JP4673923B2 - Liquid processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus for separating heavy metals contained in a liquid flowing through drainage flowing through a sewer pipe or a waste liquid processing facility in a factory.

  Wastewater such as rainwater flowing into sewers laid in urban areas is partly stored or discharged into the ground by facilities that store or infiltrate rainwater, and the rest is discharged into rivers. Rainwater drainage flowing into sewers from roads where metal roofs and automobiles pass contains many harmful heavy metals such as lead, zinc, manganese and chromium.

  When such rainwater containing heavy metals is continuously discharged from the infiltration tank into the ground for a long time, for example, heavy metals are gradually dispersed and accumulated in the ground, and the underground environment such as soil and groundwater deteriorates. Therefore, it is desirable to separate and remove heavy metals from rainwater as much as possible when infiltrating rainwater underground.

  In recent years, porous concrete has attracted attention as a material for separating heavy metals contained in wastewater by adsorption. Porous concrete is porous concrete in which fine voids are continuous in a three-dimensional network, and has liquid permeability and strong alkalinity.For example, when heavy metal contained in an ionic state in water comes into contact with porous concrete, Due to its alkaline environment, it is solidified as a hydroxide and separated from water.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes porous concrete in which blast furnace slow-cooled slag containing non-sulfuric sulfur is mixed with cement or aggregate. This porous concrete is a three-dimensional mesh porous concrete having a porosity of 10 to 50%, and has liquid permeability. The porous concrete is brought into contact with a liquid containing a heavy metal or passed through a liquid containing a heavy metal. The contained heavy metal can be separated efficiently.

  Porous concrete that can adsorb and separate heavy metals is described in Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4 and the like in addition to Patent Document 1 described above.

  On the other hand, solid materials such as earth and sand, various kinds of garbage, papers, fallen leaves, etc. are also mixed in the rainwater drainage, and if these solids adhere to the surface of porous concrete that separates heavy metals or voids, There is a problem that the separation efficiency is lowered.

  In order to solve this problem, Patent Document 2 describes a heavy metal processing apparatus provided with a pretreatment tank for separating solids. This heavy metal processing apparatus is configured by connecting a gravity sedimentation type pretreatment tank and a heavy metal treatment tank in which a porous concrete plate is disposed.

  The heavy metal processing apparatus of Patent Document 2 first separates most of the solids contained in the liquid in the pretreatment tank with a screen, then supplies the liquid to the heavy metal treatment tank, and the liquid passes through the porous concrete plate. At this time, heavy metals are adsorbed and separated.

  In this heavy metal processing equipment, in order to solve the problem of solid matter adhesion to the porous concrete plate, the porous concrete plate is placed horizontally in the heavy metal processing tank, and the liquid flowing out from the pretreatment tank is supplied to the lower side of the porous concrete board. The supplied liquid is allowed to permeate upward from the lower side of the porous concrete plate so that at least the solid matter adhering to the lower surface of the porous concrete plate is easily separated and dropped by gravity.

Japanese Patent No. 4141794 US Publication No. US2008 / 0121579 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-314723 JP 10-314720 A

  However, in the heavy metal processing apparatus described in Patent Document 2, another problem arises that solids are likely to adhere to the screen in the pretreatment tank, and it is necessary to perform the removal work of the attached solids in a relatively short cycle. To do. In general, rainwater drainage treatment is required to be maintenance-free for a considerably long period of time, and thus a conventionally used screen-type separator cannot be used as it is.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to solve the problem of solid substance separation in the heavy metal processing apparatus using porous concrete.

A first liquid processing apparatus that solves the above problems includes a pretreatment tank that separates solids contained in an inflowing liquid, and a heavy metal treatment that separates heavy metals contained in the liquid flowing out of the pretreatment tank by a porous concrete body. In a liquid processing apparatus including a tank, a pretreatment tank is formed in a partition plate that partitions the interior into an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber, a screen formed in the partition plate, an inflow portion formed in the inflow chamber, and an outflow chamber. An inflow chamber is provided with a guide portion for reversing the liquid flowing in from the inflow portion to generate a vertical swirling flow in the inflow chamber. Arranged along the side, the heavy metal treatment tank has a supply chamber and a discharge chamber partitioned by a porous concrete body, the outflow part of the pretreatment tank communicates with the supply part formed in the supply chamber, and the discharge chamber has liquid Discharge section It is formed, when the liquid is discharged to the discharge chamber side through the porous concrete bodies from the feed chamber side, in which heavy metals contained in the liquid is characterized by being configured so as to be separated.

  The second liquid processing apparatus is the above-described first liquid processing apparatus, wherein the inflow chamber and the outflow chamber of the pretreatment tank are partitioned by two partition plates arranged in parallel to each other, and a screen is provided for each partition plate. Formed, the inflow chamber is formed between the two partition plates, the outflow portion is formed in the outflow chamber on the discharge side of the screen formed in the partition plate, and the outflow portion and the supply portion of the heavy metal treatment tank communicate with each other It is characterized by

  Further, the third liquid processing apparatus is the first or second liquid processing apparatus, wherein the pretreatment tank is provided with a partition for dividing the inflow chamber into an upper first chamber and a lower second chamber, An opening is formed in the section, an inflow portion and a guiding portion are formed in the first chamber, the screen is arranged along the side of the vertical swirl flow generated in the first chamber, and the opening is opened in the second chamber A depositing part is formed in which solid matter descending from the part can be deposited.

  In addition, the fourth liquid processing apparatus is any one of the first to third liquid processing apparatuses, wherein a support body having a penetrating portion is disposed in the heavy metal processing tank, and cylindrical porous concrete is formed from the penetrating portion of the support body. The body is extended coaxially, and the heavy metal contained in the liquid is separated when the liquid flowing from the supply chamber side through the through-hole of the support flows from the inside to the outside of the porous concrete body. It is characterized by.

