JP4659680B2 - Base communication terminal and network system - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to a network system based in the communication terminal Suenami beauty, more particularly, to routing in a multi-hop network.

  In general, a network is formed by wireless terminals each having a relay function, and even terminals in a range where direct communication cannot be performed wirelessly are sequentially relayed by terminals within the communication range using the respective relay functions. A network that transmits data indirectly to a destination terminal and realizes data communication between terminals among a plurality of terminals is called a multi-hop network.

  In this multi-hop network system, it is necessary to determine a communication path as to which terminal relays and transmits data before data transmission to a destination terminal.

  As a method for determining a communication path, for example, there is an AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) protocol. This method is a method for determining a route by searching for a route when there is a request for data communication, and is performed as follows.

  A terminal that starts a route search first transmits a route request packet including a destination address and a communication cost (for example, the number of hops) by broadcast. If the terminal that has received the route request packet is not the destination terminal, the terminal changes the communication cost and relays it by broadcast. Information on the route request packet and the address of the relay source terminal that relayed this packet to itself Remember. When the destination terminal receives the route request packet, the destination terminal generates a route response packet and transmits it to the relay source address that relayed the route request packet. The terminal that has received the route response packet relays the stored route request packet to the relay source terminal, stores the terminal that relayed the route response packet in the route table as a relay destination (next hop) address, and a corresponding destination. Remember the address. When the terminal that has started the route search receives the route response packet, the terminal that relayed the route response packet is stored as a relay destination address in the route table, the corresponding destination address is stored, and the route search is terminated.

  When the route search is performed in this way, information on the destination terminal and the relay destination terminal is stored in the respective route tables of the relay terminal from the data transmission source terminal to the destination terminal, and relaying is performed according to this relay destination address. Thus, data can be transmitted from the transmission source terminal to the destination terminal. Further, by transmitting a route request packet and a route response packet according to the communication cost, data can be communicated through a route having the lowest communication cost.

  In the method described above, since a route table is held for each destination terminal, a route table for the destination of communication is required. In addition, since it is necessary for the relay terminal to hold a route table of the destination of data to be relayed, a terminal that becomes a relay route needs to hold a route table to a larger number of terminals. It is necessary to maintain a route table to all terminals existing in the network.

  In the above-described method, broadcast communication is performed during route search. Broadcast communication in a multi-hop network is performed by the terminal that receives the broadcast packet further relaying the broadcast packet. Therefore, a large amount of communication is performed at the time of route search, and a great load is placed on the network. Take it.

Therefore, as a method for reducing the amount of communication required at the time of route search by generating a data packet including a field instructing to request route information in route search, for example, “the data packet is a destination node In response, the destination node generates a route response packet that includes the route information, which can include the cost. It is forwarded through the network until it is received by the originating node, during which multiple route response packets with different costs can be generated, after which the originating node performs a cost calculation, The best route can be selected based on the cost. "(For example, see Patent Document 1) ).
However, this method also requires a route table for each destination, and requires a large amount of memory.

JP 2005-65267 A (summary)

  As described above, in the conventional base communication terminal, communication terminal, and network system, since it is necessary to hold a route table for each destination terminal, a large amount of memory is required for each terminal. However, in a network system in which a large number of inexpensive communication terminals, such as a sensor network, are arranged in a distributed manner, it is necessary to reduce the cost of the terminals, and a large amount of memory cannot be mounted on each terminal. Therefore, there has been a demand for a base communication terminal, a communication terminal, and a network system that can perform a route search with a small amount of necessary memory.

  In addition, a large communication load is applied to the network due to the broadcast communication at the time of route search, and a lot of network resources are spent on the route search. Therefore, there has been a demand for a base communication terminal, a communication terminal, and a network system capable of searching for a route with a small communication load on the network.

This invention is intended for the purpose of solving such a problem and to obtain a network system based in the communication terminal Suenami beauty that can reduce the amount of memory required for the route search.
Moreover, in which small route search of the communication load on the network to obtain the Netw network system possible.

