JP4661124B2 - Sheet material type battery, assembled battery combining sheet material type battery, and method of manufacturing sheet material type battery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sheet material type battery that wraps a battery power generation element with a sheet material, draws both electrodes from the battery power generation element to the outside, and hermetically seals and stores the ends of the sheet material. The present invention relates to a battery pack combining sheet batteries and a method for manufacturing a sheet material battery.

  In recent years, with the development of various electronic devices, there has been an increasing need for downsizing and space saving of electronic devices, and the batteries used therefor are also required to be thin and flexible. Therefore, the battery power generation element is hermetically sealed using a sheet-like laminate material. For example, as a sheet-like laminate material, a three-layer structure of a polyethylene layer, an aluminum foil layer, and a polyethylene layer is used. The power generation element is housed inside, the electrode is drawn out, and a lithium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, etc. Is formed.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes a lithium ion battery using a laminate sheet material formed into a corrugated shape in order to improve that an aluminum laminate film has poor stretchability.

  In addition, in Patent Document 2, a non-aqueous electrolyte battery such as a lithium ion battery formed using a metal laminate resin film generates gas due to a decomposition reaction of an organic electrolyte solution, a decomposition reaction of a positive electrode active material, or the like. In order to prevent the battery from bursting or igniting, it is described that a reinforcing material is provided on the inner core of the battery.

JP 2000-173559 A JP 2000-357536 A

  A battery that encloses a battery power generation element with a sheet material, draws both electrodes from the battery power generation element to the outside, and hermetically seals and stores the end of the sheet material is referred to as a sheet material type battery. Sheet material type batteries are suitable for miniaturization and space saving. On the other hand, a sheet material such as a laminate film has low rigidity, and even if it is formed into a wave shape as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the shape itself does not have rigidity. For example, when batteries are stacked, the wave shape is crushed. End up. Further, according to the method of providing the reinforcing material in the battery core part of Patent Document 2, the battery can be made strong, but the expansion due to the internal reaction of the battery power generation element cannot be effectively restrained, and the internal resistance increases. Battery performance may be reduced.

  Since a battery using a general hard shell case is a hard case, expansion due to an internal reaction of the battery power generation element can be effectively restrained. Also, it is easy to mold the hard case to provide unevenness, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area and improving heat dissipation, and cooling for the gap formed by the convex parts facing each other when laminated A medium such as air can be flowed, and the battery performance can be stabilized and used. On the other hand, in the sheet material type battery, since the rigidity of the sheet material is low, it is difficult to provide heat dissipation unevenness on the battery surface, and the expansion due to the internal reaction of the power generation element for the battery is effectively restrained. Can not.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a sheet material type battery capable of forming irregularities on the outer surface of the battery, an assembled battery combining the sheet material type battery, and a method for manufacturing the sheet material type battery. Another object of the present invention is to provide a sheet material type battery capable of restraining expansion due to an internal reaction or the like of the power generating element for the battery, a battery pack combining the sheet material type battery, and a method for manufacturing the sheet material type battery.

A sheet material type battery according to the present invention is a battery that encloses a battery power generation element with a sheet material, draws both electrodes from the battery power generation element to the outside, and hermetically seals and stores the ends of the sheet material. A member provided between the battery member and the power generation element for the battery, and provided with an internal member for forming unevenness to improve heat dissipation on the outer surface of the battery, and the internal member is higher in rigidity than the sheet material It is made of a material, has a concavo-convex portion on one side surface, the other side surface is a single-sided concavo-convex plate having a shape along the shape of the battery power generation element, and the sheet material is combined with an internal member to form a battery It has the uneven | corrugated shape which forms the outer surface of this.

  Moreover, it is preferable that an internal member is provided with two uneven | corrugated board members, and the electric power generation element for batteries is inserted | pinched between the surface of the other side of each uneven | corrugated board member.

  Moreover, it is preferable that an internal member has an uneven part with rounded corners.

