JP4691423B2 - Centrifugal forming material and method for producing centrifugal formed concrete product - Google Patents
Centrifugal forming material and method for producing centrifugal formed concrete product Download PDFInfo
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- JP4691423B2 JP4691423B2 JP2005263314A JP2005263314A JP4691423B2 JP 4691423 B2 JP4691423 B2 JP 4691423B2 JP 2005263314 A JP2005263314 A JP 2005263314A JP 2005263314 A JP2005263314 A JP 2005263314A JP 4691423 B2 JP4691423 B2 JP 4691423B2
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 7
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 alum Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011126 aluminium potassium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940050271 potassium alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- LCPUDZUWZDSKMX-UHFFFAOYSA-K azane;hydrogen sulfate;iron(3+);sulfate;dodecahydrate Chemical compound [NH4+].O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LCPUDZUWZDSKMX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011127 sodium aluminium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
本発明は、遠心力成形用仕上げ材及び遠心力成形コンクリート製品の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a centrifugal molding material and a method for producing a centrifugal molded concrete product.
パイル、ポール、ライニング管及びヒューム管等のコンクリート製品は、遠心力成形によって製造されている。遠心力成形する工程で、コンクリート中の水は遠心力によって脱水され、管の内側にはセメントや細骨材等の微粉末と水の混合物（以下、スラッジという）が発生している。このスラッジは強アルカリであるため公害防止の点から、そのまま工場外に排出できず、多くの時間と費用を掛けて、固形分処理や排水中和処理等をしている。 Concrete products such as piles, poles, lining pipes and fume pipes are manufactured by centrifugal force forming. In the centrifugal molding process, water in the concrete is dehydrated by centrifugal force, and a mixture of fine powder such as cement and fine aggregate and water (hereinafter referred to as sludge) is generated inside the pipe. Since this sludge is a strong alkali, it cannot be discharged out of the factory as it is from the viewpoint of pollution prevention, and it takes a lot of time and cost to perform solid content treatment, wastewater neutralization treatment, and the like.
また、コンクリートを遠心力成形すると、コンクリートは遠心力で硬く締まり、コンクリートの内側にはコンクリートから脱水された水の層が形成されるが、遠心力成形を止めると、このコンクリートの内側に張り付いている水が落下して底部に溜まり、スラッジが生成する。例えば、ヒューム管は、スラッジ排出後に内面仕上げする際に、セメントを粉体又はスラリーとして投入し、仕上げ棒で凹凸が無くなるように均し、最後に刷毛で仕上げる。この仕上げ作業はヒューム管等を回転しながら行うため、危険が伴い、熟練が必要である。しかしながら、作業員を育てるには時間を要する。そのため、遠心力成形コンクリート製品工場では熟練作業員が不足し、人員確保に苦慮している。 In addition, when concrete is formed by centrifugal force, the concrete is firmly tightened by centrifugal force, and a layer of water dehydrated from the concrete is formed inside the concrete, but when the centrifugal force is stopped, the concrete sticks to the inside of the concrete. Water falls and collects at the bottom, producing sludge. For example, when the inner surface of the fume tube is finished after the sludge is discharged, cement is added as a powder or a slurry, leveled so that there is no unevenness with a finishing bar, and finally finished with a brush. Since this finishing operation is performed while rotating the fume tube or the like, it is dangerous and requires skill. However, it takes time to train workers. For this reason, there is a shortage of skilled workers in the centrifugal force molded concrete product factory, and it is difficult to secure personnel.
この改善策としてスラッジの量を低減する方法が挙げられる。例えば、凝結促進剤と非（陰）イオン界面活性剤とにより、遠心力成形で生ずるスラッジ中の固形分をコンクリート内面に凝結させて、スラッジから水を分離し、コンクリート内面のコテ仕上げを容易にし、かつ、平滑にする方法（特許文献１）、アルカリ性で水溶性となるカルボキシル基を有する高分子を酸性の水溶液中に微粒子状に分散させた液を、遠心力成形中のセメント製品の仕上げ層に添加する方法（特許文献２）、スラッジの発生を低減又は防止する遠心力成形方法により遠心力成形した後、遠心力成形体内面に形成された柔らかいペースト又はモルタル層の表面に、急硬性成分のスラリー、吸水性物質を回転させながら投入して硬化させ、平均厚さ０．２〜１０ｍｍのライニング層を形成する内面仕上げ方法（特許文献３〜５）が知られている。しかしながら、経済性の点で、更にスラッジの発生を低減することが求められている。
本発明者らは、遠心力成形コンクリート製品において、特定の遠心力成形用仕上げ材を使用することによって、スラッジを低減できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 The present inventors have found that sludge can be reduced by using a specific centrifugal molding material in centrifugal molded concrete products, and have completed the present invention.
