JP4665387B2 - Hydroelectric generator - Google Patents
Hydroelectric generator Download PDFInfo
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- JP4665387B2 JP4665387B2 JP2003351328A JP2003351328A JP4665387B2 JP 4665387 B2 JP4665387 B2 JP 4665387B2 JP 2003351328 A JP2003351328 A JP 2003351328A JP 2003351328 A JP2003351328 A JP 2003351328A JP 4665387 B2 JP4665387 B2 JP 4665387B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Description
本発明は、水面が連続し水深が変動する開水路▲18▼の流速を利用した水路発電装置である。 The present invention is a water channel power generation device using the flow velocity of an open channel (18) in which the water surface is continuous and the water depth varies.
開水路▲18▼の水深は、開水路▲18▼内の流下水量により変動する。又、浮遊物▲20▼が開水路▲18▼の途中で混入する。
従来技術の水路発電機装置を図1に示す。従来技術は、開水路▲18▼の水面上にフロート▲2▼とパドル▲1▼により構成する水車を浮かべ、開水路▲18▼内の水深が変動しても水車を水路内の水流により回転させることにより発電機▲15▼を回転させる。水車軸▲3▼の回転はスプロケット−1▲6▼、チェーン−1▲5▼、スプロケット−4▲10▼、を経て発電軸▲13▼に伝達される。発電軸▲13▼は架台▲16▼上に設置された軸受▲14▼により支持し、継手▲17▼により発電機▲15▼に結合される。水車軸▲3▼は吊下棒▲4▼により発電軸▲13▼より支持される。水車軸▲3▼は発電軸▲13▼と平行に設置し、吊下棒▲4▼により支持されている。
開水路▲18▼内の水深が変動すると、フロート▲2▼の浮力により、水車軸▲3▼は発電軸▲13▼を中心に回転移動する。スプロケット−1▲6▼は水車軸▲3▼と同一回転し、スプロケット−4▲10▼は発電軸▲13▼と同一回転する。この事のより、水車軸▲3▼の回転は発電機▲15▼に伝達される。この場合の機構を図4の図…(ロ)に示す。
図4の図…(ロ)におけるD2は発電軸▲13▼の中心であり、D1は水車軸▲3▼の中心を示す。E1はD1が発電軸▲13▼を中心に水車軸▲3▼が回転移動し、水車がHだけ上昇した時の移動点を示す。
この時図−4の図(ロ)より(1)(2)(3)式の関係が成立する。
T1:水車軸▲3▼に発生するトルク(kg−m)
N :水車軸▲3▼の回転数(rpm)
P :発電容量(kw)
T2=W1×tan(θ3)×L2…………………………(2)
W1:水車重量(kg)
T2:水車重量によりD2(発電軸▲13▼)発生するトルク
浮遊物▲20▼が無い場合 θ3はT1=T2となる角度でバランスする。
開水路▲18▼に混入した浮遊物▲20▼を水車下流に流下させる為には、水車の位置をHだけ上昇させる必要がある。その時、水車軸▲3▼がE1まで上昇させる為に必要な浮遊物の流下力は(3)式で計算できる
F1=W1×tan(θ4)…………………………………(3)
F1:浮遊物▲20▼の流下力(kg)
θ4:図−4の図(ロ)の∠E1、D2、F2
尚F1−F2線は垂直線である。The depth of the open channel (18) varies depending on the amount of flowing water in the open channel (18). In addition, suspended matter (20) is mixed in the middle of the open channel (18).
A prior art water channel generator apparatus is shown in FIG. In the prior art, a water wheel composed of a float (2) and a paddle (1) is floated on the surface of an open channel (18), and the turbine is rotated by the water flow in the channel even if the water depth in the open channel (18) varies. To rotate the generator {15}. The rotation of the water wheel shaft (3) is transmitted to the power generation shaft (13) through the sprocket-1 (6), the chain-1 (5), and the sprocket-4 (10). The power generation shaft (13) is supported by a bearing (14) installed on a gantry (16), and is coupled to a generator (15) by a joint (17). The water wheel shaft (3) is supported by the suspension rod (4) from the power generation shaft (13). The water wheel shaft (3) is installed in parallel with the power generation shaft (13) and is supported by a suspension rod (4).
