JP4686394B2 - Electric vehicle control device - Google Patents

Electric vehicle control device Download PDF

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JP4686394B2
JP4686394B2 JP2006094088A JP2006094088A JP4686394B2 JP 4686394 B2 JP4686394 B2 JP 4686394B2 JP 2006094088 A JP2006094088 A JP 2006094088A JP 2006094088 A JP2006094088 A JP 2006094088A JP 4686394 B2 JP4686394 B2 JP 4686394B2
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storage device
power storage
contactor
brake
converter
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JP2007274756A (en
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伸一 戸田
洋介 中沢
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Toshiba Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles

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Description

本発明は、電気車制御装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an electric vehicle control device.

一般に架線の直流電力をＤＣ／ＡＣ変換して電気車用電動機に供給して駆動する電気車駆動装置では可変電圧可変周波数インバータ（ＶＶＶＦインバータ）をＤＣ／ＡＣ変換装置として採用している。このＶＶＶＦインバータは可逆特性を有し、回生ブレーキ中には電動機の余剰エネルギーをＡＣ／ＤＣ変換して架線側に戻す働きができる。   In general, a variable voltage variable frequency inverter (VVVF inverter) is adopted as a DC / AC conversion device in an electric vehicle driving device that drives DC electric power of an overhead wire by DC / AC conversion and supplying it to an electric vehicle motor. This VVVF inverter has a reversible characteristic, and can perform a function of converting surplus energy of the electric motor to AC / DC conversion and returning it to the overhead line side during regenerative braking.

ところが、架線側の回生エネルギーを吸収する負荷が不足する軽負荷回生状態が発生することがあり、そのような場合に備えて、架線電圧の上昇をＶＶＶＦインバータのフィルタコンデンサ電圧の上昇により検知し、その電圧値に応じて回生ブレーキ力を絞り込んで架線電圧の上昇を抑える、いわゆる回生リミッタ制御を行っている。この場合、回生ブレーキ力を絞り込むことで不足するようになるブレーキ力は機械ブレーキにより補足する。しかしながら、回生ブレーキ力を絞って機械ブレーキの補足が大きくなると省エネルギー効果が薄れるだけでなく、車輪が加熱し場合によっては車輪の金属疲労を起こす場合がある。   However, a light load regenerative state in which the load for absorbing regenerative energy on the overhead line side is insufficient may occur, and in such a case, an increase in the overhead line voltage is detected by an increase in the filter capacitor voltage of the VVVF inverter, The so-called regenerative limiter control is performed in which the regenerative braking force is narrowed according to the voltage value to suppress the rise of the overhead wire voltage. In this case, the braking force that becomes insufficient by narrowing the regenerative braking force is supplemented by the mechanical brake. However, when the regenerative braking force is reduced to increase the supplement of the mechanical brake, not only the energy saving effect is diminished, but the wheel may be heated and in some cases may cause metal fatigue of the wheel.

このような技術的課題に鑑み、従来から、図７に示す構成の電気車制御装置が開発されている。図７において、１はＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ、３は例えば電気２重層のような電力貯蔵装置、５はリアクトル、１０は高速度遮断器、１１は充電抵抗、１２は充電抵抗短絡用接触器、１３は架線電力を取り込むためのパンタグラフ、１４は車輪、１５はＶＶＶＦインバータ、１６は電気車用電動機、１８はフィルタコンデンサである。   In view of such technical problems, conventionally, an electric vehicle control device having a configuration shown in FIG. 7 has been developed. In FIG. 7, 1 is a DC / DC converter, 3 is a power storage device such as an electric double layer, 5 is a reactor, 10 is a high-speed circuit breaker, 11 is a charging resistor, 12 is a charging resistor short-circuit contactor, 13 Is a pantograph for taking in overhead power, 14 is a wheel, 15 is a VVVF inverter, 16 is an electric vehicle motor, and 18 is a filter capacitor.

このような従来の電気車制御装置では、回生負荷が不足していた場合に架線側に返せない回生負荷不足分のエネルギーをＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１を介して電力貯蔵装置３へ吸収することによって架線電圧の上昇を抑え、回生ブレーキの利用率を増加させることで、機械ブレーキの使用率を抑えることができる。   In such a conventional electric vehicle control device, when the regenerative load is insufficient, the energy for the shortage of the regenerative load that cannot be returned to the overhead wire side is absorbed into the power storage device 3 via the DC / DC converter 1, thereby the overhead wire. By suppressing the increase in voltage and increasing the usage rate of the regenerative brake, the usage rate of the mechanical brake can be suppressed.

