JP4698759B1 - Pest trap - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to prevent animals other than harmful animals from being killed in a trapping type trap for reducing or eliminating the effects of harmful animals on the ecosystem.
An illuminance sensor for detecting ambient brightness is provided so as not to operate at night when a pest does not act. Moreover, the operation of the trigger for operating the capture unit is performed with a shape memory alloy member, and a motor or the like is not used. A sensor for detecting an animal is provided inside the trap and the capture unit is activated by this detection. In an existing trap, the animal operates by pulling the food, so even if it enters the trap, it does not operate by sniffing, but according to the present invention, it can be captured with a higher probability.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a pest trap, and more particularly to a trap capable of preventing bycatch of organisms other than those to be controlled.

  Conventional traps include the following.

JP, 2005-211033, A Samurai body provided with a gate which opens, a lid which is supported by the gate so that raising and lowering is possible, a wire which opens and closes the opening, a wire which suspends the closed lid on the opening, and a wire It is a trap for harmful animal pests that has a locking means for releasably locking to the free end of the head and an infrared sensor that detects a foreign matter contained in the main body of the rod and outputs it to the locking means. The locking means releases the free end of the wire by the output of the infrared sensor and drops the closing lid.

  Okinawa Prefecture is home to alien mongoose. Mongoose control projects are being implemented to reduce and eliminate the impact of mongoose on the ecosystem. In the control business, capture is done using a captive-type tube trap, but in addition to mongoose to be controlled, native mammals may be caught and die.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a pest trap (cylinder trap) that prevents the bycatch of native species without reducing the capture rate of mongoose.

The pest capturing apparatus according to the present invention operates a cylindrical main body (1a, 1b, 1c), a capture part (2) for capturing an animal that has entered the inside of the cylindrical main body, and the capture part. Capture unit operating mechanism (3, 4, 5), trigger (6) for locking so as not to operate the capture unit operating mechanism, actuator (7) for moving the trigger, and inside the cylindrical main body Sensors (S1, S2) that detect that an animal has entered, an illuminance sensor (51) that detects ambient brightness, and a controller (50) that operates the actuator with the sensor and the illuminance sensor as inputs. And
The actuator is a shape memory alloy that memorizes a predetermined shape at a predetermined temperature (for example, it has a shape of a spring and becomes a form that remarkably contracts when it becomes several times the temperature due to heat generation),
The controller is
Start operation based on the signal from the illuminance sensor,
When the intrusion of the animal is detected by the sensor, an electric current is passed through the shape memory alloy to generate heat, and the trigger is moved by changing the shape memory alloy into the predetermined shape (for example, a shape in which the spring is contracted) to The locking of the operating mechanism is released, and the capturing unit is operated.

A plurality of the sensors are provided apart from each other at a predetermined interval inside the cylindrical main body,
As for the interval between the sensors, all of the plurality of sensors are detected at the same time in a pest that is a capture target, but a part smaller than the pest is not a capture target, but all of them are detected at the same time. (For example, the plurality of sensors are slightly shorter than the length of mongoose, which is a harmful animal, and sufficiently longer than the length of red beards and crabs. Here, the length refers to the length. , The length occupied in the extending direction (axial direction of the cylinder) when entering the cylindrical main body).
The controller causes a current to flow through the shape memory alloy when all of the plurality of sensors detect simultaneously.

A vibration sensor (SS) is provided near the entrance of the cylindrical main body,
When the brightness by the illuminance sensor does not match a predetermined condition, or when the sensor does not detect even after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of operation, the control unit enters a sleep state,
When the vibration is detected by the vibration sensor, the sleep state is canceled and the detection of the sensor is enabled.