本発明は、（１）遠心力成形コンクリート製品の製造に使用する、セメント、細骨材、最大粒径０．３ｍｍ以下の骨材及び急結剤を含有してなり、セメント１００質量部に対して、細骨材が５０〜１５０質量部、最大粒径０．３ｍｍ以下の骨材が５０〜１５０質量部、急結剤が０．５〜２０質量部である、スラッジの低減と内面の波の発生高さを小さくする遠心力成形用仕上げ材、（２）遠心力成形コンクリート製品を製造する工程において、遠心力成形コンクリート製品内に生成するスラッジに、前記遠心力成形用仕上げ材を投入することを特徴とする遠心力成形コンクリート製品の製造方法、である。 The present invention is, (1) for use in the manufacture of a centrifugal force forming concrete products, cement, fine aggregate, Ri Na contain maximum particle size 0.3mm or less of the aggregate and quick-setting admixture, the 100 parts by weight of cement On the other hand, the fine aggregate is 50 to 150 parts by mass, the aggregate having a maximum particle size of 0.3 mm or less is 50 to 150 parts by mass, and the quick setting agent is 0.5 to 20 parts by mass. Finishing material for centrifugal force molding that reduces the height of wave generation , (2 ) In the process of producing centrifugally shaped concrete products, the centrifugal force forming finish material is introduced into the sludge generated in centrifugally shaped concrete products A method for producing a centrifugally formed concrete product, characterized in that:
本発明の遠心力成形用仕上げ材及び遠心力成形コンクリート製品の製造方法を用いることによって、スラッジを低減することができる。 Sludge can be reduced by using the centrifugal molding material according to the present invention and the method for producing centrifugal molding concrete product.
本発明のスラッジの固形分濃度は１５〜５５質量％が好ましく、２５〜３５質量％がより好ましい。この範囲外だとスラッジの硬化、付着が不十分な場合がある。 15-55 mass% is preferable, and, as for the solid content concentration of the sludge of this invention, 25-35 mass% is more preferable. Outside this range, the sludge may not be sufficiently cured and adhered.
本発明で使用する骨材（以下、微粉材という）は、無機系の材質で、最大粒径が０．３ｍｍ以下であることが好ましく、さらに０．１〜０．３ｍｍ以下であることが好ましく、さらに０．１〜０．２ｍｍ以下であることがより好ましい。０．３ｍｍを超えると遠心力成形工程の際に、スラッジ水の発生を防止する効果が小さい。 The aggregate used in the present invention (hereinafter referred to as a fine powder material) is an inorganic material and preferably has a maximum particle size of 0.3 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm or less. Furthermore, it is more preferable that it is 0.1-0.2 mm or less. If it exceeds 0.3 mm, the effect of preventing the generation of sludge water during the centrifugal force forming step is small.
微粉材の調整方法は、特に限定するものでなく、例えば、通常のコンクリートに使用される粗骨材や細骨材を粉砕し、分級し、最大粒径０．３ｍｍ以下に調整したものを使用できるし、粒度調整した市販品として入手できるものも使用できる。例えば、微粉材としては、硅砂、鉱さい及び石灰砂等が挙げられる。 The method for adjusting the fine powder is not particularly limited. For example, a coarse aggregate or fine aggregate used in ordinary concrete is crushed, classified, and adjusted to a maximum particle size of 0.3 mm or less. It is possible to use a commercially available product that has been adjusted in particle size. For example, the fine powder material includes dredged sand, slag and lime sand.
