JP4655447B2 - Water treatment apparatus, water treatment method and water treatment program - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention includes industrial wastewater discharged from various factories, research facilities, power generation facilities, dairy farming, play facilities, etc., buildings, general households, accommodation facilities, bathing facilities, restaurants, hospitals and other medical institutions, various schools, etc. Regarding biological treatment used for purification of various types of wastewater such as domestic wastewater discharged from educational facilities and exercise facilities, in particular, a water treatment apparatus, a water treatment method and a water treatment program using adsorption treatment or decomposition treatment of organic matter in the water About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, water treatment to purify water containing organic substances includes (1) using biodegradation, (2) contacting with an oxidant or catalyst, or chemical decomposition by adding an oxidant or catalyst. , (3) Combustion decomposition using physical force such as heat or pressure, (4) Decomposition using ultraviolet rays or ultrasonic waves, (5) Adsorption removal using an adsorbent, etc. Has been put to practical use.
[0003]
In designing such water treatment and treatment equipment, the maximum water type, concentration, and amount of water that are generally assumed to be treated are set, the simulated water is adjusted, and a small test equipment is formed. Check the performance of the small test equipment with simulated water. Various conditions are determined based on the data obtained at this time, and an actual processing apparatus is designed. For example, if it is an aerobic biological treatment apparatus, it will be investigated whether sludge can be acclimatized first, Next, the relationship between raw water / sludge contact time and treated water quality will be calculated | required, and the influence of water temperature or pH will be finally packed. A performance curve of the activated sludge tank is created from this data, and the required number of tank stages, volume, blower capacity for aeration, and the like are designed.
[0004]
Chemical oxygen consumption (COD), biochemical oxygen consumption (BOD), total organic carbon content (TOC), and the like are used as indicators representing the concentration of organic substances in water. In the purification of organic matter in water, it is generally designed with the maximum values of water type (= substance), concentration, and water volume assumed in advance, so stable treatment is performed, but in reality the quality and volume of raw water are constant. Not necessarily. For this reason, driving | running on the conditions which considered the safety factor to the designed maximum value or the estimated average value is performed, and it becomes a big energy loss in this driving | running form. Therefore, a method has been adopted in which a water quality monitor (a COD meter or a TOC meter) is installed at the inlet of the treatment apparatus to check the water quality and to operate while checking the safety factor.
[0005]
The following patent documents 1-4 exist about the prior art about such a water treatment.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-107796 A
[0007]
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-9-164393
[0008]
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-6-66718
[0009]
The technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a technique related to a sewage treatment process simulator system, and utilizes raw water information obtained by an ultraviolet absorbance measurement method for IAWQ activity model simulation. The technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a technique related to a method for treating a hardly decomposable substance contained in the return water, and uses ultraviolet absorbance (260 nm value) as an index of the hardly decomposable substance. The technique disclosed in Patent Document 3 is a technique related to simultaneous monitoring of a large number of water treatment performance indicators, analyzing a spectrum of an aqueous system in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm, applying a chemometrics calculation rule to the spectrum, The content is to measure the concentration of the performance indicator at the same time.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, decomposability and adsorption characteristics are different for each substance. In particular, in a decomposition apparatus that uses a living organism, if a substance that is toxic to the living organism flows in, the biological activity is reduced, and not only the toxic substance but also the degradability of other organic substances is reduced. Become. It is dangerous to operate by monitoring the concentration of influent water using conventional COD and TOC indicators that represent the total of organic substances contained in water. In addition, there is BOD as an index that takes into account the activity of living organisms, but formal measurement according to the JIS method requires about 5 days, and is not suitable as a real-time operation management index in the field. In addition, the respiratory rate measurement method (or bioactivity measurement method) that represents the biological activity index is effective as an index that represents the instantaneous value of the biological activity of the biological tank itself, but it identifies the components of influent and effluent water. Can not do it. In addition, this method is discontinuous and cannot be applied to correction of a decrease in biological activity due to other factors such as temperature and pH, and therefore cannot be applied to devices other than biological devices. In addition, even if the treatment capacity for various inflowing substances is required in the preliminary experiment, the concentration and ratio of each substance contained in the inflowing water are unknown, and therefore operation with a high safety factor is unavoidable. Analysis problems such as the quality of water to be treated in this way are obstacles to efficient water treatment.
[0011]
In addition, monitoring the quality of effluent water using a measuring instrument is important in order to prevent sewage from leaking downstream. Conventional water quality information only monitors the total amount of organic substances in the water. In the organic matter decomposition, whether or not the substance to be decomposed is decomposed, that is, 100% decomposition or 0% decomposition is not an alternative. There are various decomposition pathways for organic matter decomposition such as complete decomposition at once, accompanied by intermediate pathways that generate reaction by-products, etc., and decomposition pathways depending on the nature of the substance itself or the decomposition conditions. Is not constant. When reaction by-products are present in the effluent, the conventional simple measurement method lacks monitoring information, and such information cannot stabilize the operation of the processing apparatus. For this reason, in order to prevent leakage of sewage, it is necessary to set conditions with a sufficient margin, and there is a problem that energy loss increases.
[0012]
Conventionally, methods for identifying organic components in water, such as gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and NMR methods, have been used to obtain water quality information. However, organic components are identified in mixed water systems such as wastewater. At the same time, it is troublesome to measure the concentration at the same time, and even if a technique such as adding an indicator is used together, it is difficult. In addition, wastewater containing impurities such as suspended solids requires pretreatment such as removing impurities such as suspended solids before introducing the water to be measured into the measuring device. For this reason, the conventional substance identification method is unsuitable for continuous measurement of water quality in the field, and improvement of the analysis method has been desired.
[0013]
With respect to such problems of the prior art, the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 can realize stabilization of adsorption treatment or decomposition treatment of organic substances in water and reduction of energy loss required for the treatment. There wasn't.
[0014]
Therefore, in the present invention, water quality monitoring before and after treatment is extremely important for preventing leakage of sewage, and although the decomposability and adsorption characteristics are different for each substance in the water, the identification of organic components and the measurement of concentration are optical. The water treatment device proposed based on the knowledge that it is possible by the method, the purpose of which is to stabilize the adsorption treatment or decomposition treatment of organic matter in water and reduce the energy loss required for the treatment Another object is to provide a water treatment method and a water treatment program.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The structure of the water treatment apparatus, the water treatment method, and the water treatment program of the present invention that has solved the problem is as follows.