In the base communication terminal according to the present invention, the communication terminal is composed of a plurality of communication terminals having a function of transmitting / receiving a communication message, relays the communication message between the plurality of communication terminals, and indirectly transmits the communication message to a destination communication terminal. Is a base communication terminal serving as a relay base in a multi-hop network system capable of mutual communication between the communication terminals that cannot directly communicate with each other, and an arbitrary communication terminal is a predetermined one or more Group determination means for determining which of a plurality of groups formed by communication terminals belongs, and one or a plurality of the base communication terminals among the base communication terminals belonging to the group are set as base relay destination terminals, And a base route holding means for holding route information to the base relay destination terminal, and the base relay destination terminal for relaying the communication message. Comprising a base relay destination selecting means for-option, wherein the plurality of communication terminals and base communication terminal, to form a network topology based on the tree structure, the address is allocated according to the hierarchy of the tree structure, the base path The holding means holds the address of the group reference terminal, which is the communication terminal arranged in a predetermined hierarchy of the tree structure, and the address of the base relay destination terminal corresponding to the group reference terminal as the route information. The group determination unit is configured to determine the group reference terminal based on the address of the group reference terminal held in the base route holding unit and a destination address indicating a destination communication terminal included in the communication message to be transmitted or relayed. Depending on whether or not the destination communication terminal belongs to a lower layer of the tree structure, the destination communication terminal belongs to any group When the destination communication terminal does not belong to the same group, the base relay destination selection means determines whether the destination communication terminal belongs to the group to which the destination communication terminal belongs based on the route information held in the base route holding means. The corresponding base relay destination terminal is selected as a relay destination terminal that relays the communication message .

  The present invention comprises group determination means for determining whether an arbitrary communication terminal belongs to a plurality of groups formed by a predetermined one or a plurality of communication terminals, and based on the determination result of the group determination means, a communication message By selecting a communication terminal that relays a message as a relay destination terminal and transmitting the communication telegram to the selected relay destination terminal, it is possible to reduce the amount of memory required for route search and to reduce the communication load on the network Can be reduced.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an example of a system configuration in the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, this multi-hop network is composed of a plurality of communication terminals 1 and a base communication terminal 2 having a function of transmitting and receiving data that is a communication message, and relays data between the plurality of communication terminals, By indirectly allowing data to reach the destination communication terminal, communication terminals that cannot perform direct communication can communicate with each other. In addition, a network having a tree structure topology, which will be described later, is formed as indicated by an auxiliary line 3 representing a communication connection state between the communication terminals. Furthermore, a part or all of the communication terminal 1 and the base communication terminal 2 are grouped to form one or a plurality of groups 4. In each group 4, one or a plurality of base communication terminals 2 are arranged. The numbers given to the communication terminals 1 and the base communication terminals 2 indicate the addresses of the communication terminals 1 and the base communication terminals 2 described later.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of the communication terminal according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 2, the communication terminal 1 includes a connection information holding unit 11, a data relay unit 12, and a communication unit 13. The connection information holding unit 11 connects a parent terminal and a child terminal in a network having a tree structure topology to be described later. The information relay unit 12 relays the data by causing the communication unit 13 to transmit the received data based on the terminal information stored in the connection information storage unit 11. Thereby, the communication terminal 1 can transmit / receive data to / from another communication terminal 1 or the base communication terminal 2 capable of direct communication. Furthermore, data can be relayed to another communication terminal 1 or base communication terminal 2.

  FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of the base communication terminal according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, in addition to the configuration of the communication terminal 1, the site communication terminal 2 includes a group determination unit 21, an intra-group relay destination selection unit 22, a site relay destination selection unit 23, a site route holding unit 24, and a site route. The search means 25 and the neighborhood terminal storage means 26 are comprised. The base route holding unit 24 includes a base relay destination table 100 and a route search table 200. When the group determination unit 21 relays data, the group determination unit 21 determines whether the destination address indicating the destination communication terminal included in the received data belongs to the same group as the base communication terminal 2, and belongs to the same group Selects the communication terminal 1 in the group as the relay destination terminal by the intra-group relay destination selection means 22, and if it does not belong to the same group, the base relay destination selection means 23 selects the base communication terminal 2 belonging to another group. Data is relayed by selecting it as a relay destination terminal and transmitting the data to the selected relay destination terminal. The base route holding means 24 and the base route searching means 25 register and hold the route information of the base communication terminal 2 for each group by the operation described later. Further, the neighboring terminal storage unit 26 holds any or all information of other communication terminals 1 within the communication range.

  4 is a block diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the base relay destination table in the first embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the route search table in the first embodiment. The base relay destination table 100 holds the correspondence between the destination group 101, the relay destination address 102, and the communication cost 103, and the route search table 200 includes the identification number 201, the search start base address 202, the relay source address 203, and the communication cost. 204 is held. The information held in each table is information related to the base route search by the base route search means 25 described later. The operation of the first embodiment having such a configuration will be described in detail below for (1) data relay, (2) group determination, and (3) base route search.

