JP4691087B2 - Electric motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention includes an annular stator arranged so as to surround an axis, a first rotor rotatable around the axis, and a second rotor arranged between the stator and the first rotor and rotatable around the axis. It is related with the electric motor provided with.

  As a conventional electric motor, for example, one described in Patent Document 1 below is known. This electric motor has an inner rotor, a stator, and an outer rotor. The inner rotor has a cylindrical shape in which a plurality of permanent magnets slightly extending in the radial direction are arranged in the circumferential direction, and the stator surrounds a plurality of armatures. The outer rotor is formed in a cylindrical shape by winding a coil around a core in which a plurality of rings are stacked, so that no power is supplied to the coil. It has become. The inner rotor, the stator, and the outer rotor are provided in order from the inside and are relatively rotatable.

In this motor, when electric power is supplied to the stator to generate a rotating magnetic field, the inner rotor rotates in synchronization with the rotating magnetic field because the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet of the inner rotor attracts and repels the magnetic pole of the stator. The outer rotor rotates without being synchronized with the rotating magnetic field by electromagnetic induction.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-341757

  By the way, since the conventional electric motor rotates the outer rotor by electromagnetic induction action, it functions as an induction machine rather than a synchronous machine, and there is a problem that high efficiency cannot be obtained. Since the outer rotor is rotated by electromagnetic induction, the outer rotor generates heat due to the induced current generated in the outer rotor coil and the eddy current generated in the core of the outer rotor. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the outer rotor. It was.

  In order to solve such a problem, the present applicant has proposed a new electric motor according to Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-026422.

  This electric motor includes an annular stator arranged so as to surround the axis, an inner rotor rotatable around the axis, and an outer rotor arranged between the stator and the inner rotor and rotatable around the axis. The stator includes a plurality of first armatures, a first armature row that generates a first rotating magnetic field that rotates along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of second armatures that are circumferentially configured. And a second armature row that generates a second rotating magnetic field that rotates along with the inner rotor. The inner rotor includes a first permanent magnet row composed of a plurality of first permanent magnets and a plurality of second permanent magnets. A second permanent magnet array composed of magnets is juxtaposed, and the outer rotor has a first induction magnetic pole array composed of a plurality of first induction magnetic poles made of soft magnetic material and a plurality of soft magnetic materials made of soft magnetic material. Of the second induction magnetic pole An induction magnetic pole array is juxtaposed in the axial direction, and the first armature array and the first permanent magnet array are opposed to the both sides in the radial direction of the first induction magnetic pole array. The second armature row and the second permanent magnet row are respectively opposed to each other.

  However, in the electric motor proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-026422, the phase of the first armature row and the phase of the second armature row of the stator are shifted by a half pitch (electrical angle 90 °). There was a problem that the structure of the stator was complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to simplify the structure of a stator of an electric motor including an armature array that generates a rotating magnetic field.

  To achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, an annular stator arranged to surround the axis, a first rotor rotatable around the axis, the stator and the first An electric motor including a second rotor disposed between the rotors and rotatable about an axis, wherein the stator is composed of a plurality of first armatures disposed in a circumferential direction and is accompanied by supply of electric power. A first armature row that generates a first rotating magnetic field that rotates along a circumferential direction by magnetic poles generated in the plurality of first armatures, and a plurality of second armatures arranged in the circumferential direction. A second armature array configured to generate a second rotating magnetic field that rotates along the circumferential direction by magnetic poles generated in the plurality of second armatures with the supply of electric power is juxtaposed in the axial direction. The first rotor intersects with a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. A plurality of first permanent magnets arranged so as to have magnetic poles of different polarities, and a plurality of first permanent magnets arranged so as to have magnetic poles of different polarities alternately at the predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. And a second permanent magnet array configured by arranging two permanent magnets in parallel with each other in the axial direction, and the second rotor is a plurality of soft magnetic bodies arranged at the predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. A first induction magnetic pole array composed of one induction magnetic pole and a second induction magnetic pole array composed of a plurality of second induction magnetic poles made of soft magnetic material arranged at the predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction are arranged in the axial direction. The first armature row and the first permanent magnet row face each other on both sides in the radial direction of the first induction magnetic pole row, and the second electric machine on each side in the radial direction of the second induction pole row. The child row and the second permanent magnet row face each other, and the stator of the stator The phase of the rotating magnetic field and the phase of the second rotating magnetic field are made to coincide with each other, and the phase of the first induction magnetic pole and the phase of the second induction magnetic pole of the second rotor are mutually in the circumferential direction. An electric motor is proposed in which the phase is shifted by half the pitch, and the phase of the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet row and the phase of the second permanent magnet row of the first rotor are shifted in the circumferential direction by the predetermined pitch. The

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the annular stator arranged to surround the axis, the first rotor rotatable around the axis, and the axis arranged between the stator and the first rotor. An electric motor including a second rotor rotatable around the stator, wherein the stator includes a plurality of armatures arranged in a circumferential direction, and is generated in the plurality of armatures when electric power is supplied. The first rotor includes a plurality of first permanent magnets having magnetic poles having different polarities alternately at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. A first permanent magnet array configured by arranging magnets, and a second permanent magnet configured by arranging a plurality of second permanent magnets so as to have magnetic poles having different polarities alternately at the predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction Juxtaposed with each other in the axial direction The second rotor is arranged at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction, and a first induction magnetic pole row composed of a plurality of soft magnetic first induction magnetic poles arranged at the predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. A plurality of second induction magnetic poles made of soft magnetic material and arranged side by side in the axial direction, and the armature strings and The first permanent magnet rows face each other, the armature rows and the second permanent magnet rows face each other on both radial sides of the second induction magnetic pole row, and the phase and first phase of the first induction magnetic pole of the second rotor The phases of the two induction magnetic poles are shifted from each other by half of the predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction, and the phases of the magnetic poles of the first permanent magnet row and the second permanent magnet row of the first rotor are changed in the circumferential direction. An electric motor characterized by being shifted by a predetermined pitch has been proposed. That.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the configuration of claim 1 or 2, a plurality of slits extending linearly in the axial direction are formed in the cylindrical rotor body of the second rotor. A motor is proposed in which the first and second induction magnetic poles are fitted in the slits.

