JP4704200B2 - Ventilation equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilator that is disposed between two spaces such as an external space and an indoor space of a building and enables ventilation between the two spaces, and in particular, with a simple blade body tilting mechanism. The present invention relates to a ventilation device capable of appropriately adjusting and managing the inflow / outflow state of air.

  In high-rise buildings, the windows cannot be opened and closed in order to cope with wind gusts and the like, and the exterior wall structure is simplified, and the air conditioning equipment is always air-conditioned in an indoor space isolated from the outside. It was common. In such air conditioning equipment, air conditioning is performed indoors in an isolated state, regardless of the season, regardless of the situation where the temperature range of the outside air is appropriate, such as in the interim period, and only ventilation inside and outside is acceptable. Since the cost of air conditioning is generated, attempts have been made in recent years to reduce the cost of air conditioning by introducing external appropriate temperature air directly into the indoor space for ventilation. In order to reduce the cost as much as possible, such a mechanism for introducing outside air into the room to ventilate the room is provided with an opening in any part of the outer wall, performing predetermined opening and closing control, and leaving it to the outside from the natural wind. It was often a natural ventilation type that introduced air into the inside. As an example of a conventional natural ventilation device for performing such natural ventilation, there are those described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 10-232039 and 2001-221492.

  The conventional natural ventilator has a frame-shaped ventilator body that is provided on a window frame portion of an outer wall (curtain wall) and has an opening that allows air to pass through, and a predetermined angle range in an opening area of the ventilator body. In addition to a blade portion that can be tilted, and a dust-proof filter, a rainwater intrusion prevention mechanism, a bird net, and the like as necessary.

In these conventional natural ventilators, the blades arranged in the opening area tilt in response to the flow velocity of the external air flowing into the ventilator body, thereby changing the opening area of the flow passage in the apparatus body to The amount of air flowing into the room is adjusted. When the wind speed exceeds a preset value, the blades block the flow path to prevent excessive air inflow into the room. In addition, when ventilation is not necessary, the blades can be tilted using a motor or the like (not shown) as necessary to be in a forced closed state.
JP-A-10-232039 JP 2001-221492 A

  The conventional natural ventilation apparatus is configured as described above, and each of the conventional apparatuses shown in the above-mentioned patent documents can adjust the inflow state of external air into the room by changing the tilt angle of the blade according to the wind pressure. In a strong wind, it is possible to prevent the inflow into the room properly. In particular, the apparatus described in Patent Document 1 can suppress the inflow of air from the outside to the room when the wind is strong, and the pressure on the indoor side is more relative to the outside than the outside side of the building where the apparatus is located. If the air flow becomes higher, the air flow can be closed by the operation of another blade, and the air conditioned state is disturbed, for example, the air outflow from the room becomes excessive and an uncomfortable air flow is generated in the room. Can also be prevented. However, since the apparatus described in Patent Document 1 performs the inflow control from the outside to the room and the outflow control from the room to the outside individually by separate blade portions, the mechanism becomes complicated and large. As a result, restrictions were placed on the installation of the building, and the problem was high costs.

  Moreover, although the apparatus of the said patent document 2 has only one blade | wing part and can be made into a compact structure, adjustment of the air outflow state from the indoor side is not considered, and the pressure on the indoor side from the outside is not considered. If it becomes relatively high, the airflow from the indoor space to the outside cannot be suppressed as it is, and the blade portion is used to suppress the generation of an unpleasant airflow into the room due to the sudden air outflow to the outside. There was a problem that it was difficult to perform natural ventilation continuously, except for forced closing.

  Furthermore, in any of the conventional examples described in each of the above patent documents, the tilting central axis of the blade portion passes through the airflow passage, and ensuring airtightness between the ventilation device main body and the blade portion in the forced closed state, This shaft portion that needs to maintain the movable state becomes difficult, and there is a problem that the hermetic holding mechanism becomes complicated and expensive in order to achieve both airtightness and movable state.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can appropriately adjust the inflow / outflow state of the airflow by properly tilting the blade body that controls the inflow / outflow of the airflow into / from the space. An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilator capable of reducing the cost by simplifying the mechanism of ventilation state control and airtightness maintenance while being able to maximize the effect.

  The ventilator according to the present invention is arranged with one opening located on one space side of two spaces partitioned by a wall and another opening located on the other space side, In a ventilator comprising a ventilator body that allows air to flow between one space and the other space, and a blade body that is movably disposed within the ventilator body and adjusts the passage of air, The ventilator main body is formed in an arrangement relationship in which each of the openings has a substantially right angle with each other, and a portion excluding the openings is closed so that one opening and the other opening A box-like body is formed in which a hollow portion for accommodating a part of the blade body is formed, and the blade body is formed by integrating two substantially plate-like blade members in an arrangement relationship that is substantially perpendicular to each other. And at least the one opening is formed by one blade member. It can be tilted in an angular range from the position of closing and closing the other opening with the other blade member to the position of closing the one opening with the other blade member, and is attached to the ventilator body. In addition, when the blade body is tilted, the blade member is biased with a predetermined biasing force in a direction to hold the blade body in a state where the blade members are separated from the openings. The space between each opening is changed according to the wind pressure applied from each space, and when the wind pressure applied from the one space exceeds a certain limit, the entire blade body tilts toward the other space and the other opening opens. When the air pressure applied from the other space exceeds a certain limit, and the entire blade body can be substantially closed by the other blade member and one opening can be substantially closed by the one blade member. Tilt to one space side And it makes it possible substantially closing the one opening in the other wing member Te.