First, a network having a tree structure topology will be described.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a network structure having a tree-structure topology and a data communication path. A network having a tree structure topology defines the network connection information of the communication terminal 1 in terms of a parent or child relationship, and each communication terminal 1 holds the connection information of the parent terminal and the child terminal in the connection information holding means 11. In addition, each communication terminal 1 can determine whether any other communication terminal 1 is a descendant in the tree structure, and can further determine the number of layers up to any other communication terminal 1. It can be done. For example, in FIG. 6, the communication terminal 1-2 is a child terminal of the communication terminal 1-1, and is a parent terminal of the communication terminal 1-3 and the communication terminal 1-4. The communication terminals 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, etc. all correspond to the descendant terminals of the communication terminal 1-1. For example, the number of descendant terminals that can be connected to each communication terminal 1 is determined in advance according to the depth of the tree hierarchy, and the address given to each communication terminal 1 as shown in FIG. This is done by assigning the address of the descendant terminal so that it is always small. In addition, the number attached | subjected to each communication terminal 1 has shown the address of each terminal.

  In this way, in a network having a tree-structure topology, each communication terminal 1 relays a child terminal if the destination communication terminal is a descendant terminal, and relays the parent terminal to the destination terminal if the destination communication terminal is not a descendant terminal. Data can be transmitted. For example, when data is transmitted from the communication terminal 1-5 to the communication terminal 1-6 in FIG. 6, data transmission is performed through a route such as the communication route 5-1. In the following description, a path for transmitting and receiving between arbitrary communication terminals by the above-described method is referred to as a tree path.

(1) Data Relay The data relay procedure of the base communication terminal 2 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the base communication terminal in the first embodiment.
First, the group determination means 21 of the base communication terminal 2 determines whether the destination address is the same as the group to which the base communication terminal 2 belongs for the data to be relayed by an operation described later (S101). Next, if the groups are the same, the intra-group relay destination selection means 22 selects the communication terminal 1 to be the relay destination terminal by the tree path described above (S102), and the data relay means 12 and the communication means 13 are selected. The data is relayed to the relay destination terminal (S106).

  On the other hand, if the destination address is not the same as the group to which the base communication terminal 2 belongs as a result of the determination in the procedure (S101), the base relay destination selection means 23 selects the base relay destination terminal. First, the site relay destination selection unit 23 refers to the site relay destination table 100 held in the site route holding unit 24 and determines whether or not the destination address belongs to each of the destination groups 101 of the site relay destination table 100. Is determined by the group determination means 21 (S103). If the destination address belongs to any one of the destination groups 101, the relay destination address 102 corresponding to the destination group 101 is selected, and the base communication terminal 2 indicated by the selected relay destination address 102 is set as the base relay destination terminal ( S104). On the other hand, if the destination address does not belong to any destination group 101, the relay destination terminal is selected by the tree route described above (S105). Next, the data relay unit 12 and the communication unit 13 relay the data to the selected base relay destination terminal or relay destination terminal (S106). In the procedure (S103), based on the communication cost 103 held for each destination group 101 in the base relay destination table 100, the communication cost up to the destination address through the tree path and the communication cost when passing through the base relay destination terminal If the communication cost of the tree route is small, the relay destination terminal may be selected by the tree route according to the procedure (S105).

Next, the data relay procedure of the communication terminal 1 will be described.
Based on the destination address of the data to be relayed and the connection information held in the connection information holding means 11, the data relay means 12 of the communication terminal 1 sends the communication terminal 1 or base communication terminal 2 serving as the relay destination terminal to the tree path described above. The communication means 13 relays the data to the selected relay destination terminal.
A communication path in the multi-hop network by such an operation will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 8 is an illustrative view showing a route using the base communication terminal in the first embodiment. In FIG. 8, for example, data transmission from the communication terminal 1-12 to the communication terminal 1-14 is performed as follows.
The communication terminal 1-12 transmits data to the base communication terminal 2-1 according to the tree path. The base communication terminal 2-1 determines that the communication terminal 1-14 that is the destination address of the data to be relayed is not in the same group, and the communication terminal 1-14 belongs based on the information held in the base path holding means 24 Data is transmitted to the base communication terminal 2-2 which is the relay destination address 102 of the group 4-1. The base communication terminal 2-2 determines that the communication terminal 1-14 belongs to the group 4-1 by an operation described later, and transmits data to the communication terminal 1-13 according to the tree path. The communication terminal 1-13 transmits data to the communication terminal 1-14 according to the tree path. With this operation, data transmission from the communication terminal 1-12 to the communication terminal 1-14 is performed as in the communication path 5-2.
Further, by the same operation, for example, data transmission from the communication terminal 1-12 to the communication terminal 1-17 is performed as in the communication path 5-3.

