JP4701442B2 - Blood viscosity measuring device - Google Patents
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Description
この発明は、血液を採取したのち非常に短い時間で血液の粘度測定を開始することを可能ならしめる血液粘度測定装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a blood viscosity measuring apparatus that enables blood viscosity measurement to be started in a very short time after blood is collected.
近年、人の血液の粘度に関して非常に関心が高まっている。例えば、一般に「ドロドロ血液」では健康状態が良くない状態であるとされ、これを「サラサラ血液」にするために効果のある食品や成分の紹介が新聞やテレビ等で多く行われている。このような血液の粘度特性を把握することができれば、血液疾患の予測が可能になったり、病気を早期に発見することも可能になると言われている。 In recent years, there has been much interest in the viscosity of human blood. For example, it is generally considered that “dull blood” is in a poor health state, and many foods and ingredients that are effective in making this “smooth blood” are introduced in newspapers and television. If such a viscosity characteristic of blood can be grasped, it is said that a blood disease can be predicted or a disease can be detected at an early stage.
従来、血液の粘度を測定するために内部に鋼球が入ったシリンジで採血し、鋼球を磁力を用いてシリンジ内の上方位置に上昇させた後、鋼球を落下させてこの落下する鋼球の落下終端速度を測定することにより血液の粘度を求める落球式血液粘度測定装置が公知である（特許文献１参照）。 Conventionally, in order to measure the viscosity of blood, blood is collected with a syringe with a steel ball inside, and the steel ball is raised to an upper position in the syringe by using magnetic force, and then the steel ball is dropped to drop this steel. A falling-ball blood viscosity measuring apparatus that determines the viscosity of blood by measuring the falling end velocity of a sphere is known (see Patent Document 1).
また、流体の粘度を測定する装置としては、流体を満たした円筒状測定容器内を落下する円柱状落体の落下終端速度を測定することにより流体の粘度を求める落体式粘度測定装置が公知である（特許文献２参照）。
上記特許文献１に記載の血液粘度測定装置では、シリンジ内部の鋼球を外部から磁力によってシリンジ内の上方位置に上昇させるが、この場合離れた位置から粘性のある血液流体内を移動させなければならず、非常に強い磁力を必要とする。また、鋼球が落下する際にシリンジの内壁に接触する場合が多く、このために精度高い粘度測定を行うことができないという問題もあった。 In the blood viscosity measuring apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the steel ball inside the syringe is raised from the outside to the upper position in the syringe by a magnetic force, but in this case, the blood ball must be moved from a distant position in the viscous blood fluid. Rather, it requires a very strong magnetic force. In addition, when the steel ball falls, it often comes into contact with the inner wall of the syringe, and there is a problem that the viscosity measurement with high accuracy cannot be performed.
また、血液は、空気に触れると凝固作用によって徐々に凝固していくことから、通常の血液検査においては採取血液に抗凝固剤を添加している。この抗凝固剤の添加は、成分分析にはそれほど影響しないが、血液の状態を評価する粘度測定には大きく影響する。そのため、血液の粘度を測定するためには、抗凝固剤を添加せず、且つ血液の凝固が始まらないように血液を採取してから３分以内に粘度測定を完了するのが望ましい。 In addition, since blood is gradually coagulated by the coagulation action when it comes into contact with air, an anticoagulant is added to the collected blood in a normal blood test. The addition of the anticoagulant does not significantly affect the component analysis, but greatly affects the viscosity measurement for evaluating the blood state. Therefore, in order to measure the viscosity of the blood, it is desirable to complete the viscosity measurement within 3 minutes after collecting the blood so that the anticoagulant is not added and the coagulation of the blood does not start.
しかるに、上記特許文献２に記載の粘度測定装置では、血液の粘度測定に際し、採血管内に採取した血液を粘度測定装置の測定容器内に移し替える操作を要するために、血液を採取してから３分を超えないまでも、粘度測定開始までに少なからず時間を要するものとなっていた。また、採取血液の測定容器内への移し替えの際に、採取血液の空気との接触機会が増大して血液凝固を促進させることも懸念されるところである。 However, in the viscosity measuring device described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2, it is necessary to transfer the blood collected in the blood collection tube into the measurement container of the viscosity measuring device when measuring the blood viscosity. Even if it does not exceed the minute, it takes time to start the viscosity measurement. In addition, when transferring the collected blood into the measurement container, there is a concern that the chance of contact of the collected blood with the air increases to promote blood coagulation.
このような背景から、血液を採取してから粘度測定を開始するに至るまでの時間の短縮及び空気との接触の防止ができ、容易に落体の落下を開始できる手段、方法の開発が求められていた。 Against this background, there is a need for the development of means and methods that can reduce the time from blood collection to the start of viscosity measurement and prevent contact with air, and can easily start falling bodies. It was.
この発明は、かかる技術的背景に鑑みてなされたものであって、採血管内の採取血液を移し替える操作を省略できて、血液を採取したのち空気との接触を最小限にとどめ、非常に短時間で血液の粘度測定を開始でき、採血管内の落体を容易に落下させることを可能ならしめる血液粘度測定装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such a technical background, and an operation for transferring the collected blood in the blood collection tube can be omitted. After blood is collected, contact with the air is minimized, and the operation is very short. An object of the present invention is to provide a blood viscosity measuring apparatus that can start blood viscosity measurement in time and can easily drop a falling body in a blood collection tube.
前記目的を達成するために、本発明は以下の手段を提供する。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following means.
［１］中に粘度測定用落体が封入された採血管と、
前記採血管を保持する保持手段と、
前記保持手段の上下反転操作を可能にする反転手段と、
前記採血管内を落下する落体の落下終端速度又は落下加速度を検出する検出手段とを備えることを特徴とする血液粘度測定装置。
[1] a blood collection tube in which a falling body for viscosity measurement is enclosed;
Holding means for holding the blood collection tube;
Reversing means for enabling upside down operation of the holding means;
A blood viscosity measuring apparatus comprising: a detecting means for detecting a falling end velocity or a falling acceleration of a falling body falling in the blood collection tube.
［２］前記採血管内の落体を該採血管の一端側に固定する固定手段をさらに備える前項１に記載の血液粘度測定装置。 [2] The blood viscosity measuring apparatus according to item 1 above, further comprising fixing means for fixing a falling body in the blood collection tube to one end side of the blood collection tube.
［３］前記粘度測定用落体は、金属製錘を中に封入した合成樹脂製の落体からなり、前記固定手段として電磁石が用いられている前項２に記載の血液粘度測定装置。 [3] The blood viscosity measuring apparatus according to item 2 above, wherein the viscosity measurement falling body is made of a synthetic resin falling body in which a metal weight is enclosed, and an electromagnet is used as the fixing means.
［４］前記粘度測定用落体は、磁性体を中に封入した合成樹脂製の落体からなり、前記固定手段として電磁石が用いられている前項２に記載の血液粘度測定装置。 [4] The blood viscosity measuring device according to item 2 above, wherein the falling body for viscosity measurement is made of a synthetic resin falling body in which a magnetic material is enclosed, and an electromagnet is used as the fixing means.
［５］前記保持手段は、両端が開口された筒状体の一端側の開口部に前記固定手段が固定されたものからなる前項２〜４のいずれか１項に記載の血液粘度測定装置。 [5] The blood viscosity measuring apparatus according to any one of the above items 2 to 4, wherein the holding means is configured such that the fixing means is fixed to an opening on one end side of a cylindrical body having both ends opened.
