JP4687172B2 - Telescopic boom - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a telescopic boom used for a crane or the like.

  Taking a five-stage (four-stage telescopic) boom used for a crane as an example, in FIGS. 6 and 7, B1 is a first-stage boom body (fixed boom body) attached to a base machine (not shown), and B2 to B5 are movable. The second to fifth boom bodies, which are boom bodies, are sequentially fitted and connected in a telescopic manner to form a telescopic boom main body B. The boom main body B and the telescopic drive for driving the boom main body B A telescopic boom is constituted by the means.

  As the expansion / contraction drive means of the boom body B, a multi-stage cylinder 1 in which a plurality of unit cylinders having different diameters are connected in a telescope shape as shown in the figure may be used.

  Here, as this multi-stage cylinder 1, two three-stage multi-stage cylinder bodies (first and second multi-stage cylinder bodies) 2 and 3 are placed in opposite directions and unit cylinders having the respective maximum diameters. The case where it integrates and comprises substantially five steps (4 steps expansion-contraction) is illustrated.

  In the multistage cylinder 1, the base end side of the first multistage cylinder body 2 is fixed to the base end portion of the first stage boom body B1, and the front end side of the second multistage cylinder body 3 is fixed to the front end portion of the fifth stage boom body B5. Thus, the telescopic boom B expands and contracts when the expansion and contraction force of the multistage cylinder 1 is directly applied to the fifth stage boom body B5.

  8 and 9 show piping configurations on the expansion side and the contraction side of the multistage cylinder 1. Since this piping configuration is the same for both the first and second multi-stage cylinder bodies 2, 3, only the first multi-stage cylinder body 2 is shown and described here.

  As shown in the figure, the multistage cylinder body 2 has first to third unit cylinders 4, 5, and 6 whose diameters increase in order from the boom base end side to the tip end side, and the third unit cylinder 6 having the maximum diameter is the tip end. The first unit cylinder 4 is fixed to the first stage boom body B1 in a state of being located on the side.

  Each of the first and second unit cylinders 4 and 5 is formed as a hollow tube, and is adjacent to each upper unit cylinder (in the case of the second unit cylinder 5, the third unit cylinder 6 and the first unit cylinder 4). Are phase-fitted in a state that also serves as the rod of the second unit cylinder 5).

  Further, both the expansion side and contraction side ports 7 and 8 are provided on the end surface of the first unit cylinder 4 on the rod side (base end side), and both the ports 7 and 8 serve as a hydraulic source and a tank on the base machine side. It is connected via a pipe and a control valve (not shown).

  The extension side port 7 communicates with the head side (extension side) pressure chambers 11 and 12 by extension side passages 9 and 10 provided in both the first and second unit cylinders 4 and 5.

  On the other hand, the contraction side port 8 includes an inner space of the first unit cylinder 4, a communication path 13 provided in a side wall on the head side of the cylinder 4, an inner space of the second unit cylinder 5, and the rod side of the cylinder 5. The communication path 14 provided on the side wall of the second unit, the hose 15 having flexibility as external piping on the contraction side, and the communication path 16 provided on the side wall on the rod side of the third unit cylinder 6 are second and second. The three unit cylinders 5 and 6 communicate with the compression side (rod side) pressure chambers 17 and 18.

  In such a piping configuration, conventionally, the hose 15 is connected between the communication passages 14 and 16 within the boom body B and outside the multistage cylinder 2 with a length corresponding to the cylinder stroke, as shown in the figure. The multistage cylinder body 2 (boom body B) moves in accordance with the expansion and contraction operation.

  In this case, since a relative motion occurs between the boom body B and the hose 15, the hose 15 may be worn or damaged.

  As a countermeasure against this point, a protection technique for actuator piping shown in Patent Document 1 is applied, a bendable chain-type hose guide device is attached to a cylinder, and the hose 15 is guided by this hose guide device (hereinafter referred to as a hose guide device). It is conceivable to adopt a guide method).

In this case, the hose guide device is bent in a U-turn shape and arranged in the boom body with one end fixed to the cylinder and the other end free.
JP 2002-46092 A

  However, according to the above technique, since the chain-type hose guide device is not restrained in the boom body and can move freely, this hose guide device is inevitably caused by the vibration of the boom or the pressure applied to the hose. Relative movement (rubbing) is likely to occur between the hose and the hose, and the intended purpose of preventing wear and breakage of the hose cannot be sufficiently achieved.