[0016]
The water treatment apparatus of the present invention will be described, for example, with reference to FIG. 1 showing an embodiment of the activated sludge method. An aeration tank for inflowing water to be treated, supplying air to the water, and subjecting the inflow water to aeration And processing means (plant 2, selector 4, first aeration tank 6, second aeration tank 8, and sedimentation basin 10 in which organic substances are adsorbed or decomposed and the processing capacity is controlled by the amount of air supplied. ), A first measurement means (sensor 46) for measuring the absorbance spectrum or emission spectrum of water before treatment by the treatment means at a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm, and the treatment means A second measuring means (sensor 48) for measuring the absorbance spectrum or emission spectrum of the treated water at a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm; and the first measuring means. Each measurement value obtained in the fine said second measuring means And adding the product of the inherent unit spectrum for each component of water and the presence coefficient for each component, and applying regression calculation to this equation to determine the presence factor for each component, Use existence coefficient The water Said The content and concentration are calculated, and based on the calculation result, it is determined whether or not the adjustment of the flow rate of the influent water to the processing means is necessary. If it is not necessary to adjust the flow rate, it is determined whether the processing capacity of the processing means needs to be adjusted. If the processing capacity needs to be adjusted, the processing capacity is adjusted and the processing capacity is adjusted. If there is no need for adjustment, control means (computer 50, host computer 54) for shifting to wastewater treatment is provided.
[0017]
In the treatment means, water is purified by adsorbing or decomposing organic substances contained in water such as waste water. For water before and after the adsorption treatment or decomposition treatment of this treatment means, the measurement means measures an absorbance spectrum or an emission spectrum. The control means that has received the measurement data executes arithmetic processing and control processing, and in the arithmetic processing, a chemometrics arithmetic rule is applied to the spectrum data, This spectral data is added to the product of the specific unit spectrum of each water component and the existence coefficient for each component, and regression calculation is applied to this equation to determine the existence coefficient for each component. Using the coefficient The identification and concentration of water-containing components are calculated, and in the control process, either or both of the amount of inflow water to the processing means and the processing capacity of the processing means are controlled using the calculation result. The chemometrics calculation rule is a calculation technique related to quantitative chemistry, and is a means related to chemical pattern recognition and multivariate analysis of chemical data. In the present invention, it is used for analyzing spectral data. By such spectral data analysis, the identification and concentration of contained substances are calculated with extremely high accuracy, and since such calculation results are used, control of either or both of the amount of influent water and the processing capacity of the processing means is performed. The accuracy can be enhanced, stabilization of the adsorption treatment or decomposition treatment of organic substances in water, and reduction of energy loss required for the treatment can be achieved.
[0018]
This In the water treatment apparatus, the spectrum of the measuring means is measured continuously at a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm or a plurality of wavelengths. Suck Luminous intensity Spectrum Alternatively, if the emission spectrum is measured, the identification of the contained substances necessary for the control and the concentration thereof can be calculated with high accuracy.
[0019]
In the water treatment apparatus of the present invention, the control means controls a treatment time in the treatment means based on the calculation result. That is, in addition to controlling the amount of water flowing into the processing means or the processing capacity, if the processing capacity is the same, the processing capacity can be controlled by controlling the processing time and residence time of water to be processed in the processing means. Similar effects can be realized.
[0020]
In the water treatment apparatus of the present invention, the control means includes In transition to the wastewater treatment The measured values of water before and after treatment are compared, and if a component not included in the influent water is present in the component of the effluent water, the effluent water is returned to the influent water side of the processing means for reprocessing. It is characterized by giving. That is, reprocessing is effective in preventing leakage of sewage, and reprocessing is performed by returning the outflow water to the inflow water side. In this reprocessing, the measured values of water before and after treatment are compared, and on the condition that components that are not included in the influent water are present in the components of the effluent, the outflow of substances that should not be discharged In addition, treatment corresponding to the identified substance can be performed accurately, and contamination by waste water can be prevented.
[0021]
The water treatment apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the treatment means biodegrades the organic matter.
[0022]
In the water treatment apparatus of the present invention, the treatment means is based on chemical decomposition using one or both of an oxidizing agent and a catalyst.
[0023]
In the water treatment apparatus of the present invention, the treatment means is one that evaporates or separates by combustion or decomposition using either one or both of heat and pressure.
[0024]
The water treatment apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the treatment means is decomposed by one or both of ultraviolet rays and ultrasonic waves.
[0025]
In the water treatment apparatus of the present invention, the treatment means includes an adsorption means filled with a granular, plate-like, or fibrous adsorption material.
[0026]
In the water treatment apparatus of the present invention, the measuring means analyzes by absorption or luminescence, and uses a UV-Vis-NIR diode array spectrophotometer.
[0027]
In the water treatment apparatus of the present invention, the treatment means for adsorbing or decomposing organic substances is installed in the same tank as a different kind of treatment means different from the treatment means, or the treatment means is connected in series with the different kind treatment means or It is characterized by being arranged in parallel. That is, there are various types of installation methods of the processing means, and it is possible to adopt various methods of serial or parallel installation alone or in combination with other devices. First, according to the water treatment device of the present invention, it is possible to stabilize the adsorption treatment or decomposition treatment of organic matter in water and reduce the energy loss required for the treatment.
[0028]
In the water treatment method of the present invention, the water to be treated is introduced, air is supplied to the water to perform aeration treatment, the organic matter is adsorbed or decomposed into the inflow water, and the water before treatment. A first measurement process for measuring an absorbance spectrum or an emission spectrum in a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm, and an absorbance spectrum or an emission spectrum of water after the treatment in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm Second measurement processing for measuring at a wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths, and each measurement value obtained by the first measurement means and the second measurement means And adding the product of the inherent unit spectrum for each component of water and the presence coefficient for each component, and applying regression calculation to this equation to determine the presence factor for each component, Use existence coefficient The water Said Based on the process of calculating the content and concentration, and based on the calculation result, it is determined whether or not the adjustment of the amount of flowing water is necessary, and if the adjustment of the amount of flowing water is necessary, the amount of flowing water is adjusted, If it is not necessary to adjust the amount of running water, it is determined whether adjustment of the treatment capacity of the organic matter adsorption treatment or decomposition treatment is necessary. If adjustment of the treatment capacity is necessary, the treatment capacity is adjusted. If there is no need for adjustment of the processing capacity, a process for shifting to wastewater treatment is provided.
That is, this processing method is
(1) Purification treatment
(2) First and second measurement processing
(3) Arithmetic processing
(4) Control processing
Is included. The purification treatment is an adsorption treatment or decomposition treatment of organic matter in water, and such treatment includes biodegradation of organic matter, chemical decomposition using one or both of an oxidizing agent or a catalyst, one or both of heat and pressure. Depending on treatment such as evaporation separation or combustion decomposition, decomposition by ultraviolet rays or ultrasonic waves, or both. For adsorbing organic substances in the treatment, a granular, plate-like, or fibrous adsorbent can be used. In the measurement process, the absorbance spectrum and emission spectrum of water are measured using a UV-Vis-NIR diode array spectrophotometer or the like. In the arithmetic processing that is the basis of the control processing, the content component and the concentration are calculated by applying chemometrics calculation rules to the measured values of water before and after the processing. Then, the control means controls either or both of the amount of water to be treated and the treatment capacity with respect to the treatment means to be controlled, using the calculation result. In this case, the processing includes control of processing capacity and control of water processing time and residence time in the processing means without changing the processing capacity.