しかしながら、電力貯蔵装置３の容量は限られているので、例えば下り勾配において長い時間継続的に回生ブレーキを動作させる状態においては、その回生エネルギーすべてを電力貯蔵装置３に吸収させることはできなくなる場合が起きる。そこで従来は、このように電力貯蔵装置３が満充電になり回生エネルギーを吸収できなくなった場合にはやはり回生ブレーキ力を絞り、機械ブレーキに切り替える制御を行っている。機械ブレーキは車輪踏面にブレーキシューを当てて機械的に動作させるブレーキであるため、頻繁に機械ブレーキを使用すると車輪温度が上昇して金属疲労やブレーキシュー磨耗の原因となる。このため、勾配の多い線区で長い時間継続的に回生ブレーキを動作させようとする用途においては電力貯蔵装置を用いたエネルギー貯蔵は不向きであり、その解決策が求められていた。
特開２００３−１８７０２号公報 特開２００３−１９９２０３号公報 特開２００３−１９９３３２号公報 Ｒ＆Ｍ２００５年５月号、電気二重層キャパシタを適用した車両搭載型「電力貯蔵システム」の開発 However, since the capacity of the power storage device 3 is limited, for example, in a state where the regenerative brake is continuously operated for a long time on a downward slope, the power storage device 3 cannot absorb all the regenerative energy. Happens. Therefore, conventionally, when the power storage device 3 is fully charged and thus cannot absorb regenerative energy, the regenerative braking force is also throttled to switch to mechanical braking. Since the mechanical brake is a brake that is mechanically operated by applying a brake shoe to the wheel tread surface, if the mechanical brake is frequently used, the wheel temperature rises, causing metal fatigue and wear of the brake shoe. For this reason, energy storage using an electric power storage device is unsuitable for an application in which a regenerative brake is operated continuously for a long time in a line with many gradients, and a solution has been demanded.
JP 2003-18702 A JP 2003-199203 A JP 2003-199332 A R & M May, 2005, Development of vehicle-mounted "power storage system" using electric double layer capacitor

本発明は、上述した従来技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、電気車が長い下り勾配を走行するときのように、回生エネルギーが多い走行状態において電力貯蔵装置が満充電になっても回生ブレーキ力を継続して使用することができ、機械ブレーキを使用しないでブレーキ制御が可能な電力貯蔵装置を備えた電気車制御装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and the power storage device is fully charged in a traveling state with a large amount of regenerative energy, such as when an electric vehicle travels on a long downward slope. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle control device including an electric power storage device that can continuously use a regenerative braking force and can perform brake control without using a mechanical brake.