［６］前記検出手段は、前記保持手段に固定されている前項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の血液粘度測定装置。 [6] The blood viscosity measuring apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein the detection unit is fixed to the holding unit.
［７］前記保持手段にヒーターが配設されている前項１〜６のいずれか１項に記載された血液粘度測定装置。 [7] The blood viscosity measuring apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 6, wherein a heater is disposed in the holding unit.
［８］前記採血管は、有底管体の上端開口部が密封栓によって密栓されると共に前記有底管体の内部に略針状の粘度測定用落体が封入されたものからなり、前記有底管体の底面壁の内面の中央部に前記略針状落体の少なくとも一端部を受容し得る受容凹部が形成されると共に、前記底面壁の内面は、その周縁部から中央部の受容凹部に向かって上から下に傾斜する傾斜面に形成されている前項１〜７のいずれか１項に記載の血液粘度測定装置。 [8] The blood collection tube comprises a bottomed tube whose upper end opening is hermetically sealed with a sealing plug, and a substantially needle-shaped viscosity measuring fallen body is sealed inside the bottomed tube. A receiving recess capable of receiving at least one end of the substantially needle-shaped falling body is formed at the center of the inner surface of the bottom wall of the bottom tube, and the inner surface of the bottom wall extends from the peripheral edge to the receiving recess at the center. 8. The blood viscosity measuring apparatus according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 7, which is formed on an inclined surface inclined downward from above.
［９］前記採血管は、有底管体の上端開口部が密封栓によって密栓されると共に前記有底管体の内部に略針状の粘度測定用落体が封入されたものからなり、前記密封栓の内面の中央部に前記略針状落体の少なくとも一端部を受容し得る受容凹部が形成されると共に、前記密封栓の内面は、その周縁部から中央部の受容凹部に向かって下から上に傾斜する傾斜面に形成されている前項１〜７のいずれか１項に記載の血液粘度測定装置。 [9] The blood collection tube comprises a bottomed tube whose upper end opening is sealed with a sealing plug, and a substantially needle-shaped viscosity measuring body is sealed inside the bottomed tube. A receiving recess capable of receiving at least one end of the substantially needle-shaped falling body is formed in the central portion of the inner surface of the stopper, and the inner surface of the sealing plug extends from the peripheral portion toward the receiving recess in the central portion from above. 8. The blood viscosity measuring device according to any one of 1 to 7 above, wherein the blood viscosity measuring device is formed on an inclined surface.
［１０］前記採血管は、有底管体の上端開口部が密封栓によって密栓されると共に前記有底管体の内部に粘度測定用落体が封入されたものからなり、前記有底管体の底面壁の内面又は／及び前記密封栓の内面が平坦面に形成されると共に、前記粘度測定用落体は、その少なくとも一部に平坦面部を有するものである前項１〜７のいずれか１項に記載の血液粘度測定装置。 [10] The blood collection tube is configured such that the upper end opening of the bottomed tube is hermetically sealed with a sealing plug, and the falling body for viscosity measurement is sealed inside the bottomed tube, The inner surface of the bottom wall and / or the inner surface of the sealing plug is formed as a flat surface, and the falling body for viscosity measurement has a flat surface portion at least at a part thereof. The blood viscosity measuring apparatus as described.
［１］の発明では、採血管の中に粘度測定用落体が封入されているから、この採血管内に血液を採取した後は、この採血管をそのまま保持手段に装着して該保持手段を反転手段により上下反転させるだけで粘度測定を開始することができ、血液の粘度測定に際し従来技術のように採血管内の採取血液を粘度測定装置の測定容器内に移し替える操作をする必要がないので、この血液粘度測定装置を用いれば、血液を採取したのち非常に短時間で（速やかに）血液の粘度測定を開始することができる。従って、この発明の血液粘度測定装置を用いれば、血液の粘度測定を精度高く行うことが可能となる。 In the invention of [1], since the falling body for viscosity measurement is enclosed in the blood collection tube, after collecting blood in the blood collection tube, the blood collection tube is directly attached to the holding means and the holding means is inverted. Viscosity measurement can be started simply by turning upside down by means, and it is not necessary to transfer the collected blood in the blood collection tube into the measurement container of the viscosity measurement device as in the prior art when measuring blood viscosity. By using this blood viscosity measuring apparatus, blood viscosity measurement can be started in a very short time (rapidly) after blood is collected. Therefore, if the blood viscosity measuring apparatus of the present invention is used, blood viscosity can be measured with high accuracy.
［２］の発明では、採血管内の落体を該採血管の一端側に固定する固定手段をさらに備えているから、落体の落下開始を正確に制御することができ、これにより血液の粘度測定をより精度高く行うことができる。 In the invention of [2], since it further comprises a fixing means for fixing the fallen body in the blood collection tube to one end side of the blood collection tube, the fall start of the fallen body can be accurately controlled, thereby measuring blood viscosity. It can be performed with higher accuracy.
［３］の発明では、粘度測定用落体は、金属製錘を中に封入した合成樹脂製の落体からなり、固定手段として電磁石が用いられた構成が採用されており、十分な固定力でもって落体を採血管の一端側に確実に固定することができる。また、このような簡易な構成で落体の固定が可能となるので、装置として小型化を図ることができると共にコストも低減できる。 In the invention of [3], the viscosity measurement falling body is made of a synthetic resin falling body in which a metal weight is encapsulated, and employs a configuration in which an electromagnet is used as a fixing means, with sufficient fixing force. The fallen body can be reliably fixed to one end side of the blood collection tube. Further, since the falling body can be fixed with such a simple configuration, it is possible to reduce the size of the apparatus and reduce the cost.
［４］の発明では、粘度測定用落体は、磁性体を中に封入した合成樹脂製の落体からなり、固定手段として電磁石が用いられた構成が採用されており、十分な固定力でもって落体を採血管の一端側に確実に固定することができる。また、このような簡易な構成で落体の固定が可能となるので、装置として小型化を図ることができると共にコストも低減できる。 In the invention of [4], the viscosity measurement falling body is made of a synthetic resin falling body in which a magnetic body is encapsulated, and employs a configuration in which an electromagnet is used as a fixing means, and the falling body has a sufficient fixing force. Can be reliably fixed to one end of the blood collection tube. Further, since the falling body can be fixed with such a simple configuration, it is possible to reduce the size of the apparatus and reduce the cost.
［５］の発明では、保持手段は、両端が開口された筒状体の一端側の開口部に固定手段が固定されたものからなる構成を採用しているから、保持手段の反転操作中における落体の落下移動を確実に防止できる（落体を採血管の一端側に確実に固定できる）と共に、粘度測定装置の小型化を図ることができる。 In the invention of [5], since the holding means adopts a configuration in which the fixing means is fixed to the opening on one end side of the cylindrical body having both ends opened, the holding means is in the reversing operation of the holding means. The falling movement of the falling body can be reliably prevented (the falling body can be reliably fixed to one end side of the blood collection tube), and the size of the viscosity measuring device can be reduced.
［６］の発明では、検出手段は保持手段に固定されているから、より精度の高い粘度測定を行い得る。 In the invention of [6], since the detection means is fixed to the holding means, more accurate viscosity measurement can be performed.
［７］の発明では、保持手段にヒーターが配設されているから、一定の温度条件の中での血液の粘度測定が可能になる。 In the invention of [7], since the heater is provided in the holding means, it becomes possible to measure the viscosity of blood under a certain temperature condition.