  As described above, according to the present invention, a box-shaped ventilator main body having two openings having a substantially perpendicular arrangement relationship is arranged with each opening directed to two spaces to be ventilated. In addition, the blade body in which the two blade members are integrated is disposed so that any opening can be closed, and the blade body is freely tilted between the openings in accordance with the pressure difference between the two spaces. By adjusting the ventilation state between the two spaces by changing the distance between the body and the opening, if the wind speed or pressure of air in one space exceeds the appropriate range, the blade body tilts with the wind pressure and the flow path The airframe can be almost closed, preventing both rapid inflow and outflow of air to the other space and not disturbing the proper air conditioning, but in normal conditions the blade body is based on the balance between urging force and wind speed and pressure. It is held at an appropriate opening and allows ventilation. It is possible to, on the excellent ventilation regulation performance, not from sail body shape complicated flow channel shape of the ventilator main body, can increase the process air volume of the ventilation suppressing the resistance of the flow path. Also, with respect to other openings, closing and opening can be switched by the approach and separation of one blade member of the blade body, and the tilting central axis of the blade body can be set at a location away from other openings. In addition, it is possible to provide a structure that reliably closes the other openings without any gaps while keeping a simple closing mechanism, thereby reliably preventing air leakage, and ensuring airtightness in the closed state of the openings can be realized at low cost.

  Further, in the ventilator according to the present invention, if necessary, the ventilator main body has a flat opening surface of each opening, and the one opening is set laterally and the other opening. The blades have shaft portions that coincide with the center of tilting in the vicinity of the intersecting positions of the blade members, and the shaft portions are within the one opening. The urging force that is pivotally supported by the positional relationship above the blade body gravity center position and applied to the blade body is due to the rotational moment that is generated when the blade body gravity center position shifts from just below the tilt center.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the shaft portion of the blade body is pivotally supported in an arrangement that is located in one opening and is above the center of gravity of the blade body, and the blade body tilts from the balanced state and the blade When the position of the center of gravity of the body deviates from immediately below the shaft, a rotational moment is generated around the shaft to return the blade body to its original balanced state, and the blade body is biased in a tilting direction to try to stay in the balanced state. As a result, a biasing force based on the load of the blade body itself is applied to the blade body, and the blade body can be biased without using an additional mechanism other than the blade body, and the mechanism part related to the biasing of the blade body Can be greatly simplified and the cost can be reduced.

Further, in the ventilator according to the present invention, if necessary, one or a plurality of weights that allow the blades to be tilted integrally with the shaft portion are extended to the shaft portion extending outside the ventilator body. It can be attached.
As described above, according to the present invention, the center of gravity of the blade body is moved on the blade body by changing the weight and mounting position of the weight attached to the shaft portion of the blade body, or the resistance force against the tilting of the blade body is changed. If the blade body tilts and the center of gravity position of the blade body shifts from directly below the shaft part, the magnitude of the rotational moment generated in the blade body is appropriately changed, and the blade body tilts with respect to the wind pressure applied to the blade body. It is possible to adjust the condition, the setting wind speed or pressure of the air tilting to the position where the blades close each opening can be adjusted according to the air conditioning situation and each environment condition, maximizing the ventilation performance It can be demonstrated.

Moreover, the ventilator which concerns on this invention is provided with the gradient which the bottom face in the said ventilator main body inside falls gradually toward the one space side from the said hollow part side as needed.
Thus, according to the present invention, the bottom surface portion of the ventilator main body is given a downward slope toward one space, and the water in the ventilator main body flows along the bottom surface and is discharged out of the device. Even when water that has entered the ventilator body together with external air, such as rain, enters the hollow portion from one opening, water can be discharged outside without accumulating in the device. Together with the difficulty of proceeding beyond the blades and other openings, it is possible to prevent water from reaching other spaces, and to prevent adverse effects of the water on the ventilator and others.

  Further, the ventilator according to the present invention includes a substantially plate-like stopper portion disposed in a standing state from a predetermined position on the bottom surface, which is a lower portion of one opening portion in the ventilator body, if necessary, and the stopper portion One or a plurality of drain holes for allowing water to pass from at least the hollow part side to the one space side are provided at the lowermost predetermined position.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the stopper portion is erected at the position of one opening of the ventilator body, and a part of the airflow flowing into and out of the ventilator body through the one opening portion is in a standing state. When the airflow is small, the airflow is pushed upward and pushes the blade body to promote the tilting of the blade body. However, the blade body can be tilted to the closing side, and the blade body can be reliably operated in accordance with the small air volume. In addition, a drain hole is provided in the lower part of the stopper part, and water that has entered the ventilator main body together with external air as rain or the like is allowed to flow out of the hollow part through the drain hole. Even when it enters the hollow portion beyond the stopper portion, it can flow out from the drain hole, and water can be prevented from collecting in the hollow portion or reaching the other space side.

  In addition, the ventilator according to the present invention is configured so that the hollow portion is provided at a predetermined portion adjacent to the other opening on the side of the ventilator body in the vicinity of the other opening and on the side away from the blade body. A substantially box-shaped main body extension that creates a predetermined space communicating with the upper side of the part is disposed, and the airflow that passes from the hollow part to the other space through the other opening is temporarily After entering the space in the main body extension portion, changing the direction in the main body extension portion and proceeding to return to the hollow portion, the direction is further changed to pass through another opening.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the main body extension is disposed near the other opening of the ventilator main body, and the air flow toward the other opening through the hollow portion in the ventilator main body creates a space in the main body extension. By passing the airflow immediately before reaching the other opening to the hollow portion side from the inside of the main body expansion portion, the main body expansion is performed when the other blade members of the blade body approach the other opening portions. While the airflow from the section gives downward pressure to the blade member, it changes its direction and passes through the other opening, creating resistance to tilting toward the other opening of the blade body, Can be prevented from closing rapidly, and even when the other blade member has reached close to the other opening, the tilt angle corresponding one-to-one with the airflow strength of the blade body, just like the previous tilt The blade body can be tilted with the other openings. Flip was the airflow passing can be maintained.