It is a figure (before operation) which shows composition of a pest trap (cylinder trap) concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is another figure which shows the structure of the pest trap (pipe trap) which concerns on embodiment of invention. It is another figure which shows the structure of the pest trap (pipe trap) which concerns on embodiment of invention. It is another figure which shows the structure of the pest trap (pipe trap) which concerns on embodiment of invention. It is a block diagram of a control system of a pest trap (pipe trap) according to an embodiment of the invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the pest trap (cylinder trap) which concerns on embodiment of invention. It is a perspective view after the action | operation of the pest trap (cylinder trap) which concerns on embodiment of invention.

  Embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in order to make the drawing easy to see, some elements are appropriately omitted. Accordingly, it should be noted that there is a portion that causes a mismatch when the drawings are compared with each other.

Fig.1 (a) is a front view (figure seen from the entrance side) of the harmful animal trap (henceforth "cylinder trap") which concerns on embodiment of invention.
FIG.1 (b) is a rear view (figure seen from the opposite side to the entrance side).
FIG.1 (c) is BB arrow sectional drawing shown by the figure (d).
FIG. 1C is a right side view.
FIG.1 (d) is AA arrow sectional drawing shown by the figure (a).

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view (cylinder (a) is a left side enlarged view and FIG. (B) is a top enlarged view) of a cylindrical trapping part operating mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a cylinder trap capturing mechanism operating mechanism according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the inlet side of the cylindrical trap according to the embodiment of the invention.

  1a is a front cylinder part, 1b is an intermediate cylinder part, and 1c is a back cylinder part. The intermediate cylinder part 1b is also a capture part operation mechanism attachment part. Front side cylinder part 1a is about 72mm in length, diameter is about 84mm, thickness is about 3mm, intermediate cylinder part 1b is about 150mm in length, about 75mm in diameter, about 7mm in thickness, back side cylinder part 1c is about 150mm in length, about diameter is about It is 84 mm and thickness is about 3 mm. Since the front side cylinder part 1a to the back side cylinder part 1c have overlapping portions, the total of them does not coincide with the total length of 350 mm.

  Reference numeral 2 denotes a capture unit (hereinafter referred to as a “string”). The string 2 is a thin and strong string having a diameter of about 1 mm and has a certain flexibility. The total length is about 250 mm. Both ends of the cord 2 are firmly connected to a hole provided at one end of the action member (black bar) 3 to form a ring shape. At the time of installation of the tubular trap, the tear string 2 is stored in a tear string storing groove 1a-S provided on the inner periphery of the intermediate cylinder portion 1b (see FIG. 4).

  Reference numeral 3 denotes an action member (hereinafter referred to as “black bar”). The black bar 3 is a metal having a length of about 105 mm, a width of about 10 mm, and a thickness of about 2 mm, and has a sufficient strength. A hole is provided at one end of the looped string 2 and a groove 3-1 and a notch 3-2 are provided upward at the other end. Further, a hole for attaching the urging means 4 is provided in the vicinity of the hole of the cord 2 (position of about 10 mm from the end).

  Reference numeral 4 denotes an urging unit that urges the black bar 3 to lift upward. The biasing means 4 is a strong spring (hereinafter referred to as “spring 4”). One end of the spring 4 is firmly fixed to the intermediate cylinder portion 1 b by a fixing means (thick and strong wire or the like) 4 a shown in FIG. 2, and the other end is attached to the hole of the black bar 3. The state shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 shows a state before the trapping operation. In this state, the spring 4 is pressed against the intermediate cylindrical portion 1b, and a strong repulsive force is generated. FIG. 7 shows a state after the trapping operation. In this state, the spring 4 rotates about 90 degrees, and the black bar 3 is largely lifted upward.

  Reference numeral 5 denotes an action part pressing member that presses one end of the black bar 3 (near the position where the looped string 2 and the spring 4 are attached). The action part presser 5 is a substantially semicircular wire having a diameter of about 1.5 mm. A portion in contact with the black bar 3 is shaped like a protrusion, and the black bar 3 is fitted into the portion. Both ends of the action part presser 5 are respectively inserted into holes provided at substantially intermediate heights of the intermediate cylinder part 1b. The part functions as an action part pressing fulcrum (rotating support) 5S (see FIG. 4), and the action part pressing 5 is slightly rotated.