[0029]
The water treatment program of the present invention is a water treatment program that is executed by a computer, in which water to be treated is introduced, air is supplied to the water for aeration treatment, and organic matter is adsorbed or treated in the inflow water. A function of decomposing and adjusting the processing capacity according to the supply amount of air, and a process of measuring an absorbance spectrum or an emission spectrum of water before the treatment at a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm. A first measurement function; a second measurement function that executes a process of measuring the absorbance spectrum or emission spectrum of water after treatment at a wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths that are continuous in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm; Each measured value obtained by the measuring means and the second measuring means And adding the product of the inherent unit spectrum for each component of water and the presence coefficient for each component, and applying regression calculation to this equation to determine the presence factor for each component, Use existence coefficient The water Said Based on the function of calculating the content and concentration and the calculation result, it is determined whether or not the adjustment of the amount of flowing water is necessary, and if the adjustment of the amount of flowing water is necessary, the amount of flowing water is adjusted, If it is not necessary to adjust the amount of running water, it is determined whether adjustment of the treatment capacity of the organic matter adsorption treatment or decomposition treatment is necessary. If adjustment of the treatment capacity is necessary, the treatment capacity is adjusted. If the processing capacity is not required to be adjusted, the computer is caused to execute a function of shifting to wastewater treatment. That is, this water treatment program is a program for causing a water treatment apparatus to perform a water treatment method, and includes a calculation step of spectrum data and a calculation step of control data using the calculation result. In the former calculation step, chemometrics calculation rules are applied to the spectrum data measured before and after the organic substance adsorption or decomposition process, and the content component and concentration are calculated. In the latter calculation step, the calculation result is used. Control data representing the amount of water to be treated and the content of the treatment capacity is calculated. By using such a water treatment program, the water treatment method according to the present invention can be realized by using an existing or newly installed water treatment apparatus, stabilization of the adsorption treatment or decomposition treatment of organic matter in water, and energy loss required for the treatment. Can be reduced.
[0030]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1: has shown the outline | summary of the water treatment system which concerns on embodiment of the water treatment apparatus of this invention, a water treatment method, and a water treatment program. Note that the treatment system shown in FIG. 1 only describes one embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment shows the water treatment apparatus, the water treatment method, and the water treatment program itself of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG.
[0031]
In this water treatment system, for example, a biological treatment plant (hereinafter simply referred to as “plant”) 2 that performs purification treatment using microorganisms is installed as a treatment means for water treatment, and the plant 2 according to this embodiment includes The selector 4, the first aeration tank 6, the second aeration tank 8, and the sedimentation basin 10 are installed as specific configurations for performing biological treatment for decomposing organic substances in water. All of these need not be installed as processing means. In this case, the selector 4 is a small aeration tank designed to be under a high load condition in order to suppress the generation of filamentous bacteria. Air is supplied to the selector 4 and the aeration tanks 6 and 8 through an air filter 12 and a blower 14 for aeration processing. The supply amount of air as control of the processing capacity of the plant 2 is controlled by the number of rotations of a drive source such as a motor (not shown) that rotates the blower 14.
[0032]
Raw water 18 such as waste water to be treated from a factory line (not shown) is stored in the raw water tank 16 installed in the previous stage of the selector 4, and this raw water 18 is guided to the selector 4 by a raw water pump 20. The water that has been subjected to the aeration process by the selector 4 and the purification process by the microorganisms is guided to the aeration tank 8 through the purification process by the microorganisms in the aeration tank 6, the purification process by the microorganisms is performed again, and is guided to the sedimentation tank 10. . A drainage line 24 is formed in the sedimentation basin 10 as means for draining the supernatant water as treated water 22 to a river or the like. The drain line 24 is provided with a pump 26 that pumps the treated water 22 and a valve 28 that opens and closes the drain line 24. The pump 26 and the valve 28 constitute a means for controlling the retention time of the raw water 18 and the water being treated in the plant 2 or the treatment time of biological treatment. In addition, assuming that the treated water 22 cannot be directly drained from the drainage line 24 to a river or the like, a return line 30 is installed between the drainage line 24 and the raw water tank 16, and the return line 30 is opened and closed. A valve 32 is provided as a means to do this. The discharge of the treated water 22 to the outside and the return to the raw water tank 16 are performed by a valve 28, 32 Either or both of them can be selectively performed by opening and closing the valve 28, and the discharge amount or the return amount thereof is the valve 28, 32 It can be adjusted by the degree of opening.
[0033]
The sedimentation basin 10 is provided with a sludge discharge line 36 for discharging the precipitated sludge 34 and a valve 38 for opening and closing the sludge discharge line 36 and a sludge return line 40 for returning the sludge 34 to the selector 4 side. The sludge return line 40 is provided with a return sludge pump 42 that pumps the sludge 34 and a valve 44 that opens and closes the sludge return line 40. The sludge 34 is discharged or returned selectively by opening and closing the valves 38 and 44, and the discharged amount or returned amount is adjusted by the opening degree. The sludge 34 discharged from the sludge discharge line 36 is guided to a dehydrator (not shown) to be dehydrated.
[0034]
And the sensor 46 which is the 1st measurement means which detects the component of the raw | natural water 18 which is inflow water, and its density | concentration is installed in the entrance side of the plant 2 as a measurement means which measures the spectrum of the water before a process. Yes. For example, the sensor 46 measures the spectrum of the raw water 18 that is the water to be treated using an absorbance spectrum or an emission spectrum at a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm. The sensor 46 may be installed on the raw water tank 16 or its factory line side as indicated by a broken line.
[0035]
Further, on the outlet side of the plant 2, a sensor 48 which is a second measuring means for detecting the component of the treated water 22 as the outflow water and its concentration is installed as a measuring means for measuring the spectrum of the treated water. ing. For example, the sensor 48 measures the spectrum of the treated water 22 of the plant 2 using an absorbance spectrum or an emission spectrum at a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm. Moreover, the sensor 48 may be installed in the position shown with a broken line, and it is good also considering the treated water 49 guide | induced to the sedimentation basin 10 from the aeration tank 8 as a measuring object.
[0036]
In addition, the plant 2 includes a calculation means for calculating the content and concentration by applying a chemometrics calculation rule to each measurement value obtained by the measurement means such as the sensors 46 and 48, and the plant 2 based on the calculation result. A computer 50 is installed as a control means for controlling either or both of the amount of water flowing into the plant and the processing capacity of the plant 2. Data representing components, concentrations, and the like detected by the sensors 46 and 48 are taken into the computer 50 at all times or in a timely manner and used as calculation information and control information. Further, the control output of the computer 50 is applied to various control objects such as the motor of the blower 14, the raw water pump 20, the pump 26, the valves 28, 32, 38, 44 and the return sludge pump 42.
[0037]
In addition, the computer 50 is connected to a host computer 54 installed in an administrator or the like through various information network media 52 such as the Internet, and is configured to be able to exchange necessary data, and is linked to the host computer 54. A database 56 serving as a data storage unit is installed, and various types of data created by data processing by the computer 50 or the host computer 54 are stored in the database 56. In this embodiment, the computer 50 is configured to convert or display the detection output of the sensors 46 and 48 into components, concentrations, etc., but this is not necessarily required, and the detection data of the sensors 46 and 48 is directly stored in the host computer. 54, and the host computer 54 may perform arithmetic processing and control processing.