本発明の電気車制御装置は、電気車用電動機を駆動するＶＶＶＦインバータと、前記電気車用電動機の回生エネルギーを吸収するための電力貯蔵装置と、前記ＶＶＶＦインバータの直流側に並列接続され、その変換出力が前記電力貯蔵装置に接続されたＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータと、前記電力貯蔵装置に前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータからの出力を入切する第１の接触器と、前記回生エネルギーを消費するためのブレーキ抵抗と、前記ＶＶＶＦインバータの直流側に、前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータと共に並列接続され、その出力が前記ブレーキ抵抗に接続されたブレーキチョッパと、前記ブレーキ抵抗に前記ブレーキチョッパからの出力を入切する第２の接触器と、回生ブレーキ中に前記電力貯蔵装置が満充電状態になったときに前記ブレーキチョッパを動作させて前記ブレーキ抵抗で前記回生エネルギーを消費させる回生エネルギー吸収・消費制御を行う統括制御回路とを備え、前記統括制御回路は、前記電力貯蔵装置の充電状態が満充電ではないときには前記第２の接触器を開き、かつ、前記第１の接触器を閉じて前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータを通じて前記回生エネルギーを前記電力貯蔵装置に吸収させ、前記電力貯蔵装置の充電状態が満充電となったときには前記第１の接触器を開き、かつ、前記第２の接触器を閉じて前記ブレーキ抵抗で前記回生エネルギーを消費させ、車両電源がオフ状態になったときには前記第１の接触器と第２の接触器とを共に閉じて前記電力貯蔵装置に残ったエネルギを前記ブレーキ抵抗に放電させる制御をすることを特徴とするものである。
また、本発明の電気車制御装置は、電気車用電動機を駆動するＶＶＶＦインバータと、前記電気車用電動機の回生エネルギーを吸収するための電力貯蔵装置と、前記ＶＶＶＦインバータの直流側に並列接続され、その変換出力が前記電力貯蔵装置に接続されたＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータと、前記電力貯蔵装置に前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータからの出力を入切する第１の接触器と、前記回生エネルギーを消費するためのブレーキ抵抗と、前記ＶＶＶＦインバータの直流側に、前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータと共に並列接続され、その出力が前記ブレーキ抵抗に接続されたブレーキチョッパと、前記ブレーキ抵抗に前記ブレーキチョッパからの出力を入切する第２の接触器と、回生ブレーキ中に前記電力貯蔵装置が満充電状態になったときに前記ブレーキチョッパを動作させて前記ブレーキ抵抗で前記回生エネルギーを消費させる回生エネルギー吸収・消費制御を行う統括制御回路と、前記第１の接触器と電力貯蔵装置との接続線と、前記第２の接触器とブレーキ抵抗との接続線との間に、車両電源がオフ状態になったときに自動的に閉じて前記電力貯蔵装置に残ったエネルギを前記ブレーキ抵抗に放電させる第３の接触器とを備え、前記統括制御回路は、前記電力貯蔵装置の充電状態が満充電ではないときには前記第２の接触器を開き、かつ、前記第１の接触器を閉じて前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータを通じて前記回生エネルギーを前記電力貯蔵装置に吸収させ、前記電力貯蔵装置の充電状態が満充電となったときには前記第１の接触器を開き、かつ、前記第２の接触器を閉じて前記ブレーキ抵抗で前記回生エネルギーを消費させる制御をすることを特徴とするものである。
An electric vehicle control device of the present invention is connected in parallel to a VVVF inverter that drives an electric vehicle motor, a power storage device for absorbing regenerative energy of the electric vehicle motor, and a DC side of the VVVF inverter, A DC / DC converter whose conversion output is connected to the power storage device, a first contactor for turning on and off the output from the DC / DC converter in the power storage device, and a brake for consuming the regenerative energy A resistor, a brake chopper connected in parallel with the DC / DC converter on the DC side of the VVVF inverter, the output of which is connected to the brake resistor, and an output from the brake chopper for turning on and off the brake resistor. and 2 of the contactor, the brake chopper when the power storage device is fully charged state during regenerative braking By operating a general control circuit which performs regenerative energy absorption and consumption control to consume the regenerative energy by the brake resistor, the integrated control circuit, when the state of charge of the power storage device is not fully charged the second And the first contactor is closed and the regenerative energy is absorbed by the power storage device through the DC / DC converter, and when the state of charge of the power storage device is fully charged, When the first contactor is opened and the second contactor is closed and the regenerative energy is consumed by the brake resistance, and the vehicle power is turned off, the first contactor and the second contactor And controlling the discharge of the energy remaining in the power storage device to the brake resistor .
The electric vehicle control device according to the present invention is connected in parallel to the VVVF inverter that drives the electric vehicle motor, the power storage device that absorbs regenerative energy of the electric vehicle motor, and the DC side of the VVVF inverter. A DC / DC converter whose conversion output is connected to the power storage device, a first contactor for turning on and off the output from the DC / DC converter in the power storage device, and for consuming the regenerative energy And a brake chopper connected in parallel with the DC / DC converter on the DC side of the VVVF inverter, the output of which is connected to the brake resistor, and an output from the brake chopper to the brake resistor. A second contactor that performs regenerative braking and the brake clutch when the power storage device is fully charged. An overall control circuit for performing regenerative energy absorption / consumption control by operating a pad and consuming the regenerative energy by the brake resistance; a connection line between the first contactor and the power storage device; and the second contact. A third contactor that automatically closes when the vehicle power source is turned off and discharges the energy remaining in the power storage device to the brake resistor between the connection line of the brake device and the brake resistor. The integrated control circuit opens the second contactor when the state of charge of the power storage device is not fully charged, and closes the first contactor and passes the regenerative energy through the DC / DC converter. Is absorbed by the power storage device, and when the state of charge of the power storage device is fully charged, the first contactor is opened, and the second contactor is closed and the brake resistor is used. It is characterized in that the control to consume the serial regenerative energy.