  The ventilator according to the present invention includes a forced tilting means for forcibly tilting the blade body to a state in which one of the openings is closed, a state allowing the free tilting of the blade body, and the blade as necessary. An operation switching means capable of switching between a state where the body is placed under the restraint of the forced tilting means, and the blade body can forcibly switch the communication / non-communication state of the two spaces in the ventilator body. To do.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the forcible tilting means for tilting the blade body and the operation switching means for switching the restraint state of the blade body are provided, and the blade body is opened by any of the forced tilting means as necessary. By forcibly tilting to the side, the forced closed state with the blades reliably closing the opening is obtained, forcing the state where the two spaces are ventilated through the ventilator and the state where no ventilation is performed through the ventilator Normally, ventilation can be performed properly, but it is possible to cope with cases where ventilation is not necessary or when it is not desired to ventilate because the air inflow from the outside becomes an air conditioning load such as in summer and winter. The situation of each space can be maintained by suppressing the flow of air between the two spaces.

Moreover, the ventilating apparatus according to the present invention is a driving apparatus in which the forced tilting means generates a driving force for tilting the blade body as required.
Thus, according to the present invention, when the driving device is used as the forced tilting means and the driving device is operated according to a predetermined operation instruction, the driving device constrains the blade body integrally through the joint mechanism, and the blade body Is forcedly tilted to the one opening side and transitions to a forced closed state in which the opening is closed with the blade body, while if the operation cancellation instruction is given to the driving device, the constraint on the driving device of the blade body is released, By returning the blade body to a freely tiltable state, it can be remotely controlled from a location away from the device, and automatically closed forcibly based on control that takes into account parameters other than wind speed and pressure such as temperature and rainfall. The operation and the cancellation thereof can be executed, and a ventilation state more suitable for the air condition in the space can be obtained.

Moreover, the ventilation apparatus which concerns on this invention arrange | positions each opening part and blade | wing body in the said ventilation apparatus main body in multiple numbers along with the blade body tilting center axis direction as needed.
Thus, according to the present invention, a plurality of openings and blades of the ventilator main body are arranged in the direction of the tilting central axis of the blade body, and the ventilator main body is elongated in the direction of increasing the opening area of the opening. In such a case, the openings and blades are divided into a plurality of arrangements, and the main parts of the device are prevented from being elongated in the axial direction, thereby making the openings and blades longer. Deterioration of workability and work accuracy due to the above will be avoided, and the positional accuracy of the blade body and the opening in the state where the blade body has tilted to reach the opening closed position will be improved and more reliable. An obstructive state is obtained.

  Hereinafter, a ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a schematic front view of a ventilator according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ventilator according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a weight to a blade body shaft portion of the ventilator according to the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the attached state, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the air inflow state into the indoor side in the ventilator according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the closed state when the air inflow into the indoor side in the ventilator according to the present embodiment. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an air outflow state to the outside in the ventilator according to the present embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an arrangement state of the ventilation device according to the present embodiment in a building.

  In each of the drawings, the ventilation device 1 according to the present embodiment positions one opening 11 on the external space 30 side of the two spaces of the external space 30 outside the building and the indoor space 40 partitioned by the outer wall, and A box-shaped ventilator main body 10 that is disposed with the other opening 12 positioned on the indoor space 40 side and that allows air to flow between the external space 30 and the indoor space 40, and inside the ventilator main body 10. A vane body 13 that is arranged in a movable state and adjusts the air passage state, and the vane body 13 is tilted with respect to the ventilator main body 10 as necessary to allow communication between the outside of the ventilator main body 10 and the indoor side. -It is a structure provided with the blade body drive device 14 as the said forced tilting means which forcibly switches a non-communication state.

  The ventilator main body 10 is an elongated box-like body that is disposed with one of the elongated rectangular openings 11 facing sideways and the other opening 12 facing upward. One end on the front side of the opening 11 is positioned closer to the outer wall 31 of the building and the other end is positioned closer to the room, and embedded in the outer wall (curtain wall) along the upper or lower side of the window frame 20. The building exterior space 30 and the indoor space 40 are communicated with each other to allow inflow of the outside air into the indoor space 40 and outflow of the indoor air into the exterior space 30. Each of the openings 11 and 12 has a planar opening surface, and the opening surfaces of the openings 11 and 12 are arranged so as to form 90 °.

  In the ventilator main body 10, a plate-shaped partition wall portion 10 a that defines the outer edge of one opening portion 11 across the opening region is integrally provided, and the partition wall portion 10 a is located beside the opening portion 11. When the opening 11 of the blade body 13 is closed, the blade body 13 overlaps. The surrounding portions of the openings 11 and 12 of the ventilator main body 10 are formed in a planar shape including the partition wall 10a. And the part between both the opening parts 11 and 12 of the ventilation apparatus main body 10 becomes the hollow part 10b isolated from external space or indoor space except for the opening parts 11 and 12, and a part of blade body 13 is a part. Always in containment.