  The outer rotor 13 of the embodiment corresponds to the second rotor of the present invention, the inner rotor 14 of the embodiment corresponds to the first rotor of the present invention, and the first and second stators 12L, 12L, 12R corresponds to the stator of the present invention.

  According to the configuration of the first aspect, the electric motor includes the annular stator that generates the first and second rotating magnetic fields by the first and second armature rows arranged so as to surround the axis, and the first and second permanents. A first rotor having first and second permanent magnet rows composed of magnets and rotatable about an axis, and a first rotor composed of first and second induction magnetic poles disposed between the stator and the first rotor. 1. A second rotor having a second induction magnetic pole row and rotatable about an axis is provided, and the first armature row and the first permanent magnet row are respectively opposed to both radial sides of the first induction magnetic pole row. Since the second armature row and the second permanent magnet row are opposed to the both sides in the radial direction of the second induction magnetic pole row, respectively, the first and second rotating magnetic fields are controlled by controlling the energization to the first and second armatures. The first and second armatures, the first and second permanent magnets, and the first and second inductions Forming a magnetic path passing through the poles can be rotated one or both of the first rotor and the second rotor.

  At this time, the phases of the first and second induction magnetic poles of the second rotor are shifted from each other by a half of a predetermined pitch, and the phases of the magnetic poles of the first and second permanent magnet rows of the first rotor are shifted from each other by a predetermined pitch. As a result, the phases of the first and second rotating magnetic fields of the stator can be made to coincide with each other, whereby the first and second armature rows can be arranged in the same phase, and the structure of the stator is simplified. Can be

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the electric motor includes an annular stator that generates a rotating magnetic field by an armature array arranged so as to surround the axis, and first and second permanent magnet arrays each composed of a permanent magnet. A first rotor that is rotatable about an axis, and is disposed between the stator and the first rotor, and has first and second induction magnetic pole rows composed of first and second induction magnetic poles, and is arranged around the axis. A second rotor that can rotate, the armature rows and the first permanent magnet rows are opposed to both sides in the radial direction of the first induction magnetic pole row, and the armature rows are arranged on both sides in the radial direction of the second induction magnetic pole row. Since the second permanent magnet rows are opposed to each other, the current passing through the armature, the first and second permanent magnets, and the first and second induction magnetic poles is controlled by controlling the energization of the armature and rotating the rotating magnetic field. Forming a path and having one of a first rotor and a second rotor It can be rotated both.

  At this time, the phases of the first and second induction magnetic poles of the second rotor are shifted from each other by a half of a predetermined pitch, and the phases of the magnetic poles of the first and second permanent magnet rows of the first rotor are shifted from each other by a predetermined pitch. Thus, the polarity of the rotating magnetic field of the stator with respect to the first induction magnetic pole and the first permanent magnet can be matched with the polarity of the rotating magnetic field of the stator with respect to the second induction magnetic pole and the second permanent magnet. It is possible to reduce the number of the stator by one, and the structure of the stator can be simplified.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the first and second induction magnetic poles are fitted into the plurality of slits provided in the rotor body of the second rotor so as to extend in the axial direction. Easy assembly of magnetic poles.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 to 15 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view of the electric motor as viewed in the axial direction (a view taken along line 1-1 in FIG. 2), and FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. Is an exploded perspective view of the electric motor, FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the inner rotor, FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of 9 part of FIG. 3, and FIG. 10 is a circumferential view of the electric motor. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the operation when the inner rotor is fixed (part 1), FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the operation when the inner rotor is fixed (part 2), and FIG. Fig. 14 is an operation explanatory diagram when the outer rotor is fixed (Part 3), Fig. 14 is an operation explanatory diagram when the outer rotor is fixed (No. 1), and Fig. 15 is an operation explanatory diagram when the outer rotor is fixed. Illustration (Part 2).

  As shown in FIG. 7, the electric motor M of the present embodiment includes a casing 11 having a short octagonal cylindrical shape in the direction of the axis L, and annular first and second stators 12 </ b> L fixed to the inner periphery of the casing 11. 12R, a cylindrical outer rotor 13 that is housed in the first and second stators 12L, 12R and rotates about the axis L, and a cylindrical outer rotor 13 that is housed in the outer rotor 13 and rotates about the axis L The outer rotor 13 and the inner rotor 14 are rotatable relative to the fixed first and second stators 12L and 12R, and the outer rotor 13 and the inner rotor 14 are mutually connected. Relative rotation is possible.

  As is apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, the casing 11 includes a bottomed octagonal cylindrical main body portion 15 and an octagonal plate-like lid portion 17 fixed to the opening of the main body portion 15 with a plurality of bolts 16. A plurality of openings 15a... 17a for ventilation are formed in the main body 15 and the lid 17.