  Further, the fifth liquid processing apparatus according to any one of the first to third liquid processing apparatuses, wherein the supply chamber and the discharge chamber of the heavy metal processing tank are partitioned by two plate-like porous concrete bodies arranged in parallel to each other. The supply chamber is formed between two porous concrete bodies, a discharge portion is formed in the discharge chamber on the discharge side of each porous concrete body, and the supply chamber and the liquid flowing in from the supply portion are reversed in the supply chamber. The guide chamber for generating the vertical swirl flow is provided in the supply chamber, and the two porous concrete bodies are arranged along the side surface of the swirl flow to be generated. is there.

  The sixth liquid processing apparatus is the fifth liquid processing apparatus according to the fifth liquid processing apparatus, wherein the heavy metal processing tank is provided with a partition that divides the supply chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and an opening is formed in the partition. Solid material that is formed in the side chamber, the two porous concrete bodies are arranged along the side of the vertical swirl flow generated in the upper chamber, and descends from the opening in the lower chamber It is characterized in that a depositing portion capable of depositing is formed.

  In the seventh liquid processing apparatus, in any one of the first to sixth liquid processing apparatuses, an overflow tank is provided in a liquid supply pipe for supplying a liquid to be processed to the heavy metal processing apparatus. The inflow part of the treatment tank is communicated, and the discharge part of the heavy metal treatment tank is communicated with an infiltration tank that permeates the liquid underground.

  The eighth liquid processing apparatus is any one of the first to seventh liquid processing apparatuses, wherein the screen of the pretreatment tank includes a wedge wire screen in which a plurality of wedge wires having a wedge-shaped cross section are arranged in the vertical direction. It is characterized by being.

  The first liquid processing apparatus of the present invention is characterized by combining a new screen type pretreatment tank having a special structure and a heavy metal treatment tank. That is, the pretreatment tank includes a partition plate that divides the interior into an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber, a screen formed in the partition plate, an inflow portion formed in the inflow chamber, and an outflow portion formed in the outflow chamber, The inflow chamber is provided with a guide portion for reversing the liquid flowing in from the inflow portion to generate a vertical swirling flow in the inflow chamber, and the screen is a side surface of the generated swirling flow (the meaning of this side surface will be described later) Are arranged along

  Since the pretreatment tank according to the present invention can efficiently separate fine solids with high performance, the porous concrete body provided in the downstream heavy metal treatment tank does not clog with solids, and is stable for a long time. Driving becomes possible. In addition, the liquid flowing into the inflow chamber generates a swirling flow in the vertical direction by the action of the guiding portion provided inside, and the screen is disposed along the side surface of the swirling flow. It circulates while swirling along the surface of the screen, so that the solid matter hardly adheres to the screen. Even if a small amount of solid matter temporarily adheres to the surface of the screen, the attached solid matter is immediately washed away with a swirling flow and peeled off, so the screen can be operated continuously for a long time without clogging. become.

  In the second liquid processing apparatus, in the first liquid processing apparatus, the inflow chamber and the outflow chamber of the pretreatment tank are partitioned by two partition plates arranged in parallel to each other, and a screen is formed on each partition plate. The inflow chamber can be formed between the two partition plates, an outflow portion can be formed in the outflow chamber on the discharge side of the screen formed in the partition plate, and the outflow portion can be communicated with the supply portion of the heavy metal treatment tank.

  In this way, when the screens are arranged on two parallel partition plates and a vertical swirl flow is generated inside them, the effective transmission area of the screen is doubled compared to the case of one screen, so the unit volume The processing stress per unit is also doubled, and the solid matter adhering to the two screens with the same swirling flow can be washed away at the same time on the left and right to be separated.

  In the third liquid processing apparatus, in the first or second liquid processing apparatus, a division body is provided for dividing the inflow chamber of the pretreatment tank into an upper first chamber and a lower second chamber. An opening is formed in the body, an inflow portion and a guiding portion are formed in the first chamber, and the screen is disposed along the side surface of the swirling flow in the vertical direction generated in the first chamber. It is possible to form a deposition portion where the descending solid matter can be deposited.

  If comprised in this way, the solid substance isolate | separated in the 1st chamber will be induced | guided | derived to the 2nd chamber from the opening part formed in the division body, and will fall (fall or discharge | emit), and in that case, a solid substance will be in a 2nd chamber Since there is virtually no other force to raise again, there is no risk that the solid will rise from the opening and return to the first chamber to separate the solid. Therefore, the ratio of the solid matter separated by the screen staying in the swirl flow for a long time inside the first chamber is reduced, and as a result, the separated solid matter may be reattached to the surface of the screen in the first chamber. Is also significantly reduced.

  In the fourth liquid processing apparatus, in any one of the first to third liquid processing apparatuses, a support body having a penetrating portion is disposed in the heavy metal treatment tank, and cylindrical porous concrete is formed from the penetrating portion of the support body. The body is extended coaxially, and the heavy metal contained in the liquid is separated when the liquid flowing from the supply chamber side through the through-hole of the support body flows from the inside to the outside of the porous concrete body. Can do.

  If comprised in this way, since the process area (liquid distribution area) per volume in a porous concrete body can be enlarged, a heavy metal processing tank can be reduced in size.

  In the fifth liquid processing apparatus, the supply chamber and the discharge chamber of the heavy metal processing tank are partitioned by two plate-like porous concrete bodies arranged in parallel to each other in the first to third liquid processing apparatuses. The supply chamber is formed between two porous concrete bodies, the discharge section is formed in the discharge chamber on the discharge side of each porous concrete body, and the supply section and the liquid flowing from the supply section are reversed in the supply chamber. Thus, a guiding portion for generating a vertical swirling flow can be provided in the supply chamber, and two porous concrete bodies can be arranged along the side surface of the swirling flow to be generated.