[0038]
In this embodiment, a single computer 50 is used. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a calculation unit 58 as a calculation unit and a control unit 60 as a control unit are separated from each other. You may comprise.
[0039]
An embodiment of a water treatment method using this water treatment apparatus will be described with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG. 3, for example.
[0040]
In step S <b> 1, the raw water 18 is purified at the plant 2. That is, the raw water pump 20 is operated from the raw water tank 16 to flow the raw water 18 to the selector 4, the aeration tanks 6, 8 and the sedimentation basin 10, and the organic matter adsorption process and decomposition process are executed. In step S2, the measurement data of the sensor 46 and the measurement data of the sensor 48 are captured in this process. That is, the spectrum data capturing process is performed, and in step S3, the content component and the concentration are calculated by applying chemometrics calculation rules to the acquired spectrum data. This calculation result is used as control information for the plant 2.
[0041]
As control of the plant 2, in step S4, it is determined whether or not adjustment of the flowing water amount is necessary from the calculation result, and if necessary, the process proceeds to step S5 to adjust the flowing water amount. That is, when the purification process is delayed, in order to lengthen the treatment time of the raw water 18 in the plant 2, the number of rotations of the raw water pump 20 is reduced to suppress the raw water supply amount. Further, when the purification process is in progress, the raw water supply amount is increased.
[0042]
After such adjustment of the amount of flowing water, or when adjustment of the amount of flowing water is unnecessary, the process proceeds to step S6 to determine whether or not adjustment of the processing capacity is necessary. In this case, the processing capacity depends on the aeration amount with respect to the selector 4 and the aeration tanks 6, 8. In this embodiment, the processing capacity is adjusted according to the rotation speed of the blower 14 as the adjustment of the processing capacity. Therefore, if the processing capacity needs to be adjusted in step S6, the process proceeds to step S7, where the rotational speed is increased or decreased to optimize the processing capacity.
[0043]
After such adjustment of the processing capacity, or when the processing capacity is unnecessary, the process proceeds to step S8, drainage treatment is performed, and the purified treated water 22 is discharged to the outside. As a result, the water treatment method according to the present invention can be realized using an existing or new water treatment apparatus, and the adsorption treatment or decomposition treatment of organic substances in water can be stabilized, and the energy loss required for the treatment can be reduced.
[0044]
By the way, in the waste water treatment of step S8, for example, waste water treatment control shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4 is performed. In this wastewater treatment control, the calculation result of the spectrum data acquired from the sensor 48 in step S11 is compared with the calculation result of the spectrum data acquired from the sensor 46, and components not included in the inflow water exist in the outflow water. It is determined whether or not there is an abnormality, and when the component not contained in the raw water 18 is contained in the treated water 22, that is, the component in the treated water 22 is not present in the raw water 18. If YES in step S12, the flow advances to step S12 to perform return processing. In this return processing, the valve 28 of the drainage line 24 is closed, the valve 32 of the return line 30 is opened, the pump 26 is driven, the treated water 22 is returned from the return line 30 to the raw water tank 16, and reprocessing is performed in the plant 2. Do. Moreover, when the abnormal state that the component which is not contained in inflow water exists in outflow water as a result of such reprocessing or step S11 is not detected, it transfers to step S13 and valve | bulb 28 is made. Open and discharge the treated water 22 to the outside. By such reprocessing by return, purification of the treated water 22 can be improved, and highly reliable water treatment can be realized. In this case, a part of the treated water 22 may be always returned from the return line 30 to the raw water tank 16.
[0045]
In the calculation process in step S3 during this process, the outline of the spectrum decomposition method based on the chemometrics calculation rule will be described. The spectrum S of the water to be measured such as the raw water 18 has various spectra X and Y from the substances A to Z in the water. , Z... Are synthesized. That is, the spectrum S is
S = aX + bY + cZ + (1)
Can be expressed as However, in equation (1)
S: Spectrum of measured water
X: unit spectrum specific to component A
Y: Unit spectrum specific to component B
Z: Unit spectrum specific to component C
:
a, b, c...: existence coefficient of each component
It is.
[0046]
Here, the chemometrics calculation rule assumes that the equation (1) applies to the spectrum S of the water to be measured, and performs regression calculation of each coefficient a, b, c... At several wavelength positions. Ask. For simplicity, assuming that three types of substances A, B, and C exist in water, for example, a spectrum S of water to be measured, which is an application example of the chemometrics calculation rule, is shown in FIG.
[0047]
In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis indicates the wavelength, and the vertical axis indicates the absorbance. The unit spectrum of the substance A at wavelength 1 is X1, the B unit spectrum is Y1, and the C unit spectrum is Z1. Similarly, the values at wavelength 2 are X2, Y2, and Z2, the values at wavelength 3 are X3, Y3, and Z3, and the values at wavelength 4 are X4, Y4, and Z4. On the other hand, when the spectrum S of the water to be measured is measured, it is assumed that the wavelength 1 is S1, the wavelength 2 is S2, the wavelength 3 is S3, and the wavelength 4 is S4. At this time, each spectrum S1 to S4 is given by the following equation under the above assumption.
[0048]
S1 = a * X1 + b * Y1 + c * Z1 (2)
S2 = a * X2 + b * Y2 + c * Z2 (3)
S3 = a * X3 + b * Y3 + c * Z3 (4)
S4 = a * X4 + b * Y4 + c * Z4 (5)
[0049]
In the equations (2) to (5), the coefficients a, b, and c are the abundance ratios of the components. Therefore, the concentration of each component can be determined by obtaining the coefficients a, b, and c and referring to the concentration-spectrum data for each component prepared in advance. In actual wastewater, since the contained substances are A to Z and are innumerable, simultaneous equations for obtaining the coefficients a, b and c cannot be established. Moreover, the existence of errors cannot be ignored. Therefore, an appropriate numerical value is entered for each coefficient a, b, c..., So that the spectra S1 to Sn are fit, in other words, a regression calculation is performed so as to fall within a preset probability range. Is a chemometric calculation rule. The unit spectrum X specific to the component A obtained from the spectrum S of the water to be measured shown in FIG. 5 using this chemometrics calculation rule is shown in FIG. 6A, and the unit spectrum Y specific to the component B is shown in FIG. (B) The unit spectrum Z specific to component C is obtained as shown in FIG.
[0050]
By applying such chemometrics calculation rules, it is possible to pattern and analyze the identification and concentration of substances in wastewater consisting of countless contained substances, and the calculation results can be applied to the actual purification process control. However, there is no inconvenience, and highly accurate processing can be realized. As a result, adsorption treatment or decomposition processing of organic matter in water can be stabilized, and energy loss required for the processing can be reduced.
[0051]
And in this embodiment, with respect to the raw | natural water 18 which flows in into the plant 2, a light absorbency or an emission spectrum is measured with the wavelength which continued in the wavelength range of 200-2500 nm, or several wavelengths. By applying chemometrics calculation rules to the spectrum data, the identification and concentration of contained components are calculated. The calculated value is compared with the inherent performance curve of the plant 2, and the flow rate of the raw water 18 supplied to the plant 2 and various conditions (basic conditions) for operating the plant 2 are set.