  Reference numeral 6 denotes a trigger for pressing the other end of the black bar 3. The trap is activated when the trigger 6 is disengaged from the black bar 3 (the state shown in FIG. 7 is reached). The trigger 6 is a metal fitting made of a wire having a diameter of about 1 mm, and has a slightly open L shape when viewed from the side. A fulcrum (fulcrum member) 6S is provided at the corner, and the trigger 6 is slightly rotated.

  Reference numeral 7 denotes an actuator connected to the other end of the trigger 6 (opposite to the side holding the black bar 3). The actuator 7 is a binary nickel titanium shape memory alloy spring (wire diameter 0.5 mm) and contracts when heated.

  Reference numeral 8 denotes an attachment base that is provided on the inner bottom portion of the intermediate cylinder portion 1 b and holds the other end of the actuator 7.

  Reference numeral 9 shown in FIG. 2 denotes a through hole that vertically penetrates the side surface of the intermediate cylinder portion 1b. The through hole 9 is used, for example, when fixing the cylindrical trap to the ground.

  S1-IC is a first light receiving unit / LED control unit (light modulation type photo IC) of the first detection sensor S1. S1-LED is the 1st light emission part (LED). These are provided at substantially the same height so that the light from the light emitting part is received by the light receiving part. The light passes through the inside of the cylindrical portion. The S1-LED is an infrared LED that emits a light beam that cannot be seen by an animal to be exterminated, specifically an infrared ray. The same applies to S2.

  S2-IC is a second light receiving unit / LED control unit (light modulation photo IC) of the second detection sensor S2. S2-LED is the second light emitting part (LED).

  When the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit are paired and the light receiving unit stops receiving light from the light emitting unit, the animal has entered the tube.

  The first detection sensor S1 is provided at a position of about 10 mm from the entrance, and the second detection sensor S2 is provided at a position of about 140 mm from the entrance and substantially in the middle of the intermediate cylinder portion 1b. Therefore, the interval between the first detection sensor S1 and the second detection sensor S2 is about 130 mm. Measured from the bottom surface of the cylinder, the mounting height of the first detection sensor S1 is about 60 mm, and the mounting height of the second detection sensor S2 is about 40 mm.

  SS is a vibration switch provided on the ceiling of the front side cylinder portion 1a. The vibration switch SS incorporates a small sphere, and when the sphere rolls due to vibration, the built-in contact causes chattering.

Reference numeral 50 denotes a control board (details will be described later).
Reference numeral 51 denotes an illuminance sensor.
BATT is a power source (battery).
Further, α is a first opening provided in the intermediate cylinder portion 1b (cut-through string passing portion), β is also a second opening portion (trigger passing portion), and γ is a third opening provided in the rear side cylinder portion 1c. Part (light window).

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a control system for a cylindrical trap according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numeral 52 denotes a processing unit (microcomputer).
Reference numeral 53 denotes a drive unit (power amplification semiconductor) that drives the actuator 7. Specifically, it is a part (FET, transistor, relay, etc.) that functions as a trap switch for flowing current to the actuator 7.
A drive current control unit 54 turns on and off the current supplied to the first detection sensor S1 and the second detection sensor S2. Specifically, it is a component (FET, transistor, relay, etc.) that acts as a sensor switch. A processing unit 52, a drive unit 53, and a drive current control unit 54 are mounted on the control board.

  The cylindrical trap according to the embodiment of the invention processes information from the illuminance sensor 51, the light blocking detection sensors S1, S2 and the vibration sensor SS by the microcomputer 52, and electrically controls the actuator 7 made of shape memory alloy, The trap is activated.