  Moreover, it is preferable that uneven | corrugated shape is previously formed in the sheet material.

In addition, the assembled battery combining the sheet material type battery according to the present invention wraps the battery power generation element with the sheet material, draws both electrodes from the battery power generation element to the outside, and hermetically seals the end of the sheet material. A battery pack comprising a plurality of sheet material type single cells arranged side by side, and a stack fixing means for fastening the plurality of stacked unit cells. The type cell is a member provided between the sheet material and the power generation element for the battery, and includes an internal member for forming irregularities to improve heat dissipation on the outer surface of the single cell. The sheet material is composed of a material higher in rigidity than the sheet material, has a concavo-convex portion on one side surface, the other side surface is a single-sided concavo-convex plate having a shape along the shape of the battery power generation element , Combined with internal components to form the outer surface of the battery That has an irregular shape, unit cells adjacent, characterized in that it is laminated so as to form an uneven gap for passing the heat radiating refrigerant between opposing sides.

The sheet material type battery manufacturing method according to the present invention includes a step of forming an internal member having a concavo-convex shape on one surface and a shape along the shape of the battery power generating element on the other surface. And two inner members facing each other on the other side, sandwiching the power generation element for the battery between them, forming a subassembly having concave and convex shapes on both outer side surfaces, and the sheet material, Forming the unevenness combined with the unevenness of the installation member, aligning the unevenness of the sheet material with the unevenness shape on both sides of the subassembly, enclosing the subassembly, and pulling out both electrodes to the outside from the power generation element for the battery, comprising a step of sealing the subassembly hermetically joining the end of the sheet material, and have a concavo-convex to improve the heat radiation property on both sides, the inner portion material is composed of highly rigid than the sheet material is a one-sided convex-concave plate that And wherein the door.

  With the configuration of the sheet material type battery, an internal member is provided between the sheet material and the power generation element for the battery, and the internal member forms unevenness on the outer surface of the battery to improve heat dissipation. And a sheet | seat material has an uneven | corrugated shape which combines with an internal member and forms the outer surface of a battery. Therefore, in the sheet material type battery, it is possible to form irregularities on the outer surface of the battery, and the heat dissipation area can be increased.

  Further, since the inner member has an uneven portion on one surface, and the other surface is an uneven plate member having a shape along the shape of the battery power generating element, the inner member is in close contact with the battery power generating element, The generated heat can be efficiently released to the outside from the uneven portion having a large area. In addition, since the internal member has higher rigidity than the sheet material, the shape of the concavo-convex portion can be stably maintained, and the expansion due to the internal reaction of the power generation element for the battery can be suppressed by a uniform reaction force due to the surface of the plate material. Characteristics can be improved. Thus, the internal member can have both the function of the heat dissipating member that improves heat dissipation and the function of the constraining member that constrains the shape of the battery power generation element and stabilizes its characteristics.

  Moreover, since the internal member is two concavo-convex plate members that sandwich the battery power generation element, the concavo-convex portions are formed on both outer side surfaces of the battery. Therefore, the expansion due to the internal reaction of the battery power generation element can be more effectively restrained. In addition, the heat dissipation area is further increased, and when a plurality of batteries are stacked with the side surfaces facing each other, an uneven gap can be formed on the side surfaces facing each other. The heat dissipation is further improved by flowing a cooling medium through the uneven gap.

  Moreover, since the corner | angular part of the uneven | corrugated | grooved part of an internal member has roundness, when a sheet | seat material is covered on an internal member, it can prevent damaging a sheet | seat material.

  In addition, since the sheet material has a concavo-convex shape in advance, it is easy to cover the inner member with the sheet material to form the ruggedness on the outer surface of the battery.