[0052]
When operating under this basic condition, the absorbance or emission spectrum of the treated water 22 flowing out from the plant 2 is measured at a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in the wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm. By applying chemometrics calculation rules to the spectrum data, the identification and concentration of contained components are calculated. When the value obtained by this calculation is higher than a predetermined value, the raw water 18 flowing into the plant 2 is stopped or reduced, the treated water 22 flowing out from the plant 2 is suppressed, or the raw water 18 It is returned to the side by the return line 30 and reprocessed.
[0053]
By the way, in order to apply the chemometrics calculation rule to the spectrum data, it is necessary to prepare parameters of various substances in advance, but since the correlation accuracy with the actual water quality increases according to the accuracy of the measurement data, When the quality of the raw water 18 is known in advance, it is desirable to prepare many parameters. In this case, when the substance contained in the raw water 18 is unknown, the parameters may be created by identification using a gas chromatography method, a liquid chromatography method, an NMR method, or the like.
[0054]
In addition, as the spectrum measurement method, there are a sampling measurement method by an external installation type and a direct measurement method by a throw-in type, which can be applied, but the latter does not require a mechanism such as sampling, and errors related to sampling (tubes) Adhesion, adsorption, decomposition during transfer time, etc.) are preferable. This type of equipment has been put into practical use, for example, a product made by Austria S :: CAN, a product made by SECOMAM, France, and the like.
[0055]
Information obtained from the measured spectrum data is distributed by the computer 50, the components and their concentrations are obtained, and can be displayed or printed out on the display of the computer 50.
[0056]
Such calculation results of components and concentrations are not shown in a collective manner like conventional COD, BOD, and TOC, but the abundance and concentration of substances A to Z can be displayed, and the calculation results can be used. Dense operation management such as control of the amount of inflow water and treatment capacity for the plant 2 becomes possible. As a result, efficient water treatment (= purification treatment) and efficient treatment can be realized by reducing energy loss.
[0057]
By using this method, the substances A to X can be identified. This can be expressed as the decomposability of the component flowing into the water treatment device. For example, if it is found that the soot-degradable substance A, the medium-degradable substance B, and the hardly-degradable substance C are contained, first, Is compared with the performance curve of the plant 2 necessary for lowering the concentration to a predetermined concentration, and conditions (flow rate of the raw water 18 and various conditions of the plant 2) are temporarily set. Secondly, an excess or deficiency is obtained by comparing with the performance curve whether the treatment is possible under the conditions set for the inlet concentration of the substance B. Set the conditions. In contrast to the performance curve for the inlet concentration of substance A, if there is no excess or deficiency, the condition is set. Third, the operating condition of the plant 2 is set by multiplying the correction coefficient for the whole organic substance concentration. According to such a condition setting, highly stable and efficient processing can be performed.
[0058]
By the way, it is effective to monitor the component of the treated water 22 which is the outflow water from the plant 2 for sudden reaction and disturbance occurring in the plant 2. Basically, since the optimization and processing performance of the process is enhanced by the operation control described above, the treated water 22 does not contain an organic substance, but the process is performed assuming that the organic substance flows out. Is effective in enhancing the safety and reliability of water treatment.
[0059]
(1) When the components contained in the raw water 18 and the components in the treated water 22 are the same and the abundance ratio is the same
The cause of this is expected to be troubles such as drifting in the plant 2 and some not functioning. In such a case, the plant 2 is stopped and an improvement process is required. However, when the raw water 18 flows in and cannot be dealt with immediately, the rotation of the raw water pump 20 is reduced to supply the raw water 18. Simultaneously with the volume reduction adjustment, the valve 28 is closed, the valve 32 is opened, the pump 26 is driven, and the treated water 22 is returned from the return line 30 to the raw water tank 16 side. If such treatment is continued, the concentration of the treated water 22 can be reduced to a specified value or less, the treatment conditions of the plant 2 are monitored, the condition setting is changed, and after setting the optimum conditions, the treated water 22 is discharged into the drainage line. Release from 24.
[0060]
(2) When a part of the component group contained in the raw water 18 appears in the treated water 22
This is because it is expected that conditions necessary for processing unprocessed components are not set, and the setting conditions may be changed. During the period required to change the conditions, the supply of raw water 18 is best stopped. However, the supply of raw water 18 is reduced and treated water 22 is returned to raw water 18 for circulation operation or leakage to the downstream side. In order to prevent this, it is transferred to another storage tank (not shown).
[0061]
(3) When a component group not included in the raw water 18 exists in the treated water 22
If the plant 2 is a decomposition apparatus, this means that the decomposition process is insufficient and the process is in an intermediate stage, and it is necessary to review the processing conditions. In this case, during the change period, the supply of the raw water 18 is best stopped, but the supply of the raw water 18 is reduced and the treated water 22 is returned to the raw water 18 side for circulation operation or leakage to the downstream side. In order to prevent this, it is transferred to another storage tank (not shown).
[0062]
If the plant 2 is an adsorption device, it is assumed that a decomposition reaction due to a chemical reaction or a microbial reaction occurs in the adsorbent. In this case, the operation of the plant 2 may be stopped immediately and the adsorbent may be replaced or regenerated.
[0063]
In this way, since the components contained in the raw water 18 flowing into the plant 2 and the treated water 22 flowing out from the plant 2 are compared, information that is not included in the conventional simple concentration index is obtained, and the processing conditions are based on such information. This makes it possible to perform excellent troubleshooting, such as changing the system, and realize more stable operation. In this case, if the components flowing into the raw water 18 are known in advance, the intermediate by-products resulting from the decomposition reaction can be grasped empirically or experimentally, so it is possible to prepare parameters specific to the substance. Become.
[0064]
In addition, when the presence of an unknown component is confirmed in the raw water 18 or the like from the spectrum data measured by the sensor 46, the substance can be identified and parameters can be set using other measuring means. In general, it is rare that an intermediate by-product is generated if it is a soot-degradable or moderately degradable component. In this case, for example, it is assumed that the substance is hardly decomposable, The raw water 18 and the treated water 22 are monitored, and the operation conditions of the plant 2 may be changed according to the results.
[0065]
And the water activity of the plant 2 can utilize the metabolic activity of the microorganisms in water. Biological treatment can be broadly classified into aerobic biological treatment (activated sludge treatment) and anaerobic biological treatment. In activated sludge treatment using microorganisms, not only organic substances in water can be decomposed, but also substances containing nitrogen or phosphorus can be taken in, altered, or decomposed. For example, when applied to activated sludge, since the performance of the plant 2 for each substance is known in advance, the optimum sludge concentration (that is, substitute with MLSS or MLVSS) compared to the components and concentrations contained in the raw water 18, Residence time (that is, the contact time between the raw water 18 and sludge is determined by the relationship between the treatment tank volume of the plant 2, the raw water flow rate and the return sludge flow rate), the aeration amount (the output of the blower 14, for example, the motor of the blower 14) What is necessary is just to determine the frequency of the inverter to drive. If the residence time is determined, the supply flow rate of the raw water 18 is determined from the return sludge concentration and the water flow rate with respect to the optimum sludge concentration. In this case, the temperature and pH of the raw water 18 or the selector 4 and the aeration tanks 6 and 8 may be adjusted according to the inflow component. In addition, since the degree of biodegradability is determined from the spectrum data, the occurrence of filamentous bacteria can be predicted, and anti-bulking measures (for example, changes in operating conditions, injection of drugs, etc.) can be taken early. Further, in the latter anaerobic biological treatment, conditions such as the supply flow rate of raw water 18 and temperature, pH, ORP, etc. may be determined to adjust the treatment capacity of the plant 2.