本発明の電気車制御装置によれば、電気車が長い下り勾配を走行する場合等、回生エネルギーが多い状態において電力貯蔵装置が満充電になっても回生ブレーキを継続して使用することができ、機械ブレーキを使用しないでブレーキ制御することができ、その結果として機械ブレーキの不必要な使用の回数を少なくすることができ、その機械的な寿命を延ばすことができる。加えて、電気車が車庫に入ってきたときなど、車両電源がオフ状態になれば、電力貯蔵装置に残ったエネルギーを安全のために放電させることができる。
According to the electric vehicle control device of the present invention, the regenerative brake can be continuously used even when the power storage device is fully charged in a state where the regenerative energy is large, such as when the electric vehicle travels on a long downward slope. The brake can be controlled without using the mechanical brake, and as a result, the number of unnecessary uses of the mechanical brake can be reduced and the mechanical life can be extended. In addition, if the vehicle power supply is turned off, such as when an electric vehicle enters the garage, the energy remaining in the power storage device can be discharged for safety.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図に基づいて詳説する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

（第１の実施の形態）図１は本発明の第１の実施の形態の電気車制御装置の回路構成を示し、図２は回生制御を統括する統括制御回路の構成を示している。図１、図２において、１はＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ、２はブレーキチョッパ、３は例えば電気２重層のような電力貯蔵装置、４はブレーキ抵抗、５はリアクトル、１０は高速度遮断器、１１は充電抵抗、１２は充電抵抗短絡用接触器、１３はパンタグラフ、１４は車輪、１５は架線電源をＤＣ／ＡＣ変換するＶＶＶＦインバータ、１６は電気車用電動機、１７は統括制御回路、１８はフィルタコンデンサである。   (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows a circuit configuration of an electric vehicle control apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a configuration of an overall control circuit that controls regenerative control. 1 and 2, 1 is a DC / DC converter, 2 is a brake chopper, 3 is a power storage device such as an electric double layer, 4 is a brake resistor, 5 is a reactor, 10 is a high-speed circuit breaker, 11 is Charging resistor, 12 is a contact resistor for short-circuiting charging resistor, 13 is a pantograph, 14 is a wheel, 15 is a VVVF inverter for DC / AC conversion of overhead power, 16 is an electric vehicle motor, 17 is an overall control circuit, 18 is a filter capacitor It is.

本実施の形態の電気車制御装置は、電力貯蔵装置３へエネルギー供給するＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１とブレーキ抵抗４へエネルギー消費するブレーキチョッパ２とを併せ持ち、架線電圧の電圧値に応じて電力貯蔵装置３へのエネルギー供給とブレーキ抵抗４によるエネルギー消費とを切替制御する機能を備えたことを特徴とする。   The electric vehicle control device according to the present embodiment has a DC / DC converter 1 that supplies energy to the power storage device 3 and a brake chopper 2 that consumes energy to the brake resistor 4, and the power storage device according to the voltage value of the overhead line voltage. 3 is provided with a function of switching control between energy supply to 3 and energy consumption by the brake resistor 4.

電気車を走行させるために電気車用電動機１６を駆動するためには、パンタグラフ１３にて架線電力を取り込み、高速度遮断器１０、充電抵抗短絡用接触器１２をフィルタコンデンサ１８を充電し、このフィルタコンデンサ１８の両端電圧をＶＶＶＦインバータ１５にて可変電圧可変周波数のＤＣ／ＡＣ変換して電気車用電動機１６に給電する。尚、充電抵抗１１と充電抵抗短絡用接触器１２とは、起動時に架線から大きな突入電流が流入しないように充電抵抗短絡用接触器１２をオープンさせておいて突入電流を充電抵抗１１に流し、電流が落ち着けば充電抵抗短絡用接触器１２をクローズさせて安定した電流をＶＶＶＦインバータ１５に供給するために備えてある。   In order to drive the electric vehicle motor 16 to run the electric vehicle, the pantograph 13 takes in the overhead wire power, charges the high-speed circuit breaker 10 and the charging resistor short-circuit contactor 12 with the filter capacitor 18, The voltage between both ends of the filter capacitor 18 is DC / AC converted at a variable voltage and variable frequency by the VVVF inverter 15 and supplied to the electric vehicle motor 16. In addition, the charging resistor 11 and the charging resistor short-circuit contactor 12 open the charging resistor short-circuiting contactor 12 so that a large inrush current does not flow from the overhead line at the start-up, and flow the inrush current to the charging resistor 11. When the current settles, the charging resistance short-circuit contactor 12 is closed to supply a stable current to the VVVF inverter 15.