  Moreover, according to the structure of the assembled battery, a plurality of sheet type single cells are stacked, and the stacked body is tightened. And since each sheet type unit cell has irregularities formed on its outer surface, adjacent unit cells can form an irregularity gap between the side surfaces facing each other, and by flowing a cooling medium through this irregularity gap, Heat dissipation is improved. Further, the expansion due to the internal reaction of the battery power generation element can be more effectively restrained through the internal member, and the battery performance can be improved.

  Further, according to the structure of the manufacturing method of the sheet material type battery, an internal member having a concavo-convex shape on one surface and a shape along the shape of the battery power generation element on the other surface is formed, and the sheet The material is formed with unevenness combined with the unevenness of the internal member. Then, the outer surface of the battery is formed by aligning the unevenness of the sheet material with the unevenness of the internal member. Therefore, a sheet material type battery having irregularities on the outer surface of the battery can be easily manufactured.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Hereinafter, a lithium ion battery will be described as a sheet material type battery. However, any other battery may be used as long as the battery is formed using a sheet material. For example, a nickel metal hydride battery or a capacitor is used as the battery. There may be. Moreover, although the structure of the battery power generation element is described as a structure in which a separator is sandwiched between two electrode bodies and this is wound in a roll shape, a structure in which these are stacked in a flat plate shape may be used. . Further, a three-layer laminate sheet material of resin, metal, and resin will be described as the sheet material, but the resin layer can be appropriately omitted depending on the configuration of the battery. Although the metal layer is described as an aluminum foil, other metal or other material may be used as long as it has a sufficient gas barrier property in terms of the battery configuration.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a sheet material type battery 10, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view thereof. In the sheet material type battery 10, both the electrodes 14 and 16 of the battery power generation element 12 are drawn to the outside, the battery power generation element 12 is sandwiched from above and below by the concavo-convex plate materials 18 and 20, and the entire sheet material 22, 23, and the end portions 34, 36, and 38 of the sheet materials 22, 23 are hermetically joined and sealed by heat welding or the like. The concavo-convex plate members 18 and 20 are single-sided concavo-convex plates, and have concavo-convex portions on the surface opposite to the surface sandwiching the battery power generation element 12, and the sheet materials 22 and 23 are also concavo-convex portions of the concavo-convex plate members 18 and 20. The projections 30 and the depressions 32 are formed on the upper and lower side surfaces of the sheet material battery 10 by combining the projections and depressions corresponding to.

  Details of each element of the sheet material type battery 10 having such a configuration will be described below according to the manufacturing procedure of the sheet material type battery 10.

  For manufacturing and assembling the sheet material type battery 10, first, the battery power generation element 12 before the electrolyte is injected is prepared. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a battery power generation element 12 including both electrodes 14 and 16 drawn to the outside. The power generating element 12 for a battery is obtained by superposing a separator between two electrode bodies coated with an active material, and winding this in a roll shape.

  In one of the two electrode bodies, an aluminum foil is a base material, and an active material that is a lithium-containing composite compound such as lithium cobaltate is applied to the surface of the electrode body. It is connected with welding. In the other electrode body, copper foil is a base material, and an active material such as a carbon material occluded with lithium ions is applied thereon, and a negative electrode 16 for taking out charges is connected to a copper portion by welding or the like. As the separator, a polymer electrolyte plasticized with a solvent is used. And one electrode body, a separator, and the other electrode body are piled up in order, and this is wound in roll shape, and the positive electrode 14 and the negative electrode 16 are pulled out outside.

In this state, the electrolyte is not yet injected. As will be described later, in the process in which the battery power generation element 12 is wrapped by the sheet materials 22 and 23 and the end portions 34, 36 and 38 of the sheet materials 22 and 23 are connected, the electrolyte solution is injected into one electrode body. And the separator and the other electrode body so that the battery functions. As the electrolyte, an organic solvent in which a lithium salt such as LiClO ₄ or LiPF ₆ is dissolved is used.