(2) Group Determination Next, an example of a group determination method performed by the group determination unit 21 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 8, for example, the communication terminal 1-13 is set as a group reference terminal, and among the descendant terminals of the group reference terminal, the base communication terminal 2-2, the communication terminals 1-14, 1- 15 and 1-17 are defined as group 4-1. Here, if the group identification number of the destination group 101 in the base relay destination table 100 is the address of the communication terminal 1-13 that is the group reference terminal, in the network having the tree structure topology as described above, any communication is possible. Since it is possible to determine whether the terminal 1 and the base communication terminal 2 are descendant terminals of the group reference terminal and the number of hierarchies up to the descendant terminal, any communication terminal 1 and base communication terminal 2 can be assigned to the group 4. Whether it belongs can be determined from the identification number of the group and the addresses of the arbitrary communication terminal 1 and the base communication terminal 2. If the number of predetermined layers defining the group is sufficiently large, all descendant terminals of the group reference terminal and the group reference terminal become one group. The group reference terminal is set by a method in which a terminal having a predetermined depth is used as a group reference terminal in a network having a tree structure topology.

(3) Base Route Search Next, an example of the base route search method by the base route search means 25 will be described. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the site search request packet in the first embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the site search response packet in the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 9, the base search request packet 300 generated by the base communication terminal 2 that starts the base route search includes a base search request identifier 301, an identification number 302, a relay source address 303, a search start base address 304, a communication cost. 305 and a search range 306. Note that the communication cost 305 at the start of the base route search is 0.
Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the site search response packet 400 generated by the site communication terminal 2 that has received the site search request packet 300 by an operation described later includes a site search response identifier 401, an identification number 402, a relay source address 403, A search start base address 404, a response base address 405, a response group 406, and a communication cost 407 are included.
First, the base communication terminal 2 that starts the base route search generates a base search request packet 300 and broadcasts it. The operation of the base communication terminal 2 that has received this base search request packet 300 will be described below with reference to FIG.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an operation when a site search request packet is received in the first embodiment. The site communication terminal 2 that has received the site search request packet 300 attempts to register information of the site search request packet 300 in the route search table 200. At this time, the identification number 302 and the search start base address 304 of the base search request packet 300 are compared with the identification number 201 and the search start base address 202 of the route search table 200 (S201), and already correspond to the route search table 200. If there is a registration, the communication cost 305 of the received site search request packet 300 is compared with the communication cost 204 of the corresponding registration in the route search table 200 (S202, S203), and the communication cost 305 of the received site search request packet 300 is compared. However, if it is lower than the communication cost 204 registered in the route search table 200, it is newly registered in the route search table 200 (S205). Otherwise, the received route search request packet is discarded (S204).
When newly registered in the route search table 200, the cost at the time of receiving the base search request packet is added to the communication cost 305 of the base search request packet 300 and relayed by broadcast (S206). Further, the base search response packet 400 is generated and transmitted to the corresponding registered relay source address in the route search table 200 (S207). The communication cost 407 of the generated site search response packet 400 is set to zero. Here, the communication cost is determined based on values such as the number of relays (the number of hops) and the received radio wave intensity.
Next, the operation of the site communication terminal 2 when the site search response packet 400 is received will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an operation when the base search response packet is received in the first embodiment. The base communication terminal 2 that has received the base search response packet 400 uses the identification number 201 and the search start base address 202 of the route search table 200 when the search start base address 404 of the base search response packet 400 is its own address. If there is the same registration as the received base search response packet 400 (S301), registration of the base search response packet 400 information in the base relay destination table 100 is attempted.
At this time, if there is a corresponding registration in the site relay destination table 100, the communication cost 407 of the received site search response packet 400 is compared with the communication cost 204 registered in the site relay destination table 100 (S303). If the communication cost 407 of the received base location search response packet 400 is lower than the received communication cost 204, the registration is updated (S304). Otherwise, the base location search response packet 400 is discarded.
If the search start base address 404 is not its own address (S306) and is registered in the base relay destination table 100, the route search response packet 400 is further added with the cost at the time of receiving the base search response packet 400 to search the route. Relay is made to the corresponding registered relay source address 203 in the table 200 (S307).