[0066]
This plant 2 can perform water treatment similar to biological treatment using chemical decomposition treatment using an oxidizing agent and a catalyst. For example, in the case of catalytic oxidation treatment, since the decomposition performance of the plant 2 with respect to each substance is known in advance, the flow rate is determined from the optimum residence time compared to the components and concentrations contained in the raw water 18, and the accompanying various Conditions (for example, addition of chemicals for pH and ORP control, addition of oxidation accelerator, control of temperature) may be adjusted. Further, if a plurality of or several types of plants 2 capable of catalytic oxidation treatment are installed, it is possible to select and pass the optimum catalyst tower according to the components contained in the raw water 18. Of course, it is also possible to set an optimal processing order and perform processing by passing water in that order.
[0067]
In the water treatment of the plant 2, treatments such as evaporation separation and combustion decomposition may be applied by applying physical force such as heat and pressure. For example, in evaporative separation, the temperature and pressure are determined for the inflowing components, so the performance of the plant 2 is checked, the inflow amount and flow rate of the raw water 18 are determined, the necessary heat and pressure are adjusted, and the processing capacity is Optimization can be achieved. In this case, the same adjustment can be made when the process for combustion decomposition is used to optimize the processing capacity.
[0068]
Further, in the water treatment of the plant 2, a decomposition treatment using ultraviolet rays or ultrasonic waves may be used. For example, in the decomposition treatment using ultraviolet rays, the inflowing component and concentration and the performance of the plant 2 are checked, the inflow amount and the flow rate of the raw water 18 are determined, and necessary chemicals (for example, chemicals for controlling pH and ORP). In this case, the output of an ultraviolet oxidizer (not shown) used for the ultraviolet oxidation treatment may be adjusted by controlling the amount of addition of the oxidation accelerator and the temperature. When an ultraviolet oxidizer having a plurality of wavelengths is provided, an optimum wavelength can be selected depending on the components contained in the raw water 18 or the processing order can be set.
[0069]
Similarly, when ultrasonic waves are used for decomposition treatment, the inflowing components and concentrations are compared with the performance of the plant 2 to determine the inflow amount and flow rate of the raw water 18, and necessary chemicals (for example, pH and ORP). It is sufficient to control the addition amount, temperature, and pressure of the chemical and the oxidation accelerator) to control the output and irradiation time of the ultrasonic irradiation apparatus used for the ultrasonic decomposition treatment. When an ultrasonic irradiation device having a plurality of frequencies is provided, it is possible to select an optimum frequency depending on the components contained in the raw water 18 and to set the processing order.
[0070]
Moreover, in the water treatment of the plant 2, activated carbon, zeolite, ion exchange resin, and various synthetic adsorbents can be used for the adsorption treatment of organic substances in the water. By comparing the performance of the plant 2 against the inflowing components, the inflow amount and flow rate of the raw water 18 can be determined, the amount of water that can be adsorbed or the usage time thereof can be predicted, Can be adjusted. In this case, the adsorbent can be replaced or regenerated based on the time information. If the treated water 22 flowing out from the plant 2 is monitored, more stable treatment can be performed. When a tower or a tank filled with a plurality of adsorbents is provided, an optimal adsorbent can be selected depending on the components contained in the raw water 18 or the processing order can be set. The adsorbent may have any shape or form such as granular, plate-like, or fiber-like.
[0071]
Moreover, in the water treatment of the plant 2, the method for measuring the water spectrum can use a UV-Vis-NIR diode array spectrophotometer or the like, for example, the above-mentioned product made by Austria S :: CAN, France -A product manufactured by SECOMAM can be used. The measured spectrum is compared with each material parameter by chemometrics calculation rules and can be statistically decomposed. Therefore, in order to accurately collate the parameters representing each substance with the data obtained by measurement and calculation, it is necessary to measure the spectrum in a wide wavelength range in order to obtain a large amount of information. Therefore, at least in the wavelength range of the ultraviolet region (UV: 200 to 350 nm), the visible light region (Vis: 350 to 750 nm), the near infrared (NIR: 750 to 2500 nm), or at multiple wavelengths. It is better to measure simultaneously. For each substance, a database covering the parameter measurement wavelength range may be prepared. Then, according to the chemometrics calculation rule, each substance and component is extracted from the water spectrum, and the existence ratio and concentration can be analyzed and displayed on the display device of the computer 50.
[0072]
And there are innumerable organic components contained in the wastewater, and it is often a mixed system. Since the raw water 18 is intended for such waste water, it may not be processed by a single processing device. Therefore, a plurality of treatment methods may be provided, and an optimal treatment method may be selected or a treatment order may be determined based on component information included in the raw water 18. That is, the plant 2 is set as a unit, a plurality of plants 2 are installed, and the processing conditions are changed and installed in series, or in parallel, or even in one plant 2, the processing water 22 is repeated under the changed processing conditions. Multi-stage processing such as processing may be performed. In these methods, it is difficult to control the plant 2 unless the components contained in the raw water 18 and the concentrations thereof are known. However, the application of the present invention enables water treatment, and the stabilization of the treatment and the efficiency. Processing can be realized, and the load on the global environment can be reduced. In order to perform this water treatment more effectively, various desalting apparatuses, solid-liquid separation apparatuses, and sterilization apparatuses may be installed on the upstream side, or chemicals may be charged. Similarly, various desalting apparatuses, solid-liquid separation apparatuses, and sterilization apparatuses may be installed on the downstream side, or chemicals may be charged.
[0073]
By the way, the operation accompanying the concentration difference due to the difference in the applied analysis method will be mentioned.
In particular, in the treatment using microorganisms, taking COD as an index, for example, the CODcr value per substance A = 1 mg / L is 1.5 mg / L, and the BOD value is 0.2 mg / L. Suppose there was. This figure shows that 1.5 mg of O (oxygen) is consumed when decomposing substance A = 1 mg in the case of decomposition using chromic acid having strong oxidizing power, but 0. Information consuming 2 mg of O (oxygen) is obtained. This information indicates that the biodegradability is remarkably low and can hardly be degraded by treatment with microorganisms. Therefore, simply and simply, the biodegradation rate of substance A is 0.2 / 1.5 * 100 = 13.3%. On the other hand, it is assumed that the CODcr value per substance B = 1 mg / L is 1.2 mg / L and the BOD value is 1.1 mg / L. This figure shows that the consumption of oxygen in the case of decomposition using chromic acid with strong oxidizing power and decomposition by microorganisms is almost the same, and it can be seen that substance B is highly biodegradable. Similarly, when expressed by a simple calculation, the biodegradation rate of substance B is 1.1 / 1.2 * 100 = 91.7%.