When the water depth in the open channel (18) fluctuates, the water wheel shaft (3) rotates around the power generation shaft (13) due to the buoyancy of the float (2). Sprocket-1 (6) rotates the same as the water wheel shaft (3), and sprocket-4 (10) rotates the same as the power generation shaft (13). As a result, the rotation of the water wheel shaft (3) is transmitted to the generator (15). The mechanism in this case is shown in FIG.
4, D2 is the center of the power generation shaft (13), and D1 is the center of the water wheel shaft (3). E1 indicates a moving point when D1 rotates and moves the water turbine shaft (3) around the power generation shaft (13) and the water turbine rises by H.
At this time, the relationship of the formulas (1), (2), and (3) is established from FIG.
T1: Torque generated on the water wheel shaft (3) (kg-m)
N: Number of revolutions of the water wheel shaft (3) (rpm)
P: Power generation capacity (kW)
T2 = W1 × tan (θ3) × L2 (2)
W1: Mill wheel weight (kg)
T2: Torque generated by D2 (power generation shaft (13)) due to the weight of the water turbine When there is no suspended matter (20) θ3 is balanced at an angle where T1 = T2.
In order to allow the suspended matter (20) mixed in the open channel (18) to flow downstream, it is necessary to raise the position of the turbine by H. At that time, the floating force required to raise the water wheel shaft (3) to E1 can be calculated by the equation (3). F1 = W1 × tan (θ4) ………………………………… (3)
F1: Flowing force of suspended material (20) (kg)
θ4: ∠E1, D2, F2 in FIG.
The F1-F2 line is a vertical line.
開水路▲18▼内に浮遊物▲20▼が混入すると、浮遊物▲20▼の流下力により水車が図4の図(ロ)のHまで上昇しないと水車の回転は浮遊物▲20▼により停止する。その為、水車部における水の流下抵抗が増大し、開水路▲18▼上流側の水位が上昇し浸水被害が発生する。
開水路▲18▼に混入した浮遊物▲20▼は、除去装置設置にて除去し、搬出する必要がある。従って、浮遊物▲20▼の混入が推測できる雨天時は水路発電装置の無人運転が困難となる。そこで、開水路▲18▼内の流下水に浮遊物▲20▼が含まれていても、開水路▲18▼内の水深が変動しても、運転に支障が生じない水路発電装置が求められる。If suspended matter ▲ 20 ▼ enters the open channel ▲ 18 ▼, the turbine will not rotate up to H in the figure (b) of FIG. Stop. Therefore, the water flow resistance in the water turbine section increases, the water level on the open channel (18) rises, and inundation damage occurs.
The suspended matter (20) mixed in the open channel (18) needs to be removed and removed by installing a removal device. Accordingly, unmanned operation of the water channel power generator becomes difficult during rainy weather when it can be estimated that the suspended matter (20) is mixed. Therefore, there is a need for a water channel power generation device that does not hinder operation even if floating water (20) is included in the flowing water in the open channel (18) or the water depth in the open channel (18) varies. .
本発明はフロート▲2▼とパドル▲1▼により構成される水車の重量を吊上棒▲12▼に錘▲11▼を設置し、水車重量を天秤とした吊上棒▲12▼の錘▲11▼重量で軽減し、浮遊物▲20▼の流下力で水車を上昇させることを可能とし、開水路▲18▼内の水に浮遊物▲20▼が混入しても、又、開水路▲18▼の水位が変動しても、水車の回転が停止せず発電することを可能とした。 In the present invention, the weight of the water wheel composed of the float (2) and the paddle (1) is set on the lifting rod (12) with the weight (11), and the weight of the lifting rod (12) with the weight of the water wheel as the balance 11) Reduced by weight and made it possible to raise the water wheel with the flow of floating material (20). Even if floating material (20) is mixed in the water in the open channel (18), Even if the water level of 18 ▼ fluctuated, it was possible to generate electricity without stopping the rotation of the water turbine.