微粉材の使用量は、セメント１００質量部に対して５０〜１５０質量部が好ましく、７５〜１２５質量部がより好ましい。５０質量部未満だとスラッジ水の発生を防止する効果が小さく、遠心力成形によりスラッジが内面に流出する場合があり、１５０質量部を超えると遠心力成形によるペースト、モルタル、コンクリートの伸びが悪くなり内面が平滑にならず、遠心力成形体内面に波が生じる（例えば、内径が不均一になる）場合がある。 The amount of fine powder used is preferably 50 to 150 parts by mass, more preferably 75 to 125 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement. If the amount is less than 50 parts by mass, the effect of preventing the generation of sludge water is small, and sludge may flow out to the inner surface by centrifugal molding, and if it exceeds 150 parts by mass, the elongation of paste, mortar and concrete by centrifugal molding is poor. In some cases, the inner surface does not become smooth, and waves are generated on the inner surface of the centrifugal force molded body (for example, the inner diameter becomes uneven).
本発明で使用する急結剤としては、例えば、アルミン酸ナトリウム、珪酸ナトリウム、硫酸アルミニウム、ミョウバン類、カルシウムアルミネート等が挙げられる。ミョウバン類としては、カリウムミョウバン、ナトリウムミョウバン及び鉄ミョウバン等が挙げられ、無水塩や結晶水を持つもの何れも使用できる。中でも、カルシウムアルミネート、硫酸アルミニウム、ミョウバン類などが好ましく、カルシウムアルミネートがより好ましい。 Examples of the quick setting agent used in the present invention include sodium aluminate, sodium silicate, aluminum sulfate, alum, calcium aluminate and the like. Examples of alums include potassium alum, sodium alum and iron alum, and any of those having an anhydrous salt or crystal water can be used. Among these, calcium aluminate, aluminum sulfate, alum and the like are preferable, and calcium aluminate is more preferable.
カルシウムアルミネートとしては、例えば、ＣａＯ・２Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ・Ａｌ２Ｏ３、３ＣａＯ・Ａｌ２Ｏ３、１２ＣａＯ・７Ａｌ２Ｏ３、これらのＣＡにハロゲン元素やアルカリ金属元素が固溶した、３ＣａＯ・３Ａｌ２Ｏ３・ＣａＦ２、１１ＣａＯ・７Ａｌ２Ｏ３・ＣａＦ２、１１ＣａＯ・７Ａｌ２Ｏ３・Ｎａ２Ｏ等が挙げられる。また、これら化合物の形態は、結晶質、非晶質の何れでもよい。 Calcium aluminate, for example, CaO · 2Al 2 O 3, CaO · Al 2 O 3, 3CaO · Al 2 O 3, 12CaO · 7Al 2 O 3, halogen elements and alkali metal elements are dissolved in these CA , 3CaO · 3Al 2 O 3 · CaF 2, 11CaO · 7Al 2 O 3 · CaF 2, 11CaO · 7Al 2 O 3 · Na 2 O , and the like. The form of these compounds may be either crystalline or amorphous.
急結剤の使用量は、セメント１００質量部に対して０．５〜２０質量部が好ましく、１〜１５質量部がより好ましい。０．５質量部未満だと仕上げ時間が長くなり、製造効率が悪くなる場合がある。２０質量部を超えると内面の硬化が速くなり、遠心力成形体内面に波が生じる場合がある。 0.5-20 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of cement, and 1-15 mass parts is more preferable. If it is less than 0.5 parts by mass, the finishing time becomes longer, and the production efficiency may deteriorate. When the amount exceeds 20 parts by mass, the inner surface is hardened, and a wave may be generated on the inner surface of the centrifugal force molded body.
本発明で使用するセメントは、特に限定されるものではなく、通常のセメントが使用でき、具体的には、普通、早強、超早強、低熱及び中庸熱等の各種ポルトランドセメント、これらポルトランドセメントに、高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ又はシリカを混合した各種混合セメント、石灰石粉末や高炉徐冷スラグ微粉末を混合したフィラーセメント、廃棄物利用型セメント、いわゆるエコセメント等が挙げられ、これらのうちの一種又は二種以上が併用できる。膨張材や減水剤も併用できる。 The cement used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and ordinary cement can be used. Specifically, various portland cements such as normal, early strength, super early strength, low heat and moderate heat, and these portland cements can be used. In addition, various mixed cements mixed with blast furnace slag, fly ash or silica, filler cement mixed with limestone powder and blast furnace slow-cooled slag fine powder, waste-use cement, so-called eco-cement, etc., one of these Or two or more can be used in combination. An expansion material and a water reducing agent can be used in combination.