  Therefore, the present invention can prevent relative wear between the hose guide device and the hose and reliably prevent the hose from being worn or damaged while adopting a method in which the hose is guided by the hose guide device in the boom body. A telescopic boom is provided.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a boom body is configured by telescopically fitting a plurality of stages of boom bodies, and double-acting as expansion / contraction drive means for expanding and contracting the boom body in the boom body. This type of multi-stage cylinder is constructed by fitting a plurality of unit cylinders with different diameters in a telescopic manner with each other's pressure chambers communicating with each other. A telescopic boom in the boom body that communicates with a flexible hose provided outside the multistage cylinder , wherein the guide rail has guide sections on the upper and lower sides of one of the adjacent unit cylinders in the multistage cylinder. provided with a, while the slice of relatively moving the boom in the longitudinal direction with respect to the lower guide portion while being supported by the lower guide portion of the guide rail The rail set only constitute a hose guide device, the hose folded in a U-turn shape between the both units cylinder, the folded portion of the upper is accommodated in the upper guide portion of the guide rail, the other folded portion guide rail It arrange | positions in the state supported by the slide rail within the lower guide part .

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the configuration of claim 1, the two multi-stage cylinder in the boom assembly, in opposite directions, and provided in a state with an integrated unit cylinder together the respective maximum diameter, this integrated above the unit cylinder hose guide device of the guide rail, in which each mounted slide rail unit cylinder adjacent to the unit cylinder.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first or second aspect, the slide rail is attached to the unit cylinder so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis in the left-right direction .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the structure according to any one of the first to third aspects, friction reducing means for reducing a frictional resistance between the guide rail and the slide rail is provided .

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the fourth aspect, as one of the guide rail and the slide rail, a roller that rotates in contact with the other is provided as friction reducing means .

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in the configuration of claim 4, one of the guide rail and the slide rail as a friction reducing means, it is provided with a sliding pad for sliding contact with pairs to the other.

According to the present invention, a guide rail provided with guide portions at the upper and lower portions is provided on one of the adjacent unit cylinders (the unit cylinder with the maximum diameter in claim 2) , and the guide rail is provided on the other side. configure the hose guide device only set the slide rail to move relative to the guide rails while being supported by the lower guide portion, folded in a U-turn shape the hose between the two units cylinder, the upper folded portion guide Since it is housed in the upper guide part of the rail and the other folded part is placed in the lower guide part of the guide rail and supported by the slide rail, the hose guide device is used for relative movement when the multistage cylinder (boom body) is extended or retracted. It occurs only inside (between the guide rail and the slide rail) and not between the slide rail and the hose supported by the slide rail.

Therefore, wear and breakage of the hose can be reliably prevented .

Also, according to the invention of claim 3, because attached rotatably about a horizontal axis in the lateral direction of the slide rail to the unit cylinder, and between the unit cylinders by the deflection of the boom assembly or a multi-stage cylinder (guide rail Even if a vertical misalignment occurs between the slide rail), excessive force does not act on the guide rail and slide rail. For this reason, damage to both rails can be prevented, and the hose protection effect can be ensured over a long period of time.

On the other hand, according to the inventions of claims 4 to 6 , friction reducing means (rotating rollers in claim 6, sliding pads in claim 7) for reducing the frictional resistance between the guide rail and the slide rail that perform relative motion are provided. Since it is provided, it is possible to reduce wear due to the relative motion of both rails.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the following embodiments, in accordance with the description of the background art, a five-stage boom body (not shown) is substantially a five-stage cylinder composed of two three-stage multistage cylinder bodies arranged in reverse directions in the boom body. An example in which expansion and contraction is performed using a multi-stage cylinder will be described.

  In addition, since the configurations and basic piping structures of both the multistage cylinder bodies are exactly the same, only the first multistage cylinder body 2 will be shown and described here in accordance with the examples of FIGS.

The configuration of the multistage cylinder body 2 itself, for example,
(i) The first to third unit cylinders 4, 5, 6 have diameters that increase in order from the boom base end side (right side in FIG. 1) toward the tip end side, and the third unit cylinder 6 with the maximum diameter is the tip end side The first unit cylinder 4 is fixed to the first stage boom body in the state located at
(ii) Each of the first and second unit cylinders 4 and 5 is formed as a hollow tube, and is adjacent to each upper unit side (in the case of the second unit cylinder 5, the third unit cylinder 6 and the first unit cylinder) In the case of 4, it is phase-fitted in a state that also serves as the rod of the second unit cylinder 5),
(iii) The rod side (base end side) end face of the first unit cylinder 4 is provided with both expansion side and contraction side ports. These ports are connected to a hydraulic power source and a tank on the base machine side and piping and control (not shown). Points connected through valves,
(iv) The extension side port communicates with the head side (extension side) pressure chamber through a passage inside the cylinder.
(v) The contraction side port is contracted between the second and third unit cylinders 5 and 6 by the communication path of each of the unit cylinders 4, 5 and 6 and the hose 15 having flexibility as the contraction side external pipe. Since the point communicating with the side pressure chamber is the same as that shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the illustration and description are omitted here for the purpose of using FIGS.