次に本発明の実施形態について説明する。
図2はフロート▲2▼を円筒状にした場合の本発明実施例を示す。
円形状のフロート▲2▼の外側にパドル▲1▼が設置された水車は、開水路▲18▼内を流れる水の流速により水車軸▲3▼を中心に回転する。水車軸▲3▼は発電軸▲13▼と平行に設置し吊下棒▲4▼により移動軸▲9▼より支持される。移動軸▲3▼は発電軸▲13▼と平行に設置し吊上棒▲12▼により発電軸▲9▼より支持される。従って、水車は開水路▲18▼の水位変動に追随できる。
水車軸▲3▼の回転はスプロケット−1▲6▼、チェーン−1▲5▼、スプロケット−2▲7▼、スプロケット−3▲8▼、チェーン−2▲19▼、スプロケット−4▲10▼、を経て発電軸▲13▼に伝達される。スプロケット−1▲6▼は水車軸▲3▼と共に回転する。スプロケット−2▲7▼、とスプロケット−3▲8▼、は移動軸▲9▼を中心に同一回転する。スプロケット−4▲10▼は発電軸▲13▼と共に回転する。水車軸▲3▼と移動軸▲9▼は吊下棒▲4▼と吊上棒▲12▼により発電軸▲13▼を中心に回転移動できる。発電軸▲13▼は架台▲16▼に設置した軸受▲14▼により支持されされる。発電機▲15▼は発電軸▲13▼と継手▲17▼で接続されている。吊上棒▲12▼の一方には移動軸▲9▼の荷重により発電軸▲13▼を中心としたトルクが発生する。この時、吊上棒▲12▼を天秤とし、他の一方に錘▲11▼を設置し反対方向のトルクを発生させ水車重量を低減させる。
この時の機構を図4の図…(イ)に示す。
図4の図…(イ)におけるB1は水車軸▲3▼の中心であり、B2は移動軸▲9▼の中心を示す。
C1,C2は浮遊物▲20▼を流下させる為、水車をHだけ上昇させた時、発電軸▲13▼を中心に水車軸▲3▼、移動軸▲9▼が回転移動したB1、B2の移動点を示す。
この時図−4の図(イ)より(4)(5)式の関係が成立する。
T3=W2×tan(θ1)×L1………………………(4)
W2 :錘▲11▼により低減された水車重量(kg)
T3 :水車重量によりB2(移動軸▲9▼)に発生するトルク
浮遊物▲20▼が無い場合 θ1は T1=T3 となる角度でバランスする。この時、水車が移動しθ1が変動しても発電が可能となる T1≦T3 となるよう錘▲11▼の重量は決定される。
開水路▲18▼に混入した浮遊物▲20▼を水車下流に流下させる為、水車の位置をHだけ上昇させる必要がある。その時、水車軸▲3▼の中心B1がE1まで上昇させる為に必要な浮遊物▲20▼の流下力は(5)式で計算できる
F2=W2×tan(θ2)………………………………(5)
F2: 浮遊物▲20▼の流下力(kg)
θ2: 図−4の図(イ)の∠C1、C2、G3
従って、浮遊物▲20▼流下力F2で水車をHだけ上昇できる。このF2を小さくすることが、浮遊物▲20▼を水車下流に流出し、開水路▲18▼を流下する水の流れを水車により阻害せない為に重要となる。
尚、フロート▲2▼を水車軸▲3▼の両サイドに設置しても良い。その場合の実施例を図5に示す。
又、水車軸▲3▼の回転を発電軸▲13▼へ伝達する手段としては、チェーン−1を省き、スプロケット−1とスプロケット−2を歯車とし歯車のかみ合わせで水車軸▲3▼の回転を移動軸▲9▼へ伝達することもできる。又、チェーン−1の替わりにVベルトを使用することもできる。Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention when the float (2) is cylindrical.