  As is apparent from FIGS. 1 to 4 and 7, the first and second stators 12L and 12R are obtained by superimposing the same structure in the circumferential direction so as to overlap each other. The structure will be described taking the stator 12L as an example. The first stator 12L includes a plurality of (in the embodiment, 24) first armatures 21L ... around which coils 20 are wound around an outer periphery of a core 18 made of laminated steel plates via an insulator 19. The first armatures 21L are integrated by a ring-shaped holder 22 in a state of being coupled in the circumferential direction so as to form an annular shape as a whole. A flange 22a protruding in a radial direction from one end in the axis L direction of the holder 22 is fixed to a step portion 15b (see FIG. 2) on the inner surface of the main body portion 15 of the casing 11 with a plurality of bolts 23.

  Like the first stator 12L described above, the second stator 12R includes 24 second armatures 21R..., And the flange 22a of the holder 22 is a step 15c (see FIG. 15) on the inner surface of the main body 15 of the casing 11. 2) with a plurality of bolts 24. At this time, the phases in the circumferential direction of the first stator 12L and the second stator 12R coincide (see FIGS. 3 and 4). The first and second armatures 21L, 21R,... Of the first and second stators 12L, 12R to 3 terminals 25, 26, 27 (see FIG. 1) 3 provided on the main body 15 of the casing 11. By supplying the phase alternating current, rotating magnetic fields having the same phase can be generated in the first and second stators 12L and 12R.

  As is apparent from FIGS. 2 and 7, the outer rotor 13 includes a rotor body 31 that is formed of a weak magnetic material in a cylindrical shape, and a disk shape that is formed of a weak magnetic material and has openings at both ends of the rotor body 31. A hollow member having two rotor covers 33, 33 fixed by bolts 32 so as to cover, a first outer rotor shaft 34 protruding on the axis L from the center of one rotor cover 33 is provided. A second outer rotor shaft 36 that is rotatably supported by the main body portion 15 of the casing 11 by the ball bearing 35 and projects on the axis L from the center of the other rotor cover 33 is the lid portion 17 of the casing 11 by the ball bearing 37. Is supported rotatably. A first outer rotor shaft 34 serving as an output shaft of the outer rotor 13 extends through the main body portion 15 of the casing 11 to the outside.

  The weak magnetic material is a material that is not attracted to the magnet, and includes, for example, resin and wood in addition to aluminum and the like, and is sometimes called a non-magnetic material.

  2, 6, and 7, a plurality of (20 in the embodiment) slits 31 a extending in parallel with the axis L are formed on one end surface in the axis L direction of the rotor body 31 of the outer rotor 13. Are formed so as to communicate with the inside and outside in the radial direction, and a plurality of (20 in the embodiment) slits 31b extending in parallel to the axis L are provided on the other end surface in the axis L direction of the rotor body 31 in the radial direction. It is formed so as to communicate with the inside and outside. The one slit 31a ... and the other slit 31b ... are out of phase so that they are alternately arranged.

  The first induction magnetic poles 38L made of soft magnetic material are inserted and embedded in the direction of the axis L in one slit 31a, and the second induction magnetic poles 38R made of soft magnetic material are axially inserted in the other slit 31b. It is inserted and embedded in the L direction, and is held in the slits 31a..., 31b. The first and second induction magnetic poles 38L, 38R,... Are made of steel plates laminated in the direction of the axis L.

  The first and second induction magnetic poles 38L, 38R, ... are fitted and held in a plurality of slits 38a, 38b, ... provided in the rotor body 31 so as to extend in the axis L direction. 1. Assembling of the second induction magnetic poles 38L,. In addition, the first and second induction magnetic poles 38L, 38R, ... are engaged with the slits 31a, ..., 31b ... (see FIG. 9), so that they do not fall out of the rotor body 31 in the radial direction.

  As is clear from FIG. 2, a first resolver 42 for detecting the rotational position of the outer rotor 13 is provided so as to surround the second outer rotor shaft 36 of the outer rotor 13. The first resolver 42 includes a resolver rotor 43 fixed to the outer periphery of the second outer rotor shaft 36 and a resolver stator 44 fixed to the lid portion 17 of the casing 11 so as to surround the resolver rotor 43. The

  As apparent from FIGS. 2 to 5 and 8, the inner rotor 14 includes a rotor body 45 formed in a cylindrical shape, and an inner rotor shaft 47 that passes through a hub 45 a of the rotor body 45 and is fixed by bolts 46. And annular first and second rotor cores 48 </ b> L and 48 </ b> R that are made of laminated steel plates and are fitted to the outer periphery of the rotor body 45, and an annular spacer 49 that is fitted to the outer periphery of the rotor body 45. One end of the inner rotor shaft 47 is rotatably supported by the ball bearing 50 inside the first outer rotor shaft 34 on the axis L, and the other end of the inner rotor shaft 47 is placed inside the second outer rotor shaft 36 by a ball bearing. While being rotatably supported by 51, it passes through the second outer rotor shaft 36 and the lid portion 17 of the casing 11 and extends outside the casing 11 as an output shaft of the inner rotor 14.

  The first and second rotor cores 48L and 48R fitted to the outer periphery of the rotor body 45 have the same structure, and a plurality (20 in the embodiment) of permanent magnet support holes 48a. 3 and FIG. 4), and first and second permanent magnets 52L... 52R are press-fitted in the direction of the axis L. The polarities of the adjacent first permanent magnets 52L of the first rotor core 48L are alternately reversed, the polarities of the adjacent second permanent magnets 52R of the second rotor core 48R are alternately reversed, and the first rotor core The circumferential direction phase and polarity of the 48L first permanent magnets 52L ... and the circumferential direction phase and polarity of the second permanent magnets 52R ... of the second rotor core 48R are mutually offset so as to be shifted by 180 ° in electrical angle. They match (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

  A weak magnetic spacer 49 is fitted in the center of the outer circumference of the rotor body 45 in the axis L direction, and a pair of inner permanent magnet support plates 53 that prevent the first and second permanent magnets 52L, 52R,. , 53 are fitted to each other, the first and second rotor cores 48L, 48R are fitted to the outer sides thereof, and the first and second permanent magnets 52L, 52R,. Magnet support plates 54 and 54 are respectively fitted, and a pair of stopper rings 55 and 55 are fixed to the outside by press-fitting.