統括制御回路１７は、電力貯蔵装置３に蓄えられたエネルギー量が容量に満たない状態ではＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１を動作させて回生エネルギーを電力貯蔵装置３へ吸収させ、電力貯蔵装置３に蓄えられたエネルギー量が容量いっぱいになるとブレーキチョッパ装置２を動作させて回生エネルギーをブレーキ抵抗４で消費させる働きをする。   When the amount of energy stored in the power storage device 3 is less than the capacity, the overall control circuit 17 operates the DC / DC converter 1 to absorb the regenerative energy into the power storage device 3 and is stored in the power storage device 3. When the amount of energy is full, the brake chopper device 2 is operated and the regenerative energy is consumed by the brake resistor 4.

統括制御回路１７による制御動作を図３、図４を用いて説明する。ＶＶＶＦインバータ１５から回生エネルギー吸収指令αが指令される。統括制御回路１７はこの指令αを受けて、電力貯蔵装置吸収エネルギー指令βを、電力貯蔵装置３の瞬時吸収エネルギーと電力貯蔵装置３の電圧ＶＥにより回生エネルギー吸収指令αを制限して決定する。統括制御回路１７はまた、ブレーキ抵抗吸収エネルギー指令γを、回生エネルギー吸収指令αから電力貯蔵装置吸収エネルギー指令βを差し引いた値として決定する。すなわち、統括制御回路１７により、電力貯蔵装置３で吸収できなかったエネルギーをブレーキ抵抗で消費する制御をする。   The control operation by the overall control circuit 17 will be described with reference to FIGS. A regenerative energy absorption command α is commanded from the VVVF inverter 15. Upon receiving this command α, the overall control circuit 17 determines the power storage device absorption energy command β by limiting the regenerative energy absorption command α based on the instantaneous absorption energy of the power storage device 3 and the voltage VE of the power storage device 3. The overall control circuit 17 also determines the brake resistance absorption energy command γ as a value obtained by subtracting the power storage device absorption energy command β from the regenerative energy absorption command α. That is, the overall control circuit 17 performs control to consume the energy that could not be absorbed by the power storage device 3 with the brake resistance.

本実施の形態によれば、電力貯蔵装置３に蓄えられたエネルギーは、エネルギー量がいっぱいになったときにはブレーキチョッパ２が動作するため、下り勾配等においてブレーキを継続的に動作させる場合においても、電力貯蔵装置３へのエネルギー吸収を行い、かつ、継続して回生ブレーキを使用し続けることができ、機械ブレーキを使用しないでブレーキ制御を行うことができる。   According to the present embodiment, the energy stored in the power storage device 3 operates when the brake chopper 2 is continuously operated because the brake chopper 2 operates when the amount of energy is full. Energy absorption into the power storage device 3 can be performed, the regenerative brake can be continuously used, and the brake control can be performed without using the mechanical brake.

（第２の実施の形態）本発明の第２の実施の形態の電気車制御装置について説明する。本実施の形態の電気車制御装置の回路構成は図５に示すものであり、統括制御回路１７の機能構成は第１の実施の形態と同様に図２に示すものである。   (Second Embodiment) An electric vehicle control apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The circuit configuration of the electric vehicle control device of the present embodiment is as shown in FIG. 5, and the functional configuration of the overall control circuit 17 is as shown in FIG. 2 as in the first embodiment.

本実施の形態の電気車制御装置は、図１に示した第１の実施の形態の構成に対して、電力貯蔵装置３に開放用の接触器ＥＫ７を、ブレーキ抵抗４に開放用の接触器ＢＫ８を取り付け、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１としての機能とブレーキチョッパ２としての機能を持つ電力変換器６をこれらに代えて備えたことを特徴としている。尚、図５において、図１に示した第１の実施の形態の回路要素と共通する要素について共通の符号を付して示してある。   The electric vehicle control device of this embodiment is different from the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that the power storage device 3 has an opening contactor EK7 and the brake resistor 4 has an opening contactor. A BK 8 is attached, and a power converter 6 having a function as the DC / DC converter 1 and a function as the brake chopper 2 is provided instead of these. In FIG. 5, elements common to the circuit elements of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