The water turbine in which the paddle (1) is installed outside the circular float (2) rotates around the water wheel shaft (3) by the flow velocity of the water flowing in the open channel (18). The water wheel shaft (3) is installed in parallel with the power generation shaft (13) and is supported by the suspension shaft (4) from the moving shaft (9). The moving shaft (3) is installed in parallel with the power generation shaft (13) and is supported by the lifting shaft (12) from the power generation shaft (9). Accordingly, the water turbine can follow the water level fluctuation in the open channel (18).
The rotation of the water wheel shaft (3) is sprocket-1 (6), chain-1 (5), sprocket-2 (7), sprocket-3 (8), chain-2 (19), sprocket-4 (10), Then, it is transmitted to the power generation shaft (13). Sprocket-1 (6) rotates with the water wheel shaft (3). Sprocket-2 (7) and sprocket-3 (8) rotate the same around the moving shaft (9). Sprocket-4 (10) rotates with the power generation shaft (13). The water wheel shaft (3) and the moving shaft (9) can be rotated around the power generation shaft (13) by means of a suspension rod (4) and a suspension rod (12). The power generation shaft (13) is supported by a bearing (14) installed on the gantry (16). The generator (15) is connected to the power generation shaft (13) by a joint (17). On one side of the lifting rod {12}, torque about the power generation shaft {13} is generated by the load of the moving shaft {9}. At this time, the lifting rod (12) is used as a balance, and a weight (11) is installed on the other side to generate torque in the opposite direction to reduce the weight of the water turbine.
The mechanism at this time is shown in FIG.
In FIG. 4 (A), B1 is the center of the water wheel shaft (3), and B2 is the center of the moving shaft (9).
Since C1 and C2 flow down suspended matter (20), when the turbine is raised by H, the turbine shaft (3) and the movable shaft (9) rotate around the power generation shaft (13), and B1 and B2 Indicates the moving point.
At this time, the relationship of equations (4) and (5) is established from FIG.
T3 = W2 × tan (θ1) × L1 (4)
W2: Water wheel weight reduced by weight (11) (kg)
T3: Torque generated in B2 (moving shaft (9)) due to the weight of the turbine wheel When there is no suspended matter (20) θ1 is balanced at an angle T1 = T3. At this time, the weight of the weight {circle over (11)} is determined so that T1 ≦ T3 can be generated even if the water turbine moves and θ1 fluctuates.
It is necessary to raise the position of the water turbine by H in order to allow the floating material (20) mixed in the open channel (18) to flow downstream. At that time, the flow force of the floating material (20) required to raise the center B1 of the water wheel shaft (3) to E1 can be calculated by the equation (5) F2 = W2 × tan (θ2). …………… (5)
F2: Flowing force of floating material (20) (kg)
θ2: ∠C1, C2, G3 in FIG.
Accordingly, the water wheel can be raised by H by the floating force {circle around (20)}. It is important to reduce F2 so that the suspended matter (20) flows out downstream of the turbine and the water flowing down the open channel (18) is not obstructed by the turbine.
The float (2) may be installed on both sides of the water wheel shaft (3). An embodiment in that case is shown in FIG.
As a means for transmitting the rotation of the water turbine shaft (3) to the power generation shaft (13), the chain-1 is omitted, the sprocket-1 and the sprocket-2 are used as gears, and the waterwheel shaft (3) is rotated by meshing the gears. It can also be transmitted to the movement axis (9). Further, a V-belt can be used instead of the chain-1.