  In this way, by transmitting and receiving the site search request packet 300 and the site search response packet 400, the relay destination address for each destination group is registered in the site relay destination table 100 of each site communication terminal 2, and between the site communication terminals. The optimum route between base communication terminals can be selected and relayed.

  Here, all the base communication terminals 2 that have received the base search request packet 300 generate and transmit the base search response packet 400. However, the base search is performed for either or both of the group to be searched and the base address to be searched. Only the relevant base communication terminal 2 may include the request packet 300 to generate and send the base search response packet 400. Thus, only the route to the required base communication terminal 2 can be searched by responding only to the relevant base communication terminal of the search.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, when the base communication terminal 2 relays data, it is determined whether the communication terminal 1 or the base communication terminal 2 of the destination address belongs to the group to which the base communication terminal 2 belongs. If it is determined by the determination means 21 and belongs to the group to which the base communication terminal 2 belongs, the relay destination terminal in the group is selected, and if not, the base communication terminal 2 of another group is selected as the relay destination. Thus, it is sufficient to have route information necessary for route selection for the destination group, and the required memory amount can be greatly reduced.

  Further, by limiting the number of groups 4 and the number of base communication terminals 2, it is possible to reliably estimate the amount of data required for the base relay destination table 100, and software design becomes easy.

  In the conventional method, the route search to the communication terminal 1 is performed once for each destination. However, the necessary route search table 200 and the base relay destination table are required by limiting the number of base communication terminals 2. Since the data amount of 100 is limited, the route search for all the base communication terminals 2 can be performed at a time. Further, by limiting the number of base communication terminals 2, it is possible to greatly reduce the necessary communication because broadcast is performed only by the base communication terminal 2 in the base communication terminal search.

  In the above description, the relay destination terminal is selected by the tree path in the procedure (S102). If the destination address matches the address of the neighboring terminal held in the neighboring terminal storage unit 26, the destination address is changed to the relay destination terminal. You may choose as Thus, by selecting the destination address as the relay destination address when it matches the neighboring terminal storage means 26, the number of relays is reduced compared to the tree path, so that an efficient path can be selected. When the route is selected in this way, in FIG. 8, data transmission from the communication terminal 1-12 to the communication terminal 1-14 is performed using the communication route 5-3.

  In the procedure (S103), the destination group is determined and the corresponding relay destination address is selected. Of the relay destination addresses 102 included in the base relay destination table 100, a relay destination address different from the relay source of the data to be relayed is selected. Any one may be arbitrarily selected. Even in this case, the number of base communication terminals 2 is limited, and since it can be transmitted to the destination terminal with a relatively small number of relays, the necessary amount of data can be suppressed, so that the effect of the present invention can be obtained. Is possible.

  In the procedure (S104), the relay destination address corresponding to the unconditional condition is selected. For example, the communication cost based on the number of relays in the tree path is calculated based on the tree structure, and the destination terminal's address is calculated from the communication cost in the base relay destination table. A communication cost may be calculated, and a relay destination address having a low communication cost may be selected by comparing the two. This makes it possible to select a more efficient communication path between the tree path and the path that passes through the base communication terminal.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of the base communication terminal according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 13, in the second embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the base communication terminal 2 in the first embodiment, when the base communication terminal 2 determines that it is a representative base communication terminal by the operation described later, Terminal operation switching means 27 for changing the operation method of the communication terminal 2 is provided.

  Next, the operation of the terminal operation switching unit 27 will be described. A predetermined value is set in advance for a predetermined hierarchy that defines a group reference terminal and a group. Here, in the setting of the group reference terminal, the group reference terminal is assumed to be a terminal having a predetermined hierarchy depth, and the predetermined hierarchy depth may be a fixed value in advance, or the hierarchy depth that the network configuration takes The base communication terminal 2 at a half depth may be set as the group reference terminal. When the communication terminal 1 having a half depth of the network configuration takes a group reference terminal, for example, in a network having a maximum depth of 6 layers as shown in FIG. 14, the depth is 3 layers. The communication terminal 1-20 becomes a group reference terminal. Also, the depth of the group reference terminal may be determined from a numerical value that defines a predetermined maximum network configuration. Further, a plurality of predetermined depths for determining the group reference terminal may be determined.

  A group reference terminal determined by a predetermined value by the above method or a newly set group reference terminal determines the address of the group reference terminal and a predetermined hierarchy defining the group as another communication terminal. 1 and the base communication terminal 2. In this way, when a network is configured, each communication terminal 1 and the base communication terminal 2 communicate with each other to automatically set the group 4-20.