  As apparent from FIG. 2, a second resolver 56 for detecting the rotational position of the inner rotor 14 is provided so as to surround the inner rotor shaft 47. The second resolver 56 includes a resolver rotor 57 fixed to the outer periphery of the inner rotor shaft 47 and a resolver stator 58 fixed to the lid portion 17 of the casing 11 so as to surround the resolver rotor 57.

  9, the first armature of the first stator 12L is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first induction magnetic pole 38L ... exposed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer rotor 13 through a slight air gap α. The outer peripheral surface of the first rotor core 48L of the inner rotor 14 is opposed to the inner peripheral surface of the first induction magnetic pole 38L ... exposed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer rotor 13 through a slight air gap β. The faces are opposite. Similarly, the inner peripheral surface of the second armature 21R of the second stator 12R is opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the second induction magnetic poles 38R exposed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer rotor 13 through a slight air gap α. The outer peripheral surface of the second rotor core 48R of the inner rotor 14 faces the inner peripheral surface of the second induction magnetic poles 38R... Exposed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer rotor 13 with a slight air gap β.

  Next, the operation principle of the electric motor M according to the first embodiment having the above configuration will be described.

  FIG. 10 schematically shows a state where the electric motor M is developed in the circumferential direction. The first and second permanent magnets 52L, 52R,... Of the inner rotor 14 are respectively shown on the left and right sides of FIG. The first and second permanent magnets 52L, 52R,... Are arranged with N and S poles alternately at a predetermined pitch P in the circumferential direction (vertical direction in FIG. 10), and in the axis L direction (left and right in FIG. 10). Are arranged so that the polarities of the first permanent magnets 52L facing each other and the polarities of the second permanent magnets 52R facing each other are reversed.

  10, virtual permanent magnets 21 corresponding to the first and second armatures 21L, 21R,... Of the first and second stators 12L, 12R are arranged at a predetermined pitch P in the circumferential direction. Actually, the number of first and second armatures 21L, 21R,... Of the first and second stators 12L, 12R is 24, and the first and second permanent magnets 52L, 52R of the inner rotor 14 are each. Since the number of... Is 20, each, the pitch of the first and second armatures 21L, 21R,... Does not coincide with the pitch P of the first, second permanent magnets 52L, 52R,. .

  However, since the first and second armatures 21L,..., 21R each form a rotating magnetic field, the first and second armatures 21L,. It can be replaced with 20 virtual permanent magnets 21. Hereinafter, the first and second armatures 21L, 21R,... Are referred to as first, second virtual magnetic poles 21L, 21R,. The polarities of the first and second virtual magnetic poles 21L, 21R,... Of the virtual permanent magnets 21 ... adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are alternately reversed, and the first virtual magnetic poles 21L ... The two virtual magnetic poles 21R have the same polarity and are aligned in the axial direction L.

  The first and second induction magnetic poles 38L, 38R,... Of the outer rotor 13 are arranged between the first and second permanent magnets 52L, 52R,. The first and second induction magnetic poles 38L, 38R,... Are arranged at a pitch P in the circumferential direction, and the first induction magnetic poles 38L, ... and the second induction magnetic poles 38R, ... are displaced by half the pitch P in the circumferential direction. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 10, when the polarity of the first virtual magnetic pole 21 </ b> L of the virtual permanent magnet 21 is different from the polarity of the first permanent magnet 52 </ b> L facing (closest) to the first virtual magnetic pole 21 </ b> R of the virtual permanent magnet 21. The polarity is the same as the polarity of the second permanent magnet 52R facing (closest) to it. When the polarity of the second virtual magnetic pole 21R of the virtual permanent magnet 21 is different from the polarity of the second permanent magnet 52R facing (closest), the polarity of the first virtual magnetic pole 21L of the virtual permanent magnet 21 faces it. It becomes the same as the polarity of the (closest) first permanent magnet 52L (see FIG. 12G).

  First, the first and second stators 12L and 12R (first and second virtual magnetic poles 21L... 21R...) With the inner rotor 14 (first and second permanent magnets 52L... 52R...) Fixed in a non-rotatable state. ) To generate a rotating magnetic field, the operation when the outer rotor 13 (first and second induction magnetic poles 38L..., 38R...) Is rotationally driven will be described. In this case, it is fixed in the order of FIG. 11 (A) → FIG. 11 (B) → FIG. 11 (C) → FIG. 11 (D) → FIG. 12 (E) → FIG. 12 (F) → FIG. The virtual permanent magnets 21 ... rotate downward in the figure relative to the first and second permanent magnets 52L ... 52R ..., whereby the first and second induction magnetic poles 38L ... 38R ... rotate downward in the figure. .

  As shown in FIG. 11A, the first induction magnetic poles 38L are aligned and opposed to the first virtual magnetic poles 21L of the first permanent magnets 52L. The virtual permanent magnets 21 are rotated downward in the figure from the state where the second induction magnetic poles 38R are shifted by a half pitch P / 2 with respect to the two virtual magnetic poles 21R and the second permanent magnets 52R. At the start of the rotation, the polarities of the first virtual magnetic poles 21L ... of the virtual permanent magnets 21 ... are different from the polarities of the first permanent magnets 52L ... opposite thereto, and the second virtual magnetic poles 21R of the virtual permanent magnets 21 ... The polarity of... Is the same as the polarity of the second permanent magnet 52R.