本発明で使用する細骨材は、前記微粉材以外のもので、通常のモルタル、コンクリートに使用できるものが挙げられる。 The fine aggregate used in the present invention is other than the fine powder material, and examples thereof include those that can be used for ordinary mortar and concrete.
細骨材の使用量は、セメント１００質量部に対して５０〜１５０質量部が好ましく、８０〜１２０質量部がより好ましい。５０質量部未満だと仕上げ時間が長くなり、製造効率が悪くなる場合がある。１５０質量部を超えると内面の硬化が速くなり、遠心力成形体内面に波が生じる場合がある。 The amount of the fine aggregate used is preferably 50 to 150 parts by mass, more preferably 80 to 120 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement. If it is less than 50 parts by mass, the finishing time becomes long, and the production efficiency may deteriorate. If it exceeds 150 parts by mass, the curing of the inner surface is accelerated, and waves may be generated on the inner surface of the centrifugal force molded body.
本発明の遠心力成形コンクリート製品に使用するコンクリートの配合としては、例えば、単位セメント量３００〜７００ｋｇ／ｍ３、単位水量１２０〜１８０ｋｇ／ｍ３、細骨材率３０〜４５％、必要に応じて他の材料を使用し、スランプ２〜２０ｃｍにした配合が挙げられる。 Examples of the composition of concrete used in the centrifugally formed concrete product of the present invention include, for example, a unit cement amount of 300 to 700 kg / m 3 , a unit water amount of 120 to 180 kg / m 3 , a fine aggregate ratio of 30 to 45%, as necessary. And other materials, and a slump of 2 to 20 cm.
本発明の遠心力成形コンクリート製品の製造方法は、例えば、以下の通りである。Ｇは重力加速度を表している。 The method for producing the centrifugally formed concrete product of the present invention is, for example, as follows. G represents gravitational acceleration.
回転台上に型枠を置いて、通常のコンクリートを投入し、低速（Ｇ５×５分）、中速（Ｇ２０×３分）、高速（Ｇ３０×５分）の三段階の遠心力成形条件で遠心力成形体を成形する。成形終了後、遠心力成形体をＧ１０以下で回転し、発生したスラッジを管外に排出させない状態にして、遠心力成形用仕上げ材を投入する。 Put the formwork on the turntable, put the normal concrete, under the three-stage centrifugal force molding conditions of low speed (G5 × 5 minutes), medium speed (G20 × 3 minutes), high speed (G30 × 5 minutes) A centrifugal force molded body is formed. After the molding is completed, the centrifugal force molded body is rotated at G10 or less so that the generated sludge is not discharged to the outside of the pipe, and the centrifugal force molding finishing material is charged.
遠心力成形用仕上げ材の使用量は、スラッジ１００質量部に対して１５０〜２５０質量部が好ましく、１８０〜２２０質量部がより好ましい。１５０質量部未満だと仕上げ時間が長くなり、製造効率が悪くなる場合がある。２５０質量部を超えると内面の硬化が速くなり、遠心力成形体内面に波が生じる場合がある。 150-250 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of sludge, and, as for the usage-amount of the finishing material for centrifugal force shaping | molding, 180-220 mass parts is more preferable. If it is less than 150 parts by mass, the finishing time becomes long, and the production efficiency may deteriorate. When it exceeds 250 parts by mass, the inner surface is hardened, and a wave may be generated on the inner surface of the centrifugal force molded body.