  Next, the concavo-convex plate materials 18 and 20 which are internal members are prepared. The concavo-convex plate members 18 and 20 are members having a function of forming a concavo-convex shape for improving heat dissipation on the outer side surface of the sheet material type battery 10 and a function of constraining the shape of the battery power generation element 12. Two uneven plate materials 18 and 20 are used for one sheet material type battery 10. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a set of concave and convex plate members 18 and 20. For example, in the case of one concavo-convex member 18, the inner surface 40 has a shape along the shape of the battery power generation element 12, and the outer surface has a concavo-convex shape 44 in which the convex portion 50 and the concave portion 52 repeat. . That is, it is a single-sided uneven plate. In the case of the outer shape of the battery power generation element 12 described in FIG. 3, the inner surface 40 of the concavo-convex plate members 18 and 20 may be flat. Alternatively, it may be a surface that draws a partial arc following the roll shape. The other concavo-convex member 20 also has a flat inner surface 42 and an outer surface having a concavo-convex shape 46.

  The concavo-convex plate materials 18 and 20 are preferably made of a material having good heat conduction and high rigidity. For example, a metal plate or plastic plate having an appropriate thickness can be used. The outer concavo-convex shape is preferably repeated at a pitch of 1 mm to several mm. This pitch can be determined in consideration of productivity and required heat dissipation performance. Further, it is preferable that the uneven shape avoids burrs and sharp edges. Therefore, although cutting may be used, it is preferable to use plastic processing such as embossing.

  When the concavo-convex plate materials 18 and 20 are prepared, the inner surfaces of the respective concavo-convex plate materials 18 and 20 face each other, and the battery power generation element 12 is sandwiched therebetween. If this state is called a battery subassembly, the battery subassembly has an uneven shape on both outer side surfaces.

  Next, the sheet materials 22 and 23 having an uneven shape are formed from the sheet material. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing sheet materials 22 and 23 formed from a sheet material. The sheet material 22 is a part that covers the upper side surface of the sheet material type battery 10, and the sheet material 23 is a part that covers the lower side surface of the sheet material type battery 10. A space for accommodating the battery power generation element 12 and the concavo-convex plate members 18 and 20 is formed by bending at the connecting portion.

  The sheet material should be a three-layer laminate of a 12 μm-thick polyethylene film for surface protection, a 9 μm-thick aluminum foil as a gas barrier layer, and an acid-modified polyethylene film having a thickness of 100 μm as a heat-welded layer. Can do. Using a suitable molding machine and contour cutter, etc., this sheet material is formed into a predetermined shape, such as a wall portion that forms a housing space, irregularities 58 and 59 on the outer side surface, and heat welded end portions. Thus, the sheet materials 22 and 23 having an uneven shape are obtained.

  Convex shapes 58 and 59 on the outer side surface are formed by repeating convex portions 60 and 61 and concave portions 62 and 63, and the inner shape thereof corresponds to the concave and convex portions on the outer surface of the concave and convex plate members 18 and 20 described in FIG. When the battery sub-module is arranged in the accommodation space of the sheet materials 22 and 23, the uneven shapes 44 and 46 of the uneven plate materials 18 and 20 and the uneven shapes 58 and 59 of the sheet materials 22 and 23 are combined. It is like that.

  The supply of the battery power generation element 12 that does not include the electrolytic solution of FIG. 3, the formation and supply of the uneven plate materials 18 and 20 of FIG. 4, and the formation and supply of the sheet materials 22 and 23 having the uneven shape of FIG. May be performed in a different order or in parallel.