［８］の発明では、有底管体の底面壁の内面の中央部に略針状落体の少なくとも一端部を受容し得る受容凹部が形成されているから、採血管内の該受容凹部において略針状落体を安定状態に保持することができ、これにより粘度測定の際に採血管内の落体を安定状態に落下させることができる。また、有底管体の底面壁の内面は、その周縁部から中央部の受容凹部に向かって上から下に傾斜する傾斜面に形成されているから、略針状落体を有底管体の底面壁の受容凹部にスムーズにかつ確実に誘導案内することができる。 In the invention of [8], since a receiving recess capable of receiving at least one end portion of the substantially needle-like fallen body is formed at the center of the inner surface of the bottom wall of the bottomed tube body, the approximately needle is formed in the receiving recess in the blood collection tube. The fallen body can be held in a stable state, whereby the fallen body in the blood collection tube can be dropped in a stable state during the viscosity measurement. Further, since the inner surface of the bottom wall of the bottomed tubular body is formed on an inclined surface that slopes from top to bottom from the peripheral edge toward the receiving recess in the central portion, the substantially needle-shaped falling body is formed on the bottomed tubular body. It is possible to guide and guide smoothly and reliably to the receiving recess of the bottom wall.
［９］の発明では、密封栓の内面の中央部に略針状落体の少なくとも一端部を受容し得る受容凹部が形成されているから、採血管内の該受容凹部において略針状落体を安定状態に保持することができ、これにより粘度測定の際に採血管内の落体を安定状態に落下させることができる。また、密封栓の内面は、その周縁部から中央部の受容凹部に向かって下から上に傾斜する傾斜面に形成されているから、略針状落体を密封栓の内面の受容凹部にスムーズにかつ確実に誘導案内することができる。 In the invention of [9], since a receiving recess capable of receiving at least one end portion of the substantially needle-like fallen body is formed in the central portion of the inner surface of the sealing plug, the substantially needle-like fallen body is in a stable state in the receiving recess in the blood collection tube. Thus, the falling body in the blood collection tube can be dropped in a stable state during the viscosity measurement. Further, since the inner surface of the sealing plug is formed on an inclined surface inclined from the bottom toward the receiving recess in the central portion from the peripheral portion thereof, the substantially needle-like falling body is smoothly formed in the receiving recess on the inner surface of the sealing plug. And it is possible to guide and guide reliably.
［１０］の発明では、有底管体の底面壁の内面又は／及び密封栓の内面が平坦面に形成されると共に、粘度測定用落体は、その少なくとも一部に平坦面部を有するから、有底管体の底面壁の内面又は／及び密封栓の内面において落体を安定状態に保持することが可能となる。これにより、粘度測定の際に採血管内の落体を安定状態に落下させることができる。 In the invention of [10], the inner surface of the bottom wall of the bottomed tube body and / or the inner surface of the sealing plug is formed as a flat surface, and the viscosity measuring falling body has a flat surface portion at least partially. The falling body can be held in a stable state on the inner surface of the bottom wall of the bottom tube body and / or the inner surface of the sealing plug. Thereby, the falling body in the blood collection tube can be dropped in a stable state during the viscosity measurement.
この発明に係る血液粘度測定装置（３０）の一実施形態を図１に示す。この血液粘度測定装置（３０）は、中に粘度測定用落体（２）が封入された血液粘度測定用採血管（１）、保持手段（３１）、検出手段（３２）、反転手段（３３）及び固定手段（３４）を備えてなる。 One embodiment of a blood viscosity measuring apparatus (30) according to the present invention is shown in FIG. This blood viscosity measuring device (30) includes a blood viscosity measuring blood collection tube (1), a holding means (31), a detecting means (32), and an inverting means (33) in which a falling body for viscosity measurement (2) is enclosed. And fixing means (34).
前記採血管（１）は、図１に示すように、合成樹脂からなる有底管体（３）の上端開口部が弾性体からなる密封栓（６）によって密栓されると共に有底管体（３）の内部空間に粘度測定用落体（２）が封入されたものからなる。本実施形態では、前記粘度測定用落体（２）は略針状に形成されている。前記密栓された有底管体（３）の内部空間は、減圧状態になるように減圧処理されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the blood collection tube (1) has a bottomed tube (3) which is sealed at its upper end opening with a sealing plug (6) made of an elastic material. 3) The inside space of the viscosity measurement falling body (2) is enclosed. In this embodiment, the falling body for viscosity measurement (2) is formed in a substantially needle shape. The inner space of the sealed bottomed tubular body (3) is subjected to a decompression process so as to be in a decompressed state.
前記略針状落体（２）は、金属製錘（１２）を中に封入した合成樹脂製の略針状体（１１）からなる。本実施形態では、図４に示すように、有底円筒状の合成樹脂製の略針状体（１１）の内部に金属製錘（１２）が配置されると共に略針状体（１１）の上部開口端にキャップ（１３）が嵌合されてなる略針状落体（２）が用いられている。 The substantially needle-like fallen body (2) consists of a substantially needle-like body (11) made of synthetic resin in which a metal weight (12) is enclosed. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a metal weight (12) is arranged inside a substantially needle-like body (11) made of synthetic resin having a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the substantially needle-like body (11) is arranged. A substantially needle-like falling body (2) in which a cap (13) is fitted to the upper opening end is used.
また、図１に示すように、前記有底管体（３）の底面（２１）の上面に合成樹脂からなる底部（２２）が接合されることによって有底管体（３）の底面壁（２３）が形成されている。前記底部（２２）の上面の中央部に前記略針状落体（２）の一端部を受容し得る受容凹部（４）が形成されている。この受容凹部（４）は、前記底部（２２）の上面の中央部に円柱形状の孔が穿設されて形成されたものである。更に、前記底部（２２）の上面（即ち底面壁（２３）の内面）は、その周縁部から中央部の受容凹部（４）に向かって上から下に傾斜する傾斜面（５）に形成されている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a bottom portion (22) made of a synthetic resin is joined to an upper surface of a bottom surface (21) of the bottomed tubular body (3), whereby a bottom wall ( 23) is formed. A receiving recess (4) capable of receiving one end of the substantially needle-like fallen body (2) is formed at the center of the upper surface of the bottom (22). The receiving recess (4) is formed by drilling a cylindrical hole at the center of the upper surface of the bottom (22). Furthermore, the upper surface of the bottom portion (22) (that is, the inner surface of the bottom wall (23)) is formed as an inclined surface (5) that is inclined from top to bottom from the peripheral portion toward the receiving recess (4) in the central portion. ing.
前記保持手段（３１）は、前記採血管（１）を保持する手段であり、本実施形態では、両端が開口された円筒状の筒状体（４１）の長さ方向の一端が固定手段（３４）で封止されたものが保持手段（３１）として用いられている。この保持手段（３１）の他端の開口部からその内部空間に前記採血管（１）を挿入配置し得るものとなされている。また、前記保持手段（３１）の筒状体（４１）の内部にヒーター（図示しない）が配置されている。このヒーターは、前記保持手段（３１）で保持した採血管（１）内の血液の温度を所定温度に維持するためのものである。 The holding means (31) is means for holding the blood collection tube (1). In this embodiment, one end in the length direction of a cylindrical tubular body (41) having both ends opened is a fixing means ( What was sealed in 34) is used as the holding means (31). The blood collection tube (1) can be inserted into the internal space from the opening at the other end of the holding means (31). In addition, a heater (not shown) is disposed inside the cylindrical body (41) of the holding means (31). This heater is for maintaining the temperature of the blood in the blood collection tube (1) held by the holding means (31) at a predetermined temperature.