遠心力成形用仕上げ材の投入条件は、Ｇ１０以下が好ましく、Ｇ５以下がより好ましい。Ｇ１０を超えるとスラッジが内面に張り付き、遠心力成形用仕上げ材と良く混ざらず、内面が平滑にならない場合がある。遠心力成形体を仕上げる時に使用する仕上げ棒としては、例えば、通常の金属製の仕上げ棒、先端がヘラ状や櫛状の形状の仕上げ棒を使用する。遠心力成形用仕上げ材が硬化する前に、仕上げとして、刷毛等で内面を均す。遠心力成形用仕上げ材が硬化後、遠心力成形を終了する。 G10 or less is preferable, and G5 or less is more preferable as the input condition of the centrifugal molding material. If it exceeds G10, the sludge sticks to the inner surface and does not mix well with the finishing material for centrifugal force molding, and the inner surface may not be smooth. As a finishing rod used when finishing a centrifugal force molded body, for example, a normal metal finishing rod and a finishing rod having a spatula or comb-like tip are used. Before the centrifugal molding finish is cured, the inner surface is smoothed with a brush or the like as a finish. After the centrifugal molding material is cured, the centrifugal molding is finished.
特記しない限り、試験は温度２０℃で実施した。先ず、表１に示す配合のコンクリートを遊星型強制練りミキサ（容量５０リットル）で３分間練混ぜ、３０リットル分のコンクリートを作製した。そのコンクリートを、遠心力成形用試験体（直径２０ｃｍ×長さ３０ｃｍ×厚さ４ｃｍ）に投入し、遠心力の低速（Ｇ５×５分）、中速（Ｇ２０×２分）、高速（Ｇ３０×５分）の三段階の遠心力成形条件で成形した。その後、遠心力を低速（Ｇ５）に減速し、セメント１００質量部、細骨材１００質量部、表２に示す最大粒径の微粉材１００質量部及び急結剤１０質量部からなる遠心力成形用仕上げ材を以下の通り投入して内面仕上げを実施した。
発生したスラッジ（固形分濃度約３０質量％）を管外に排出させない状態にして、遠心力成形用仕上げ材をスラッジ１００質量部に対して２００質量部均等に投入し、低速（Ｇ５×５分）で混合し、さらに低速（Ｇ５）で表面の凹凸が一定になるまで締め固めて遠心力成形を終了し、遠心力成形コンクリート製品を製造した。測定結果を表２に示す。
Unless otherwise stated, tests were conducted at a temperature of 20 ° C. First, concrete having the composition shown in Table 1 was mixed for 3 minutes with a planetary forced mixing mixer (capacity 50 liters) to prepare 30 liters of concrete. The concrete is put into a test specimen for centrifugal force forming (diameter 20 cm × length 30 cm × thickness 4 cm), and centrifugal force is low speed (G5 × 5 minutes), medium speed (G20 × 2 minutes), high speed (G30 × Molding was performed under three-stage centrifugal force molding conditions (5 minutes). Thereafter, the centrifugal force is reduced to a low speed (G5), and the centrifugal force molding is composed of 100 parts by mass of cement, 100 parts by mass of fine aggregate, 100 parts by mass of fine powder having the maximum particle size shown in Table 2, and 10 parts by mass of the quick setting agent. Finishing materials were added as follows to finish the inner surface.
The generated sludge (solid content concentration of about 30% by mass) is not discharged out of the pipe, and the centrifugal force forming finish material is evenly added to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of sludge. ), And further compacted at a low speed (G5) until the surface irregularities were constant, and the centrifugal force molding was finished to produce a centrifugally molded concrete product. The measurement results are shown in Table 2.