  By arranging two porous concrete bodies in this way, the processing area (liquid flow area) of the porous concrete body per volume of the heavy metal tank can be increased, and thus the heavy metal processing tank can be made compact. In addition, since the two porous concrete bodies are arranged along the side of the swirling flow to be generated, for example, the fine solid matter that has passed through the screen of the pretreatment tank may slightly flow into the heavy metal treatment tank. However, since the inflowing solids are always washed away from the surface of the porous concrete body by the swirling flow and peeled off, the possibility of solids adhering to the surface of the porous concrete body is low, and a mesh-like shape is formed from the surface of the porous concrete body. The possibility that the solid matter enters the fine pores and clogs is reduced.

  Further, in the sixth liquid processing apparatus, in the fifth liquid processing apparatus, a division body for dividing the supply chamber of the heavy metal treatment tank into an upper chamber and a lower chamber is provided, an opening is formed in the division body, and the upper chamber Forming a feeding part and a guiding part, and arranging two porous concrete bodies along the side of the vertical swirl flow that generates in the upper chamber, and solid matter descending from the opening in the lower chamber A deposition part that can be deposited can be formed.

  With this configuration, a small amount of solid separated by the swirling flow at the upper side is guided to the lower chamber from the opening formed in the section and falls (falls or discharges). There is virtually no other force to raise the object again, so there is no risk that the solid will rise from the opening and return to the upper chamber. For this reason, the ratio of the solid matter separated by the screen staying on the swirl flow for a long time inside the upper chamber is reduced, and as a result, the separated solid matter may be reattached to the surface of the porous concrete in the upper chamber. Decrease significantly.

  In the seventh liquid processing apparatus, in any one of the first to sixth liquid processing apparatuses, an overflow tank is provided in a liquid supply conduit for supplying a liquid to be processed to the heavy metal processing apparatus. The inflow part of a processing tank can be connected, and the discharge | emission part of a heavy metal processing tank can be connected to the osmosis | permeation tank which osmose | permeates a liquid underground.

  If comprised in this way, when the flow volume of the liquid which flows into a liquid supply pipe line exceeds the processing capacity of a heavy metal processing apparatus, the excess liquid can be discharged by bypassing, for example to a river etc. from an overflow tank. And only the liquid which separated heavy metal can be discharged | emitted to an infiltration tank, and can be made to osmose | permeate underground.

  In the eighth liquid processing apparatus, in any one of the first to seventh liquid processing apparatuses, the screen of the pretreatment tank is configured by a wedge wire screen in which a plurality of wedge wires having a wedge-shaped cross section are arranged in the vertical direction. Can do.

  Since such a wedge wire screen can also separate fine solids efficiently, the possibility of clogging the porous concrete body provided in the downstream heavy metal treatment tank with the solids is further reduced. It becomes possible to perform a stable continuous operation for a long time. In addition, the wedge wire screen that separates fine solids in the pretreatment tank will increase the amount of solids attached in a general usage form, but it generates a vertical swirl flow as in the present invention. By arranging the wedge wire screen along the side surface of the swirl flow, it is possible to effectively prevent the solid matter from adhering. That is, it is possible to simultaneously achieve the contradictory purposes of the fine solid separation function and the adhesion prevention function.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The 1st Example of the heavy metal processing apparatus used as embodiment of this invention is shown typically, (a) is AA sectional drawing of (b), (b) is BB cross section of (a). FIG. The 2nd Example of a heavy metal processing apparatus is shown typically, (a) is CC sectional drawing of (b), (b) is DD sectional drawing of (a). The 3rd Example of a heavy metal processing apparatus is shown typically, (a) is the EE sectional view of (b), (b) is FF sectional drawing of (a). The 4th Example of a heavy metal processing apparatus is shown typically, (a) is a GG surface figure of (b), (b) is HH sectional drawing of (a). 5 schematically shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. (A) is the perspective view which looked at the wedge wire screen from the front, (b) is the perspective view which looked at it from diagonally upward. It is a partial expanded sectional view of the wedge wire and slit which comprise a wedge wire screen.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Each embodiment described below relates to a heavy metal processing apparatus to which the liquid processing apparatus of the present invention is applied.

  FIGS. 1A and 1B schematically show a first embodiment of a heavy metal processing apparatus, wherein FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1B, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

  The heavy metal processing apparatus 1 includes a pretreatment tank 2 and a heavy metal treatment tank 3. In the present embodiment, the pretreatment tank 2 and the heavy metal treatment tank 3 are configured in a common tank format, but the two can be separated into independent tank structures, and the tanks can be connected by piping. (The same applies to each embodiment described later.)

  The peripheral wall and bottom plate of the pretreatment tank 2 and the heavy metal treatment tank 3 constituting the heavy metal treatment tank 1 can be made of concrete, fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), or resin such as polyethylene. Further, the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 can be covered with a lid 4 that can be opened and closed as shown in the figure, but this lid 4 can be made of a metal plate such as an iron plate or a stainless steel plate, or a material similar to the above-mentioned peripheral wall. it can.

  In the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, liquid to be treated such as rainwater drainage or factory wastewater is supplied from a liquid supply pipe such as a drain pipe, but the liquid supply pipe is laid on the ground or underground. Accordingly, the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 can also be installed on the ground or installed underground by digging down the ground surface. However, when installing in the basement, it is desirable that the operator can approach the upper surface of the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 from the ground for the convenience of maintenance.

  Next, the pretreatment tank 2 constituting the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 will be described. In the pretreatment tank 2, two partition plates 25 that divide the interior into an inflow chamber 5 and an outflow chamber 6 are arranged in a vertical direction and in parallel to each other, and a screen 8 is formed on each partition plate 25. The inflow chamber 5 is formed in a space surrounded by the inner sides of the two partition plates 25 and the peripheral walls 7 and 7 a, and a liquid inflow portion 5 a is formed above the peripheral wall 7. Only one of the combinations of the partition plate 25 and the screen 8 can be arranged (one set is arranged on one side of the swirling flow).