[0074]
When the composition of the solution to be treated is, for example, A = 0 mg / L and B = 100 mg / L, the concentration of the solution to be treated is CODcr = 120 mg / L and BOD = 110 mg / L. In this case, assuming the concentration of the outlet water of the plant 2 using microorganisms,
CODcr = 120 * (100-91.7) / 100 = 10 mg / L (6)
BOD = 110 * (100-91.7) / 100 = 9 mg / L (7)
It becomes. Therefore, if the management value of the organic substance concentration of the treated water 22 is 10 mg / L as CODcr and 9 mg / L as BOD, water can be passed at this concentration.
[0075]
If the composition of the solution to be treated is, for example, A = 60 mg / L and B = 15 mg / L, the concentration of the solution to be treated is 108 mg / L as CODcr. Since this is lower than the CODcr concentration of the above condition, the control value of the inlet concentration is met. In addition, when this is expressed in terms of BOD concentration, it is 28.5 mg / L, which is also low. Therefore, the information that the stable operation can be performed on the solution to be treated can be obtained from such an analysis method, but when operated under this condition, the expected value of the concentration of the outlet water of the plant 2 is
CODcr = 60 * 1.5 * (100-13.3) /100+15*1.2* (100-91.7) / 100 = 80 mg / L (8)
It becomes. In this case, the removal rate is about 30%, which greatly exceeds the control value of 10 mg as CODcr / L. For BOD,
BOD = 60 * 0.2 * (100-13.3) /100+15*1.1* (100-91.7) / 100 = 12 mg as BOD / L (9)
Thus, the control value is expected to exceed 9 mg / L.
[0076]
Therefore, for such an aqueous system, management of the concentration of the raw water 18 with the conventional integrated index such as COD and BOD has a problem in its processing result. Therefore, it can be understood that material information (that is, degradability of the plant 2) should be taken into consideration.
[0077]
The organic matter concentration index is COD or BOD for discharge to rivers, lakes, and oceans. In the plant 2 used for wastewater treatment, the composition of components in the treated water (raw water 18) is used for stable treatment. It is necessary to consider the decomposition rate of the plant 2 with respect to the measured concentration, and then perform water treatment while determining whether the total load is within the processing capacity range of the plant 2 is there.
[0078]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, one plant 2 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to the water treatment apparatus including one plant 2, It is more effective if information is accumulated and utilized. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, sensors 46, 48 are individually installed in a plurality of plants 201, 202,. .., 50N for processing data representing the components, concentrations, etc. detected in FIG. 5 and the host computer 54 are linked by various information network media 52 to constitute an information exchange network. Connected to the host computer 54 is a data presentation unit 62 for displaying and printing various data. In this case, the plants 201, 202,... 20N may be configured to automatically transmit the detection outputs of the sensors 46, 48 to the host computer 54 in a timely manner. In this case, necessary data and detection data may be input to the computers 501 to 50N and the host computer 54 using a data input device (not shown).
[0079]
【Example】
In the following, the embodiments of the present invention and the effects thereof will be described in detail with specific examples. However, the examples given here are examples of the embodiments of the present invention, and the following examples are used. The scope and effects of the present invention are not limited.
[0080]
This embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to an organic matter treatment apparatus, particularly an activated sludge treatment apparatus. In this case, as the water to be treated, a solution was prepared by diluting and mixing four kinds of substances such as kaolin (turbidity), potassium hydrogen phthalate, citric acid, and acetone into pure water with an appropriate composition. About this solution, using the test apparatus shown below, the water flow test was implemented in three cases of process (1)-(3), and the treated water quality was compared.
[0081]
The configuration of the test apparatus is as follows.
Capacity of the aeration tank 6: 10L
Capacity of the aeration tank 8: 10L
Capacity of sedimentation basin 10: 5L
Water flow rate (design value): 0.6 L / hr
BOD volumetric load (design value): 0.2kg-BOD / m ^Three ·Day
MLSS BOD load per day (design value): 0.08 g-BOD / kg-MLSS · day
Dissolved oxygen concentration in each tank: The air supply amount was adjusted to be 2 to 3 mg as 0 / L by actual measurement.
The extraction amount was adjusted so that the MLSS concentration in each tank was 2500 ± 50 mg / L.
Raw water quality detection means: Shimadzu Corporation spectrophotometer UV-2200 (measurement wavelength range: 200-750 nm)
[0082]
(1) Activated sludge control according to the present invention
In advance, four types of spectra of kaolin (turbidity), potassium hydrogen phthalate, citric acid, and acetone were measured at 200 to 750 nm, respectively, to create unit spectrum data. Using these spectral data, the spectral data of treated water is
S = a * X + b * Y + c * Z + d * ξ (10)
It is. However, in equation (10):
X: Unit spectrum of kaolin (turbidity)
Y: Unit spectrum of potassium hydrogen phthalate nitrate
Z: Unit spectrum of citric acid
ξ: Acetone unit spectrum
a, b, c, d: Presence ratio of each component
It is. The wavelength to which the chemometrics calculation rule is applied is 210 nm, 254 nm, 262 nm, 279 nm, and 660 nm at five positions,
Sn = aXn + bYn + cZn + dξn (11)
It was assumed that Where n is the wavelength position.
[0083]
The regression calculation was performed on the mathematical expressions at these five wavelength positions according to the chemometrics calculation rule composed of the PCA / PLS method to obtain the coefficients a, b, c, and d, and the concentration of each component was calculated. This measurement and calculation were performed once per hour.
[0084]
In addition, a database of substances is separately searched for each inflow substance, and the value of BODk / ThODk (where k is each substance) is examined, and the concentration of each substance determined by the chemometrics calculation rule is immediately calculated in BODk. Prepared an environment that can be converted. At this time, the raw water concentration is
BODt = BOD1 + BOD2 + BOD3 + BOD4 + BOD5 (12)
Can be expressed as
[0085]
The raw water flow rate and the amount of drawn sludge were adjusted once an hour so that the values of the BOD volume load and MLSS per day BOD load were the designed values with respect to the raw water concentration BODt determined by such an operation. On the other hand, in order to grasp the treatment effect, the CODcr concentration of the treated water 22 was manually analyzed based on the JIS method. Test (1) shown in FIG. 8 represents changes in the quality of treated water when such operation is continued for 3 months.
[0086]
(2) Control using hand analysis CODcr value
The CODcr of the raw water 18 is measured once a day, and the BOD concentration is calculated by using the BOD / CODcr measurement value measured at a certain point in time in advance. Thus, the raw water flow rate and the amount of drawn sludge were adjusted once a day. In order to grasp this treatment effect, the CODcr concentration of the treated water 22 was manually analyzed based on the JIS method. Test (2) shown in FIG. 8 represents the change in treated water quality when such operation is continued for three months.