Next, the operation will be described.
When the power supply (battery) BATT is set, the processing unit 52 measures the ambient brightness based on the output of the illuminance sensor 51, and if it is bright, the drive current control unit 54 is turned on and current is supplied to the sensors S1 and S2. Put it in a state. If it is not bright, the brightness is continuously measured for a certain time (about 10 minutes), but if the dark state continues, the sleep state is set. The brightness threshold is predetermined by a program.

  The sleep state means that no current flows through the sensors S1 and S2 and the drive element 53, and the processing unit (microcomputer) 52 is in a low power consumption state.

  If the sensors S1 and S2 do not react for a certain time (about 10 minutes) (if a predetermined signal is not output), the sleep state is entered, and the currents of the sensors S1 and S2 are cut off.

  When the vibration sensor SS swings in the sleep state and the iron ball inside rolls, the processing unit 52 detects it and returns from the sleep state. Note that the trap does not operate in a state where the surroundings are not bright, and enters a sleep state again after a certain period of time.

  When the illuminance sensor 51 is bright and the sensors S1 and S2 are turned on, and the light from the two infrared light emitting diodes S1-LED and S2-LED of the sensors S1 and S2 is blocked simultaneously. It works. It does not work when only one is blocked.

  After the operation, the sensors S1 and S1 and the actuator 7 are switched off (the drive element 53 and the drive current control unit 54 do not pass any current), the sleep state is entered, and the battery is removed once (the microcomputer is restarted). The trap will never work again.

  When the processing unit 52 senses that the mongoose has entered the trap by the sensors S1 and S2, the drive element 53 is turned on and a current flows through the actuator 7. Then, the temperature of the actuator 7 rises and the shape changes with the temperature change because it is made of a shape memory alloy. In the embodiment of the invention, the actuator 7 can be contracted (it can be expanded depending on the structure of the trigger. In short, any shape can be used as long as the shape is changed by passing a current and the trigger is operated by this change. ). Thereby, the trigger 6 comes off from the black bar, and the laced string 2 is pulled up.

This point will be further described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 6A shows a safe state where the trap does not operate. Even if the trigger 6 is hung on the groove 3-1 and the actuator 7 is contracted in this state, the trigger 6 is not detached from the black bar 3 because of the projection 3-3.

  FIG. 6B shows an operable state in which the trap can be operated. A trigger 6 is hung on the notch 3-2. In this state, since both ends of the black bar 3 are pressed, the repulsive force of the spring 4 is pressed down.

  When the actuator 7 is contracted in the state of FIG. 6B, the trigger 6 is removed as shown in FIG. Then, the black bar 3 is only held at one end by the action part presser 5. This state is unstable, and one end of the black bar 3 (the one on which the trigger 6 is hung) tends to be lifted by the spring 4.

  For this reason, the black bar 3 moves, and as shown in FIG. 6 (d), the black bar 3 is detached from the action part presser 5 (the action part presser 5 only rotates slightly, so that the movement of the black bar 3 follows). Can not). Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the black bar 3 is lifted in the direction of the arrow by the elastic force of the spring 4. Since the clip 3 is tied to the end of the black bar 3, it is pulled up strongly, and the animal in the tube is caught by the clip 3.

  While mongooses have been killed using a conventional capture device, native rodents, red beards, and crabs are being killed by mistake. According to the embodiment of the invention, bycatch can be prevented.

  Pay attention to the fact that the activity time is different in order to avoid the voles that are similar in size to the mongoose, and use the illuminance sensor 51 to operate only in the bright daytime to prevent bycatch of the voles Can do.

  Since red beards and crabs are different in body size, it is possible to prevent bycatch of animals smaller than mongoose by determining whether or not to operate the capture unit in combination with sensors S1 and S2. By adjusting the arrangement of the sensors S1 and S2 to the size of the animal body, the size of the animal to be operated can be changed.