  Furthermore, the terminal operation switching means 27 of the base communication terminal 2 in the group 4-20 operates as a representative base communication terminal in view of the communication state with other communication terminals 1, or the communication terminal 1 as a general communication terminal. It is determined whether or not the same operation is performed, and the operation method of the base communication terminal 2 is determined. When operating as a representative base communication terminal, it operates in the same manner as the base communication terminal 2 described in the first embodiment, and when operating as a general communication terminal, the base such as the group determination means 21 and the base relay destination selection means 23 The function unique to the communication terminal 2 is stopped, and the same operation as that of the communication terminal 1 is performed.

  For example, if the base communication terminal 2 is a group reference terminal, the terminal operation switching unit 27 determines that it operates as a representative base communication terminal. Alternatively, in the network in which addresses are assigned so as to have the above-described tree structure topology, a predetermined depth in the group is determined in advance, and the base communication terminal 2 having a predetermined depth L as shown in FIG. The terminal operation switching means 27 of -20, 2-21, and 2-22 has the base communication terminal 2 as a base candidate communication terminal, and the base communication terminal 2-20 having the youngest address in the base candidate communication terminal is representative. You may determine with it being a base communication terminal. The youngest address may be determined in advance by address numbering rules, or the base communication terminals 2-20, 2-21, and 2-22, which are base candidate communication terminals, communicate with each other to determine. Also good. The predetermined depth L in the group 4-20 may be determined in advance, or may be determined by a rule such as one half of the hierarchical depth in the group. A plurality of predetermined depths L in the group may be determined.

  As described above, the terminal operation switching unit 27 determines whether or not to operate as a representative base communication terminal, thereby automatically setting the representative base communication terminal in the group and operating as the base communication terminal 2 in the network. The number of communication terminals can be limited, and the amount of necessary data can be reduced.

  In the second embodiment, the base communication terminal 2 determined as a general communication terminal operates in the same manner as the communication terminal 1, but only a part of the unique functions in the base communication terminal 2 is used. For example, only the function of relaying the site search request packet 300 and generating the site search response packet 400 may be stopped. Further, by not relaying the site search request packet 300 and generating the site search response packet 400, the route information is not held in the site route holding means 24 of the other site communication terminal 2, so The number of base communication terminals 2 that are not recognized and exist on the network can be apparently reduced, and the amount of necessary data can be reduced.

Further, the terminal operation switching means 27 is a communication that can directly communicate with any or all of the representative base communication terminals, base candidate communication terminals, base communication terminals 2 belonging to groups other than the group to which the base communication terminal 2 belongs. A terminal is searched, and the site candidate communication terminals in the group communicate with each other. If the site candidate communication terminal in the group has the largest number of the base communication terminals 2 capable of direct communication, the terminal is determined as the representative site communication terminal. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, there are base communication terminals 2-30, 2-31, and 2-32 which are base candidate communication terminals in the group 4-21, and base communication which is the base candidate communication terminal in the group 4-22. When there is a terminal 2-33 and each of the base communication terminals 2-30, 2-31, 2-32 has a direct communicable range 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, The terminal operation switching means 27 of the site communication terminal 2-32 having the directly communicable range 6-3 with the most site candidate communication terminals within the directly communicable range causes the site communication terminal 2-32 to communicate with the representative site communication. Judge as a terminal. In addition, the terminal operation switching means 27 of the site candidate communication terminals communicates with each other so that the representative site candidate terminals of each group communicate with each other, and the representative site candidate terminals of each group are within the communicable range. The terminal may be determined. In addition, the terminal operation switching unit 27 may use a base communication candidate terminal having the largest number of communication terminals 1 arranged in the group and in the directly communicable range 6 as a representative base communication terminal.
By doing in this way, the base communication terminal 2 which can perform efficient route selection to the other base communication terminal 2 or the communication terminal 1 in the group can be used as the representative base communication terminal.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a communication terminal according to the third embodiment. In addition to the configuration of communication terminal 1 in the first embodiment, communication terminal 1 in the third embodiment includes base storage means 14 and neighboring base terminal search means 15 to efficiently select a relay destination terminal.

  In the first embodiment described above, the communication terminal 1 selects the relay destination terminal based on the tree path. However, in the third embodiment, the communication terminal 1 is placed in the vicinity where direct communication is possible by the base storage unit 14. When a certain base communication terminal 2 is registered in the nearby base list 500 and data is transmitted, the registered base communication terminal 2 is selected as a relay destination terminal, and data is transmitted regardless of the tree path.