  In any case, when the battery subassembly comprising the concavo-convex members 18 and 20 and the battery power generation element 12 and the sheet materials 22 and 23 having the concavo-convex shape are aligned, the concavo-convex shape 44, 46, the concave and convex shapes 58 and 59 of the sheet materials 22 and 23 are matched, and the subassembly is wrapped. Specifically, the battery sub-assembly is arranged on one side of the sheet materials 22, 23, for example, the lower sheet material 23 so that the lower uneven member 20 is aligned with the uneven shape 59, and then, The upper sheet material 22 is bent at the connection portion so that the concave / convex shape 58 is matched with the upper concave / convex plate materials 18, 20, the electrode 14 is sandwiched between the end portion 35 and the end portion 34, and the end portion 37 The electrode 16 is sandwiched between the end portion 36 and the end portion 39 and the end portion 38 are aligned. Here, the upper side and the lower side correspond to the upper side and the lower side of the drawing through FIGS.

  Thus, when the electrodes 14 and 16 are pulled out of the sheet materials 22 and 23 and the battery subassembly is accommodated, the ends of the sheet materials 22 and 23 are heat-welded. Before completing the heat welding, as described with reference to FIG. 3, the electrolyte for the battery power generation element 12 is injected. Specifically, an injection port is provided in advance, the others are thermally welded, an electrolytic solution is injected from the injection port, and then the injection port is closed, and then the electrolytic solution is injected and the sheet materials 22 and 23 are hermetically sealed. It can be performed. Thus, the sheet material type battery 10 is assembled, and an output of about 3.6 V can be taken out between the electrodes 14 and 16.

  The completed sheet material type battery 10 has uneven shapes on the upper and lower side surfaces as shown in FIG. 1, and the heat radiation area is increased, so that the heat radiation characteristics can be improved. Internally, since the battery power generation element 12 is sandwiched between the uneven plate members 18 and 20 having good heat conduction and high rigidity, the expansion due to the internal reaction of the battery power generation element 12 is restricted, and the battery performance is stabilized. The battery characteristics are improved as compared with the case where the expansion is not restricted.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which the assembled battery 70 is configured by using four sheet material type batteries 10 having uneven shapes on both side surfaces. The four sheet material type batteries 10 are stacked in an aligned arrangement so that the side surfaces having the projections and depressions face each other and the projections face each other. Then, both outer ends of the laminated body are restrained by the plate materials 72 and 73 and fastened by the fastening band 74. Tightening is performed by applying pressure to both ends of the integrated body through plate members 72 and 73 to a predetermined load, fixing the fastening bands 74 and 75 to the plate members 72 and 73, and fixing them with appropriate fixing means such as welding. Can do. The plate members 72 and 73 and the fastening band 74 correspond to these integrated fixing means using the sheet material type battery 10 as a single cell. The four sheet material type batteries 10 are connected in series, and an output of 4 × 3.6 V = 14.4 V can be taken out at both ends thereof.

  In the assembled battery 70, the convex portions face each other on the side surfaces facing each other of the stacked sheet material type batteries 10 to form a gap 76. A heat dissipation medium such as cold air can be passed through the gap, whereby the heat dissipation characteristics of each sheet material type battery 10 and the heat dissipation characteristics of the assembled battery 70 can be further improved. Each sheet material type battery 10 is fastened by plate members 72 and 73 and a fastening band 74, and the fastening force is transmitted to the battery power generation element 12 almost uniformly by the uneven plate members 18 and 20. Therefore, the expansion | swelling by the internal reaction of the power generation element 12 for batteries of each sheet material type | mold battery 10 is suppressed effectively by this.

  In the above, the concavo-convex plate materials 18 and 20 which are single-sided concavo-convex plates have been described as the internal members. As the internal member, two concavo-convex members are preferable, but one may be used. Further, from the viewpoint of improving the heat dissipation characteristics, other than the single-sided uneven plate may be used as long as the unevenness can be formed on the outer surface of the sheet material type battery. For example, bars having a semicircular cross section may be arranged at a predetermined pitch between the sheet material and the battery power generation element. The cross-sectional shape may be a convex shape other than a half-moon shape. Moreover, the round protrusions may be discretely arranged on the flat plate instead of the linear convex portions and concave portions. The shape of the protrusion may be other than a circle. The arrangement of the protrusions may be a lattice arrangement or a staggered arrangement. Moreover, you may use the internal member which combined the board | plate material in mesh shape.