前記固定手段（３４）は、前記採血管（１）内の落体（２）を採血管（１）の長さ方向の一端側に固定するための手段である。本実施形態では、前記固定手段（３４）として電磁石が用いられている。即ち、電磁石（３４）のスイッチをＯＮにした状態では、電磁石（３４）から発せられる磁力により、金属製錘（１２）を内包した落体（２）を採血管（１）内の長さ方向の一端側に固定した状態を維持することができる。即ち、電磁石（３４）のスイッチをＯＮにしておけば、その磁力により、図２（ロ）に示すように、粘度測定のために採血管（１）を１８０度回転させて上下反転状態にしても略針状落体（２）は受容凹部（４）内に安定状態に保持固定される。 The fixing means (34) is means for fixing the fallen body (2) in the blood collection tube (1) to one end side in the length direction of the blood collection tube (1). In the present embodiment, an electromagnet is used as the fixing means (34). That is, in a state where the switch of the electromagnet (34) is turned on, the falling body (2) containing the metal weight (12) is moved in the length direction in the blood collection tube (1) by the magnetic force generated from the electromagnet (34). The state fixed to the one end side can be maintained. That is, if the switch of the electromagnet (34) is turned ON, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the blood collection tube (1) is rotated 180 degrees for the viscosity measurement to be turned upside down by the magnetic force. The substantially needle-like falling body (2) is held and fixed in a stable state in the receiving recess (4).
また、前記保持手段（３１）を構成する筒状体（４１）には、前記採血管（１）内を落下する落体（２）の落下終端速度を検出する検出手段（３２）が取り付けられている。本実施形態では、検出手段（３２）として、相互に離間して配置された一対の磁気センサー（３２Ａ）（３２Ｂ）及び計測装置（図示しない）が用いられている。即ち、図１に示すように、上側の磁気センサー（３２Ａ）は保持手段（３１）の上方位置に配置される一方、下側の磁気センサー（３２Ｂ）は前記上側の磁気センサー（３２Ａ）より下の位置で且つ上側の磁気センサー（３２Ａ）と所定間隔をあけて配置されている。前記計測装置は、前記磁気センサー（３２Ｂ）からの検知信号を受けたのちもう一方の磁気センサー（３２Ａ）からの検知信号を受けるまでの時間を計測する装置である（図２（ハ）参照）。この計測装置により、落体（２）が一方の磁気センサー（３２Ｂ）からもう一方の磁気センサー（３２Ａ）の位置まで落下するのに要した時間を計測することができる。なお、前記「落下終端速度」とは、流体中を等速度落下運動をしているときの速度のことである。 The cylindrical body (41) constituting the holding means (31) is attached with a detecting means (32) for detecting a falling end speed of the falling body (2) falling in the blood collection tube (1). Yes. In the present embodiment, a pair of magnetic sensors (32A) and (32B) and a measuring device (not shown) are used as the detection means (32) that are spaced apart from each other. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper magnetic sensor (32A) is disposed above the holding means (31), while the lower magnetic sensor (32B) is lower than the upper magnetic sensor (32A). At a predetermined distance from the upper magnetic sensor (32A). The measuring device is a device that measures the time from receiving the detection signal from the magnetic sensor (32B) to receiving the detection signal from the other magnetic sensor (32A) (see FIG. 2 (c)). . With this measuring device, it is possible to measure the time required for the fallen body (2) to fall from one magnetic sensor (32B) to the position of the other magnetic sensor (32A). The “falling end velocity” is a velocity when a constant velocity falling motion is performed in the fluid.
また、前記反転手段（３３）は、土台部（４２）と、該土台部（４２）の上面から上方に向けて延ばされた棒状の枢支手段（４３）（４３）とを備えている。前記保持手段（３１）の筒状体（４１）の外周面の高さ方向の中間位置から相互対向状態に一対の軸部（４４）（４４）が外方に向けて突設形成されており、これら軸部（４４）（４４）がそれぞれ前記枢支手段（４３）（４３）の上端部に穿設された軸受け孔（４５）（４５）に挿入配置されることによって、前記保持手段（３１）が前記反転手段（３３）によって回転自在に枢支されている。 The reversing means (33) includes a base portion (42) and rod-shaped pivot means (43) (43) extending upward from the upper surface of the base portion (42). . A pair of shaft portions (44) and (44) are formed to project outward from an intermediate position in the height direction of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body (41) of the holding means (31) toward each other. These shaft portions (44) and (44) are inserted and arranged in bearing holes (45) and (45) formed in the upper end portions of the pivot support means (43) and (43), respectively, so that the holding means ( 31) is pivotally supported by the reversing means (33).
次に、上記構成からなる血液粘度測定装置（３０）を用いた血液の粘度測定方法の一例について説明する。 Next, an example of a blood viscosity measuring method using the blood viscosity measuring apparatus (30) having the above configuration will be described.
まず、図３に示すように、ホルダ（２７）の先端部に貫通状態に固定された針（２８）を人体の皮膚（２９）に刺し入れた後、前記採血管（１）をホルダ（２７）内に挿入していくことによって前記針（２８）を前記密封栓（６）に貫通せしめて該針（２８）の先端を採血管（１）の内部空間内に配置せしめる。この時、採血管（１）の内部空間は減圧状態になっているので採血管（１）の内部に血液（６０）が採血される。 First, as shown in FIG. 3, a needle (28) fixed in a penetrating state at the tip of the holder (27) is inserted into the skin (29) of the human body, and then the blood collection tube (1) is inserted into the holder (27 ), The needle (28) is passed through the sealing plug (6), and the tip of the needle (28) is placed in the internal space of the blood collection tube (1). At this time, since the internal space of the blood collection tube (1) is in a decompressed state, blood (60) is collected inside the blood collection tube (1).
次に、図２（イ）に示すように、内部に血液（６０）が採血された採血管（１）を前記測定装置（３０）の保持手段（３１）の上端開口部からその内部に挿入していき、前記採血管（１）の底面壁（２３）が前記固定手段（３４）に当接する状態に挿入嵌合せしめる。この時、前記略針状落体（２）は、採血管（１）内を落下していき底面壁（２３）の傾斜面（５）に誘導案内されて、略針状落体（２）の一端部が受容凹部（４）内に嵌まり込むので、前記略針状落体（２）は該受容凹部（４）によって安定状態に保持される。 Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the blood collection tube (1) in which blood (60) is collected is inserted into the inside of the holding means (31) of the measuring device (30) into the inside thereof. Then, the bottom wall (23) of the blood collection tube (1) is inserted and fitted so as to be in contact with the fixing means (34). At this time, the substantially needle-like fallen body (2) falls in the blood collection tube (1) and is guided and guided to the inclined surface (5) of the bottom wall (23), thereby one end of the substantially needle-like fallen body (2). Since the portion fits into the receiving recess (4), the substantially needle-like fallen body (2) is held in a stable state by the receiving recess (4).
次の反転操作の前に、前記固定手段（３４）である電磁石のスイッチをＯＮにして該電磁石からの磁力によって、金属製錘（１２）を内包した落体（２）を採血管（１）内の長さ方向の一端側の受容凹部（４）内に固定した状態を維持する。 Prior to the next reversing operation, the switch of the electromagnet as the fixing means (34) is turned ON, and the fallen body (2) containing the metal weight (12) is taken into the blood collection tube (1) by the magnetic force from the electromagnet. The state fixed in the receiving recessed part (4) of the one end side of the length direction is maintained.