1st Embodiment (refer FIGS. 1-3)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hose 15 includes a lower base end of the second unit cylinder 5 (communication path 14 in FIGS. 8 and 9) and an upper base end of the third unit cylinder 6 (same communication path 16). 1 are arranged in a U-turn shape, and as shown in FIGS. 1A to 1D, are moved up and down according to the expansion and contraction operation of the multistage cylinder body 2 (the movement of the third unit cylinder 6 relative to the second unit cylinder 5). The lengths of the folded portions 15a and 15b change.

  A hose guide device 21 that protects the hose 15 between the second and third unit cylinders 5 and 6 includes a guide rail 22 fixed to the outer surface of the third unit cylinder 6 (tube) and one end (boom proximal end). The side end (the right side in FIGS. 1 and 2) is composed of a slide rail 23 attached to the second unit cylinder 5.

  The guide rail 22 has guide portions (upper and lower guide portions) 24 and 25 bent in an L shape on both upper and lower sides, and is formed in a frame shape in which a vertical side cover portion 26 is provided between the both side guide portions 24 and 25. Has been.

  Further, a narrow guide portion 27 for guiding the slide rail 23 is extended on the distal end side of the guide rail 22, and a plurality of portions in the length direction of the guide rail 22 including the narrow guide portion 27 are first. It is attached to the outer surface of the 3 unit cylinder 6 by a bracket 28 (see FIG. 3).

  The slide rail 23 is formed in a U-shaped cross section, and is inserted into the lower guide portion 25 of the guide rail 22 so as to be movable in the boom length direction along the guide portion 25.

  The base end portion of the slide rail 23 is attached to the second unit cylinder 5 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis 29 (see FIG. 2) in the left-right direction.

  Further, as a means for reducing the frictional resistance between the rails 22, 23, a roller 31 that rotates around a horizontal roller support shaft 30 in contact with the lower guide portion 25 is provided at a plurality of locations in the length direction of the lower surface of the slide rail 23. Is provided.

  In this configuration, when the second unit cylinder 5 is extended from the fully contracted state shown in FIG. 1A, the slide rail 23 attached to the cylinder 5 moves to the boom tip side as shown in FIG. At the same time, the hose 15 also moves together with the cylinder 5.

  At this time, since the third unit cylinder 6 and the guide rail 22 also move together with the second unit cylinder 5, no relative movement occurs between the rails 22 and 23, and no change occurs in the folded state of the hose 15.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 (c) and 1 (d), when the third unit cylinder 6 is extended, the guide rail 22 moves to the tip side while the slide rail 23 is stopped. Movement occurs.

  At this time, a force is applied to the hose 15, but the guide rail 22 and the slide rail 23 are merely moved from the upper folded portion 15 a away from the upper guide portion 24 of the guide rail 22 to the lower folded portion 15 b (slide rail 23). There is no relative movement between the hose 15 and the hose 15.

  Further, when the cylinder is contracted, the hose guide device 21 and the hose 15 are restored only from the state shown in FIGS. 1D to 1C to the state shown in FIGS. There is no relative movement between the hose guide device 21 and the hose guide device 21.

  Due to the above action, it is possible to reliably prevent the hose 15 from being worn by the cylinder expansion / contraction operation.

  In this case, the hose upper folded portion 15a that is not supported by the slide rail 23 and the turning portion are covered by the upper guide portion 24 and the side cover portion 26 of the guide rail 22, and therefore, contact with the boom body can be prevented. . Thereby, the hose 15 can be protected over its entire length and its wear can be prevented.

  Further, since the slide rail 23 is attached to the second unit cylinder 5 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis 29 in the left-right direction, the second and third unit cylinders 5 and 5 are bent by the bending of the boom body or the multistage cylinder body 2. Even when a vertical misalignment occurs between the six rails (between the guide rail 22 and the slide rail 23), the misalignment can be absorbed by the slide rail 23 rotating in the vertical direction.

  Thereby, excessive force does not act between both rails 22 and 23, damage to both rails 22 and 23 can be prevented, and a hose protection effect can be ensured over a long period of time.

  Furthermore, since the frictional resistance between the guide and slide rails 22 and 23 that perform relative motion is minimized by the rotation of the roller 31, wear of the rails 22 and 23 can be reduced.