  The inflow portion 5a is formed so as to penetrate the peripheral wall 7 portion, and a liquid supply pipe line can be attached thereto from the outside. On the other hand, the outflow chamber 6 is formed in two spaces surrounded by the outside of the two partition plates 25 and the peripheral walls 7, 7a, 7b, respectively, and a liquid outflow portion 6a is formed in the upper part of the peripheral wall 7a facing each space. Has been. The outflow portion 6a is formed through the peripheral wall 7a. In the present embodiment, the outflow part 6a is also used as the supply part 11a of the heavy metal treatment tank 3 adjacent to the pretreatment tank 2.

  Inside the inflow chamber 5 are a plate-like guide portion 9 for reversing the flowing liquid flowing in from the inflow portion 5a in the horizontal direction, and a guiding portion for reversing the flow solution reversed downward to the inflow portion 5a side. 9a is provided, and a swirling flow in the vertical direction is generated in the flowing liquid in the inflow chamber 5 by the direction change promoting action of the guide portions 9 and 9a.

  The guiding portions 9, 9a can be made of steel, FRP, resin such as polyethylene, concrete, or the like. These guide portions 9 and 9a may be arcuately bulged to the corner side (outside). In some cases, the guiding portion 9a can be omitted, and in addition to the guiding portions 9 and 9a, a similar guiding portion can be provided on at least one of the lower end portion and the upper end portion of the peripheral wall 7.

  The partition plate 25 can be made of the same material as that of the guide portion. As the screen 8 formed on the partition plate 25, a punching metal screen made of a punching metal punched by stamping a metal plate such as stainless steel, which is conventionally used in this field, can be used. However, when the metal plate needs to have a thickness of several millimeters, the hole diameter that can be processed into the plate thickness will be several millimeters, so that a fine solid material, for example, an average particle size of about several microns (μm) to 1 mm. When separating solids, it is desirable to use a wedge wire screen suitable for such a range of separation.

  In addition, when using a punching metal screen, the hole diameter of the screen is preferably (1 mm to 5 mm), and the aperture ratio is preferably about (15% to 30%). Further, when using a wedge wire screen, the screen mesh width is (10 μm to 1 mm), preferably (100 μm to 500 μm).

  In addition, when the edge part of the screen 8 can be directly fixed to a side wall etc., the partition plate 25 can also be abbreviate | omitted (a following example is also the same).

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, a wedge wire screen is used. Next, the wedge wire screen will be specifically described.

  FIG. 6A is a perspective view of the wedge wire screen 8 (used as the screen 8 of FIG. 1) viewed from the front, and FIG. 6B is a perspective view of the wedge wire screen 8 viewed obliquely from above. The wedge wire screen 8 is configured by arranging a plurality of wedge wires 8a having a wedge-shaped cross section in parallel, and minute slits 8b of about 10 μm to 1 mm are formed between the wedge wires 8a. Each wedge wire 8a is fixed to a plurality of support bars 8c by spot welding or the like. Each wedge wire 8a and support bar 8c are made of a corrosion-resistant metal material such as stainless steel. Each slit 8b formed in the wedge wire screen 8 blocks the passage of solids of about 10 μm to 1 mm, and allows only a flowing liquid containing solids smaller than the slit width to pass. The wedge wire screen 8 is provided on the partition plate 25 so that the axial direction of each wedge wire 8a coincides with the vertical direction of the pretreatment tank 2.

  FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the wedge wire 8a and the slit 8b constituting the wedge wire screen 8 shown in FIG. The wedge wires 8a having a wedge-shaped cross section are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval, and the surface of the head 8d forms a part of the surface on the inflow chamber side. The wedge axis S extending in the vertical direction from the surface of the head 8d is inclined downstream in the vertical swirl flow direction along the inner surface of the inflow chamber 3 indicated by the arrow L. The angle α between the swirling flow direction L and the surface of the head 8d is set to 3 to 8 degrees, usually about 5 degrees.

  When the axis S of each wedge wire 8a is inclined in this way, as shown in the drawing, the end 8e of the head 8d on the upstream side of the swirl flow is located inside the inflow chamber 5 from the end 8f of the head 8d on the downstream side. Protrude in the direction. Therefore, the swirling flow collides with the protruding end portion 8e of each wedge wire 8a and is efficiently drawn into the slit 8b by the Coanda effect. Therefore, if the slit width is reduced to separate solids in micron units, the aperture ratio of the screen becomes very small, but the liquid permeability is improved by the Coanda effect and the aperture ratio of the screen is substantially increased. Demonstrate. If the liquid permeability can be improved in this way, the separation processing capability can be maintained at a considerable level even if the slit interval is extremely small in order to separate the fine solid matter.

  The wedge wire screen 8 shown in FIG. 1 is divided into upper and lower portions with an intermediate portion in the vertical direction as a boundary. The axis S of the wedge extending in the vertical direction from the surface of the head 8d in the upper wedge wire screen 8 and the lower wedge wire screen 8 is inclined in the opposite direction to the inside of the inflow chamber 3 indicated by arrows. It inclines in the downstream of the swirl flow direction of the up-down direction along.

  Next, the heavy metal processing tank 3 which comprises the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 is demonstrated. The heavy metal treatment tank 3 includes a supply chamber 11 and a discharge chamber 12 partitioned by a porous concrete body 10. In the supply chamber 11, two supply portions 11 a that are also used as the two outflow portions 6 a of the pretreatment tank 2 are formed, and a liquid discharge portion 12 a is formed in the upper portion of the peripheral wall 13 constituting the discharge chamber 12. Yes. In addition, although the discharge part 12a is formed through the peripheral wall 13 portion, as will be described later, for example, a pipe communicating with a permeation tank that permeates rainwater or the like underground is connected to the discharge part 12a.

