JP4703580B2 - Wave protection structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wave protection structure, and more particularly to a wave protection structure for protecting facilities and the like provided in coastal areas from waves such as tsunami and storm surge.

  Conventionally, as a wave protection structure, a concrete embankment is generally constructed. There are also attempts to defend against tsunamis at a revetment that combines a wave-dissipating block and a breakwater. Furthermore, there are cases where the location where the tsunami arrives is limited in advance, the ground is raised to a safe height even when the tsunami arrives, and an important facility such as an oil tank or a factory plant is constructed thereon.

In addition, as described in Patent Document 1, a method of placing a steel material such as a steel sheet pile as a vertical wall has been proposed.
JP 59-61605 A

  In the conventional method of constructing a dike or breakwater as described above, enormous time and work site are required to secure a site for construction.

  Moreover, in the method of placing the steel sheet pile as a vertical wall as described above, it is necessary to increase the steel material strength of the sheet pile when sufficiently protecting from tsunami, storm surge and tsunami generated by the tsunami. . In order to increase the strength of the steel material, for example, the thickness of the steel material must be increased. As a result, the weight of the steel material increases and the working efficiency decreases.

  This invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned subject, and it aims at providing a wave protection structure which can absorb energy, such as a wave, efficiently, without making steel material weight etc. excessively large. To do.

  In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is a wave protection structure installed on a foundation ground, and is driven into the foundation ground at a predetermined interval, and has a plurality of columnar shapes standing in a vertical direction. A body, a wall body that is installed so as to block each of adjacent columnar bodies, and a buffer material that is installed so as to cover at least a surface that receives waves among the outer surfaces of the wall body. The wall body is constructed by stacking up and down, is composed of a plurality of horizontal members having a substantially constant cross section extending in the horizontal direction, the cushioning material is composed of a sheet body covering the surface of the horizontal member, and the columnar body has a columnar body flange portion. It is made of H-shaped steel installed in parallel with the direction of the wall body, and the horizontal member is made of groove-shaped steel so that the horizontal member flange portion is in the vertical and horizontal direction, and the web portion is on the rear side of the columnar body. Abuts against the inner surface of the columnar body flange It is intended to be disposed as such.

  If comprised in this way, when the force by a wave and a drifting substance will be added, the force will be reduced and it will be transmitted to a wall body and a columnar body. Further, the wall body and the buffer material are integrated. Further, the front part of the connecting portion between the columnar body and the wall body is covered with a columnar body flange on the front side of the H-shaped steel.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a wave protection structure installed on the foundation ground, and is driven into the foundation ground at a predetermined interval, and a plurality of columnar bodies standing upright in the vertical direction are adjacent to each other. A wall body installed so as to block between each of the columnar bodies, and a cushioning material installed so as to cover at least the wave receiving surface of the outer surface of the wall body, and the wall bodies are stacked up and down It is composed of a plurality of horizontal members having a substantially constant cross section extending in the horizontal direction, and the cushioning material is composed of a sheet body covering the surface of the horizontal member, and is a part constituting the sheet body, which At the part which each touches, at least one protrusion body extending in the horizontal direction is formed.

  If comprised in this way, when the force by a wave and a drifting substance will be added, the force will be reduced and it will be transmitted to a wall body and a columnar body. Further, the wall body and the buffer material are integrated. Furthermore, the water between the adjacent horizontal members is stopped by the protrusions formed on the sheet body.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first or second aspect of the present invention, a water stop material is further provided between each of the columnar bodies and the wall body.

  If comprised in this way, permeation of seawater etc. will be prevented from between a columnar body and a wall.

  As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the force caused by the tsunami and the drifting material is reduced and transmitted to the columnar body, the strength of the columnar body and the wall body can be set low. Further, since the wall body and the cushioning material are integrated, the installation work of the wall body is simplified. Furthermore, since the front of the connecting part between the columnar body and the wall is covered by the columnar body flange on the front side of the H-shaped steel, impacts such as waves are not directly applied to the connecting part, improving reliability during installation. To do.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the force caused by the tsunami and the drifting material is reduced and transmitted to the columnar body, the strength of the columnar body and the wall body can be set low. Further, since the wall body and the cushioning material are integrated, the installation work of the wall body is simplified. Furthermore, since the water between the adjacent horizontal members is stopped by the protrusions, the working efficiency is improved as compared with a case where a separate water blocking material is inserted between the horizontal members.