次いで、図２（ロ）に示すように、保持手段（３１）を１８０度回転させて上下反転させることによって採血管（１）を上下反転状態にしてこの状態を維持する。この時、前記電磁石（３４）からの磁力により、前記略針状落体（２）は受容凹部（４）内に安定状態に保持固定されている（落下しない）。 Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the holding means (31) is rotated 180 degrees and turned upside down to bring the blood collection tube (1) upside down and maintain this state. At this time, due to the magnetic force from the electromagnet (34), the substantially needle-like fallen body (2) is held and fixed in a stable state in the receiving recess (4) (does not fall).
しかる後、電磁石（３４）のスイッチをＯＦＦにすると、採血管（１）内の受容凹部（４）内に保持されていた略針状落体（２）が落下する（図２（ハ）参照）。この時、略針状落体（２）は、採血管（１）内の血液（６０）中を鉛直下方向に向けて安定状態に落下する。しかして、落体（２）が一方の磁気センサー（３２Ｂ）を通過した時に計測装置は該磁気センサー（３２Ｂ）からの検知信号を受け、その後落体（２）がもう一方の磁気センサー（３２Ａ）を通過した時に計測装置は該磁気センサー（３２Ａ）からの検知信号を受け、これらにより、計測装置は、落体（２）が一方の磁気センサー（３２Ｂ）から他方の他方の磁気センサー（３２Ａ）の位置まで落下するのに要した時間を算出する。求められた落下時間と磁気センサー（３２Ａ）（３２Ｂ）間の距離とから落体（２）の落下終端速度Ｕｔを算出する。 Thereafter, when the switch of the electromagnet (34) is turned off, the substantially needle-like fallen body (2) held in the receiving recess (4) in the blood collection tube (1) falls (see FIG. 2 (c)). . At this time, the substantially needle-like fallen body (2) falls in a stable state with the blood (60) in the blood collection tube (1) directed vertically downward. Therefore, when the falling body (2) passes through one magnetic sensor (32B), the measuring device receives a detection signal from the magnetic sensor (32B), and then the falling body (2) passes the other magnetic sensor (32A). When the measurement device passes, the measurement device receives a detection signal from the magnetic sensor (32A), so that the measurement device causes the falling body (2) to move from one magnetic sensor (32B) to the other magnetic sensor (32A). Calculate the time required to drop to The fall termination speed Ut of the fallen body (2) is calculated from the obtained fall time and the distance between the magnetic sensors (32A) and (32B).
次に、前記得られた落体（２）の落下終端速度Ｕｔを用いて血液粘度を求める方法について説明する。 Next, a method for obtaining the blood viscosity using the fall end velocity Ut of the obtained fallen body (2) will be described.
図１０は、略針状落体（２）が落下している時の状態を示す概念図であり、図１１は、落下する略針状落体（２）が押し退ける血液（６０）の移動方向を示す速度断面図である。これら図１０、図１１において、「Ｌ」は略針状落体（２）の長さ、「ｋＲ」は略針状落体（２）の半径、「Ｒ」は有底管体（３）の半径であり、また（５０）は落下する落体により押し退けられる落体周囲の流体要素としての微小円柱殻であり、「ｒ」は微小円柱殻の内半径、「ｒ＋ｄｒ」は微小円柱殻の外半径、「Ｌ」は微小円柱殻の長さである。 FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing a state when the substantially needle-like falling body (2) is falling, and FIG. 11 shows the moving direction of the blood (60) in which the falling substantially needle-like falling body (2) is pushed away. It is speed sectional drawing. 10 and 11, “L” is the length of the substantially needle-like body (2), “kR” is the radius of the substantially needle-like body (2), and “R” is the radius of the bottomed tubular body (3). (50) is a micro-cylindrical shell as a fluid element around the falling body that is displaced by the falling falling body, “r” is the inner radius of the micro-cylindrical shell, “r + dr” is the outer radius of the micro-cylindrical shell, “ “L” is the length of the micro cylindrical shell.
略針状落体（２）の落下速度が０．１×１０-3ｍ／ｓ〜０．１８ｍ／ｓと非常に小さく、血液と落体の間および血液と有底管体内壁面の間には滑りが発生せず、血液は非圧縮性であり、管内流動は層流であるという条件（仮定）の下で、有底管体（３）に満たされた血液の中央を略針状落体（２）が落下終端速度Ｕｔで落下すると、図１０に示すように、微小円柱殻（５０）の上面及び下面にはそれぞれ圧力ｐ1、ｐ2が働き、内側面及び外側面にはそれぞれ剪断応力τ、τ＋ｄτが働く。また、血液は等速落下運動をしているので、運動量増加速度は０となる。従って、このときの微小円柱殻（５０）に働く力の釣り合いから以下の関係式＜１＞が成り立つ。 The drop speed of the substantially needle-like fallen body (2) is as low as 0.1 × 10 −3 m / s to 0.18 m / s, and slips between the blood and the fallen body and between the blood and the wall surface of the bottomed tube. Does not occur, blood is incompressible, and the flow in the tube is laminar (assumed), the center of the blood filled in the bottomed tube (3) is substantially needle-shaped (2 ) Falls at the drop end velocity Ut, as shown in FIG. 10, pressures p 1 and p 2 act on the upper and lower surfaces of the micro cylindrical shell (50), respectively, and shear stress τ on the inner and outer surfaces, respectively. , Τ + dτ works. Moreover, since the blood is moving at a constant velocity, the momentum increase rate is zero. Therefore, the following relational expression <1> is established from the balance of forces acting on the micro cylindrical shell (50) at this time.
但し、△ｐ＝ｐ1−ｐ2 （△ｐ＜０）である。 However, Δp = p 1 −p 2 (Δp <0).
また、このとき、落体（２）の壁面と有底管体（３）の内壁面には滑りが生じないと仮定しているので、速度に関する境界条件として以下の関係式＜２＞が成り立つ。 At this time, since it is assumed that no slip occurs on the wall surface of the fallen body (2) and the inner wall surface of the bottomed tubular body (3), the following relational expression <2> is established as a boundary condition regarding speed.
また、落体（２）の壁面と有底管体（３）の内壁面との間に形成される環状流路を単位時間当たりに通過する血液の量は落体（２）が押し退ける血液の量と等しいので、以下の関係式＜３＞が成り立つ。 The amount of blood passing per unit time through the annular flow path formed between the wall surface of the falling body (2) and the inner wall surface of the bottomed tube (3) is the amount of blood that the falling body (2) pushes away. Since they are equal, the following relational expression <3> holds.
さらに、落体（２）の壁面において、重力、浮力、圧力及び粘性力が釣り合っているので、以下の関係式＜４＞が成り立つ。 Furthermore, since gravity, buoyancy, pressure, and viscous force are balanced on the wall surface of the falling body (2), the following relational expression <4> is established.
以上の式＜１＞〜＜４＞に、血液の構成方程式（Ｎｅｗｔｏｎ流体の構成方程式）である式＜５＞を連立させることによって、血液の粘度を解析することができる。即ち、血液は、凝固する前の状態であればＮｅｗｔｏｎ流体であるから、式＜１＞〜＜４＞にＮｅｗｔｏｎ流体の構成方程式である式＜５＞を連立させることによって、血液の粘度を解析することができる。 The viscosity of blood can be analyzed by combining the above formulas <1> to <4> with the formula <5> which is a constitutive equation of blood (constitutive equation of Newtonian fluid). That is, since blood is a Newtonian fluid in a state before coagulation, the viscosity of the blood is analyzed by combining Equation <5> that is a constitutive equation of Newtonian fluid with Equations <1> to <4>. can do.
式＜５＞において、τは剪断応力、γ（ガンマ）は剪断速度、μ（ミュー）は血液の粘度である。 In the formula <5>, τ is a shear stress, γ (gamma) is a shear rate, and μ (mu) is blood viscosity.