  A support plate 14 is detachably arranged in the horizontal direction (or in a fixed state) inside the peripheral wall of the heavy metal treatment tank 3, and a through hole 14 a is formed at the center of the support plate 14. A cylindrical body 15 for removing sediment is coaxially fixed to the through hole 14a, and nine porous concrete block plates 10a are stacked in two stages so as to surround the cylindrical body 15, and the plurality of porous concrete block plates 10a. A porous concrete body 10 is configured. In addition, each porous concrete block board 10a may be one level depending on the case, or may be stacked three or more levels.

  Porous concrete body 10 separates heavy metals contained in liquid form in ionic form from the liquid mainly in an alkaline environment and is generally used under normal pressure using cement and single-grain aggregate. Can be manufactured by molding by molding with a raw material obtained by adding foaming substance to sand to cement with an autoclave or the like. For example, it is described in Patent Document 1 (Patent No. 4141794). The concrete can also be used after being shaped into a predetermined plate shape. The porosity of the porous concrete body 10 used in the present invention is preferably 10 to 50%, particularly about 20 to 30%.

  The porous concrete body 10 can also be produced by mixing one or more additives such as zeolite, iron oxide and iron hydroxide with raw materials such as ordinary Portland cement and blast furnace cement. Those added with these additives can additionally utilize the effects of the additives such as ion exchange ability, catalytic ability, and adsorption ability. In addition, a powder or a granular thing can be added to a concrete material. Also, one porous concrete board 10 is formed by mixing an additive with, for example, a resin binder and forming it into a plate shape, or filling a powder or granular additive into a flat bag such as a water-permeable cloth. It may be arranged on the top or between two porous concrete plates 10.

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. When the liquid is supplied into the inflow chamber 5 as indicated by the arrow from the inflow portion 5a formed in the upper portion of the inflow chamber 5 of the pretreatment tank 2, the liquid flow generates a swirling flow in the vertical direction inside the inflow chamber 5. To do. That is, the supplied liquid flow flows horizontally in the upper part of the inflow chamber 5 while being restricted on both sides by two parallel partition plates 25 and the opposed surfaces of the screen 8 formed thereon, and the guiding part 9 in the upper part on the downstream side. Then, it is guided by the lower guiding portion 9a and then changed in the horizontal direction. After flowing downward in the inflow chamber horizontally to the upstream side, it rises along the peripheral wall 7 and returns to the inflow portion 5a region. Circulate like so. The swirling flow in the vertical direction is generated continuously as long as the liquid flow continues from the inflow portion 5a.

  The swirl flow in the vertical direction circulates in the inflow chamber 5 as described above. When the swirl flow is viewed as a bundle of flows, the upper surface of the swirl flow bundle flows horizontally from the inflow portion 5a. When it descends by being guided by the guiding part 9 and returns to the upstream side through the lower part of the inflow chamber 5, it becomes the upper surface. And the screen 8 is arrange | positioned so that the side surface perpendicular | vertical to the upper and lower surfaces of such a swirl flow may be followed.

  The liquid flow that has passed through the screen 8 flows into the outflow chamber 6 and is supplied to the heavy metal treatment tank 3 through the outflow portion 6a. On the other hand, the solid matter that is prevented from passing to the outflow chamber 6 by the screen 8 is circulated in the inflow chamber 5 as it is in a vertical swirling flow. At this time, some solid matter may temporarily adhere to the surface of the screen 8, but the screen 8 is disposed along the side surface of the swirling flow in the vertical direction and temporarily adheres to the screen 8. Since the solid matter is separated by the swirling flow in the vertical direction, there is no possibility that the screen 8 is clogged.

  Of the solids circulating in the inflow chamber 5 on the swirling flow, those having a relatively high specific gravity gradually accumulate on the bottom of the inflow chamber 5 due to gravity. It circulates inside the inflow chamber 5. However, even if the pretreatment tank 2 is continuously operated for a long period of time, the accumulated amount of fine solids is only a small value compared to the internal volume of the inflow chamber 5, so the operation is stopped for cleaning the pretreatment tank 2. The need to shorten the interval is low, and in most cases there is no practical problem.

  The flowing liquid flowing into the supply chamber 11 formed below the heavy metal processing tank 3 through the outflow part 6a (supply part 11a) from the pretreatment tank 2 ascends from the porous concrete body 10 disposed horizontally. It permeates and is discharged from the discharge chamber 12 to the outside through the discharge portion 12a. When the flowing liquid passes through the mesh-like fine continuous voids (continuous voids) of the porous concrete body 10, the ionic heavy metal is hydroxideized and separated as a solid in the alkaline environment of the porous concrete body 10. Then, it becomes a clean liquid flow and is discharged from the discharge portion 12a.

  The plate thickness of the porous concrete body 10 is desirably set in a range in which the solid matter derived from heavy metal staying in the fine pores at the average flow velocity of the liquid does not reach the downstream side. It is sufficient to set the thickness of the porous concrete body 10 in the range of the porosity in the range of 20 to 30 cm in consideration of the safety factor as 800 to 900 liters / minute per 1 m 2 of the surface area of the concrete body. .

  In general, the flow rate of sewage drainage changes periodically depending on the influence of rain and the time of day, and often stays temporarily. When the flow rate exists, solid matter gradually adheres to the pores of the porous concrete body 10, but when the flow rate stagnates (or is interrupted) when the rain stops, the attached solid matter is downstream (porous). The water on the upper side of the concrete body 10 flows backward and is washed away downward. Further, since the porous concrete body 10 is always in water, it does not dry even if it is solid, so it does not stick to the porous concrete body 10. Therefore, even if the porous concrete body 10 is operated for a long period of time, the solid matter adhesion amount is not very high.