In addition, airtight members 11a, 11b, and 12a are provided around the openings 11 and 12 so as to fill the gap between the blade body 13 and the peripheral portion of the opening and to reliably close the openings 11 and 12 by the blade body 13. Are arranged respectively.
In addition, a bird-proof / insect-proof net and a dust-proof filter are provided on the outside of the ventilator body 10 as necessary. The bottom surface of the ventilator body 10 is given a downward slope of a predetermined angle. Even when water that has entered the ventilator body 10 together with external air enters the hollow portion 10b as rain or the like, the water flows along the bottom surface. It can be flowed to the outside, and finally water can flow out. From the hollow portion 10b, it is extremely difficult for water to proceed beyond the opening 12 on the indoor side due to the positional relationship of the opening 12, and water does not reach the indoor side.

  The blade body 13 is formed of two blade members 13a and 13b formed of a substantially rectangular plate having a size smaller than the opening area cross section of the ventilator body 10 and larger than the openings 11 and 12. Are combined in a direction perpendicular to each other, and a shaft portion 13c is integrally formed in the vicinity of the intersecting portion of the blade members 13a and 13b, and the shaft portion 13c is formed above the opening surface position in the opening portion 11. Is positioned on the ventilator main body 10, with the shaft portion 13c as the tilting center position, one opening portion 11 is closed with one blade member 13a, and the other opening portion 12 is closed with another blade member 13b. It is the structure arrange | positioned so that it can tilt in the angle range of about 90 degrees from the position which closes to the position which closes the one opening part 11 with the other blade | wing member 13b. The shape of the blade body 13 is set so that the clearance between the tip of the blade members 13a and 13b and the bottom surface of the ventilator main body 10 is about 1 to 2 mm when the opening portion 11 is closed by the blade members 13a and 13b. The leakage of air in the gap is suppressed to a level with no problem. Here, the one opening portion 11 has a size excluding the area occupied by the shaft portion 13c and the partition wall portion 10a of the blade body 13 in the opening region of the ventilator body 10, and the partition wall portion 10a and the blade body. The size of the opening 11 is set by the size of the 13 shaft portions 13c.

  A flat plate-like weight 13d is integrally attached by screwing or the like below the portion of the shaft 13c of the blade body 13 that extends outside the ventilator body 10, and the weight to be attached is mounted. The urging force can be adjusted by changing the number of 13d to adjust the ease of tilting of the blade body 13, and the air passing through the ventilator main body 10 has a predetermined set wind speed (wind pressure). When reaching, the blade body 13 tilts to a position where the opening portions 11 and 12 are closed. On the other hand, when the blade body 13 is less than the set value, the blade body 13 is kept away from the opening portions 11 and 12 by the biasing force. Adjusted to be able to.

  The shaft portion 13c of the blade body 13 is pivotally supported in an arrangement that is located above the opening 11 and is always above the center of gravity of the blade body 13, so that the blade body 13 itself and the weight are supported on the blade body 13. Based on the load of 13d, a biasing force in a tilting direction is applied to stay at a position where the blade body 13 can be balanced. That is, when the blade body 13 tilts from the balance position and the position of the center of gravity of the blade body 13 deviates from directly below the shaft portion 13c, a rotational moment is generated around the shaft portion 13c to return the blade body 13 to the balance position. The blade body 13 is urged in a tilting direction to try to stay at the balanced position.

  In addition to this, a flat weight is attached to each blade member 13a, 13b of the blade body 13 by screwing or the like, and the weight and the mounting position of this weight are changed to adjust the position of the center of gravity of the blade body 13 to be biased. It is also possible to adjust the behavior of the blade body 13 with respect to the airflow indoors and outdoors by changing the balance state.

  In this way, the blade body 13 tilts according to the wind pressure applied to the blade body 13 from the external space 30 or the indoor space 40, except for the case where the blade body drive device 14 is driven to be forcedly closed in response to the operation of the blade body driving device 14. The interval between each part and each opening 11, 12 can be changed, and the inclination angle of the blade body 13 is changed by the wind pressure, so that the distance between the blade body 13 and each opening 11, 12, and When the size of the gap between the blade body 13 and the ventilator main body 10 changes and the amount of air passing through the openings 11 and 12 is adjusted, if the wind pressure applied from each space exceeds a certain limit, the blade The body 13 is close to the opening 11 or the opening 12 side and closes substantially.

  Note that the shaft portion 13c of the blade body 13 is pivotally supported on the upper portion of the opening 11, and in order to move the blade body 13 smoothly, the blade body 13 and the shaft body 13c in the vicinity of the shaft portion 13c of the ventilation device body 10 There is a slight gap between the ventilator main bodies 10, and even when the opening 11 is closed by the blade body 13, this gap remains and communicates with both the external space 30 side and the hollow part 10 b side. However, the leakage of air from here is not a problem in the case of natural ventilation.

  The blade body driving device 14 is disposed on the side of the ventilator main body 10 so as to protrude sideways, and is connected to the shaft portion 13c of the blade body 13 via the joint mechanism 15, and if necessary, the shaft portion 13c. Is rotated to tilt the blade body 13 toward the opening 12 side by a predetermined angle, and the blade body 13 is shifted to the forced closing state of the opening 12. In the non-operating state of the blade body driving device 14, the blade body 13 is not restrained, and the blade body driving device 14 allows the blade body 13 to tilt and allows the outside of the ventilation device main body 10 to be connected to the chamber. This is a mechanism that allows switching between a state in which the inside can be communicated and a state in which the ventilator body 10 is not in communication with the forced closing of the blade body 13. The blade body driving device 14 is of a known geared motor type that rotationally drives the shaft portion 13c of the blade body 13, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The joint mechanism 15 is a known mechanism serving as the operation switching means that transmits force (torque) only from the input side to the output side and does not transmit from the reverse output side to the input side. The output side is attached to the shaft portion 13c of the blade body 13, and the shaft portion 13c of the blade body 13 is integrated with the input from the blade body drive device 14 in the operating state of the blade body drive device 14. The blade body 13 can be tilted by the blade body driving device 14, while in the normal natural ventilation state where there is no input from the blade body driving device 14, the shaft portion 13 c of the blade body 13 is not restrained at all. The free rotation of the blade body 13 with respect to the blade body driving device 14, that is, the free tilting of the blade body 13 is allowed.