  In addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 or 2, the invention described in claim 3 is a more effective wave protection structure because the intrusion of seawater or the like to the rear is prevented.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an installation state of a wave protection structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

  With reference to the figure, the wave protection structure 21 is installed so as to surround the oil tank 24a and the oil tank 24b installed on the concrete base 23. The oil tank 24a and the oil tank 24b are protected from changes in the sea surface 25 caused by tsunamis, storm surges, and the like.

  2 is a front view showing the external shape of the wave protection structure shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an IV shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of -IV line.

  Referring to these drawings, the wave protection structure 21 covers the columnar bodies 28a to 28c that are driven in the vertical direction at a predetermined interval on the foundation ground 27 via the concrete base 23, and the space between them. The wall body 29a and the wall body 29b are attached in this manner. In this embodiment, the columnar body 28 uses H-shaped steel, and the wall body 29 is constituted by a plate material 54 made of a steel plate having a size covering almost the entire space between the adjacent columnar bodies 28. ing.

  FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the “A” portion shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the “B” portion shown in FIG.

  With reference to these drawings, a cushioning material 55 made of a rubber sheet (CR) or the like is disposed on the entire front surface of the plate material 54. That is, when a wave such as a tsunami is received, the impact is reduced and transmitted to the plate material 54, and a buffering effect is exhibited. A presser plate 56 made of an elongated sheet-like steel material extending in the vertical direction is disposed on the outer surface of the location corresponding to the flange portion 53 of the cushioning material 55. The plate material 54 and the cushioning material 55 are sandwiched between the flange portion 53 and the pressing plate 56, and are fixed to the columnar body 28b by bolts 57a and nuts 58a. Note that the cushioning material 55 is not attached to the plate material 54 and is detachably attached. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the bolts 57b and the nuts 58b are arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and are attached so as to surely exhibit the fixing strength of the plate material 54 with respect to the columnar body 28.

  With this configuration, the force applied to the buffer material 55 due to waves or the like is reduced by the buffer effect and transmitted to the plate material 54 and the columnar body 28. As a result, energy such as waves can be efficiently absorbed without excessively increasing the weight of the steel material or the like of the plate material 54 constituting the columnar body 28 and the wall body 29. In addition, since the cushioning material 55 is configured to be detachable as described above, the thickness of the cushioning material 55 corresponding to the size of the expected tsunami or the drifting material due to the tsunami or the like can be selected. Since only the damaged cushioning material 55 can be replaced individually, a rational structure is obtained.

  Here, an experimental example for explaining the buffer effect of the buffer material 55 is shown below.

  In the experiment, a buffer material made of a plurality of rubber sheets (CR) having different thicknesses is arranged on the surface of a steel material made of an iron plate (hereinafter referred to as “impact steel material”), and a steel material having a mass of 300 kg (hereinafter “ This is done by colliding "impact steel" with several kinds of collision speeds. The following table shows the results of this experiment.

表にあっては、横軸に衝突鋼材の衝突速度を採り、縦軸に被衝突鋼材が受ける衝撃力を採っている。被衝突鋼材に対しては、ゴムシートを配置していないものと、ゴムシートの厚さを２ｍｍ、１０ｍｍ、２０ｍｍ、４０ｍｍとしたものをそれぞれ配置し、計５種類の被衝突物とした。この５種類の対象物に衝突物である衝突鋼材の衝突速度を変えて、その衝撃力を測定した。

In the table, the horizontal axis represents the impact speed of the impact steel material, and the vertical axis represents the impact force received by the impacted steel material. With respect to the steel material to be collided, those having no rubber sheet and those having a rubber sheet thickness of 2 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm, and 40 mm were arranged, respectively, to obtain a total of five types of colliding objects. The impact force was measured by changing the collision speed of the collision steel material as the collision object to these five types of objects.

  According to this experimental result, it is found that when the thickness of the rubber sheet is 2 mm, the buffering effect is exhibited, but when the thickness is 10 mm or more, the buffering effect does not change so much.

  From the above experimental results and because the waves and drifting material directly collide with the buffer material 55, the thickness of the buffer material 55 is preferably 10 mm or more.

  FIG. 7 is a front view showing the external shape of the wave protection structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to FIG. 2 according to the first embodiment. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 10 is a portion “C” shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion “D” shown in FIG.