  Since the first induction magnetic poles 38L are arranged between the first permanent magnets 52L ... and the first virtual magnetic poles 21L ... of the virtual permanent magnets 21 ..., the first induction magnetic poles 38L ... are arranged as the first permanent magnets 52L ... The first magnetic lines G1 are generated between the first permanent magnets 52L, the first induction magnetic poles 38L, and the first virtual magnetic poles 21L. Similarly, since the second induction magnetic poles 38R are disposed between the second virtual magnetic poles 21R and the second permanent magnets 52R, the second induction magnetic poles 38R are the second virtual magnetic poles 21R and the second permanent magnets 52R. Are magnetized, and second magnetic lines of force G2 are generated between the second virtual magnetic poles 21R, second induction magnetic poles 38R, and second permanent magnets 52R.

  In the state shown in FIG. 11A, the first magnetic lines of force G1 are generated so as to connect the first permanent magnets 52L, the first induction magnetic poles 38L, and the first virtual magnetic poles 21L, and the second magnetic lines of force G2 are circular. Each of the two second permanent magnets 52R... Adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction so as to connect each of the two second virtual magnetic poles 21R... Adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and the second induction magnetic pole 38R. It is generated so as to connect the second induction magnetic poles 38R. As a result, in this state, a magnetic circuit as shown in FIG. In this state, since the first magnetic lines of force G1 are linear, no magnetic force that rotates in the circumferential direction acts on the first induction magnetic poles 38L. Further, the bending degree and the total magnetic flux amount of the two second magnetic lines G2 between each of the two second virtual magnetic poles 21R ... and the second induction magnetic poles 38R ... adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are equal to each other, and similarly in the circumferential direction. The bending degree and the total magnetic flux amount of the two second magnetic lines of force G2 between the two adjacent second permanent magnets 52R and the second induction magnetic poles 38R are also equal and balanced. Therefore, a magnetic force that rotates in the circumferential direction does not act on the second induction magnetic poles 38R.

  When the virtual permanent magnets 21 rotate from the position shown in FIG. 11A to the position shown in FIG. 11B, the second virtual magnetic poles 21R, the second induction magnetic poles 38R, and the second permanent magnets 52R. The second magnetic field lines G2 that are connected are generated, and the first magnetic field lines G1 between the first induction magnetic poles 38L and the first virtual magnetic poles 21L are bent. Accordingly, a magnetic circuit as shown in FIG. 13B is configured by the first and second magnetic lines of force G1, G2.

  In this state, although the degree of bending of the first magnetic lines of force G1 is small, the total magnetic flux amount is large, so that a relatively strong magnetic force acts on the first induction magnetic poles 38L. As a result, the first induction magnetic poles 38L are driven with a relatively large driving force in the rotation direction of the virtual permanent magnets 21, that is, the magnetic field rotation direction, and as a result, the outer rotor 13 rotates in the magnetic field rotation direction. Further, although the degree of bending of the second magnetic lines of force G2 is large, the total magnetic flux amount is small, so that a relatively weak magnetic force acts on the second induction magnetic poles 38R, so that the second induction magnetic poles 38R are relatively in the magnetic field rotation direction. Driven with a small driving force, the outer rotor 13 rotates in the direction of magnetic field rotation.

  Next, when the virtual permanent magnet 21 is sequentially rotated from the position shown in FIG. 11B to the positions shown in FIGS. 11C, 11D, 12E, and 12F, the first induction magnetic pole 38L. ... and the second induction magnetic poles 38R are driven in the direction of magnetic field rotation by the magnetic force caused by the first and second magnetic lines of force G1, G2, respectively. As a result, the outer rotor 13 rotates in the direction of magnetic field rotation. In the meantime, the magnetic force acting on the first induction magnetic poles 38L is gradually weakened by decreasing the total magnetic flux amount, although the bending degree of the first magnetic lines G1 is increased. The driving force for driving in the direction gradually decreases. Further, the magnetic force acting on the second induction magnetic poles 38R is gradually increased as the total magnetic flux amount is increased, although the degree of bending of the second magnetic lines G2 is reduced, and the second induction magnetic poles 38R are made to move in the magnetic field rotation direction. The driving force to drive gradually increases.

  And while the virtual permanent magnet 21 rotates from the position shown in FIG. 12 (E) to the position shown in FIG. 12 (F), the second magnetic line of force G2 is bent and the total magnetic flux amount is close to the maximum. As a result, the strongest magnetic force acts on the second induction magnetic poles 38R, and the driving force acting on the second induction magnetic poles 38R is maximized. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 12 (G), the virtual permanent magnet 21 is rotated by the pitch P from the initial position of FIG. 11 (A), whereby the first, second virtual magnetic poles 21L,. When 21R rotates to a position opposite to the first and second permanent magnets 52L, 52R, respectively, the state shown in FIG. 11A is reversed from side to side, and the outer rotor 13 is moved in the circumferential direction only at that moment. The rotating magnetic force stops working.

  When the virtual permanent magnet 21 further rotates from this state, the first and second induction magnetic poles 38L, 38R,... Are driven in the magnetic field rotation direction by the magnetic force caused by the first and second magnetic lines G1, G2. The rotor 13 rotates in the magnetic field rotation direction. At that time, while the virtual permanent magnet 21 rotates again to the position shown in FIG. 11A, the magnetic force acting on the first induction magnetic poles 38L... However, as the total amount of magnetic flux increases, the strength increases and the driving force acting on the first induction magnetic poles 38L increases. On the contrary, the magnetic force acting on the second induction magnetic poles 38R... Is weakened by decreasing the total magnetic flux amount, although the bending degree of the second magnetic lines G2 is increased, and the driving force acting on the second induction magnetic poles 38R. Becomes smaller.