  Next, the operation | movement at the time of the air inflow / outflow in the ventilation apparatus based on the said structure is demonstrated. When the wind in the appropriate wind speed range is blowing outside the building and the indoor space is at a lower pressure than the outside, outside air enters from the outer end of the ventilator body 10 and the blade member 13a of the blade body 13 It advances between the inner surfaces of the ventilator main body 10 and passes through one opening 11 near the outside, and enters the hollow portion 10b. The airflow of the external air gives wind pressure to the blade body 13, but the biasing force to keep the blade body 13 in a balanced state causes the inclination to the indoor side due to the wind pressure to remain at a slight angle, and the outside air is moved to the indoor side. (See FIG. 4).

  As a result, the outside air changes its traveling direction upward under the blade body 13, passes through the other opening 12 near the room, and flows into the indoor space from the indoor side end of the ventilator body 10. Become. In an appropriate wind speed range, the tilting state of the blade body 13 also changes in accordance with the wind pressure that changes depending on the wind speed, and the spacing between the blade body 13 and the opening 12 is small and large, and the wind pressure is large. In the case where the wind speed is high, it is possible to prevent the air volume from being increased by suppressing the passage of the air through the opening 12, and the air volume is maintained at an appropriate value that is substantially constant. Become.

  Although the blade body 13 has two blade members 13a and 13b and has a large area for receiving the wind pressure, the load on the blade body 13 as a whole is relatively large, so that it is difficult to follow a minute sudden change in the wind pressure. In the tilting process, the blade body 13 is not shaken finely, and air pulsation is not generated to cause an unpleasant situation in the indoor space. Further, in a situation where the blade body 13 is tilted slightly, the flow path shape is not so complicated due to the positional relationship between the shape of the blade body 13 and the inner surface of the ventilator body 10, and the resistance of the flow path can be suppressed. The air volume can be increased.

  When the wind speed of the wind blowing outside the building increases and exceeds the appropriate wind speed range, the outside air that has entered the ventilator body 10 toward the indoor side vigorously passes under the outer blade member 13a of the blade body. Then, it passes through the outer opening portion 11 and enters the hollow portion 10b. At this time, since the wind pressure of the external air is increased, the pressure pushing the blade body 13 overcomes the urging force, and the blade body 13 Is greatly tilted toward the interior of the room, and the one blade member 13a side end abuts against the airtight material 11a of the partition wall 10a, and the other blade member 13b abuts against the airtight material 12a around the opening 12 near the room. The openings 11 and 12 are almost closed (see FIG. 5).

  Since the openings 11 and 12 are almost closed by the blade body 13 in this way, the progress of the outside air toward the indoor side can be suppressed, and a situation where a strong air flow is blown into the room can be prevented. At this time, since the blade body 13 is not strongly pressed against the airtight materials 11a and 12a around the openings 11 and 12 by a mechanical driving force, there is a slight gap between the blade body 13 and the airtight materials 11a and 12a. Although there may be a slight leakage of outside air from the gap to the indoor side, the amount of leakage and the flow velocity are extremely small, and this leakage affects the air conditioning of the indoor space. There is no. In addition, a slight gap for smoothly moving the blade body 13 exists in the vicinity of the shaft portion 13c of the shaft portion 13c of the blade body 13 of the ventilator body 10, but the blade member 13b of the blade body 13 is present. Since the gap remaining between the blade member 13b and the airtight member 12a when closing the opening 12 is smaller, the gap in the vicinity of the shaft support portion does not cause a problem.

  On the other hand, when the wind blows outside the building but the pressure on the indoor space is higher than the outside, such as when the outside facing the ventilation device 1 is the leeward side, the indoor side end of the ventilation device body 10 The room air enters from the room, passes through the opening 12 closer to the room, and enters the hollow part 10b. The air flow of the room air gives the wind pressure to the blade body 13, but, as in the case where the air flows from the outside into the room, the urging force tries to keep the blade body 13 in a balanced state. It stays at a certain angle and does not prevent the indoor air from traveling outward (see FIG. 6). The air passes under the blades 13 and passes through the opening 11 closer to the outside, and flows out from the outer end of the ventilator main body 10 to the outside.

  When the external pressure is significantly lower than in the indoor space, such as when the wind becomes stronger in the same situation, and the pressure difference exceeds an appropriate internal / external pressure difference, the indoor space The air passes through the opening 12 closer to the room and enters the hollow portion 10b. At this time, since the wind pressure of the room air is large, the pressure pushing the blade body 13 overcomes the urging force, and the blade body 13 The one blade member 13a is largely tilted toward the outside and comes into contact with the airtight member 11c disposed on the inner surface of the ventilator main body 10 on the upper front side of the opening 11, and the other blade member 13b side end is the partition wall portion 10a. Abutting on the airtight material 11b, the opening 11 is almost closed by the blade body 13 (see FIG. 7). Thus, the opening 11 is blocked by the blade body 13, so that the progress of the indoor air to the outside is suppressed, the generation of a strong air flow into the room accompanying the outflow of the indoor air to the outside is eliminated, and the indoor air The air condition is not disturbed.