[0087]
(3) Water flow treatment under preset operating conditions
Adjust the dissolved oxygen in the aeration tanks 6 and 8 to the specified 2-3 mg as 0 / L, adjust the sludge extraction amount so that the MLSS concentration is constant, and keep the other conditions in the preset condition Then, water flow treatment was performed. In order to grasp this treatment effect, the CODcr concentration of the treated water 22 was manually analyzed based on the JIS method. Test (3) shown in FIG. 8 represents changes in the quality of treated water when such operation is continued for 3 months.
[0088]
As is clear from these examples, in the test (1) using the water treatment apparatus and the water treatment method according to the present invention, the quality of the treated water is higher than in the other tests (2) and (3). stable. In the example of test (2), the treated water quality is more unstable than in test (3). Therefore, according to the present invention, the time required from the measurement of the spectrum data to the conversion of the concentration is short, rapid and continuous control is possible, and furthermore, the composition of each substance concentration is clarified. BOD, which is an index, can be accurately displayed, and optimal operation management can be performed, so that excellent water treatment can be realized.
[0089]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
a It is possible to reduce the energy loss required for the treatment as well as to stabilize the adsorption treatment or decomposition treatment of organic matter in water, and to realize economical and highly reliable water treatment.
b. Operation management of a water treatment apparatus that targets organic substances in water can be performed simply, stably and efficiently.
c If processing capacity for each substance for each treatment means is obtained, it can cope with changes in the existing composition in raw water that could not be realized by the conventional integrated management index such as COD, BOD, and TOC. Proactive control that can respond immediately to changes from market-type control can be realized, dangers such as leakage of organic substances can be prevented, efficient operation (energy saving) becomes possible, and it can contribute to environmental conservation.
d In particular, water content substances and their concentrations are measured, and the amount and capacity of inflow water to the treatment means are controlled according to the measured values. In addition to avoiding the processing depending on the conventional safety factor, the processing time can be shortened and the energy required for the processing can be reduced. Equipment costs and processing costs can be reduced, such as reductions and power costs for water pumps and blowers.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a water treatment system according to an embodiment of a water treatment apparatus, a water treatment method and a water treatment program of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a computer.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of a water treatment method and a water treatment program.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing wastewater treatment control.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a spectrum of water to be measured in an example of a method for decomposing and synthesizing a water spectrum using a chemometrics calculation rule.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a spectrum unique to each component in an example of a method for decomposing and synthesizing a water spectrum using a chemometrics calculation rule.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a water treatment system according to another embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing changes in the quality of treated water in Examples.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Plant (processing means)
4 Selector
6 First aeration tank
8 Second aeration tank
10 Sedimentation pond
46, 48 sensor (measuring means)
50 Computer (control means)
54 Host computer (control means)

Claims (12)

A processing means comprising an aeration tank for inflowing water to be treated, supplying air to the water and subjecting the inflowing water to aeration treatment, adsorbing or decomposing organic matter, and processing capacity being controlled by the supply amount of the air When,
A first measurement means for measuring an absorbance spectrum or an emission spectrum of water before treatment by the treatment means at a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm;
A second measuring means for measuring an absorbance spectrum or an emission spectrum of water after the treatment by the treatment means at a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm;
Each measured value obtained by the first measuring unit and the second measuring unit is an addition formula of a product of a unique unit spectrum for each of the water-containing components and an existence coefficient for each of the water-containing components. regression calculation with determining the presence coefficients for each of the containing component by applying a calculates the containing component and the concentration of the water using the present factor, based on the calculation result in the influent water to said processing means If it is necessary to adjust the flow rate, adjust the flow rate if adjustment is necessary, and if the flow rate adjustment is not required, adjust the treatment capacity of the processing means. A control means for adjusting the processing capacity if adjustment of the processing capacity is necessary, and shifting to waste water treatment if the adjustment of the processing capacity is not required,
A water treatment apparatus comprising:   The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls a processing time in the processing unit based on the calculation result.   The control means compares the measured values of water before and after the treatment when shifting to the wastewater treatment, and when the component not included in the influent water is present in the component of the effluent water, The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein reprocessing is performed by returning to the inflow water side of the treatment means.   The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the treatment means biodegrades the organic matter.   The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the treatment means is based on chemical decomposition using one or both of an oxidizing agent and a catalyst.   The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the treatment means is one that performs evaporative separation or combustion decomposition using either one or both of heat and pressure.   The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the treatment means is decomposed by one or both of ultraviolet rays and ultrasonic waves.   The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the treatment means includes adsorption means filled with a granular, plate-like, or fibrous adsorption material.   2. The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the measuring means analyzes by absorption or luminescence, and uses a UV-Vis-NIR diode array spectrophotometer.   The processing means for adsorbing or decomposing organic substances is installed in the same tank as different processing means different from the processing means, or the processing means is arranged in series or in parallel with the different processing means. The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1. Injecting water to be treated, supplying air to the water to perform aeration treatment, and processing to adsorb or decompose organic matter in the inflow water;
A first measurement process for measuring an absorbance spectrum or an emission spectrum of water before treatment at a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm;
A second measurement process for measuring an absorbance spectrum or an emission spectrum of water after treatment at a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm;
Each measured value obtained by the first measuring unit and the second measuring unit is an addition formula of a product of a unique unit spectrum for each of the water-containing components and an existence coefficient for each of the water-containing components. regression calculation with determining the presence coefficients for each of the containing component by applying a process of calculating the containing component and the concentration of the water using the existing coefficients,
Based on the calculation result, it is determined whether or not the adjustment of the amount of flowing water is necessary.If the adjustment of the amount of flowing water is necessary, the amount of flowing water is adjusted, and if the amount of flowing water is not necessary, Judge whether it is necessary to adjust the processing capacity of the organic matter adsorption process or decomposition process. If the processing capacity needs to be adjusted, adjust the processing capacity. , Processing to shift to wastewater treatment,
A water treatment method comprising: A water treatment program executed by a computer,
A function of adjusting the processing capacity according to the supply amount of the air, inflowing water to be treated, supplying air to the water to perform aeration, adsorbing or decomposing organic matter in the inflowing water,
A first measurement function for executing a process of measuring an absorbance spectrum or an emission spectrum of water before treatment at a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm;
A second measurement function for performing a process of measuring the absorbance spectrum or emission spectrum of water after the treatment at a continuous wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 200 to 2500 nm;
Each measured value obtained by the first measuring unit and the second measuring unit is an addition formula of a product of a unique unit spectrum for each of the water-containing components and an existence coefficient for each of the water-containing components. regression calculation with determining the presence coefficients for each of the containing component by applying a function for calculating the containing component and the concentration of the water using the existing coefficients,
Based on the calculation result, it is determined whether or not the adjustment of the amount of flowing water is necessary.If the adjustment of the amount of flowing water is necessary, the amount of flowing water is adjusted, and if the amount of flowing water is not necessary, Judge whether it is necessary to adjust the processing capacity of the organic matter adsorption process or decomposition process. If the processing capacity needs to be adjusted, adjust the processing capacity. , The function to shift to wastewater treatment,
A water treatment program characterized by causing the computer to execute.

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