  11A and 12G, as the virtual permanent magnet 21 rotates by the pitch P, the first and second induction magnetic poles 38L... 38R. Since it rotates only by the pitch P / 2, the outer rotor 13 rotates at a speed that is 1/2 of the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field of the first and second stators 12L, 12R. This is because the first and second induction magnetic poles 38L,..., 38R... Are connected to the first permanent magnet 52L. This is to rotate while maintaining a state of being located in the middle of the first virtual magnetic pole 21L, and in the middle of the second permanent magnet 52R connected by the second magnetic field line G2 and the second virtual magnetic pole 21R.

  Next, the operation of the electric motor M when the inner rotor 14 is rotated while the outer rotor 13 is fixed will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.

  First, as shown in FIG. 14A, the first induction magnetic poles 38L are opposed to the first permanent magnets 52L, and the second induction magnetic poles 38R are adjacent to each other two second permanent magnets 52R. .., The first and second rotating magnetic fields are rotated downward in the figure. At the start of the rotation, the polarities of the first virtual magnetic poles 21L ... are made different from the polarities of the first permanent magnets 52L ... facing each other, and the polarities of the second virtual magnetic poles 21R ... The same as the polarity of the two permanent magnets 52R.

  From this state, when the virtual permanent magnets 21 are rotated to the positions shown in FIG. 14B, the first magnetic lines G1 between the first induction magnetic poles 38L and the first virtual magnetic poles 21L are bent, and As the second virtual magnetic poles 21R approach the second induction magnetic poles 38R, second magnetic lines G2 that connect the second virtual magnetic poles 21R, second induction magnetic poles 38R, and second permanent magnets 52R are generated. As a result, in the first and second permanent magnets 52L, 52R, the virtual permanent magnet 21, and the first and second induction magnetic poles 38L, 38R, the magnetic circuit as shown in FIG. Composed.

  In this state, although the total magnetic flux of the first magnetic lines G1 between the first permanent magnets 52L and the first induction magnetic poles 38L is high, the first magnetic lines G1 are straight, so the first induction magnetic poles 38L. However, no magnetic force is generated to rotate the first permanent magnets 52L. Further, since the distance between the second permanent magnets 52R ... and the second virtual magnetic poles 21R ... having different polarities is relatively long, the second magnetic field lines between the second induction magnetic poles 38R ... and the second permanent magnets 52R ... Although the total magnetic flux amount of G2 is relatively small, the bending degree is large, so that a magnetic force is applied to the second permanent magnets 52R, so as to bring them close to the second induction magnetic poles 38R. As a result, the second permanent magnets 52R are driven together with the first permanent magnets 52L in the rotation direction of the virtual permanent magnets 21, that is, in the direction opposite to the magnetic field rotation direction (upward in FIG. 14). Rotate toward the position shown in As a result, the inner rotor 14 rotates in the direction opposite to the magnetic field rotation direction.

  And while the 1st, 2nd permanent magnet 52L ..., 52R ... rotates toward the position shown in FIG.14 (C) from the position shown in FIG.14 (B), the virtual permanent magnet 21 ... is shown in FIG.14 (D). Rotate toward the position shown in As described above, as the second permanent magnets 52R approach the second induction magnetic poles 38R ..., the degree of bending of the second magnetic lines G2 between the second induction magnetic poles 38R ... and the second permanent magnets 52R ... becomes small. However, as the virtual permanent magnets 21 further approach the second induction magnetic poles 38R, the total magnetic flux amount of the second magnetic lines of force G2 increases. As a result, in this case as well, a magnetic force is applied to the second permanent magnets 52R... So as to bring them closer to the second induction magnetic poles 38R, thereby causing the second permanent magnets 52R. .. And the magnetic field rotation direction.

  Further, as the first permanent magnets 52L rotate in the direction opposite to the magnetic field rotation direction, the first permanent magnetic lines G1 between the first permanent magnets 52L ... and the first induction magnetic poles 38L ... A magnetic force is applied to the magnets 52L to bring them close to the first induction magnetic poles 38L. However, in this state, the magnetic force caused by the first magnetic field line G1 is weaker than the magnetic force caused by the second magnetic field line G2 because the degree of bending of the first magnetic field line G1 is smaller than that of the second magnetic field line G2. As a result, the second permanent magnets 52R are driven together with the first permanent magnets 52L in a direction opposite to the magnetic field rotation direction by the magnetic force corresponding to the difference between the two magnetic forces.

  As shown in FIG. 14D, the distance between the first permanent magnets 52L ... and the first induction magnetic poles 38L ... and the distance between the second induction magnetic poles 38R ... and the second permanent magnets 52R ... Are substantially equal to each other, the total magnetic flux amount and the degree of bending of the first magnetic lines G1 between the first permanent magnets 52L ... and the first induction magnetic poles 38L ... are the second induction magnetic poles 38R ... and the second permanent magnets 52R. Are approximately equal to the total amount of magnetic flux and the degree of bending of the second magnetic field lines G2 between them.

  As a result, the first and second permanent magnets 52L, 52R,... Are temporarily not driven when the magnetic forces caused by the first and second magnetic lines G1, G2 are substantially balanced with each other.

  When the virtual permanent magnets 21... Rotate from this state to the position shown in FIG. 15E, the generation state of the first magnetic lines of force G1 changes, and a magnetic circuit as shown in FIG. As a result, the magnetic force caused by the first magnetic field lines G1 hardly acts so as to bring the first permanent magnets 52L close to the first induction magnetic poles 38L, so that the second permanent magnets are caused by the magnetic force caused by the second magnetic field lines G2. 52R, together with the first permanent magnets 52L, are driven in the direction opposite to the magnetic field rotation direction to the position shown in FIG.