  In this case, since the blade body 13 is not strongly pressed against the airtight materials 11b and 11c around the opening 11 by a mechanical driving force, a slight gap remains between the blade body 13 and the airtight materials 11b and 11c. A slight gap is also formed between the lower end of the blade member 13b and the bottom surface of the ventilator body 10. There may be a slight leakage of room air from the gap to the outside, but the amount of leakage and the flow velocity are extremely small, and this leakage does not affect the air conditioning of the indoor space. . This also applies to a slight gap generated in the vicinity of the shaft portion 13c of the blade body 13 in the ventilator main body 10, and there is almost no influence of air leakage.

  In addition, when there is no need for ventilation or when it is not desired to perform ventilation because the air inflow from the outside becomes an air-conditioning load such as summer or winter, the blade body driving device 14 is operated by a predetermined operation, and the joint The blade body 13 is forcibly tilted closer to the room while the blade body 13 is integrally restrained to the blade body driving device 14 via the mechanism 15. The blade body 13 is tilted by the drive of the blade body driving device 14, and one blade member 13a is strongly pressed against the airtight material 11a of the partition wall portion 10a, and the other blade member 13b is strongly pressed against the airtight material 12a around the opening portion 12. As a result, the blades 13 are in a forcibly closed state in which the openings 11 and 12 are reliably closed. In this forcibly closed state, the blade member 13b completely covers the opening 12 on the indoor side without any tilting shaft or the like and can be closed without any gaps, and there is no leakage or the like. It will be in the state where progress to the exterior side of room air was suppressed.

  Then, if an instruction to release the operation of the blade body driving device 14 is given, the restriction of the blade body 13 to the blade body driving device 14 by the joint mechanism 15 of the blade body 13 is released, and the blade body 13 returns to a freely tiltable state. The blade body 13 is separated from the openings 11 and 12 by the urging force accompanying its own weight, and at the same time, the openings 11 and 12 are opened to obtain a state in which ventilation is possible again.

  Although omitted in the description of the operation, the indoor space 40 and other indoor spaces or external spaces have the same configuration as that of the ventilator 1 at a predetermined place different from the place where the ventilator 1 is installed in the building. There are one or more other ventilators that control the air flow between the ventilator 30 and the air vents 1 as a result from the external space 30 to the indoor space 40 while individually performing operations according to the wind pressure. When the ventilator 1 causes the air to flow out from the indoor space 30, and when the ventilator 1 causes the air to flow out from the indoor space 40 to the external space 30, the other ventilator On the contrary, a ventilation operation is performed in conjunction with the ventilation device 1 such as inflowing air into the indoor space 40, and the natural ventilation based on the natural wind can be reliably performed on the indoor space 30 to be ventilated as a whole ventilation device. It has become.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when there is one indoor space 40 in a building and a plurality of ventilation devices 1 and 2 are installed on two opposing outer walls of the building, natural wind in the external space 30 In the ventilation device 1 provided on the outer wall on the windward side, the external air has a large wind pressure, and the external air flows from the external space 30 into the indoor space 40 while tilting the blade body 13 toward the indoor space 40 (see FIG. 4). ). On the other hand, at the same time, in the other ventilation device 2 provided on the outer wall on the leeward side, the wind pressure of the indoor air is relatively increased as the pressure of the external space 30 is lowered on the leeward side, and the blades The indoor air flows out from the indoor space 40 to the external space 30 while tilting the body 13 toward the external space 30 (see FIG. 6), and thus ventilation between the room and the outside based on natural wind is realized. If the natural wind becomes a strong wind exceeding the specified limit, in the ventilator on the windward side, the blade body tilted by the wind pressure closes the opening hole closer to the room (see FIG. 5), and the leeward side In the above ventilator, the blade body tilted by the wind pressure closes the opening hole close to the outside so as to be closed (see FIG. 7), and prevents sudden inflow and outflow of air in the indoor space 40.

  As described above, in the ventilator according to the present embodiment, the box-shaped ventilator main body 10 having the two openings 11 and 12 in a substantially perpendicular arrangement relationship is provided in two spaces to be ventilated. The openings 11 and 12 are arranged facing each other, and the blade body 13 in which the two blade members 13a and 13b are integrated is arranged so that any of the openings 11 and 12 can be closed. 13 is freely tilted according to the pressure difference between the two spaces in the ventilator body 10 and the ventilation state between the two spaces is adjusted by changing the distance between the blade body 13 and the openings 11 and 12. When the wind speed or pressure of the air in the space exceeds the appropriate range, the blade body 13 is tilted by the wind pressure so that the flow path can be closed, and both rapid inflow and outflow of air to the other space are prevented and appropriate. While not disturbing the air conditioning situation, State can sail body 13 is held in a suitable opening state to permit ventilation state based on the balance between the urging force and the wind speed and pressure, the excellent ventilation regulation performance while simple structure. In addition, the opening and closing of the blade body 13 can be switched between closing and opening with respect to the opening 12 on the indoor side by the approach and separation of the blade member 13b. Since it can be set, the opening 12 can be closed without any gaps while having a simple closing mechanism to reliably prevent air leakage, and airtightness in the opening closed state can be ensured at low cost.

  In the ventilator according to the embodiment, the blade body 13 is driven to the forcibly closed state by using the blade body driving device 14 as the forced tilting means. A manual operation mechanism can be provided as a means for forcibly tilting the blade so that the operator can tilt the blade body 13 by manual operation. The mechanism for forcibly closing the blade body 13 can be greatly increased. Simplify and reduce costs.