［使用材料］
セメント：普通ポルトランドセメント（電気化学工業社製）、比重３．１４
微粉材：N６０号硅砂（日瓢鉱業社製）を最大粒径が所定の値になるように粉砕したもの
急結剤ａ：１２ＣａＯ・７Ａｌ２Ｏ３の組成の非晶質、ブレーン５８００ｃｍ2／ｇ
細骨材：天然砂（新潟県姫川水系産）、比重２．６２
粗骨材：砕石（新潟県姫川水系産）、比重２．６４
[Materials used]
Cement: Normal Portland cement (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo), specific gravity 3.14
Fine material: N60 No. Silica sand (produced by Japan Avery Mining Co., Ltd.) as the maximum particle size was pulverized to a predetermined value quick-setting admixture a: amorphous composition of 12CaO · 7Al 2 O 3, Blaine 5800cm 2 / g
Fine aggregate: natural sand (from Himekawa water system, Niigata Prefecture), specific gravity 2.62
Coarse aggregate: Crushed stone (from Himekawa water system, Niigata Prefecture), specific gravity 2.64
［測定方法］
最大粒径：粗骨材や微粉材の粒度分布をＪＩＳ Ａ １１０２に準じて測定することにより得られた累積積算粒度分布において、累積１００質量％に達した粒径を最大粒径とした。
スランプ：ＪＩＳ Ａ １１０１に準じて測定した。
空気量：ＪＩＳ Ａ １１２８に準じて測定した。
スラッジの発生量：遠心力成形終了後に排出されたスラッジの量をメスシリンダを用いて測定した。
波の発生高さ：遠心力成形終了後に、遠心力成形コンクリート製品の内面の波の高さ（凹凸）をノギスを用いて測定した。
仕上げ時間：低速（Ｇ５）で、表面の凹凸が一定になるまで締め固めた時間で示した。
[Measuring method]
Maximum particle size: In the cumulative cumulative particle size distribution obtained by measuring the particle size distribution of coarse aggregate or fine powder according to JIS A 1102, the particle size that reached a cumulative mass of 100% by mass was defined as the maximum particle size.
Slump: Measured according to JIS A 1101.
Air amount: Measured according to JIS A 1128.
Sludge generation amount: The amount of sludge discharged after completion of centrifugal force molding was measured using a graduated cylinder.
Wave generation height: After completion of the centrifugal force molding, the wave height (unevenness) on the inner surface of the centrifugally molded concrete product was measured using calipers.
Finishing time: indicated by the time of compaction at a low speed (G5) until the surface irregularities become constant.
表２より、微粉材の最大粒径が０．３ｍｍ以下だと、スラッジの発生が無く、また、波の発生高さが小さいので内面仕上げが良好な遠心力成形コンクリート製品が得られることが分かる。 From Table 2, it can be seen that when the maximum particle size of the fine powder material is 0.3 mm or less, there is no generation of sludge, and since the generation height of the wave is small, a centrifugally-formed concrete product with good internal finish can be obtained. .
セメント１００質量部、細骨材１００質量部、表３に示す量の最大粒径０．３ｍｍの微粉材及び急結剤からなる遠心力成形用仕上げ材を投入したこと以外は、実施例１と同様に行った。測定結果を表３に示す。
また、実験Ｎｏ．２−１０は、セメントと細骨材を使用せず、最大粒径０．３ｍｍの微粉材１００質量部及び急結剤１０質量部からなる遠心力成形用仕上げ材を使用したものであり、実験Ｎｏ．２−１１は、細骨材を使用せず、セメント１００質量部、最大粒径０．３ｍｍの微粉材１００質量部及び急結剤１０質量部からなる遠心力成形用仕上げ材を使用したものである。
Example 1 except that 100 parts by mass of cement, 100 parts by mass of fine aggregate, a fine powder material having a maximum particle size of 0.3 mm in the amount shown in Table 3 and a finishing material for centrifugal force molding composed of a quick setting agent were added. The same was done. Table 3 shows the measurement results.
In addition, Experiment No. No. 2-10 uses a finishing material for forming a centrifugal force consisting of 100 parts by mass of a fine powder with a maximum particle size of 0.3 mm and 10 parts by mass of a quick setting agent without using cement and fine aggregate. No. No. 2-11 uses a centrifugal molding material that does not use fine aggregates and consists of 100 parts by mass of cement, 100 parts by mass of fine powder with a maximum particle size of 0.3 mm, and 10 parts by mass of rapid setting agent. is there.
表３より、微粉材を使用することにより、スラッジの発生量が少なくでき、遠心力成形による仕上げができる。微粉材を適量使用することにより、波の発生高さをが小さくできることが分かる。
また、微粉材及び急結剤からなる遠心力成形用仕上げ材（実験Ｎｏ．２−１０）を使用すると、セメントと細骨材を使用しなくても、実験Ｎｏ．２−１よりも、スラッジの発生量を少なくでき、仕上げ時間が短くできる。さらに、遠心力成形用仕上げ材にセメントを含有させる（実験Ｎｏ．２−１１）と、実験Ｎｏ．２−１０よりも、スラッジの発生量をより少なくでき、仕上げ時間をより短くできることが分かる。
From Table 3, by using a fine powder material, the amount of sludge generated can be reduced and finishing by centrifugal force molding can be achieved. It can be seen that by using an appropriate amount of fine powder material, the height of wave generation can be reduced.