  When the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 is operated for a long period of time, a considerable amount of solid matter is deposited at the bottom of the pretreatment tank 2, and a certain amount of solid matter and fine sediment are also deposited at the bottom of the heavy metal treatment tank 3. Therefore, the operation of the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 is stopped, and these solids are recovered outside. In the recovery operation, first, the lid 4 that closes the upper portion of the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 is opened, and then the solid and rainwater deposited on the bottom of the pretreatment tank 2 are recovered by vacuum suction or the like, and the heavy metal processing tank 3, solid matter, sediment and rainwater deposited on the bottom of the cylinder 15 through the cylinder 15 are collected by vacuum suction or the like. And after cleaning, although it is necessary to inject water into the inside of the heavy metal processing apparatus 1, fresh water passes through the inside of the porous concrete body 10 by injecting fresh water from the water truck to the upper part of the porous concrete body 10. Since it flows to the bottom, the continuous void inside the porous concrete body 10 is thereby washed and the purification function is restored.

  2A and 2B schematically show a second embodiment of the heavy metal processing apparatus, wherein FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 2B, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and a different part from the first embodiment is that a pre-treatment tank 2 is provided with a section, and other parts are configured similarly. . Accordingly, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals (numbers), and redundant description is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, a division body 22 is provided for dividing the inflow chamber 5 of the pretreatment tank 2 into an upper first chamber 20 and a lower second chamber 21, and an opening 23 is formed in the division body 22. . In the first chamber 20, an inflow portion 5a is formed and guidance portions 9 and 9a are provided. The screen 8 of the partition plate 25 is disposed along the side surface of the vertical swirl flow generated in the first chamber 20, and the depositing portion 24 in which solid matter descending from the opening 23 can be accumulated in the second chamber 21. Is formed.

  Next, the operation of the pretreatment tank 2 which is a characteristic part of the present embodiment will be described. When liquid is supplied into the inflow chamber 5 as indicated by an arrow from the inflow portion 5a formed in the upper portion of the inflow chamber 5 of the pretreatment tank 2, the liquid flow generates a swirling flow in the vertical direction inside the inflow chamber 5. To do. The liquid flow that has passed through the screen 8 flows into the outflow chamber 6 and is supplied to the heavy metal treatment tank 3 through the outflow portion 6a. On the other hand, the solid matter that is prevented from passing to the outflow chamber 6 by the screen 8 is circulated in the inflow chamber 5 as it is in a vertical swirling flow.

  The solid material circulating in the swirl flow in the first chamber 20 gradually falls from the opening 23 of the section 22 to the second chamber 21 below and accumulates in the accumulation portion 24 each time it circulates. Therefore, the amount of solids circulating in the first chamber 20 having the solids separation function is always maintained at a low level.

  FIG. 3 schematically shows a third embodiment of the heavy metal processing apparatus, wherein (a) is an EE plane view of (b), and (b) is an FF cross-sectional view of (a). This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and a different part from the first embodiment is that the shape of the porous concrete body 10 provided in the heavy metal treatment tank 2 is different, and the others are the same. Configured. Accordingly, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals (numbers), and redundant description is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, the shape of the porous concrete body 10 disposed inside the heavy metal treatment tank 3 is cylindrical. A plate-like support 30 is detachably (or fixedly) disposed on the inner wall of the heavy metal treatment tank 3, and the porous concrete body 10 is supported on the support 30. Specifically, four cylindrical (cylindrical in this embodiment) porous concrete bodies 10 are coaxially formed from the positions of the four circular through holes 30a formed in the central portion of the support 30 and the support. 30 is extended perpendicularly.

  The support body 30 in the present embodiment is made of porous concrete made of the same material as that of the cylindrical porous concrete body 10, and the heavy metal can be adsorbed on the support body 30 as well. And the lower part of the cylindrical porous concrete body 10 is inserted and supported in the annular groove (not shown) formed in the periphery of the through-hole 31 of the support body 30. As shown in FIG. However, the support 30 may be made of a metal plate such as stainless steel or FRP.

  In this embodiment, the pretreatment tank 2 is configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment of FIG. 1, but this pretreatment tank 2 has the same configuration as the pretreatment tank 2 in the second embodiment of FIG. There may be.

  Next, the operation of the heavy metal treatment tank 3 which is a characteristic part of the present embodiment will be described. A part of the liquid flowing from the pretreatment tank 2 into the supply chamber 11 formed below the heavy metal treatment tank 3 through the outflow part 6a (or the supply part 11a of the heavy metal treatment tank 3) rises and is disposed horizontally. The supported body 30 is permeated from the lower side to the upper side to be discharged into the discharge chamber 12, and most of the remaining liquid flows up the inside of the four porous concrete bodies 10 and permeates the peripheral wall from the inner side to the outer side. And discharged into the discharge chamber 12. When the flowing liquid passes through the porous concrete body 10 and the like, the ionic heavy metal is adsorbed and separated by the ion adsorption function of the porous concrete body 10 and the like, and becomes a clean liquid flow from the discharge chamber 12 to the discharge portion 12a. It is discharged outside through.

  When the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 is operated for a long period of time, a certain amount of solid matter and fine sediment are deposited on the bottom of the heavy metal processing tank 3. Therefore, the operation of the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 is stopped and the solid matter is recovered outside. Specifically, first, the lid 4 that closes the upper portion of the heavy metal treatment apparatus 1 is opened, and then the solids and sediment deposited on the bottom of the heavy metal treatment tank 3 are vacuumed through the cylindrical porous concrete body 10. Collect by suction.

