plurality of nails 41 for fixing the lowermost portion 21 of the structural plywood 19 and the outer surface of the floor joist 33, and a lower portion of the structural plywood 19 obliquely from the outside. A dedicated first screw 42 that penetrates downward and fixes the lower crosspiece 14 and floor joist 33 of the wall panel 10 and the lower part of the gypsum board 22 obliquely downward from the inner direction and penetrates the lower part of the wall panel 10. It is formed from a dedicated second screw 42A for fixing the cross rail 14 and the floor joist 33. The plurality of nails 41 are driven side by side in the left and right direction of the lowermost part of the structural plywood 19 and are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction.

  The first and second screws 42 and 42A include, for example, a barrel 43 formed to have a diameter of φ4.2 mm using cast steel, forged steel, cast iron, carburized and hardened steel wire, and the like. A sharp screw thread 44 protrudes from the front part and the rear part including the front end part, and a head part 45 having a substantially frustoconical shape and a hole is integrally formed at the end part. It is formed in a size of 12 cm and φ6 mm. These first and second screws 42 and 42A are screwed side by side in the left-right direction of the wall frame 11, and are arranged in a staggered manner so as not to interfere with each other.

The inclination angle when the first and second screws 42 and 42A are screwed is not particularly limited, but is 45 ° to 85 °, preferably 60 ° to the horizontal plane from the viewpoint of improving workability. The range is 80 °. As such first and second screws 42 and 42A, a screw manufactured by Dandri Seisakusho (trade name SP-120: body diameter 4.2 mm, screw portion mountain diameter 6.0 mm, total length 120 mm, screw length 45 mm) is preferably used.
As shown in FIG. 9, the first and second screws 42 and 42 </ b> A are appropriately used for fixing the structural plywood 19 and the gypsum board 22 of the wall panel 10 as necessary.

  As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the curing sheet 60 is not particularly limited. For example, the sheet made of an inexpensive polyester resin excellent in flexibility and weather resistance, and the front and back surfaces of this sheet are coated respectively. Water-resistant and flame-retardant vinyl chloride resin, and is formed in a flat rectangular shape according to the form and size when the house 1 is completed. The curing sheet 60 has a size (for example, 20 m × 25 m or more, or 25 m × 25 m or more) that can cover almost the entire house 1 in the middle of construction, and penetrates at least four corners of the peripheral portion for convenience of work. Each hole is perforated, and the end of the rope for operation is tied to each through hole with a Nanjing knot, main knot, hail knot or the like that can prevent loosening and vibration.

The thickness of the curing sheet 60 is not particularly limited, but is in the range of 0.35 to 0.60 mm, preferably in the range of 0.52 to 0.59 mm, more preferably from the viewpoint of ensuring waterproofing. A range of 0.56 to 1.00 mm is preferable. The weight of the curing sheet 60 is not particularly limited, but is preferably at least 200 kg, preferably 300 kg or more, and more preferably 500 kg or more so as not to be blown by wind or the like and generate noise. The weight per 1 m ^{2 of the} curing sheet 60 is 0.34 kg or more, preferably 0.4 kg or more, more preferably 0.5 kg to less than 0.7 kg, and still more preferably 0.55 kg.

  In the above configuration, when the house 1 is constructed by the frame wall construction method, first, a first-floor floor assembly is constructed on the foundation 31, and the heat insulating material 34 is laid on each of the many compartment spaces, etc. (See FIG. 1 and FIG. 2), and a plurality of wall panels 10 for the first floor are vertically joined and fixed around the structure 30 (see FIG. 3), and between the upper portions of the plurality of wall panels 10 The ceiling panel 3 is erected to complete the first floor installation (see FIGS. 4, 17, and 18).

  In order to join and fix the plurality of wall panels 10, first, the transported wall panel 10 is placed on the flooring 36 of the structure 30 that has already been constructed, and the moisture-proof and airtight film 29 is placed between the flooring 36 and the wall panel 10. The exposed lower part is bent and interposed, and the lowermost part 21 of each structural plywood 19 is positioned on the outer surface of the floor joist 33 constituting the structure 30 and fixed by a nail 41.

  Next, a plurality of first screws 42 are inserted obliquely downward into the lower part of each structural plywood 19 to fix the lower cross rail 14 of the wall panel 10, the floor joists 33 of the structural body 30, and the structural plywood 35. A plurality of second screws 42A are inserted obliquely downward into the lower part of each gypsum board 22 to fix the lower crosspiece 14 of the wall panel 10, the floor joist 33 of the structural body 30, and the structural plywood 35. An airtight / waterproof sealant 37 is applied to the gap 24 between the lower lower surface of the gypsum board 22 and the flooring 36 by a caulking gun to ensure the airtightness of the wall frame 11, the gypsum board 22 and the flooring 36.