  The nearby base list 500 in the base storage means 14 is registered by searching for the nearby base communication terminal 2 by the nearby base terminal searching means 15. For example, the base communication terminal 2 that has received the base search request packet 300 according to the search range 306 of the base search request packet 300 in the first embodiment, when the base search request packet 300 is relayed, Only the base communication terminal 2 in a certain range around the communication terminal is searched by limiting the number of relays of the base search request packet 300 by subtracting 306 and relaying, and not relaying if the search range is 0 or less. Is possible. By searching for the base communication terminal 2 with the range restricted in this way, the number of base communication terminals 2 that respond is limited, and the amount of data required for the base storage means 14 can be reduced.

  Thus, by selecting the base communication terminal 2 capable of direct communication as the relay destination terminal based on the nearby base list 500, data can be transmitted through a more efficient route. For example, when transmitting from the communication terminal 1-40 to the communication terminal 1-41 as shown in FIG. 17, the base communication terminal 2-40 registered in the nearby base list 500 of the communication terminal 1-40 is the data as the relay destination terminal. Is transmitted to become a communication path such as communication path 5-40.

  In the third embodiment, if the base communication terminal 2 is registered in the neighborhood base list 500, the base communication terminal 2 is selected as a relay destination address. By calculating and comparing the communication cost of the route to the base communication terminal 2, the relay destination address to the communication route with a lower cost may be selected. In this way, a more efficient route can be selected.

  In the first to third embodiments, the network configuration of the communication terminal 1 and the base communication terminal 2 having the relay function has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the communication terminal having the relay function and the relay function are described. Even in a network in which communication terminals that have no function are mixed, it is possible to reduce the amount of memory required for a communication terminal having a relay function.

1 is a system configuration diagram illustrating an example of a system configuration in Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a communication terminal according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a base communication terminal according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a base relay destination table according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a route search table according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of a network with a topology of a tree structure, and the communication path | route of data. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation of a base communication terminal in the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is an illustrative view showing a route using a base communication terminal in the first embodiment. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a site search request packet according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a site search response packet according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an operation when a site search request packet is received in the first embodiment. 6 is a flowchart showing an operation when a base search response packet is received in the first embodiment. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a base communication terminal according to Embodiment 2. FIG. FIG. 10 is an illustrative view showing operation of terminal operation switching means in the second embodiment. It is an illustration figure which shows the operation | movement of the terminal operation | movement switching means in Embodiment 2, and the direct communicable range. FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a communication terminal according to Embodiment 3. FIG. 10 is an illustrative view showing a communication path in the third embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Communication terminal, 2 base communication terminal, 3 Auxiliary line showing communication connection state, 4 groups, 5 communication path, 6 Direct communication possible range, 11 Connection information holding means, 12 Data relay means, 13 Communication means, 14 Base storage means , 15 Neighborhood base terminal search means, 21 Group determination means, 22 Intra-group relay destination selection means, 23 Base relay destination selection means, 24 Base route holding means, 25 Base route search means, 26 Neighborhood terminal storage means, 27 Terminal operation switching Means, 100 base relay destination table, 101 destination group, 102 relay destination address, 103 communication cost, 200 route search table, 201 identification number, 202 search start base address, 203 relay source address, 204 communication cost, 300 base search request packet 301 Location search request identifier 302 Identification number 303 Relay source address 304, search start base address, 305 communication cost, 306 search range, 400 base search response packet, 401 base search response identifier, 402 identification number, 403 relay source address, 404 search start base address, 405 response base address, 406 response Group, 407 communication cost, 500 neighborhood base list, L depth.

Claims (14)