  When the virtual permanent magnets 21 are slightly rotated from the position shown in FIG. 15G, the first magnetic lines G1 between the first permanent magnets 52L and the first induction magnetic poles 38L are reversed from the above. The resulting magnetic force acts on the first permanent magnets 52L, so as to be close to the first induction magnetic poles 38L, so that the first permanent magnets 52L ... together with the second permanent magnets 52R ... Driven in the reverse direction, the inner rotor 14 rotates in the direction opposite to the magnetic field rotation direction. When the virtual permanent magnets 21 are further rotated, the magnetic force resulting from the first magnetic lines G1 between the first permanent magnets 52L and the first induction magnetic poles 38L, the second induction magnetic poles 38R and the second permanent magnets 52R. The first permanent magnets 52L are driven together with the second permanent magnets 52R in a direction opposite to the magnetic field rotation direction by a magnetic force corresponding to a difference in magnetic force caused by the second magnetic field lines G2 between the first permanent magnet 52L and the second permanent magnet 52R. After that, when the magnetic force caused by the second magnetic field lines G2 hardly acts so as to bring the second permanent magnets 52R to the second induction magnetic poles 38R ..., the first permanent magnets 52L are caused by the magnetic force caused by the first magnetic field lines G1. Are driven together with the second permanent magnets 52R.

  As described above, with the rotation of the first and second rotating magnetic fields, the magnetic force caused by the first magnetic field lines G1 between the first permanent magnets 52L and the first induction magnetic poles 38L, and the second induction magnetic poles 38R. The magnetic force caused by the second magnetic field line G2 between the first permanent magnets 52R and the second permanent magnets 52R, and the magnetic force corresponding to the difference between these magnetic forces are applied to the first and second permanent magnets 52L, 52R, that is, the inner rotor. 14, the inner rotor 14 rotates in the direction opposite to the magnetic field rotation direction. In addition, when the magnetic force, that is, the driving force acts alternately on the inner rotor 14 as described above, the torque of the inner rotor 14 becomes substantially constant.

  In this case, the inner rotor 14 rotates in reverse at the same speed as the first and second rotating magnetic fields. This is because the first and second induction magnetic poles 38L,..., 38R... Are intermediate between the first permanent magnets 52L and the first virtual magnetic poles 21L due to the magnetic force caused by the first and second magnetic lines of force G1 and G2. , And the second permanent magnets 52L, 52R,..., And the second virtual magnetic poles 21R, the first permanent magnets 52L, 52R,.

  As described above, the case where the inner rotor 14 is fixed and the outer rotor 13 is rotated in the magnetic field rotation direction and the case where the outer rotor 13 is fixed and the inner rotor 14 is rotated in the direction opposite to the magnetic field rotation direction have been described separately. Of course, both the inner rotor 14 and the outer rotor 13 can be rotated in opposite directions.

  As described above, when rotating either one of the inner rotor 14 and the outer rotor 13 or both the inner rotor 14 and the outer rotor 13, depending on the relative rotational positions of the inner rotor 14 and the outer rotor 13, The magnetization states of the first and second induction magnetic poles 38L,..., 38R,... Can be rotated without causing slippage, and function as a synchronous machine. The first virtual magnetic poles 21L, the first permanent magnets 52L, and the first induction magnetic poles 38L are set to have the same number, the second virtual magnetic poles 21R, the second permanent magnets 52R, and the second induction magnetic poles. 38R is set to be equal to each other, the torque of the electric motor M can be sufficiently obtained when either the inner rotor 14 or the outer rotor 13 is driven.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the polarities of the first and second rotating magnetic fields of the first and second stators 12L and 12R are shifted from each other by the pitch P, and the first and second stators of the outer rotor 13 are shifted. By shifting the phases of the two induction magnetic poles 38L,..., 38R,... By half of the pitch P, the phases of the magnetic poles of the first and second permanent magnets 52L,. This makes it easy to support the first and second permanent magnets 52L to 52R with respect to the inner rotor 14 and simplifies the structure of the inner rotor 14.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the electric motor M of the first embodiment, the polarities of the first armatures 21L of the first stator 12A and the polarities of the second armatures 21R of the second stator 12B are adjacent to each other in the axis L direction. Match. In the second embodiment, the first and second armatures 21L, 12B of the first and second stators 12A, 12B adjacent to each other in the direction of the axis L are replaced by one electric element 21. Is.

  As described above, the first armature 21L and the second armature 21R of the first embodiment are integrated into the armature 21 so that the first stator 12A and the second stator 12B are combined into one stator. 12 can be summarized. Thus, the electric motor M can exhibit the same functions as those of the first embodiment while reducing the number of parts and further simplifying the structure.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the third embodiment, the first permanent magnet 52L or the second permanent magnet 52R constituting one magnetic pole of the inner rotor 14 is divided into two. In this case, in order for two permanent magnets to form one magnetic pole, the two permanent magnets must have the same polarity.

  The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the embodiment, the stators 12L, 12R (or 12) disposed on the radially outer side are provided with armatures 21L, 21R,... (Or 21), and the permanent magnets 52L,. 52R ... are provided, but the positional relationship between the armatures 21L ..., 21R ... (or 21) and the permanent magnets 52L ..., 52R ... may be reversed.

  Further, the electric motor M of the embodiment has ten pole pairs, but the number of pole pairs can be selected as appropriate.

  The coils 20 of the stators 12L and 12R (or 12) of the embodiment are concentrated windings, but may be distributed windings.