上記構成の血液粘度測定装置（３０）によれば、採血管（１）の中に粘度測定用落体（２）が封入されているから、この採血管（１）内に血液を採取した後は、この採血管（１）をそのまま保持手段（３１）に装着して該保持手段（３１）を反転手段（３３）により上下反転させるだけで粘度測定を行うことができ、血液の粘度測定に際し従来技術のように採血管内の採取血液を粘度測定装置の測定容器内に移し替える操作をする必要がないので、この血液粘度測定装置（３０）を用いれば、血液を採取したのち非常に短時間で血液の粘度測定を開始することができる。従って、この発明の血液粘度測定装置（３０）を用いれば、血液の粘度測定を精度高く行うことが可能となる。また、採血管内の採取血液を別の測定容器内に移し替える操作を省略できるので、採取血液の空気との接触を極力回避し得て、血液凝固の進行を緩和できる利点もある。 According to the blood viscosity measuring device (30) having the above-described configuration, since the falling body (2) for viscosity measurement is enclosed in the blood collection tube (1), after blood is collected in the blood collection tube (1), By simply attaching the blood collection tube (1) directly to the holding means (31) and inverting the holding means (31) upside down by the reversing means (33), the viscosity can be measured. Since it is not necessary to transfer the collected blood in the blood collection tube into the measurement container of the viscosity measuring device as in the case of the technology, if this blood viscosity measuring device (30) is used, the blood is collected in a very short time. Blood viscosity measurement can be initiated. Therefore, if the blood viscosity measuring apparatus (30) of this invention is used, it becomes possible to measure the viscosity of blood with high accuracy. In addition, since the operation of transferring the collected blood in the blood collection tube to another measurement container can be omitted, there is an advantage that contact of the collected blood with air can be avoided as much as possible and the progress of blood coagulation can be reduced.
この発明において、前記保持手段（３１）としては、前記実施形態の構成のものに特に限定されるものではなく、前記採血管（１）を保持し得る手段であればどのような手段であっても良い。 In the present invention, the holding means (31) is not particularly limited to the one having the configuration of the embodiment, and any means can be used as long as it can hold the blood collection tube (1). Also good.
また、前記反転手段（３３）も前記実施形態の構成のものに特に限定されるものではなく、前記保持手段（３１）の上下反転操作を可能ならしめる手段であればどのような手段であっても良い。 Further, the reversing means (33) is not particularly limited to the one of the configuration of the embodiment, and any means can be used as long as it allows the holding means (31) to be turned upside down. Also good.
また、前記実施形態では、固定手段（３４）として電磁石が用いられているが、特にこのような構成のものに限定されるものではなく、前記採血管（１）内の落体（２）を該採血管（１）の長さ方向の一端側に固定し得る手段であればどのような手段であっても良い。 In the embodiment, an electromagnet is used as the fixing means (34). However, the electromagnet is not particularly limited to such a configuration, and the falling body (2) in the blood collection tube (1) Any means may be used as long as it can be fixed to one end side in the length direction of the blood collection tube (1).
また、前記実施形態では、検出手段（３２）は保持手段（３１）に固定された構成が採用されているが、特にこのような形態のものに限定されるものではない。例えば、前記検出手段（３２）は前記枢支手段（４３）に固定された構成であっても良い。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the structure to which the detection means (32) was fixed to the holding means (31) is employ | adopted, it is not specifically limited to the thing of such a form. For example, the detection means (32) may be configured to be fixed to the pivot support means (43).
また、前記実施形態では、検出手段（３２）として、一対の磁気センサー（３２Ａ）（３２Ｂ）及び計測装置が用いられているが、特にこのような構成のものに限定されるものではなく、落下する落体（２）の落下終端速度を検出できる手段であればどのようなものでも良い。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, although a pair of magnetic sensor (32A) (32B) and a measuring device are used as a detection means (32), it is not specifically limited to the thing of such a structure, A fall Any means may be used as long as it can detect the falling end speed of the falling body (2).
また、前記実施形態では、落体（２）の落下終端速度を測定することにより血液の粘度を求めているが、これに代えて落体（２）の落下加速度を測定することにより血液の粘度を求めるようにしても良い。このような落体（２）の落下加速度を測定する検出手段（３２）としては、上下方向（落体の落下方向）に離間して配置された３つ以上の磁気センサー及び計測装置からなる構成等が挙げられる。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the viscosity of the blood is calculated | required by measuring the fall termination | terminus velocity of the fallen body (2), it replaces with this and the viscosity of the blood is calculated | required by measuring the fall acceleration of a fallen body (2). You may do it. The detecting means (32) for measuring the fall acceleration of the fallen body (2) includes a configuration including three or more magnetic sensors and measurement devices that are spaced apart in the vertical direction (falling body fall direction). Can be mentioned.
また、前記実施形態では、採血管（１）の受容凹部（４）は、前記有底管体（３）の底面壁（２３）の内面に形成されていたが、特にこのような構成に限定されるものではなく、例えば、図５に示すように受容凹部（４）は前記密封栓（６）の内面に形成されていても良い。即ち、図５に示す実施形態では、前記密封栓（６）の内面の中央部に前記略針状落体（２）の少なくとも一部を受容し得る受容凹部（４）が形成されると共に、前記密封栓（６）の内面は、その周縁部から中央部の受容凹部（４）に向かって下から上に傾斜する傾斜面（５）に形成されている。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the receiving recessed part (4) of the blood-collecting tube (1) was formed in the inner surface of the bottom face wall (23) of the said bottomed tubular body (3), it is limited especially to such a structure. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the receiving recess (4) may be formed on the inner surface of the sealing plug (6). That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a receiving recess (4) capable of receiving at least a part of the substantially needle-like fallen body (2) is formed at the center of the inner surface of the sealing plug (6), and The inner surface of the sealing plug (6) is formed as an inclined surface (5) that is inclined from the bottom to the top toward the receiving recess (4) at the center from its peripheral edge.
また、前記採血管（１）としては、図６に示すような構成を採用することもできる。即ち、この採血管（１）は、有底管体（３）の上端開口部が弾性体からなる密封栓（６）によって密栓されると共に前記有底管体（３）の内部に粘度測定用落体（２）が封入されてなり、前記有底管体（３）の底面壁（２３）の内面が平坦面に形成される一方、前記粘度測定用落体（２）は、略針状本体部（５１）の一端部に該本体部（５１）の軸線に対して直交する状態に平板部（５２）が連接されたものからなり、該平板部（５２）における非連接面が平坦面に形成されて平坦面部（５３）を備えている。また、図７の詳細図に示すように、前記粘度測定用落体（２）の略針状本体部（５１）の内部に金属製錘（１２）が配置されていると共に、前記略針状本体部（５１）の上部開口端にキャップ（１３）が嵌合されている。 Moreover, as the said blood collection tube (1), a structure as shown in FIG. 6 is also employable. That is, this blood collection tube (1) is sealed at the upper end opening of the bottomed tube (3) by a sealing plug (6) made of an elastic material and is used for measuring viscosity inside the bottomed tube (3). The falling body (2) is enclosed, and the inner surface of the bottom wall (23) of the bottomed tubular body (3) is formed into a flat surface, while the falling body for viscosity measurement (2) has a substantially needle-like body portion. A flat plate portion (52) is connected to one end of (51) in a state orthogonal to the axis of the main body portion (51), and a non-joint surface in the flat plate portion (52) is formed as a flat surface. And has a flat surface portion (53). Further, as shown in the detailed view of FIG. 7, a metal weight (12) is disposed inside a substantially needle-like main body portion (51) of the viscosity measurement falling body (2), and the substantially needle-like main body. A cap (13) is fitted to the upper opening end of the part (51).