Consists of a plurality of communication terminals having a function of transmitting and receiving communication messages, and cannot directly communicate by relaying the communication message between the plurality of communication terminals and indirectly reaching the destination communication terminal. A base communication terminal serving as a relay base in a multi-hop network system capable of mutual communication between the communication terminals,
Group determination means for determining which arbitrary communication terminal belongs to a plurality of groups formed by a predetermined one or a plurality of communication terminals ;
Of the base communication terminals belonging to the group, one or a plurality of the base communication terminals are set as base relay destination terminals, and base route holding means for holding route information to the base relay destination terminals;
A base relay destination selection means for selecting the base relay destination terminal to relay the communication message;
With
The plurality of communication terminals and the base communication terminal form a network having a topology based on a tree structure, and addresses are assigned according to the hierarchy of the tree structure,
The base route holding means is
Holding the address of the group reference terminal, which is the communication terminal arranged in a predetermined hierarchy of the tree structure, and the address of the base relay destination terminal corresponding to the group reference terminal as the route information;
The group determination means includes
Based on the address of the group reference terminal held in the base route holding means and the destination address indicating the destination communication terminal included in the communication message to be transmitted or relayed, in the lower layer of the tree structure of the group reference terminal According to whether or not the destination communication terminal belongs, determine which group the destination communication terminal belongs to,
The base relay destination selection means includes:
When the destination communication terminal does not belong to the same group, the base relay destination terminal corresponding to the group to which the destination communication terminal belongs is relayed based on the route information held in the base route holding means. A base communication terminal characterized by being selected as a relay destination terminal. Before SL group determining means, according to claim 1, wherein determining that the communication terminal belonging to up to a predetermined hierarchy of lower layers of the tree structure of the group reference terminal, belonging to the group reference terminal of the same group The base communication terminal described. An intra-group relay destination selection means for selecting the relay destination terminal;
Before SL-group relay destination selecting unit, the group determining means, when the own base communication terminal and the destination communication terminal is determined to belong to the same said group, any of the communication terminals belonging to the group, the The base communication terminal according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the base communication terminal is selected as a relay destination terminal. The intra-group relay destination selection means, when the destination communication terminal belongs to a lower layer of the local communication terminal of the tree structure, selects the communication terminal of a lower layer of the local communication terminal as the relay destination terminal And
2. The destination communication terminal, when the communication terminal of the one-step higher layer of the local communication terminal is selected as the relay destination terminal when the destination communication terminal does not belong to a lower layer of the local communication terminal of the tree structure. 3. The base communication terminal according to 3 . Of the plurality of communication terminals, comprising a nearby terminal storage means for storing the communication terminal capable of direct communication with the local communication terminal,
The intra-group relay destination selection means is included in the communication terminal stored in the neighboring terminal storage means based on a destination address indicating a destination communication terminal included in the communication message to be transmitted or relayed The base communication terminal according to claim 3 or 4 , wherein the destination communication terminal is selected as the relay destination terminal. Generate a base search request including the address information of your local communication terminal and broadcast it,
When the base search request is received from the base communication terminal other than the local base communication terminal, and broadcast transmission including the address information of the base base communication terminal is included in the base search request,
A site route search means for returning a site search response including the address information of the local site communication terminal is provided.
The base route holding means holds route information to the base relay destination terminal for each of the plurality of groups based on the base search request and the base search response . base communication terminal according to. In the topology network based on the tree structure, when the local communication terminal is arranged in a predetermined hierarchy, comprising a terminal operation switching means for determining the local communication terminal as the representative base communication terminal,
The base route search means, by the terminal operation switching unit, when the own base communication terminal is determined to the representative base communication terminal, according to claim, characterized in that for returning the base search response to the base search request 6 The base communication terminal described. 8. The base communication terminal according to claim 7, wherein the terminal operation switching means determines that the local base communication terminal is the representative base communication terminal when the local base communication terminal is set as the group reference terminal. The terminal operation switching means, when a plurality of the base communication terminals belonging to the same group are arranged in the predetermined hierarchy, when the address of the local base communication terminal is the smallest among the base communication terminals, The base communication terminal according to claim 7 , wherein a communication terminal is determined as the representative base communication terminal. The terminal operation switching means, when a plurality of the base communication terminals belonging to the same group are arranged in the predetermined hierarchy, the base relay other than the group to which the local base communication terminal belongs among the base communication terminals The base communication terminal according to claim 7 , wherein when the most direct communication with the destination terminal is possible, the base communication terminal is determined as the representative base communication terminal. Network system characterized by comprising at least one or more bases communication terminal according to any one of claims 1-10. A communication terminal having a function of transmitting and receiving a communication message, and transmitting or relaying the communication message by a network having a topology based on a tree structure;
A network system comprising at least one or more base communication terminals according to any one of claims 1 to 10 . The communication terminal is
Comprising a base storage means for storing information of a base communication terminal serving as a base for relaying the communication message;
When transmitting or relaying the communication message to an arbitrary destination communication terminal, the base communication terminal held in the base storage unit is selected as the relay destination terminal, and the communication telegram is transmitted to the selected relay destination terminal. The network system according to claim 12, wherein: The communication terminal is
When a base search request is generated and broadcasted, and a base search response to the base search request is received, the base storage means that holds information on the base communication terminal that has transmitted the base search response in the base storage means 14. The network system according to claim 13, further comprising:

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