The front view which looked at the electric motor which concerns on 1st Embodiment in the axial direction (1-1 line arrow view of FIG. 2) 2-2 sectional view of FIG. 3-3 sectional view of FIG. Sectional view along line 4-4 in FIG. View taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 6-6 arrow view of FIG. Exploded perspective view of electric motor Disassembled perspective view of inner rotor 9 enlarged view of FIG. Schematic diagram of electric motor deployed in the circumferential direction Explanation of the operation when the inner rotor is fixed (Part 1) Explanation of operation when inner rotor is fixed (Part 2) Explanation of operation when inner rotor is fixed (Part 3) (Part 1) of operation explanatory diagram when the outer rotor is fixed (2) of operation explanatory diagram when outer rotor is fixed The figure corresponding to the said FIG. 2 based on 2nd Embodiment. The figure corresponding to the said FIG. 9 based on 3rd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

12 Stator 12L First stator (stator)
12R Second stator (stator)
13 Outer rotor (second rotor)
14 Inner rotor (first rotor)
21L 1st armature 21R 2nd armature 31 Rotor body 31a Slit 31b Slit 38L 1st induction magnetic pole 38R 2nd induction magnetic pole 52L 1st permanent magnet 52R 2nd permanent magnet L Axis P Predetermined pitch

Claims (3)

An annular stator (12L, 12R) arranged to surround the axis (L), a first rotor (14) rotatable around the axis (L), the stator (12L, 12R) and the first rotor (14) An electric motor including a second rotor (13) disposed between and rotatable about an axis (L),
The stator (12L, 12R) is composed of a plurality of first armatures (21L) arranged in a circumferential direction, and is generated by magnetic poles generated in the plurality of first armatures (21L) as electric power is supplied. A first armature row that generates a first rotating magnetic field that rotates along the circumferential direction and a plurality of second armatures (21R) that are arranged in the circumferential direction. The magnetic poles generated in the plurality of second armatures (21R) are formed by juxtaposing the second armature row that generates the second rotating magnetic field rotating along the circumferential direction in the axis (L) direction,
The first rotor (14) is configured by arranging a plurality of first permanent magnets (52L) so as to have magnetic poles having different polarities alternately at a predetermined pitch (P) in the circumferential direction. And a second permanent magnet row formed by arranging a plurality of second permanent magnets (52R) so as to have magnetic poles of different polarities alternately in the circumferential direction at the predetermined pitch (P). Juxtaposed in the direction,
The second rotor (13) includes a first induction magnetic pole row made up of a plurality of soft magnetic first induction magnetic poles (38L) arranged at the predetermined pitch (P) in the circumferential direction, and a circumference A plurality of second induction magnetic poles (38R) made of soft magnetic material arranged at the predetermined pitch (P) in a direction and juxtaposed in the axis (L) direction;
The first armature row and the first permanent magnet row are opposed to the both sides in the radial direction of the first induction magnetic pole row, respectively, and the second armature row and the first permanent magnet row are respectively opposed to the radial both sides of the second induction magnetic pole row. 2 permanent magnet rows face each other
The phase of the polarity of the first rotating magnetic field of the stator (12L, 12R) and the phase of the polarity of the second rotating magnetic field are made to coincide with each other, and the first induction magnetic pole (38L) of the second rotor (13) The phase and the phase of the second induction magnetic pole (38R) are shifted from each other by half the predetermined pitch (P) in the circumferential direction, and the phase of the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet row of the first rotor (14) and the second permanent magnetic pole An electric motor characterized in that the phase of the magnetic poles of the magnet array is shifted in the circumferential direction by the predetermined pitch (P). An annular stator (12) arranged to surround the axis (L), a first rotor (14) rotatable around the axis (L), and between the stator (12) and the first rotor (14) And a second rotor (13) that can be rotated about an axis (L),
The stator (12) is composed of a plurality of armatures (21) arranged in the circumferential direction, and along the circumferential direction by magnetic poles generated in the plurality of armatures (21) as power is supplied. Consisting of armature trains that generate rotating magnetic fields
The first rotor (14) is configured by arranging a plurality of first permanent magnets (52L) so as to have magnetic poles having different polarities alternately at a predetermined pitch (P) in the circumferential direction. And a second permanent magnet row formed by arranging a plurality of second permanent magnets (52R) so as to have magnetic poles of different polarities alternately in the circumferential direction at the predetermined pitch (P). Juxtaposed in the direction,
The second rotor (13) includes a first induction magnetic pole row made up of a plurality of soft magnetic first induction magnetic poles (38L) arranged at the predetermined pitch (P) in the circumferential direction, and a circumference A plurality of second induction magnetic poles (38R) made of soft magnetic material arranged at the predetermined pitch (P) in a direction and juxtaposed in the axis (L) direction;
The armature row and the first permanent magnet row face each other on both sides in the radial direction of the first induction magnetic pole row, and the armature row and the second permanent magnet row on the both radial sides of the second induction magnetic pole row, respectively. Is facing,
The phase of the first induction magnetic pole (38L) and the phase of the second induction magnetic pole (38R) of the second rotor (13) are shifted from each other by half the predetermined pitch (P) in the circumferential direction. The electric motor according to (14), wherein the phase of the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet row and the phase of the magnetic pole of the second permanent magnet row are shifted in the circumferential direction by the predetermined pitch (P).   A plurality of slits (31a, 31b) extending linearly in the axis (L) direction are formed in the cylindrical rotor body (31) of the second rotor (13), and the slits (31a, 31b) are provided with the first slits (31a, 31b). The electric motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second induction magnetic poles (38L, 38R) are fitted.

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