Second embodiment (see FIGS. 4 and 5)
Only differences from the first embodiment will be described.

  In the second embodiment, as a means for reducing the friction between the guide and slide rails 22 and 23, the sliding that slides with respect to the lower guide portion 25 of the guide rail 22 instead of the roller 31 of the first embodiment. A pad 32 is provided on the lower surface of the slide rail 23.

  Also with this configuration, friction between both rails 22 and 23 can be reduced and wear of both can be prevented.

  Further, by using the sliding pad 32, the occupied space in the rail width direction can be reduced as compared with the roller 31. For this reason, the width dimension of the lower guide part 25 in the slide rail 23 and by extension, the guide rail 22 can be made small.

  By the way, the roller 31 or the sliding pad 32 may be provided on the guide rail 22 side contrary to the above embodiment.

  Further, the configuration of the above embodiment is similarly applied to the second multistage cylinder body 3 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and the same effect can be obtained.

  On the other hand, the present invention is not limited to the multistage cylinder 1 configured by connecting the two multistage cylinder bodies 2 and 3 in the opposite direction, and the two multistage cylinder bodies 2 and 3 are arranged in the same direction, and each unit The present invention can also be applied to a configuration in which a cylinder is attached to each stage boom body.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the boom having the same number of stages of the boom main body B and the number of stages of the multistage cylinder 1 is cited as an application target. However, the present invention may be applied even when these are different. it can.

  In this case, the cylinder stroke and the stroke of each stage boom body are different, and the relative movement of the boom body B and the hose 15 easily occurs accordingly. However, according to the present invention, the wear of the hose 15 is reliably prevented in this case as well. be able to.

(a) (b) (c) (d) is a side view which shows the hose support state by 1st Embodiment of this invention with the condition of cylinder expansion | extension operation | movement. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view in the state of FIG. It is the III-III line expanded sectional view of FIG. FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing a second embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure equivalent to FIG. It is a side view of the boom extension state which shows schematic structure of a boom. It is a side view of the same boom contraction state. It is a figure which expands and shows typically the structure of a boom main body and a multistage cylinder. It is a figure of the state which extended the boom main body from the state of FIG.

B Boom Body 1 Multistage Cylinder 2 First Multistage Cylinder Body 3 Second Multistage Cylinder Body 4 First Unit Cylinder Constructing Second Multistage Cylinder Body 5 Same Second Unit Cylinder 6 Same Third Unit Cylinder 15 Compression Side Hose 21 Hose Guide Device 22 Guide rail 23 Slide rail 24 Upper guide portion of guide rail 25 Lower guide portion 26 Same side cover portion 29 Horizontal axis that becomes the pivot center of the slide rail 30 Roller support shaft 31 Roller 32 Sliding pad

Claims (6)

A boom body is constructed by telescopically fitting a multi-stage boom body, and a double-acting multi-stage cylinder is provided in the boom body as an extension drive means for extending and retracting the boom body . This multi-stage cylinder is configured by fitting a plurality of unit cylinders with different diameters in a telescopic manner in a state in which the pressure chambers communicate with each other. In the telescopic boom connected by a flexible hose provided outside the multistage cylinder, a guide rail provided with a guide portion at the upper part and the lower part is provided on one of the adjacent unit cylinders in the multistage cylinder, and this is provided on the other side. e by setting only the slide rail to move relative to the boom length direction relative to the lower guide portion while being supported by the lower guide portion of the guide rail Configure Volume I and II apparatus, the hose folded in a U-turn shape between the both units cylinder, the folded portion of the upper is accommodated in the upper guide portion of the guide rail, the other folded portion slides within the lower guide portion of the guide rail A telescopic boom characterized by being arranged in a state supported by a rail. The two multistage cylinders within the boom assembly, in opposite directions to each other, and provided in a state with an integrated unit cylinder together the respective maximum diameter, said hose guide device of the guide rails to the integrated unit cylinder The telescopic boom according to claim 1 , wherein slide rails are respectively attached to unit cylinders adjacent to the unit cylinder. The telescopic boom according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the slide rail is attached to a unit cylinder so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis in the left-right direction. The telescopic boom according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising friction reducing means for reducing a frictional resistance between the guide rail and the slide rail. One of said guide rail and slide rail as the friction-reducing means, the telescopic boom according to claim 4, characterized in that a roller which rotates in contact with the other. One of said guide rail and slide rail as a friction reducing means, the telescopic boom according to claim 4, characterized in that a sliding pads in sliding contact with respect to the other.

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