In addition, when a centrifugal force forming finishing material (experiment No. 2-10) composed of a fine powder material and a quick setting agent is used, even if no cement and fine aggregate are used, the experiment No. The amount of sludge generated can be reduced and the finishing time can be shortened compared to 2-1. Furthermore, when cement is contained in the finishing material for centrifugal molding (Experiment No. 2-11), It can be seen that the amount of sludge generated can be reduced and the finishing time can be shortened compared to 2-10.
セメント１００質量部、細骨材１００質量部、最大粒径０．３ｍｍの微粉材１００質量部及び表４に示す量の急結剤からなる遠心力成形用仕上げ材を投入したこと以外は、実施例１と同様に行った。測定結果を表４に示す。 Except that 100 parts by weight of cement, 100 parts by weight of fine aggregate, 100 parts by weight of fine powder with a maximum particle size of 0.3 mm, and a finishing material for centrifugal force molding consisting of the rapid setting agent in the amount shown in Table 4 were implemented. Performed as in Example 1. Table 4 shows the measurement results.
［使用材料］
急結剤ｂ：硫酸アルミニウム、硫酸アルミニウム１８水塩（工業用）、市販品
急結剤ｃ：ミョウバン類、カリウムミョウバン乾燥物（食品用）、市販品
急結剤ｄ：３ＣａＯ・３Ａｌ２Ｏ３・ＣａＦ２の組成に対応、非晶質、ブレーン５８００ｃｍ2／ｇ
[Materials used]
Quick setting agent b: Aluminum sulfate, aluminum sulfate 18 hydrate (for industrial use), commercial product quick setting agent c: alum, dried potassium alum (for food), commercial product quick setting agent d: 3CaO 3Al 2 O 3 Corresponding to the composition of CaF 2 , amorphous, brane 5800 cm 2 / g
表４により、急結剤を使用することにより、スラッジの発生量が少なくでき、遠心力成形による仕上げができ、波の発生高さを小さくできることが分かる。
また、カルシウムアルミネート以外の急結剤を使用しても同様の結果が得られるが、急結剤の中では、仕上げ時間が短くできる点で、カルシウムアルミネートが好ましいことが分かる。
From Table 4, it can be seen that by using a quick setting agent, the amount of sludge generated can be reduced, finishing by centrifugal force molding can be performed, and the height of wave generation can be reduced.
Moreover, although the same result is acquired even if it uses quick setting agents other than calcium aluminate, it turns out that calcium aluminate is preferable at the point which can shorten finishing time in quick setting agents.
遠心力を低速（表５に示す重力加速度）に減速し、セメント１００質量部、細骨材１００質量部、最大粒径０．３ｍｍの微粉材１００質量部及び急結剤１０質量部からなる遠心力成形用仕上げ材を投入して内面仕上げを実施したこと以外は、実施例１と同様に行った。測定結果を表５に示す。 Centrifugal force is reduced to a low speed (gravity acceleration shown in Table 5), and consists of 100 parts by mass of cement, 100 parts by mass of fine aggregate, 100 parts by mass of fine powder with a maximum particle size of 0.3 mm, and 10 parts by mass of rapid setting agent. The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the finishing material for force forming was added and the inner surface was finished. Table 5 shows the measurement results.
表５により、遠心力成形用仕上げ材の投入条件を５Ｇ以下にすることにより、スラッジの発生量が少なくでき、波の発生高さを小さくできることが分かる。 From Table 5, it can be seen that the amount of sludge generated can be reduced and the wave generation height can be reduced by setting the centrifugal molding material finishing condition to 5 G or less.
本発明の遠心力成形用仕上げ材は、スラッジの発生量を低減することができ、遠心力成形コンクリート製品に幅広く適用できる。
The finishing material for centrifugal force molding of the present invention can reduce the amount of sludge generated, and can be widely applied to centrifugally formed concrete products.
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