  Referring to these drawings, the shape and the like of the columnar body 28 constituting the wave protection structure 21 are basically the same as those in the first embodiment. That is, the columnar body 28 is made of H-shaped steel, is driven into the foundation ground 27 via the concrete base 23 at a predetermined interval, and is installed vertically. The columnar body 28b is installed so that the (columnar body) flange portion 32a and the flange portion 32b are parallel to the arrangement direction of the wall body 29a and the wall body 29b.

  On the other hand, the structure of the wall 29 is greatly different from that of the first embodiment. That is, the wall body 29 is configured by arranging grooved steel in the horizontal direction as horizontal members 31 and stacking them vertically. The parts constituting the horizontal member 31b include a vertical part (web) 38b extending in the vertical direction, an upper horizontal part (flange part) 41b connected to the upper end of the vertical part (web) 38b and extending in the horizontal direction, and a vertical part 38b. It is comprised from the lower horizontal part (flange part) 42b connected to a lower end and extended in a horizontal direction.

  A horizontal member 31x in which the same shape groove steel is arranged in the same direction is disposed above the horizontal member 31b, and a horizontal member 31y in which the same shape groove steel is disposed in the same direction is disposed below the horizontal member 31b. Yes. In this embodiment, a sheet body 50 made of rubber (CR) having a thickness of 2 mm is provided on the entire surface of each horizontal member 31 (however, the surface on which waves or the like directly collide has a thickness of 10 mm). The wall 29 is attached and covered as a cushioning material. As a result, the front side of the wall body 29 exhibits a cushioning effect and a rust prevention effect.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the sheet body 50b attached to the upper surface of the upper horizontal portion 41b of the horizontal member 31b has a trapezoidal cross section extending in the horizontal direction along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member 31. The protrusion body 51b is integrally formed. On the other hand, a similar protrusion 51x is formed in the horizontal direction on the sheet 50x that covers the lower surface of the lower horizontal portion 42x of the horizontal member 31x located above the horizontal member 31b. Accordingly, when the horizontal member 31x is arranged on the horizontal member 31b and these are connected via the taper washer by the bolt 39x and the nut 40b, the protrusion 51b becomes the sheet 50x and the protrusion 51x becomes the sheet 50b. It will be in a contact state. As a result, a water stop effect is exhibited in the gap between the horizontal member 31b and the horizontal member 31x. The protrusions 51b and the protrusions 51x may be formed by adhering to the sheet member 50b and the sheet member 50x with an adhesive. In this case, an elastic material such as a rubber sheet (CR) may be used as the material of the ridge body, similarly to the sheet body.

  In FIG. 10, each of the horizontal member 31a and the horizontal member 31b arranged in the horizontal direction has an inner surface of the flange portion 32a of the columnar body 28b via each of the water-stopping material 34a and the water-stopping material 34b arranged in the vertical direction. It is installed so as to be in contact with the inner surface of the flange portion 32b. In addition, each of the water stop material 34a and the water stop material 34b is arrange | positioned up and down so that it may contact | abut to all the back surfaces of each wall 29. That is, each of the water-stopping material 34a and the water-stopping material 34b is arranged substantially along the range where the columnar body 28 protrudes on the ground. This prevents seawater and the like from advancing backward through the gap between the horizontal member 31 and the inner surface of the flange portion 32 of the columnar body 28.

  FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic shape of the water blocking material 34 illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 12.

  Referring to the figure, the water stop material 34 is made of an elastic material such as rubber (CR), and is integrally connected to the belt-like sheet portion 45 along both side edges of the sheet portion 45. It is composed of a pair of protrusions 46a and 46b having a circular cross section having a larger diameter H. Since the water blocking material 44 has such a cross-sectional shape, the upper and lower portions of the protrusions 46 a and 46 b in the figure cover the inner surface of the flange portion 32 and the vertical portion 38 of the horizontal member 31. It will contact | abut with the back surface of the material 50, and the water stop effect is exhibited.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the columnar body and the wall body are configured by using a steel material having a specific shape. However, a steel material having another shape may be used, or another material such as a concrete block may be used. The present invention can be similarly applied to those configured by using.

  In the first embodiment, the cushioning material is detachably attached to the plate material. However, the cushioning material may be attached to the plate material. Alternatively, a locking member made of steel or the like may be integrated on the back surface of the buffer material by bonding or the like, and the buffer material may be attached to the plate material via the locking member.