吊上棒▲12▼の一端に錘▲11▼を設置することにより水車の吊上荷重がW1→W2へと低減する。又、移動軸▲9▼を介して水車を上昇させるので、水車の吊下角度がθ4→θ2と小さくなる。従って、水車を上昇させる為に必要な浮遊物▲20▼の流下力はF1→F2と小さくなる。その為、開水路▲18▼に浮遊物▲20▼が流入しても、容易に水車は上昇するので、水車が浮遊物▲20▼により停止することが無くなり、水車の上流側の水位が上昇することはない。 By installing the weight (11) at one end of the lifting rod (12), the lifting load of the water turbine is reduced from W1 to W2. Further, since the water wheel is raised through the movement shaft (9), the suspension angle of the water wheel is reduced from θ4 to θ2. Accordingly, the flow force of the suspended matter (20) necessary for raising the water turbine is reduced from F1 to F2. For this reason, even if the floating material (20) flows into the open channel (18), the water wheel easily rises, so the water wheel does not stop due to the floating material (20), and the water level on the upstream side of the water wheel rises. Never do.
▲1▼はパドル、▲2▼はフロート、▲3▼は水車軸、▲4▼は吊下棒、▲5▼はチェーン−1、▲6▼はスプロケット−1、▲7▼はスプロケット−2、▲8▼はスプロケット−3。▲9▼は移動軸、▲10▼はスプロケット−4、▲11▼は錘、▲12▼は吊上棒、▲13▼は発電軸、▲14▼は軸受、▲15▼は発電機、▲16▼は架台、▲17▼は継手、▲18▼は開水路、▲19▼はチェーン−2▲20▼は浮遊物(1) is a paddle, (2) is a float, (3) is a water wheel shaft, (4) is a suspension rod, (5) is a chain-1, (6) is a sprocket-1, and (7) is a sprocket-2 , (8) is sprocket-3. (9) is the moving shaft, (10) is the sprocket-4, (11) is the weight, (12) is the lifting rod, (13) is the generator shaft, (14) is the bearing, (15) is the generator, 16 is a frame, 17 is a joint, 18 is an open channel, 19 is a chain-2 and 20 is a floating object.
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JP2003351328A JP4665387B2 (en) | 2003-09-03 | 2003-09-03 | Hydroelectric generator |
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JP2003351328A JP4665387B2 (en) | 2003-09-03 | 2003-09-03 | Hydroelectric generator |
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JP4665387B2 true JP4665387B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
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JP4986635B2 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2012-07-25 | 開成工業株式会社 | Water power equipment |
JP5162736B2 (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2013-03-13 | 有限会社オンウェーブ | Installation method of turbine blade in running water use |
CN105840394B (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2018-06-22 | 总瀛企业股份有限公司 | Land stream generating device |
JP6968517B2 (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2021-11-17 | Ntn株式会社 | Hydroelectric power generator |
EP3434892B1 (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2021-11-17 | NTN Corporation | Water turbine device |
TWI762295B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-04-21 | 崑山科技大學 | Hydroelectric power device using diversion/suspension adjustment to increase power generation efficiency |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3324672A1 (en) * | 1983-07-08 | 1985-01-17 | Benedikt 8130 Starnberg Krinner | Floating power generator for capturing the energy present in flowing waters |
US4636141A (en) * | 1985-08-28 | 1987-01-13 | Raymond Sedlacek | Hydroelectric device |
JP2001263217A (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-26 | Junichiro Tamiya | Float type waterwheel generator |
JP2002364512A (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-18 | Hiroshi Naito | Power generator |
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JPH11181747A (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 1999-07-06 | Nishida Marine Boiler Co Ltd | Water wheel device of hydraulic-driven dust collector |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3324672A1 (en) * | 1983-07-08 | 1985-01-17 | Benedikt 8130 Starnberg Krinner | Floating power generator for capturing the energy present in flowing waters |
US4636141A (en) * | 1985-08-28 | 1987-01-13 | Raymond Sedlacek | Hydroelectric device |
JP2001263217A (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-26 | Junichiro Tamiya | Float type waterwheel generator |
JP2002364512A (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-18 | Hiroshi Naito | Power generator |
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