  4A and 4B schematically show a fourth embodiment of the heavy metal processing apparatus, wherein FIG. 4A is a GG plane view of FIG. 4B and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of HA of FIG. This embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and different parts from the second embodiment are the peripheral wall portion of the inflow chamber 5 provided in the pretreatment tank 1 and the porous provided in the heavy metal treatment tank 2. This is the arrangement structure of the concrete body 10, and the other parts are configured similarly. Accordingly, the same parts as those of the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals (numbers), and redundant description is omitted.

  The pretreatment tank 2 of the present embodiment is provided with a division body 22 that divides the inflow chamber 5 into an upper first chamber 20 and a lower second chamber 21, and an opening 23 is formed in the division body 22. ing. The first chamber 20 includes two partition plates 25 extending in parallel with each other in the lateral direction from the peripheral wall 7, a screen 8 formed on the partition plate 25, and a partition plate that closes the downstream edge of each screen 8. 25 and the inner space surrounded by the division body 22. An inflow portion 5 a is formed in the upper portion of the peripheral wall 7, and guide portions 9 and 9 a are provided in the first chamber 20.

  The second chamber 21 is constituted by an internal space surrounded by the tank bottom plate, the peripheral wall 7, the partition plate 25, and the division body 22, and a depositing portion 24 in which solid matter descending from the opening 23 can be deposited. It is formed.

  The two screens 8 are arranged along the side surface of the vertical swirl flow generated by the guide portions 9 and 9 a in the first chamber 20, and the outflow chamber is provided on the discharge side (downstream side) of the two screens 8. 6 is formed, and an outflow part 6 a (supply part 11 a) is formed in the upper part of the outflow chamber 6.

  The heavy metal treatment tank 3 of the present embodiment is partitioned by two plate-like porous concrete bodies 10 in which a supply chamber 11 and a discharge chamber 12 are arranged in parallel to each other. The supply chamber 11 is provided with a partition 42 that divides it into an upper chamber 40 and a lower chamber 41, and an opening 43 is formed in the partition 42. Specifically, the upper chamber 40 is formed in the internal space of the two porous concrete bodies 10, the peripheral wall 7a, the middle wall 45 and the divided body 42 arranged in parallel with each other, and the lower chamber 41 has the peripheral walls 7, 7a, the middle wall. 45, formed in the internal space of the section 42 and the tank bottom plate. The lower chamber 41 is formed with a depositing portion 44 on which solids and sediments descending from the opening 43 can be deposited. The porosity of the porous concrete body 10 is desirably 10 to 50%, particularly about 20 to 30%.

  A supply unit 11a (also used as the discharge unit 6a of the pretreatment tank 2) is formed in the upper chamber 40, and the liquid flowing from the supply unit 11a is reversed to generate a vertical swirl flow in the supply chamber. Guide portions 46, 46a are provided. On the other hand, a discharge portion 12 a is formed in the discharge chamber 12. And the two porous concrete bodies 10 are arrange | positioned so that the side surface of the produced | generated swirl | vortex flow may be met.

  In this embodiment, both the pretreatment tank 2 and the heavy metal treatment tank 3 are provided with the division body 22 or the division body 42. However, in some cases, either or both of the division bodies 22 and 42 may be omitted. Can do.

  Next, the operation of the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 of this embodiment will be described. When liquid is supplied into the inflow chamber 5 as indicated by an arrow through an inflow portion 5a formed in the upper portion of the inflow chamber 5 of the pretreatment tank 2, the direction of the liquid flow is changed by the guide portions 9 and 9a. 5 generates a swirl flow in the vertical direction. The liquid flow that has passed through the screen 8 flows into the inflow chamber 6 and is supplied to the heavy metal treatment tank 3 through the outflow portion 6a. On the other hand, the solid matter that is prevented from passing to the outflow chamber 6 by the screen 8 is circulated in the inflow chamber 5 as it is in a vertical swirling flow.

  The solid material circulating in the swirl flow in the first chamber 20 gradually falls from the opening 23 of the section 22 to the second chamber 21 below and accumulates in the accumulation portion 24 each time it circulates. Therefore, the amount of solids circulating in the first chamber 20 having the solids separation function is always maintained at a low level.

  Next, when the flowing liquid is supplied into the supply chamber 11 in the horizontal direction as indicated by the arrow from the supply section 11a of the heavy metal treatment tank 3, the direction of the liquid flow is changed by the guide sections 46 and 46a and A swirling flow in the vertical direction is generated inside.

  The swirling flow in the vertical direction circulates in the supply chamber 11 as described above, but when the swirling flow is viewed as a bundle of flows, the upper surface of the swirling flow bundle when flowing in the horizontal direction from the supply unit 11a is on the downstream side. When it descends by being guided by the upper guiding portion 46 and returns to the upstream side through the lower portion of the supply chamber 11, it becomes the upper surface. The two porous concrete bodies 10 are arranged along both side surfaces perpendicular to the upper and lower surfaces of the swirling flow.

  When the flowing liquid passes through the two porous concrete bodies 10 and flows out to the discharge chamber 12 side, the heavy metal contained in the liquid is converted into a hydroxide, for example, and separated. When fine solids are mixed into the supply chamber 11 from the pretreatment tank 2, the solids cannot pass through the two porous concrete bodies 10 and ride on the swirl flow in the vertical direction as they are inside the supply chamber 11. Circulate.

  At that time, some solid matter may temporarily adhere to the surface of the porous concrete body 10, but the porous concrete body 10 is disposed along the side surface of the swirling flow in the vertical direction. The attached solid matter is peeled off by the swirling flow in the vertical direction, and there is no possibility that the porous concrete body 10 is clogged. Solid matter that circulates in the inflow chamber 5 on the swirling flow descends one after another from the opening 43 of the section 42 and accumulates in the accumulation portion 44 of the lower chamber 41. In addition, you may abbreviate | omit the division body 42 in a present Example.