  In the ventilator according to the above-described embodiment, when the shape of the blade body 13 and the shaft support position, the arrangement position of the weight 13d, etc. are devised and the blade body 13 is tilted, the center of gravity shifts from just below the shaft portion 13c. By using the fact that a rotational moment is generated around the shaft portion 13c, a biasing force that keeps the blade body 13 in a balanced state separated from the openings 11 and 12 is generated. As a means for generating the above, a structure using a spring or the like may be used. Further, the blade body 13 is configured to be tiltably supported by being pivotally supported by the shaft portion 13c. In addition, for example, a side end portion of the blade body 13 is provided on the side of the ventilator main body 10. It is also possible to obtain a configuration in which the blade body 13 can be tilted by being slidably supported while partially fitting in the arc-shaped groove.

  In the ventilator according to the embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the device parallel to the tilt axis of the blade body 13 is set sideways, and is embedded in the wall along the upper or lower side of the window frame 20. Not limited to this, when a mechanism such as a spring that does not use gravity is used as a means for generating a biasing force that keeps the blade body 13 in a balanced state separated from the openings 11 and 12, the longitudinal direction of the device is It can also be configured to be arranged as a part of the window vertical frame or embedded in the outer wall next to the window frame, and occupies a large space especially when it is a part of the window vertical frame. It can be arranged compactly, and a clean and harmonious appearance with surrounding windows and outer walls can be obtained.

  In the ventilator according to the above-described embodiment, a pair of weights 13d is provided as a protruding state downward from the shaft portion 13c of the blade body 13, and the center of gravity position of the entire tiltable portion can be determined by the weight of the weight 13d. 13 is configured so that it can be moved from the position of the single center of gravity, and the magnitude of the urging force that keeps the blade body 13 in a balanced state separated from the openings 11 and 12 can be adjusted. A plurality of weights are attached, and the arrangement is symmetrical with respect to the axial center so that the center of gravity of the entire tiltable portion does not move from the center of gravity of the blade 13 alone, and the rotational moment when the blade 13 tilts changes. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the degree of generation of the urging force is changed, and the blade body 13 tilting operation such as the degree of follow-up with respect to the change in airflow can be further changed.

  Further, in the ventilation device according to the embodiment, it is configured to be installed inside the outer wall and used for ventilation between the external space 30 and the indoor space 40 of the building, but is not limited thereto, and is surrounded by a room facing the outside. In response to the case where one or more rooms are adjacent to each other with a wall that does not face the outside facing each other, a ventilation device is provided on the wall between these indoor spaces, When a pressure difference within an appropriate range is generated between the two indoor spaces, ventilation is realized as in the above embodiment.

  In the ventilator according to the embodiment, the openings 11 and 12 and the blades 13 of the ventilator main body 10 are arranged one by one. However, the present invention is not limited to this, as shown in FIG. A plurality of openings 11 and blades 13 of the ventilator main body 10 may be arranged in the direction of the tilting central axis of the blades 13, and the ventilator main body 10 includes the tilting central axis direction of the blades 13. When the shape is elongated in the direction of increasing the opening area of the opening hole, the opening 11 and the blade body 13 must be elongated one by one. While problems such as deterioration and deterioration of work accuracy occur, by arranging a plurality of such openings 11 and blades 13 side by side, even when the ventilator main body 10 becomes long, it is one. Each opening 11 and blade 13 Each of the blades in a state where the blade body 13 tilts and reaches the closed position of the opening portion 11 can be avoided because the length of the opening portion 11 and the blade body 13 can be avoided. The mutual positional accuracy of the body 13 and the opening 11 is increased, and a more reliable closed state is obtained.

  In the ventilator according to the embodiment, the partition wall 10a is provided only on the side of the opening 11, but this is not limiting, and as shown in FIG. 10, the ventilator at the position of the opening 18 is provided. A stopper portion 16c that protrudes from the bottom surface of the main body 16 and forms a part of the partition wall portion 16a is disposed, and airtight members 18a and 18b are disposed on both front and back surfaces, while each blade of the blade body 17 is associated with the stopper portion 16c. The length of the members 17a and 17b can be shortened, the degree of obstruction of the opening 18 by the blade body 17 can be increased, and the airflow entering the ventilator main body 16 through the openings 18 and 19 in the open state. A part of the airflow impinges on the stopper portion 16c to change the direction upward and proceeds toward the blade member on the front side in the airflow traveling direction of the blade body 17, so that the upward airflow pushes the blade body 17 and the blade body 7 tilting of becomes possible Unagaseru, be appropriate controllable ventilation state by securely perform the tilting operation of the blade body 17, even if the air volume is small. When the stopper portion 16c is provided, a water drainage hole 16d is disposed below the stopper portion 16c, so that water that has entered the ventilator main body 16 together with external air as rain or the like passes through the stopper portion 16c and enters the hollow portion 16b. When it enters, it can flow out to the outside through this drain hole 16d, and water can be prevented from accumulating in the hollow portion 16b or reaching the other space side.

  Furthermore, in the ventilator according to the embodiment, the ventilator body 10 is formed in a substantially box shape that does not have a complicated shape except for the openings 11 and 12, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is shown in FIG. As described above, the substantially box-shaped main body extension 50a is disposed in the vicinity of the other opening 52 of the ventilator main body 50 so that a space extending upward from the hollow portion 50b is generated on the side of the opening 52. You can also. In the configuration of the embodiment, when the strength of the airflow reaches a predetermined value in a state where the blade body 13 is close to the other opening portion 12 to some extent, between the other blade member 13b of the blade body 13 and the other opening portion 12. Despite the fact that there is still a gap, the blade body 13 tends to tilt toward the other opening portion 12 due to the momentum of the air flow toward the other opening portion 12, and the blade body 13 tilts rapidly without maintaining its angle. Then, the other opening 12 is closed, and the airflow passage state tends to be not obtained. However, by providing the main body extension 50a, the airflow toward the other opening 52 is hollow. Since the air flow in the direction returning from the main body expansion portion 50a to the hollow portion 50b is generated from the portion 50b once through the space in the main body expansion portion 50a to the other opening 52, the other blades of the blade body 53 are generated. With the member 53b approaching the other opening 52 The airflow from the main body expansion portion 50a changes its direction while applying downward pressure to the blade member 53b and enters into the other opening 52, and resists against tilting toward the other opening 52 side of the blade body 53. To prevent the other opening 52 from being rapidly closed by the blade body 53, and even when the other blade member 53b reaches the vicinity of the other opening 52, the blade body 53 is tilted in the same manner as the previous tilting. The blade body 53 is tilted at a tilt angle corresponding to the strength of the airflow in a one-to-one relationship, and the passage of airflow according to the degree of opening in the other openings 52 can be maintained.