本実施の形態の電気車制御装置では、電力貯蔵装置３に蓄えられたエネルギー量が容量に満たない状態では、統括制御回路１７が接触器ＥＫ７をオン状態にし、接触器ＢＫ８をオフ状態にすることで電力変換器６をＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータとして動作させ、回生エネルギーを電力貯蔵装置３へ吸収させる。電力貯蔵装置３に蓄えられたエネルギー量が容量いっぱいになると、統括制御回路１７が接触器ＥＫ７をオフ状態にし、接触器ＢＫ８をオン状態にすることで電力変換器６をブレーキチョッパとして動作させ、回生エネルギーをブレーキ抵抗４で消費させる。   In the electric vehicle control device of the present embodiment, when the amount of energy stored in the power storage device 3 is less than the capacity, the overall control circuit 17 turns on the contactor EK7 and turns off the contactor BK8. Thus, the power converter 6 is operated as a DC / DC converter, and the regenerative energy is absorbed by the power storage device 3. When the amount of energy stored in the power storage device 3 is full, the overall control circuit 17 turns off the contactor EK7 and turns on the contactor BK8 to operate the power converter 6 as a brake chopper. Regenerative energy is consumed by the brake resistor 4.

本実施の形態の場合、さらに、統括制御回路１７によって接触器ＥＫ７と接触器ＢＫ８との両方を同時にオン状態にすることで、ブレーキ抵抗４を電力貯蔵装置３の放電抵抗として使用する。例えば、電気車が車庫に入ってきたときに電力貯蔵装置３に残ったエネルギーを安全のために放電させる場合に、このような制御をすることができる。   In the case of the present embodiment, the brake resistance 4 is used as the discharge resistance of the power storage device 3 by simultaneously turning on both the contactor EK7 and the contactor BK8 by the overall control circuit 17. For example, such control can be performed when the energy remaining in the power storage device 3 is discharged for safety when the electric vehicle enters the garage.

尚、電力貯蔵装置３に残ったエネルギーを放電させる手段としては、図６に示すように、電力貯蔵装置３とブレーキ抵抗４との間に、接触器ＨＫ９を挿入しその接触器ＨＫ９は、車両電源がオフとなると機械的にオン状態にする接触器を使用することで、車両電源がオフ状態の時には自動的にブレーキ抵抗４と電力貯蔵装置３が接続され放電することができる。   As a means for discharging the energy remaining in the power storage device 3, as shown in FIG. 6, a contactor HK9 is inserted between the power storage device 3 and the brake resistor 4, and the contactor HK9 is connected to the vehicle. By using a contactor that is turned on mechanically when the power is turned off, the brake resistor 4 and the power storage device 3 can be automatically connected and discharged when the vehicle power is turned off.

本実施の形態によれば、電力変換器６をＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータとして動作させて回生エネルギーを電力貯蔵装置３に蓄えさせ、電力貯蔵装置３のエネルギー量がいっぱいになったときには電力変換器６をブレーキチョッパとして動作させてブレーキ抵抗４にて回生エネルギーを消費させるようにしているため、下り勾配等においてブレーキを継続的に動作させる場合においても電力貯蔵装置３へのエネルギー吸収を行い、かつ、継続して回生ブレーキを使用し続けることができ、機械ブレーキを使用しないでブレーキ制御を行うことができる。加えて、本実施の形態では、電力変換器６にＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ機能とブレーキチョッパ機能とを併せ持たせているために用品点数の削減が図れ、小型軽量化が可能である。   According to the present embodiment, the power converter 6 is operated as a DC / DC converter so that regenerative energy is stored in the power storage device 3, and when the energy amount of the power storage device 3 is full, the power converter 6 is turned on. Since it is operated as a brake chopper and regenerative energy is consumed by the brake resistor 4, energy is absorbed into the power storage device 3 and continuously even when the brake is continuously operated on a downward slope or the like. Thus, the regenerative brake can be continuously used, and the brake control can be performed without using the mechanical brake. In addition, in the present embodiment, since the power converter 6 has both the DC / DC converter function and the brake chopper function, the number of articles can be reduced, and the size and weight can be reduced.