  At this time, the plurality of first and second screws 42 and 42 </ b> A exhibit a strong frictional force and holding force by screwing the front screw thread 44 to the floor joist 33 of the structure 30, and the rear screw. The mountain 44 is screwed into the lower crosspiece 14 of the wall panel 10 to exert a strong frictional force and holding force, and the central portion 46 not engraved with the screw thread 44 penetrates the lower crosspiece 14 of the wall panel 10.

  Then, if a sheet-shaped windproof material 50, a ventilation layer 51, and a decorative fire-resistant outer wall material 52 are sequentially laminated on the outer surface of the plurality of structural plywoods 19 as the base material, a wall is provided on the structure 30. The panel 10 can be joined and fixed. As the outer wall material 52, for example, a light wooden outer wall material, a metal outer wall material, an asbestos-based outer wall material, a lightweight cellular concrete, or the like is used.

  The second floor portion of the house 1 is constructed according to the above work procedure. When the weather is deteriorated and the construction is interrupted, one curing sheet 60 is attached to the crane car 61 for the house 1 being built. And covering (see FIG. 19) to effectively protect and protect the wood 2, the heat insulating material, and the wall panel 10 of the house 1 during construction from rain, wind, snow, moisture, and the like (see FIG. 20).

  Specifically, the curing sheet 60 is transported from the factory to the construction site in advance, and the central portion, which is a part of the curing sheet 60, is rolled to form a binding material (connecting striated body made of rope, rubber cord, wire, etc. The binding material is locked to the hook 62 of the crane vehicle 61 and lifted, and the telescopic boom of the crane vehicle 61 is extended and retracted to dispose the curing sheet 60 above the house 1 during construction. start.

  When the central portion of the curing sheet 60 is bound with a binding material, the central portion of the curing sheet 60 is rounded into a substantially spherical shape through a core made of a separate cushion, rubber, cardboard, or the like, and the curing sheet 60 is rounded. If the central part is made of a binding material such as a Nanjing knot, a main knot, or a fast knot, it can be tightly bound and easily prevented from loosening and vibration. In addition, the crane vehicle 61 is not particularly limited, but for example, a cargo crane, a truck crane, a rough terrain crane, or the like can be used as appropriate according to the road conditions at the construction site.

  When the curing sheet 60 starts to be gradually lowered in this manner, the curing sheet 60 is appropriately expanded by hand work while lowering the curing sheet 60, and the curing sheet 60 covers substantially all of the house 1 in the middle of construction from the upper outside, In order to release the locking between the central portion of the curing sheet 60 and the hook 62 of the crane vehicle 61 and then reliably prevent the lower portion of the curing sheet 60 from fluttering, it is placed on the ground below the housing 1 during construction or in the vicinity thereof. What is necessary is just to fix the peripheral lower part of the curing sheet 60. FIG.

  During these operations, if the operation rope (operation striatum) or the like previously inserted through the plurality of through holes of the curing sheet 60 is appropriately pulled, the constricted curing sheet 60 can be easily expanded. be able to. Moreover, although it is preferable to cover the whole house 1 in the middle of the building with the curing sheet 60, the lower part of the foundation 31 and the like may be slightly exposed if the wood 2 and the heat insulating material of the house 1 are not adversely affected. . Further, when fixing the curing sheet 60, a dedicated fixing tool may be used, but existing architectural nails, bolts, hooks, rubber, and the like may be selectively used.

  When the weather recovers and the construction is resumed, the curing sheet 60 is removed and the second floor part of the house 1 is constructed, the ceiling and the roof are assembled, and the second floor is built, thereby constructing the house 1 Yes (see FIG. 21). When removing the curing sheet 60, for example, the fixing of the lower peripheral edge of the curing sheet 60 is released, and the central portion that is a part of the curing sheet 60 is rebound with a binding material, and this binding material is attached to the hook 62 of the crane vehicle 61. After locking and lifting, the telescopic boom of the crane vehicle 61 may be expanded and contracted to move the curing sheet 60 from the house 1 during construction.

  According to the said structure, since the wall panel 10 which is main parts is manufactured and stocked at a factory, it is not necessary to manufacture the wall panel 10 on the spot over time. Therefore, workability can be remarkably improved and the construction period can be shortened. In addition, since it is not necessary to perforate the window holes 70 in the lower and side portions of the gypsum board 22 or to close the opened window holes 70 with gypsum or the like, the mechanical strength of the wall panel 10 itself is reduced. Can be suppressed.