  Further, in the above, the sheet material is integrally formed in which the upper sheet material and the lower sheet material are connected at the connection portion, bent at the connection portion, and thermally welded on three sides. The material and the lower sheet material may be separated and the four sides may be heat-welded. Other bag-shaped forming methods may be used.

  It can be used as a battery and an assembled battery for electronic devices. Further, it can be used as a vehicle battery and an assembled battery.

It is a perspective view of the sheet material type battery in an embodiment according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the sheet material type battery in embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the electric power generation element for batteries in embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the uneven | corrugated board | plate material in embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the sheet material in embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows a mode that an assembled battery is comprised using the sheet material type battery 10 in embodiment which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  10 Sheet material type battery, 12 Battery power generation element, 14, 16 Electrode, 18, 20 Uneven plate material, 22, 23 Sheet material, 30, 50, 60, 61 Convex part, 32, 52, 62, 63 Concave part, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 End, 40, 42 Inner surface, 44, 46, 58, 59 Uneven shape, 70 Battery pack, 72, 73 Plate material, 74 Fastening band, 76 Gap.

Claims (6)

In a battery that encloses a battery power generation element with a sheet material, draws both electrodes from the battery power generation element to the outside, and hermetically seals and stores the end of the sheet material,
A member provided between the sheet material and the power generation element for the battery, comprising an internal member for forming irregularities to improve heat dissipation on the outer surface of the battery;
The internal member is made of a material that is more rigid than the sheet material, and has a concavo-convex portion on one side surface, and the other side surface is a single-sided concavo-convex plate having a shape along the shape of the battery power generation element,
A sheet material type battery characterized in that the sheet material has an uneven shape that forms an outer surface of the battery in combination with an internal member. In the sheet material type battery according to claim 1 ,
The internal member includes two concavo-convex plate members, and a battery power generation element is sandwiched between the other surface of each concavo-convex plate member. In the sheet material type battery according to claim 1 ,
The internal member has a concavo-convex portion having rounded corners, and is a sheet material type battery. In the sheet material type battery according to claim 1,
A sheet material type battery, wherein the sheet material has an uneven shape formed in advance. A flat case that wraps the battery power generation element with the sheet material, draws both electrodes from the battery power generation element to the outside, hermetically seals and stores the end of the sheet material, and is arranged side by side. A plurality of sheet material type cells,
Lamination fixing means for fastening a plurality of unit cells,
A battery pack including
Sheet material type cell
A member provided between the sheet material and the power generation element for the battery, comprising an internal member for forming irregularities to improve heat dissipation on the outer surface of the unit cell,
The internal member is made of a material that is more rigid than the sheet material, and has a concavo-convex portion on one side surface, and the other side surface is a single-sided concavo-convex plate having a shape along the shape of the battery power generation element,
The sheet material has an uneven shape that forms the outer surface of the battery in combination with the internal member,
Adjacent single cells are stacked so as to form a concave-convex gap for passing a heat-dissipating refrigerant between the side surfaces facing each other. Forming an internal member having a concave-convex shape on one surface and a shape along the shape of the battery power generation element on the other surface;
Forming two sub-assemblies each having the inner surface facing each other, sandwiching the power generation element for the battery therebetween, and having concave and convex shapes on both outer side surfaces;
Forming the unevenness combined with the unevenness of the internal member on the sheet material;
A process of aligning the unevenness of the sheet material with the uneven shape on both sides of the subassembly, and wrapping the subassembly,
A step of pulling out both electrodes from the power generation element for the battery, and joining the ends of the sheet material to hermetically seal the subassembly;
The equipped, have a concave-convex to improve the heat radiation property on both sides, the sheet material type method for producing a battery, wherein the inner portion material is a single-sided concave-convex plate composed of high rigidity than the sheet material.

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