It is a front schematic diagram of a ventilator concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the ventilation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is weight attachment state explanatory drawing to the blade body axial part of the ventilator which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the air inflow state to the indoor side in the ventilation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a closed state explanatory view at the time of the air inflow to the room side in the ventilator concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is an air outflow state explanatory view to the outside in a ventilator concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a closed state explanatory view at the time of the air outflow to the exterior side in the ventilator concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is arrangement | positioning explanatory drawing in the building of the ventilation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is opening part division | segmentation arrangement | positioning explanatory drawing in the ventilation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the 1st example of the ventilator which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the 2nd example of the ventilation apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2, Ventilator 10, 16, 50 Ventilator body 10a, 16a Partition 10b, 16b, 50b Hollow 11, 12, 18, 19 Open 11a, 11b, 12a Airtight material 13, 17, 53 Blade 13a, 13b, 53b Blade member 13c Shaft portion 13d Weight 14 Blade body drive device 15 Joint mechanism 16c Stopper portion 16d Drain hole 17a, 17b Blade member 20 Window frame 30 External space 31 Outer wall surface 40 Indoor space 41 Indoor wall surface 50a Main body extension 52 Aperture

Claims (9)

One opening is positioned on one space side of the two spaces partitioned by the wall, and the other opening is positioned on the other space side, and the one space and the other space are arranged. In a ventilator comprising a ventilator body that allows air to flow between, and a blade body that is movably disposed inside the ventilator body and adjusts the air passage state,
The ventilator main body is formed in an arrangement relationship in which each of the openings has a substantially right angle with each other, and a portion excluding the openings is closed so that one opening and the other opening It is a box-shaped body that generates a hollow part that accommodates a part of the blade body in between,
The blade body is formed by integrating two substantially plate-like blade members in an arrangement relationship that is substantially perpendicular to each other, and at least one opening member is closed by one blade member and the other opening portion is closed by the other. Can be tilted in an angular range from a position closed by the other blade member to a position where one opening is closed by the other blade member, and is attached to the ventilator main body. The blade body is biased with a predetermined biasing force in a direction to hold the blade body in a state where the blade member is separated from each opening,
The blade body changes the interval with each opening according to the wind pressure applied from each space, and when the wind pressure applied from the one space exceeds a certain limit, the entire blade body tilts toward the other space side. When the other opening can be substantially closed by the other blade member and one opening can be substantially closed by the one blade member, and the wind pressure applied from the other space exceeds a certain limit. The ventilator is characterized in that the entire blade body is tilted toward one space side so that one opening can be substantially closed by the other blade member. The ventilator according to claim 1, wherein
The ventilator main body is arranged in such a manner that the opening surface of each opening is flat, and the one opening is on the side and the other opening is on the upper side.
The blade body has a shaft portion that coincides with the center of tilting in the vicinity of the intersecting position of the blade members, and the shaft portion is pivotally supported in a positional relationship in which the shaft portion is located above the blade body gravity center position in the one opening. And
The ventilating device according to claim 1, wherein the urging force applied to the blade body is caused by a rotational moment generated when the blade body centroid position shifts from just below the tilt center. The ventilator according to claim 2, wherein
The ventilator is characterized in that one or a plurality of weights that can be tilted integrally with the shaft portion are attached to a shaft portion that extends to the outside of the ventilation device main body. In the ventilator according to claim 2 or 3,
The ventilator is characterized in that the bottom surface inside the ventilator body is given a gradient that gradually decreases from the hollow part side toward one space side. The ventilator according to claim 4, wherein
A substantially plate-like stopper portion disposed in a standing state from a predetermined position on the bottom surface which is a lower portion of the one opening portion in the ventilator body,
One or a plurality of drain holes for allowing water to pass from at least the hollow part side to one space side are provided at a lowermost predetermined position of the stopper part. The ventilator according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
A substantially box that creates a predetermined space communicating with the upper side of the hollow portion at a predetermined portion adjacent to the other opening on the side of the ventilator main body in the vicinity of the other opening and away from the blade body. In the shape of a body extension,
The airflow that passes through the other opening from the hollow portion toward the other space once enters the space in the main body expansion portion from the hollow portion, changes the direction in the main body expansion portion, and returns to the hollow portion. After moving forward, the ventilator is characterized in that it changes direction and passes through other openings. The ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Forcibly tilting means for forcibly tilting the blades to a state of closing any one of the openings;
An operation switching means capable of switching between a state in which the blade body is allowed to freely tilt and a state in which the blade body is placed under the constraint of the forced tilting means;
A ventilator characterized in that it is possible to forcibly switch the communication / non-communication state of the two spaces in the ventilator body with the blades. The ventilator according to claim 7, wherein
The ventilation device, wherein the forced tilting means is a driving device that generates a driving force for tilting the blade body. The ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A plurality of openings and blades in the ventilation device main body are arranged side by side in the direction of the blade body tilting central axis.

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