  In addition, since a plurality of crosspieces 15 and crosspieces 16 are arranged and combined in the wall frame 11 to prevent the wall panel 10 from being bent, even if an attempt is made to heighten the ceiling by setting the wall panel 10 to a total height of 2.34 m or more. Excellent strength and rigidity can be effectively secured. In addition, the wiring cord 27 of the wiring part 25 is not inserted through the moisture-proof and airtight film 29 and pulled out to the outside, but the wiring cord 27 of the wiring part 25 is pulled out from the through hole 17 of the upper side rail 13 to the outside. There is no need to repair 29 insertion portions, and an excellent airtight structure can be obtained.

  In addition, the wall wool 11 is not simply filled with the glass wool 28, but is filled with the glass wool 28 in each of the plurality of partitioned spaces 18, so that it is possible to improve workability by suppressing the displacement of the glass wool 28 and the like. become. Further, since the plurality of glass wools 28 are not simply covered with the moisture-proof and air-tight film 29, the moisture-proof and air-tight film 29 is laminated on the entire inner surface of the wall frame 11, and the periphery thereof is projected from the periphery of the wall frame 11. It is possible to improve heat insulation, improve the efficiency of energy used, prevent condensation and mold, and prevent the corrosion of buildings.

  In addition, since the lowermost portion 21 where the structural plywood 19 is extended is fixed to the outer surface of the floor joist 33, the structural plywood 19 can be temporarily fixed easily. In addition, the lower part of the moisture-proof and airtight film 29 is not simply aligned with the lower horizontal beam 14 of the wall panel 10, but the lower part of the moisture-proof and airtight film 29 is inserted and sandwiched between the flooring 36 and the lower horizontal beam 14 of the wall panel 10. Dehumidification, waterproofing and airtightness can be greatly improved.

  Further, because the wall panel 10 is unitized, the wall frame 11 cannot be erected on the floor of the structure 30 and the lower cross rail 14 cannot be fixed by the nail 41A. One wall 42 is inserted diagonally downward to fix the wall panel 10 and floor joist 33, and the second screw 42A is inserted obliquely downward to the lower part of the gypsum board 22 to attach the wall panel 10 and floor joist 33 to the lower side. Because the wall panel 10 is fixed, the wall panel 10 can be firmly and easily fixed to the structure 30 even if the wall panel 10 is manufactured in advance at the factory and unitized. .

  Further, instead of using nails having a weak holding force or forming the screw threads 44 on the entire body 43 of the first and second screws 42 and 42A, only the front and rear portions of the cylinder 43 are threaded. 44 is formed in a protruding manner, and the strength is increased without forming the thread 44 in the central portion 46 of the body 43, so that it is possible to obtain a screw that is strong against wind from the lateral direction and has excellent strength and rigidity, and The use of the first and second screws 42 and 42A can be expected to greatly improve the bonding and fixing strength of the wall panel 10. In particular, when SP-120 is used as the first and second screws 42 and 42A, it is possible to obtain a holding power and high reliability that are three to four times as compared with ordinary screws.

  Further, the sealing material 37 is filled in the gap 24 between the lower lower surface of the gypsum board 22 and the flooring 36 instead of simply contacting the lower lower surface of the gypsum board 22 and the flooring 36, so that the moisture-proof and airtight film 29 and the sealing material 37 are filled. Ensuring sufficient airtightness can be expected through the multilayer structure.

  Moreover, since it coats from the upper outer side using one large-sized curing sheet 60 instead of using many curing sheets 60, rain wind invades between adjacent curing sheets 60 and is used for the first floor. It is possible to suppress and prevent adverse effects on the wood 2 and the heat insulating material constituting the floor assembly, the wall panel 10, the ceiling panel 3, and the like. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent performance degradation of the wood 2, the heat insulating material, and the wall panel 10 that require drying characteristics. In addition, since the heavy curing sheet 60 that has been lifted is spread and coated while being lowered, the weight of the curing sheet 60 can be used for quick and rapid coating, and the coating operation can be significantly smoothed, simplified, and facilitated. .

  Moreover, since the weight of the curing sheet 60 is 200 kg or more, it is not blown by wind or the like and comes into contact with the timber 2, thereby generating noise and causing no trouble to surrounding residents. In addition, since the central portion of the curing sheet 60 is lifted, there is no bias in the covering amount of the curing sheet 60, and a part of the house 1 in the middle of the construction is exposed, and the wood 2 and the like are exposed to the wind and rain, and are adversely affected. It becomes possible to prevent.