本発明の第１の実施の形態の電気車制御装置の回路図。The circuit diagram of the electric vehicle control apparatus of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 上記実施の形態の電気車制御装置において回生エネルギー吸収制御を統括する統括制御回路の機能構成を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the function structure of the integrated control circuit which supervises regenerative energy absorption control in the electric vehicle control apparatus of the said embodiment. 上記実施の形態の電気車制御装置における統括制御回路の回生エネルギー吸収制御機能の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the regenerative energy absorption control function of the overall control circuit in the electric vehicle control apparatus of the above embodiment. 上記実施の形態の電気車制御装置における統括制御回路による回生エネルギー吸収制御動作の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the regeneration energy absorption control operation | movement by the integrated control circuit in the electric vehicle control apparatus of the said embodiment. 本発明の第２の実施の形態の電気車制御装置の回路図。The circuit diagram of the electric vehicle control apparatus of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 上記実施の形態の電気車制御装置における回生エネルギー吸収・消費回路部分の変形例の回路図。The circuit diagram of the modification of the regenerative energy absorption and consumption circuit part in the electric vehicle control apparatus of the said embodiment. 従来の電気車制御装置の回路図。The circuit diagram of the conventional electric vehicle control apparatus.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ
２ ブレーキチョッパ
３ 電力貯蔵装置
４ ブレーキ抵抗
５ リアクトル
６ 変換器
７ 接触器ＥＫ
８ 接触器ＢＫ
９ 接触器ＨＫ
１０ 高速度遮断器
１１ 充電抵抗
１２ 充電抵抗短絡接触器
１３ パンタグラフ
１４ 車輪
１５ ＶＶＶＦインバータ
１６ 電動機
１７ 統括制御回路
１８ フィルタコンデンサ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 DC / DC converter 2 Brake chopper 3 Electric power storage device 4 Brake resistance 5 Reactor 6 Converter 7 Contactor EK
8 Contactor BK
9 Contactor HK
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 High speed circuit breaker 11 Charging resistance 12 Charging resistance short circuit contactor 13 Pantograph 14 Wheel 15 VVVF inverter 16 Electric motor 17 Overall control circuit 18 Filter capacitor

Claims (5)