図６に示す構成の採血管（１）では、有底管体（３）の底面壁（２３）の内面が平坦面に形成されると共に、粘度測定用落体（２）は、その少なくとも一部に平坦面部（５３）を有するから、有底管体（３）の底面壁（２３）の内面において落体（２）を安定状態に保持することが可能となり（図８（イ）参照）、これにより粘度測定に際し採血管（１）を上下反転させた時に採血管（１）内の落体（２）を鉛直下方向に向けて安定状態に落下させることができる（図８（ロ）（ハ）参照）。 In the blood collection tube (1) having the configuration shown in FIG. 6, the inner surface of the bottom wall (23) of the bottomed tube (3) is formed as a flat surface, and the falling body for viscosity measurement (2) is at least a part thereof. Therefore, the falling body (2) can be held in a stable state on the inner surface of the bottom wall (23) of the bottomed tubular body (3) (see FIG. 8 (a)). Thus, when the blood collection tube (1) is turned upside down when measuring the viscosity, the fallen body (2) in the blood collection tube (1) can be dropped in a stable state vertically downward (FIGS. 8 (B) and (C). reference).
また、前記血液粘度測定用採血管（１）としては、図９に示すような構成を採用することもできる。即ち、図９（イ）に示す血液粘度測定用採血管（１）は、有底管体（３）の上端開口部が弾性体からなる密封栓（６）によって密栓されると共に前記有底管体（３）の内部に半球状の粘度測定用落体（２）が封入されてなり、前記有底管体（３）の底面壁（２３）の内面が平坦面に形成される一方、前記半球状の落体（２）の一部に平坦面部（５３）を有している。また、図９（ロ）に示す血液粘度測定用採血管（１）は、有底管体（３）の上端開口部が弾性体からなる密封栓（６）によって密栓されると共に前記有底管体（３）の内部に円錐状の粘度測定用落体（２）が封入されてなり、前記有底管体（３）の底面壁（２３）の内面が平坦面に形成される一方、前記円錐状の落体（２）の一部（円錐の底面）に平坦面部（５３）を有している。 Moreover, as the blood viscosity measuring blood collection tube (1), a configuration as shown in FIG. 9 can be adopted. That is, in the blood viscosity measurement blood collection tube (1) shown in FIG. 9 (a), the upper end opening of the bottomed tube (3) is hermetically sealed by a sealing plug (6) made of an elastic body and the bottomed tube A hemispherical viscosity measuring body (2) is enclosed inside the body (3), and the inner surface of the bottom wall (23) of the bottomed tubular body (3) is formed into a flat surface, while the hemisphere A flat surface portion (53) is provided in a part of the shaped falling body (2). In addition, the blood viscosity measurement blood collection tube (1) shown in FIG. 9 (b) is sealed at the upper end opening of the bottomed tube (3) by a sealing plug (6) made of an elastic body and the bottomed tube. The body (3) is sealed with a cone-shaped falling body (2) for viscosity measurement, and the inner surface of the bottom wall (23) of the bottomed tubular body (3) is formed into a flat surface, while the cone A flat surface portion (53) is provided on a part (bottom surface of the cone) of the shaped falling body (2).
これら図９（イ）（ロ）に示す構成の採血管（１）では、有底管体（３）の底面壁（２３）の内面が平坦面に形成されると共に、粘度測定用落体（２）は、その少なくとも一部に平坦面部（５３）を有するから、有底管体（３）の底面壁（２３）の内面において落体（２）を安定状態に保持することが可能となり、これにより粘度測定に際し採血管（１）を上下反転させた時に採血管（１）内の落体（２）を鉛直下方向に向けて安定状態で落下させることが可能となる。 In the blood collection tube (1) having the structure shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b), the inner surface of the bottom wall (23) of the bottomed tube (3) is formed as a flat surface, and the viscosity measurement falling body (2 ) Has a flat surface portion (53) at least at a part thereof, so that the falling body (2) can be held in a stable state on the inner surface of the bottom wall (23) of the bottomed tubular body (3). When the blood collection tube (1) is turned upside down during the viscosity measurement, the fallen body (2) in the blood collection tube (1) can be dropped in a stable state in a vertically downward direction.
この発明において、前記採血管（１）の有底管体（３）を構成する素材は、特に限定されるものではないが、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のオレフィン樹脂を用いるのが好ましい。この場合には、有底管体（３）の内面への血液のこびり付きを十分に防止することができるので、血液の粘度測定をより精度高く行うことができる。 In this invention, although the raw material which comprises the bottomed pipe | tube body (3) of the said blood collection tube (1) is not specifically limited, It is preferable to use olefin resin, such as polyethylene and a polypropylene. In this case, it is possible to sufficiently prevent blood from sticking to the inner surface of the bottomed tube (3), so that the blood viscosity can be measured with higher accuracy.
また、前記落体（２）を構成する合成樹脂（例えば略針状体（１１）を構成する合成樹脂）としては、特に限定されるものではないが、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のオレフィン樹脂を用いるのが好ましい。この場合には、落体（２）の表面への血液のこびり付きを確実に防止することができ、従って血液の粘度測定をより精度高く行うことができる利点がある。なお、合成樹脂からなる略針状体（１１）の表面に、気泡が付着するのを防止するためのコーティング層が形成されても良い。このような気泡付着防止コーティング層としては、例えば親水性コーティング層を例示できる。また、前記金属製錘（１２）は、塊状、粒体、粉体等どのような形態であっても良い。 Further, the synthetic resin constituting the falling body (2) (for example, the synthetic resin constituting the substantially needle-like body (11)) is not particularly limited, but an olefin resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene is used. preferable. In this case, there is an advantage that blood sticking to the surface of the fallen body (2) can be reliably prevented, and blood viscosity can be measured with higher accuracy. In addition, the coating layer for preventing that a bubble adheres may be formed in the surface of the substantially acicular body (11) which consists of synthetic resins. Examples of such a bubble adhesion preventing coating layer include a hydrophilic coating layer. Further, the metal weight (12) may be in any form such as a lump, granule or powder.
なお、前記実施形態では、落体（２）として、金属製錘（１２）を中に封入した合成樹脂製の落体を用いているが、特にこのような構成に限定されるものではなく、例えば磁性体を中に封入した合成樹脂製の落体を用いても良い。 In the above-described embodiment, the falling body (2) is a synthetic resin falling body in which a metal weight (12) is enclosed. However, the present invention is not particularly limited to this configuration. A synthetic resin fallen body in which the body is enclosed may be used.
前記略針状落体（２）の大きさとしては、特に限定されないものの、より少量の血液量での粘度測定を可能にすると共に粘度測定の精度を向上させる観点から、外径（ｍ1、ｍ2）が０．５〜３ｍｍ、長さ（Ｌ）が５〜１００ｍｍの範囲に設定されるのが好ましい。図４において、ｍ1＝ｍ2、ｍ1＞ｍ2、ｍ1＜ｍ2、いずれの関係が成立する構成であっても良い。 The size of the substantially needle-like falling body (2) is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of enabling viscosity measurement with a smaller amount of blood and improving the accuracy of viscosity measurement, the outer diameter (m 1 , m 2 ) is preferably set in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm and the length (L) in the range of 5 to 100 mm. In FIG. 4, a configuration in which any relationship of m 1 = m 2 , m 1 > m 2 , m 1 <m 2 is established may be employed.