  FIG. 5 schematically shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, an overflow tank 51 is provided in a pipe of a liquid supply pipe 50 that supplies a liquid to be processed to the heavy metal processing apparatus 1, and the inflow portion 5 a of the pretreatment tank 2 is communicated with the overflow tank 51. Moreover, the discharge part 12a of the heavy metal processing tank 3 is communicated with a permeation tank 52 that permeates the liquid underground.

  The overflow tank 51 is provided with a weir 53. The upstream side of the weir 53 and the inflow portion 5a of the pretreatment tank 2 communicate with each other, and the downstream side of the weir 53 communicates with a downstream pipe discharged into a river or the like. The weir 53 can be adjusted to a height at which the liquid flow flowing into the pretreatment tank 2 overflows the amount exceeding the processing capacity downstream. If comprised in this way, when the waste_water | drain exceeding the processing capacity of the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 flows in at the time of heavy rain, the heavy metal processing apparatus 1 will be able to continue a safe driving | operation.

  The heavy metal treatment apparatus of the present invention separates heavy metals contained in rainwater flowing from ordinary roads and highways, metal roofs of buildings, metal structures, etc., or heavy metals contained in factory wastewater, etc. It can be used in the field of resource circulation where liquid flow does not affect the environment and penetrates underground.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heavy metal processing apparatus 2 Pre-processing tank 3 Heavy metal processing tank 4 Cover body 5 Inflow chamber 5a Inflow part 6 Outflow chamber 6a Outflow part 7, 7a, 7b Perimeter wall 8 Screen 8a Wedge wire 8b Slit 8c Support rod 8d Head 8e, 8f End Part 9, 9a Guide part 10 Porous concrete body 10a Porous concrete block plate 11 Supply chamber 11a Supply part 12 Discharge chamber 12a Discharge part 13 Peripheral wall 14 Support plate 14a Through hole 15 Cylindrical body 20 First chamber 21 Second chamber 22 Partition 23 Opening 24 Depositing part 25 Partition plate 30 Support body 31 Through hole 40 Upper chamber 41 Lower chamber 42 Partition 43 Opening part 44 Depositing part 46, 46a Guide part 50 Liquid supply pipe 51 Overflow tank 52 Infiltration tank 53 Weir

Claims (8)

In a liquid treatment apparatus comprising a pretreatment tank for separating solids contained in an inflowing liquid, and a heavy metal treatment tank for separating heavy metals contained in the liquid flowing out of the pretreatment tank by a porous concrete body,
The pretreatment tank includes a partition plate that divides the inside into an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber, a screen formed in the partition plate, an inflow portion formed in the inflow chamber, and an outflow portion formed in the outflow chamber. The chamber is provided with a guide section for reversing the liquid flowing in from the inflow section to generate a vertical swirl flow in the inflow chamber, and the screen is arranged along the side surface of the swirl flow to be generated,
The heavy metal treatment tank includes a supply chamber and a discharge chamber partitioned by a porous concrete body. The outflow part of the pretreatment tank communicates with a supply part formed in the supply chamber, and a liquid discharge part is formed in the discharge chamber. A liquid processing apparatus characterized in that heavy metal contained in the liquid is separated when the water is discharged from the supply chamber side through the porous concrete body to the discharge chamber side.   In claim 1, the inflow chamber and the outflow chamber of the pretreatment tank are partitioned by two partition plates arranged in parallel to each other, a screen is formed on each partition plate, and the inflow chamber is formed between the two partition plates. An outflow part is formed in an outflow chamber on the discharge side of the screen formed on the partition plate, and the outflow part and the supply part of the heavy metal treatment tank are in communication with each other.   In Claim 1 or Claim 2, the pretreatment tank is provided with a partition that divides the inflow chamber into an upper first chamber and a lower second chamber, and an opening is formed in the partition. An inflow portion and a guide portion are formed in the chamber, the screen is arranged along the side surface of the swirling flow in the vertical direction generated in the first chamber, and solids descending from the opening can be accumulated in the second chamber. A liquid processing apparatus, wherein a deposition part is formed.   4. A support body having a penetrating portion is disposed in the heavy metal treatment tank according to claim 1, and a cylindrical porous concrete body is coaxially extended from the penetrating portion of the support body, so that the supply chamber side is provided. A liquid processing apparatus characterized in that heavy metal contained in a liquid is separated when the liquid flowing in through the through-hole of the support flows from the inside to the outside of the porous concrete body.   The supply chamber and the discharge chamber of the heavy metal treatment tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are partitioned by two plate-like porous concrete bodies arranged in parallel to each other, and the supply chamber is made up of two porous concrete bodies. A discharge portion is formed in the discharge chamber on the discharge side of each porous concrete body, and the supply chamber and the liquid flowing in from the supply portion are reversed in the supply chamber so that a swirling flow in the vertical direction is generated in the supply chamber. A liquid processing apparatus, characterized in that a guide part for generation is provided, and the two porous concrete bodies are arranged along the side surface of the generated swirl flow.   In claim 5, the heavy metal processing tank is provided with a partition for dividing the supply chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, an opening is formed in the partition, and a supply portion and a guide portion are formed in the upper chamber. One porous concrete body is arranged along the side surface of the swirling flow in the vertical direction generated in the upper chamber, and the lower chamber is formed with a depositing portion on which solid matter descending from the opening can be deposited. A liquid processing apparatus.   7. The heavy metal processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an overflow tank is provided in a liquid supply pipe for supplying a liquid to be processed to the heavy metal processing apparatus, and an inflow portion of the pretreatment tank is communicated with the overflow tank. A liquid processing apparatus, wherein a discharge part of the tank is communicated with a permeation tank that allows the liquid to permeate underground.   8. The liquid processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the screen of the pretreatment tank includes a wedge wire screen in which a plurality of wedge wires having a wedge-shaped cross section are arranged in the vertical direction.

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