  In addition, when the roof of the house 1 in the middle of the construction has a special shape such as an unequal triangle, the covering amount of the curing sheet 60 can be increased by lifting a portion shifted outward from the center of the curing sheet 60. It is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of bias. Further, since the building work is not performed inside the covered curing sheet 60, it is not necessary to always lift the curing sheet 60 by the crane vehicle 61 in order to maintain the form of the curing sheet 60.

  In addition, the wall frame 11 of the said embodiment can be formed in a rectangle or a square, and you may increase / decrease the number of the crosspieces 15 and the crosspieces 16 suitably. Further, other layers may be appropriately interposed between the wall frame 11 and the structural plywood 19 and / or between the wall frame 11 and the gypsum board 22. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the liquid sealing material 37 was filled into the clearance gap 24 between the lower lower surface of the gypsum board 22 and the flooring 36, it is not limited to this at all. For example, a fixed sealing material may be used.

  Further, when the plurality of wall panels 10 are joined side by side, the side portions of the moisture-proof and air-tight film 29 may be sandwiched between adjacent wall panels 10 to improve dehumidification, waterproofness, and airtightness. Moreover, the wall panel 10 can be used not only for each part of the first floor but also for construction of each part of the second floor.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the curing sheet 60 which coated the vinyl chloride resin on the front and back of the sheet | seat made from a polyester resin was shown, it is not limited to this at all. For example, a curing sheet 60 in which an ethylene vinyl acetate resin or the like is coated on the front and back surfaces of a polyester resin sheet may be used, or a curing sheet 60 in which a polyester resin sheet is sandwiched between a pair of ethylene vinyl acetate resins or the like. Further, a curing sheet 60 made of a polyester resin sheet can be used.

  The building construction method according to the present invention can be used in the fields of architecture and civil engineering.

1 house (building)
2 Wood 3 Ceiling panel 10 Wall panel 11 Wall frame 12 Vertical beam (side)
13 Upper side rail (upper)
14 Lower horizontal rail (lower)
15 pier (first partition)
16 Horizontal rail (second partition)
17 Through-hole 18 Space 19 Structural plywood (outer layer)
22 Gypsum board (inner layer)
24 Gap 25 Wiring parts 28 Glass wool (filler)
29 Moisture-proof and air-tight film (moisture-proof layer)
30 Structure 50 Windproof Material 51 Vent Layer 52 Outer Wall Material 60 Curing Sheet 61 Crane (Crane)

Claims (2)

Using a plurality of wall panels, which have been transported to the building site of a plurality of wood and plants to building a house in wood frame construction, the buildings to be protected at the time of this residential building covered with a piece of curing sheet A construction method,
Each wall panel includes a wall frame made of lumbar material that requires drying, an outer layer that covers the outer surface of the wall frame, an inner layer that covers the inner surface of the wall frame, and a wiring part that is built in the wall frame, It consists of a moisture barrier layer interposed between the wall frame and the inner layer , unitized before transport to the construction site, and the first partition material between the upper and lower parts of the wall frame, between the both sides of the wall frame Each of the second partition members is installed, and the first and second partition members are combined to form a plurality of spaces, and each space is filled with a heat-resistant filler, and the lower part of the wall frame and the lower part of the inner layer Forming a gap for sealing between the lower surface, exposing at least the lower part of the moisture-proof layer from between the wall frame and the inner layer, extending in the direction of the outer layer, and overlapping the lower lower end of the moisture-proof layer on the lower lower surface of the wall frame,
The curing sheet is formed into a planar rectangle by coating the front and back surfaces of the polyester resin sheet with ethylene vinyl acetate resin, and the size is set to 20 m × 25 m or more, and penetrates at least at the four corners of the peripheral edge of the curing sheet. Each hole is provided, the total weight of the curing sheet is 200 kg or more, and the weight per 1 m ² is in the range of 0.34 kg to 0.7 kg,
If the weather worsens during the construction of a house, a part of the curing sheet is rolled through a separate core material according to the form of the house during construction, and the part of the rounded curing sheet and a plurality of through holes At the same time, the ends of the ropes are tied together with Nanjing knots or hail knots, and the ropes tied to a part of the curing sheet are lifted with a crane car hook, and the curing sheet is placed above the house in the middle of the building. The sheet is gradually lowered toward the house under construction, and the curing sheet is spread by pulling the ropes that are respectively bound to a plurality of through holes to directly cover and protect almost all of the house under construction. A construction method for a building, wherein all the ropes tied to the seat are released and the periphery of the curing seat is fixed to the lower part of the house in the middle of construction or the ground nearby. The building construction method for a building according to claim 1 , wherein a windproof material, a ventilation layer, and a fire-resistant outer wall material are sequentially laminated on the outer layer of the wall panel.

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