  In the embodiment of the invention, the sensors S1 and S2 are turned off in order to reduce standby power, and the microcomputer 52 is placed on standby with low power using the sleep function of the microcomputer 52. When a state in which no animal intrusion is confirmed from the sensors S1 and S2 elapses for a predetermined time, the microcomputer 52 enters a sleep state, all programs are suspended, and power consumption is extremely low. The vibration sensor SS is used for returning from the standby state. The trap is activated only when a creature enters the trap.

  Using a spring of shape memory alloy for the trapezoid actuator (operating part) 7, the durability has been greatly improved. When the microcomputer 52 senses that the mongoose has entered, the spring is contracted by applying a current to the shape memory alloy spring 7 to heat it, and the trap is operated by the lever principle. Compared to actuators with moving parts such as motors, it is less susceptible to corrosion by salt in areas close to the sea, corrosion from salt contained in bait, and high humidity in the forest where the traps are installed. , Improving the reliability of traps.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the following effects can be obtained.
By using an actuator made of a shape memory alloy as an operating part, it is more resistant to salt and moisture than a motor, and it is possible to obtain outstanding durability and reliability.
By using the sleep function of the microcomputer, it is possible to operate for a long time with very little standby power.
Conventional traps have been activated when mongoose pulls the bait, but the trap is activated when mongoose enters the trap by the light-shielding sensor, so it can be captured with higher probability.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and these are also included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Front side cylinder part 1a-S Cut string storage groove | channel 1b Intermediate | middle cylinder part (capturing part operation mechanism attachment part)
1c Back side cylinder part 2 Capturing part (cut string)
3 Action member (black bar)
4 Biasing means (spring)
4a Fixing means 5 Action part presser 5S Action part presser fulcrum (rotating support)
6 trigger 6S fulcrum (fulcrum member)
7 Actuator (shape memory alloy spring)
8 Mounting base 9 Through hole 50 Control board 51 Illuminance sensor 52 Processing section (microcomputer)
53 Drive Element 54 Drive Current Control Unit BATT Power Supply (Battery)
S1 1st detection sensor S2 2nd detection sensor S1-IC 1st light-receiving part and LED control part (light modulation type photo IC, entrance side)
S1-LED first light emitting part (LED, entrance side)
S2-IC Second light receiving unit / LED control unit (light modulation photo IC, inner side)
S2-LED second light emitting part (LED, inner back side)
SS vibration switch α 1st opening (cutting string passage)
β 2nd opening (trigger passage)
γ Third opening (light window)

Claims (3)

A cylindrical main body, a capture unit that captures an animal that has entered the inside of the cylindrical main body, a capture unit operation mechanism that operates the capture unit, and a trigger that locks the capture unit operation mechanism so as not to operate An actuator that moves the trigger, a sensor that detects that an animal has entered the inside of the cylindrical body, an illuminance sensor that detects ambient brightness, and the sensor and the illuminance sensor as inputs, A controller for operating the actuator,
The actuator is a shape memory alloy that stores a predetermined shape at a predetermined temperature,
The controller is
Start operation based on the signal from the illuminance sensor,
When an intrusion of an animal is detected by the sensor, an electric current is passed through the shape memory alloy to generate heat, and the trigger is moved by changing the shape memory alloy to the predetermined shape to unlock the capture unit operating mechanism. The pest capturing device, wherein the capturing unit is operated. A plurality of the sensors are provided apart from each other at a predetermined interval inside the cylindrical main body,
As for the interval between the sensors, all of the plurality of sensors are detected at the same time in a pest that is a capture target, but a part smaller than the pest is not a capture target, but all of them are detected at the same time. It is determined not to detect,
2. The pest trap according to claim 1, wherein the controller causes a current to flow through the shape memory alloy when all of the plurality of sensors detect simultaneously. A vibration sensor is provided near the entrance of the cylindrical body,
When the brightness by the illuminance sensor does not match a predetermined condition, or when the sensor does not detect even after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of operation, the control unit enters a sleep state,
The pest trap according to claim 1, wherein when the vibration is detected by the vibration sensor, the sleep state is canceled and the detection of the sensor is enabled.

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