電気車用電動機を駆動するＶＶＶＦインバータと、
前記電気車用電動機の回生エネルギーを吸収するための電力貯蔵装置と、
前記ＶＶＶＦインバータの直流側に並列接続され、その変換出力が前記電力貯蔵装置に接続されたＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータと、
前記電力貯蔵装置に前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータからの出力を入切する第１の接触器と、
前記回生エネルギーを消費するためのブレーキ抵抗と、
前記ＶＶＶＦインバータの直流側に、前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータと共に並列接続され、その出力が前記ブレーキ抵抗に接続されたブレーキチョッパと、
前記ブレーキ抵抗に前記ブレーキチョッパからの出力を入切する第２の接触器と、
回生ブレーキ中に前記電力貯蔵装置が満充電状態になったときに前記ブレーキチョッパを動作させて前記ブレーキ抵抗で前記回生エネルギーを消費させる回生エネルギー吸収・消費制御を行う統括制御回路とを備え、
前記統括制御回路は、前記電力貯蔵装置の充電状態が満充電ではないときには前記第２の接触器を開き、かつ、前記第１の接触器を閉じて前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータを通じて前記回生エネルギーを前記電力貯蔵装置に吸収させ、前記電力貯蔵装置の充電状態が満充電となったときには前記第１の接触器を開き、かつ、前記第２の接触器を閉じて前記ブレーキ抵抗で前記回生エネルギーを消費させ、車両電源がオフ状態になったときには前記第１の接触器と第２の接触器とを共に閉じて前記電力貯蔵装置に残ったエネルギを前記ブレーキ抵抗に放電させる制御をすることを特徴とする電気車制御装置。 A VVVF inverter for driving an electric vehicle motor;
A power storage device for absorbing regenerative energy of the electric vehicle motor;
A DC / DC converter connected in parallel to the DC side of the VVVF inverter, the conversion output of which is connected to the power storage device;
A first contactor for turning on and off the output from the DC / DC converter in the power storage device;
Brake resistance for consuming the regenerative energy;
A brake chopper connected in parallel with the DC / DC converter on the DC side of the VVVF inverter, the output of which is connected to the brake resistor;
A second contactor for turning on and off the output from the brake chopper to the brake resistance;
An overall control circuit for performing regenerative energy absorption and consumption control for operating the brake chopper and consuming the regenerative energy with the brake resistance when the power storage device is fully charged during regenerative braking ,
The overall control circuit opens the second contactor when the state of charge of the power storage device is not fully charged, and closes the first contactor to supply the regenerative energy through the DC / DC converter. When the power storage device is absorbed, the first contactor is opened when the state of charge of the power storage device is full, and the second contactor is closed and the regenerative energy is consumed by the brake resistor. And when the vehicle power supply is turned off, the first contactor and the second contactor are both closed, and control is performed to discharge the energy remaining in the power storage device to the brake resistor. Electric vehicle control device. 電気車用電動機を駆動するＶＶＶＦインバータと、
前記電気車用電動機の回生エネルギーを吸収するための電力貯蔵装置と、
前記ＶＶＶＦインバータの直流側に並列接続され、その変換出力が前記電力貯蔵装置に接続されたＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータと、
前記電力貯蔵装置に前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータからの出力を入切する第１の接触器と、
前記回生エネルギーを消費するためのブレーキ抵抗と、
前記ＶＶＶＦインバータの直流側に、前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータと共に並列接続され、その出力が前記ブレーキ抵抗に接続されたブレーキチョッパと、
前記ブレーキ抵抗に前記ブレーキチョッパからの出力を入切する第２の接触器と、
回生ブレーキ中に前記電力貯蔵装置が満充電状態になったときに前記ブレーキチョッパを動作させて前記ブレーキ抵抗で前記回生エネルギーを消費させる回生エネルギー吸収・消費制御を行う統括制御回路と、
前記第１の接触器と電力貯蔵装置との接続線と、前記第２の接触器とブレーキ抵抗との接続線との間に、車両電源がオフ状態になったときに自動的に閉じて前記電力貯蔵装置に残ったエネルギを前記ブレーキ抵抗に放電させる第３の接触器とを備え、
前記統括制御回路は、前記電力貯蔵装置の充電状態が満充電ではないときには前記第２の接触器を開き、かつ、前記第１の接触器を閉じて前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータを通じて前記回生エネルギーを前記電力貯蔵装置に吸収させ、前記電力貯蔵装置の充電状態が満充電となったときには前記第１の接触器を開き、かつ、前記第２の接触器を閉じて前記ブレーキ抵抗で前記回生エネルギーを消費させる制御をすることを特徴とする電気車制御装置。 A VVVF inverter for driving an electric vehicle motor;
A power storage device for absorbing regenerative energy of the electric vehicle motor;
A DC / DC converter connected in parallel to the DC side of the VVVF inverter, the conversion output of which is connected to the power storage device;
A first contactor for turning on and off the output from the DC / DC converter in the power storage device;
Brake resistance for consuming the regenerative energy;
A brake chopper connected in parallel with the DC / DC converter on the DC side of the VVVF inverter, the output of which is connected to the brake resistor;
A second contactor for turning on and off the output from the brake chopper to the brake resistance;
An overall control circuit for performing regenerative energy absorption and consumption control for operating the brake chopper when the power storage device is fully charged during regenerative braking and consuming the regenerative energy with the brake resistance;
Between the connection line between the first contactor and the power storage device, and the connection line between the second contactor and the brake resistor, when the vehicle power source is turned off, it is automatically closed and the A third contactor for discharging the energy remaining in the power storage device to the brake resistor;
The overall control circuit opens the second contactor when the state of charge of the power storage device is not fully charged, and closes the first contactor to supply the regenerative energy through the DC / DC converter. When the power storage device is absorbed, the first contactor is opened when the state of charge of the power storage device is full, and the second contactor is closed and the regenerative energy is consumed by the brake resistor. it characterized in that the control makes electrical vehicle control device. 前記統括制御回路は、前記電力貯蔵装置の充電状態を監視して、前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータとブレーキチョッパとの回生エネルギー消費分担を統括制御することを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の電気車制御装置。 The integrated control circuit monitors the state of charge of the power storage device, according to claim 1 or 2 electric vehicle, wherein the product that controls the regenerative energy sharing between the DC / DC converter and the brake chopper Control device. 前記統括制御回路は、前記電力貯蔵装置の充電状態が満充電となったときに、前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータの吸収電力指令値を減少させ、前記ブレーキチョッパの消費電力指令値を増加させる制御をすることを特徴とする請求項３に記載の電気車制御装置。 The overall control circuit controls to decrease the absorbed power command value of the DC / DC converter and increase the power consumption command value of the brake chopper when the state of charge of the power storage device is fully charged. The electric vehicle control device according to claim 3 . 前記ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータとブレーキチョッパとに代えて、これらを兼用する電力変換器を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の電気車制御装置。   The electric vehicle control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a power converter that doubles as the DC / DC converter and the brake chopper.
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