  Further, in the first embodiment described above, a flat plate material having a smooth surface is used as the wall body. However, instead of this, a plate material having an uneven surface may be used. Such a curved plate material may be used. In this case, the cushioning material may have a shape along the plate material, or may be a simple flat sheet shape.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment described above, the plate member that becomes the wall body is attached in a state of being in contact with the flange portion of the columnar body, but the water blocking material as shown in the second embodiment is interposed. If it is attached to a columnar body, a water stop effect is further produced.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment described above, the wall body is attached to the front flange portion of the columnar body, but may be attached to the inner surface of the rear flange portion.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment described above, the wall body is formed of a single steel plate, but the wall body may be formed by attaching a plurality of steel plates.

  Furthermore, in said 2nd Embodiment, although water is stopped between horizontal members using a protrusion, you may comprise so that horizontal members may contact directly, without using these.

  Furthermore, in said 2nd Embodiment, although the wall body is attached to the inner surface of the flange part of the rear side of the H-shaped steel which comprises a columnar body, you may attach a wall body to the outer surface of the flange of the front side. .

  Furthermore, in the second embodiment described above, the sheet body serving as a cushioning material is attached to the entire surface of the horizontal member. However, the sheet body may be attached so as to cover at least the front surface that receives waves.

  Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the water stop material is installed between the horizontal member and the columnar body, but this water stop material may not be provided.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, CR rubber is used as the buffer material 55 and the sheet body 50, but other rubbers such as EPT and natural rubber may be used, or a buffer effect other than rubber may be obtained. A material may be used. Moreover, you may mix | blend recycled materials (rubber chip, glass scraps, etc.) with a buffer material as an extender. Then, an elastic material such as rubber (CR) is used as the water stop material 34, but other rubber such as EPT or natural rubber may be used, or any material other than rubber that exhibits a water stop effect. good.

  Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the waterstop material has a specific cross-sectional shape, but may have other cross-sectional shapes.

  Furthermore, in said 2nd Embodiment, although the groove type steel of the same cross section is used as a horizontal member, you may use other steels and other steel materials with substantially the same cross section.

It is the schematic perspective view which showed the installation state of the wave protection structure by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the front view which showed the external appearance shape of the wave protection structure shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the III-III line shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the IV-IV line shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion “A” shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a “B” portion shown in FIG. 4. It is the front view which showed the external appearance shape of the wave protection structure by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the VIII-VIII line shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the IX-IX line shown in FIG. FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a “C” portion shown in FIG. 12. FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of a “D” portion shown in FIG. 13. It is sectional drawing which showed schematic shape of the water stop material used for the wave protection structure by 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 ... Wave protection structure 28 ... Columnar body 29 ... Wall body 31 ... Horizontal member 32, 53 ... Flange part 34 ... Water stop material 38 ... Vertical part 41 ... Upper horizontal part 42 ... Lower horizontal part 50 ... Sheet body 51 ... Projection Strip 54 ... Plate material 55 ... Buffer material In each figure, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (3)

A wave protection structure installed on the foundation ground,
A plurality of columnar bodies that are driven into the foundation ground at a predetermined interval and are erected in a vertical direction;
Among the columnar bodies, wall bodies installed so as to block between adjacent columnar bodies; and
A buffer material installed so as to cover at least a surface that receives waves among the outer surface of the wall body,
The wall body is configured by stacking up and down, and is composed of a plurality of horizontal members having a substantially constant cross section extending in the horizontal direction,
The cushioning material comprises a sheet body covering the surface of the horizontal member,
The columnar body is made of H-shaped steel in which the columnar body flange portion is installed in parallel to the arrangement direction of the wall body,
The horizontal member is made of channel steel arranged so that the horizontal member flange portion is in the horizontal direction, and the web portion is arranged so as to contact the inner surface of the columnar flange portion on the rear side of the columnar body. Wave protection structure. A wave protection structure installed on the foundation ground,
A plurality of columnar bodies that are driven into the foundation ground at a predetermined interval and are erected in a vertical direction;
Among the columnar bodies, wall bodies installed so as to block between adjacent columnar bodies; and
A buffer material installed so as to cover at least a surface that receives waves among the outer surface of the wall body,
The wall body is configured by stacking up and down, and is composed of a plurality of horizontal members having a substantially constant cross section extending in the horizontal direction,
The cushioning material comprises a sheet body covering the surface of the horizontal member,
A wave protection structure in which at least one ridge extending in the horizontal direction is formed in a portion constituting the sheet body and in contact with each of the horizontal members adjacent vertically. The wave protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a water stop material installed between each of the columnar bodies and the wall body.

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