なお、前記落体（２）の密度とは、見かけ密度を意味するものであり、落体（２）の質量を落体の体積（空隙部を含めた体積）で除した値である。 The density of the fallen body (2) means an apparent density, and is a value obtained by dividing the mass of the fallen body (2) by the volume of the fallen body (volume including the void).
次に、この発明の具体的実施例について説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例のものに特に限定されるものではない。 Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not particularly limited to these examples.
＜実施例１＞
４５歳の男性の血液を図１に示す血液粘度測定用採血管（１）内に採取した後、図１に示す構成からなる血液粘度測定装置（３０）を用いて前項で説明した手順に従って血液の粘度測定を行った。採血管（１）の内径は８ｍｍ、長さは９０ｍｍであり、採血管（１）の内容量は５ｍＬであった。略針状落体（２）の長さ（Ｌ）は２０ｍｍ、上方側の外径（ｍ1）は２．０ｍｍ、下方側の外径（ｍ2）は２．０ｍｍであった。また、略針状落体（２）の密度は１．４６０ｇ／ｃｍ3であった。また、採取した血液の密度は１．０５７１ｇ／ｃｍ3であった。採血管（１）内の血液の温度が３７．０℃になるようにヒーターを制御して測定を行った。
<Example 1>
After blood of a 45-year-old man is collected in the blood viscosity measuring blood collection tube (1) shown in FIG. 1, the blood is measured according to the procedure described in the previous section using the blood viscosity measuring device (30) having the configuration shown in FIG. The viscosity was measured. The inner diameter of the blood collection tube (1) was 8 mm, the length was 90 mm, and the internal volume of the blood collection tube (1) was 5 mL. The length (L) of the substantially needle-like falling body (2) was 20 mm, the upper outer diameter (m 1 ) was 2.0 mm, and the lower outer diameter (m 2 ) was 2.0 mm. Moreover, the density of the substantially needle-like fallen body (2) was 1.460 g / cm 3 . The density of the collected blood was 1.0571 g / cm 3 . The measurement was performed by controlling the heater so that the temperature of the blood in the blood collection tube (1) was 37.0 ° C.
略針状落体（２）が一方の磁気センサー（３２Ｂ）から他方の磁気センサー（３２Ａ）の位置まで落下するのに要した時間は０．２１９秒であり、これより求められた落体（２）の落下終端速度Ｕｔは１５．４ｃｍ／秒であった。 The time required for the substantially needle-like fallen body (2) to drop from the one magnetic sensor (32B) to the position of the other magnetic sensor (32A) is 0.219 seconds, and the fallen body (2) obtained from this is obtained. The end-of-fall velocity Ut was 15.4 cm / sec.
式＜１＞〜式＜４＞の４式とＮｅｗｔｏｎ流体の構成方程式＜５＞とを連立させて血液の粘度μを算出した。その結果、この血液の粘度μは６．２９ｍＰａ・ｓｅｃであることがわかった。 Viscosity μ of blood was calculated by combining the four formulas <1> to <4> and the constitutive equation <5> of Newtonian fluid. As a result, it was found that the viscosity μ of this blood was 6.29 mPa · sec.
この発明の血液粘度測定装置では、採血管の中に粘度測定用落体が封入されているから、この採血管内に血液を採取した後は、この採血管をそのまま保持手段に装着して該保持手段を上下反転させるだけで粘度測定を行うことができ、このように血液を採取したのち非常に短時間で血液の粘度測定を開始することができるので、血液の粘度測定を精度高く行うことができて、血液疾患の予測や病気の早期発見に役立てることができる。 In the blood viscosity measuring apparatus according to the present invention, since the falling body for viscosity measurement is enclosed in the blood collection tube, after collecting blood in the blood collection tube, the blood collection tube is directly attached to the holding means and the holding means Viscosity can be measured simply by inverting it up and down, and blood viscosity measurement can be started in a very short time after blood is collected in this way. Therefore, it can be useful for predicting blood diseases and early detection of diseases.
１…血液粘度測定用採血管
２…粘度測定用落体
３…有底管体
４…受容凹部
５…傾斜面
６…密封栓
１１…略針状体
１２…金属製錘
２３…底面壁
３０…血液粘度測定装置
３１…保持手段
３２…検出手段
３３…反転手段
３４…固定手段
４１…筒状体
５３…平坦面部（落体の）
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Blood collection tube for blood viscosity measurement 2 ... Decay body for viscosity measurement 3 ... Bottomed tube body 4 ... Receiving recessed part 5 ... Inclined surface 6 ... Seal plug 11 ... Substantially needle-shaped body 12 ... Metal weight 23 ... Bottom wall 30 ... Blood Viscosity measuring device 31 ... Holding means 32 ... Detection means 33 ... Reversing means 34 ... Fixing means 41 ... Cylindrical body 53 ... Flat surface part (of falling body)
Claims (8)
前記採血管を保持する保持手段と、
前記保持手段の上下反転操作を可能にする反転手段と、
前記採血管内を落下する落体の落下終端速度又は落下加速度を検出する検出手段とを備え、
前記有底管体の底面壁の内面の中央部に前記略針状落体の少なくとも一端部を受容し得る受容凹部が形成されると共に、前記底面壁の内面は、その周縁部から中央部の受容凹部に向かって上から下に傾斜する傾斜面に形成されていることを特徴とする血液粘度測定装置。 A blood collection tube is substantially acicular viscosity measurement falling body becomes sealed inside of the bottomed tubular body with an upper end opening portion of the bottomed tubular body is sealed by a sealing plug,
Holding means for holding the blood collection tube;
Reversing means for enabling upside down operation of the holding means;
A detecting means for detecting a falling end velocity or a falling acceleration of a falling body falling in the blood collection tube ,
A receiving recess capable of receiving at least one end of the substantially needle-like falling body is formed in a central portion of the inner surface of the bottom wall of the bottomed tubular body, and the inner surface of the bottom wall is received from the peripheral portion to the central portion. blood viscosity measuring apparatus characterized that you have formed on the inclined surface inclined from top to bottom towards the recess.
前記採血管を保持する保持手段と、Holding means for holding the blood collection tube;
前記保持手段の上下反転操作を可能にする反転手段と、Reversing means for enabling upside down operation of the holding means;
前記採血管内を落下する落体の落下終端速度又は落下加速度を検出する検出手段とを備え、A detecting means for detecting a falling end velocity or a falling acceleration of a falling body falling in the blood collection tube,
前記密封栓の内面の中央部に前記略針状落体の少なくとも一端部を受容し得る受容凹部が形成されると共に、前記密封栓の内面は、その周縁部から中央部の受容凹部に向かって下から上に傾斜する傾斜面に形成されていることを特徴とする血液粘度測定装置。A receiving recess capable of receiving at least one end of the substantially needle-shaped falling body is formed at the center of the inner surface of the sealing plug, and the inner surface of the sealing plug is lowered from the peripheral edge toward the receiving recess in the center. A blood viscosity measuring device, wherein the blood viscosity measuring device is formed on an inclined surface inclined upward from the top.
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| KR101701334B1 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-02-13 | 전북대학교산학협력단 | Portable blood viscostity measuring device |
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| KR101922145B1 (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2018-11-27 | 주식회사 디엠엑스 | Portable viscosity measuring device |
| WO2021131046A1 (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-07-01 | ウィーン医科大学 | Blood-viscosity measurement method |
| EP4083601A4 (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2023-08-09 | Medical University of Vienna | Blood collection tube for measuring blood viscosity, blood viscosity measurement device, and sealed pack of blood collection tube for measuring blood viscosity |
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