JP4651606B2 - Multi-stage flash water generator - Google Patents

Multi-stage flash water generator Download PDF

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JP4651606B2
JP4651606B2 JP2006325079A JP2006325079A JP4651606B2 JP 4651606 B2 JP4651606 B2 JP 4651606B2 JP 2006325079 A JP2006325079 A JP 2006325079A JP 2006325079 A JP2006325079 A JP 2006325079A JP 4651606 B2 JP4651606 B2 JP 4651606B2
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projecting
fresh water
water generator
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partition wall
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JP2008136923A (en
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雄一郎 木村
裕之 大塚
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Hitachi Zosen Corp
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Description

本発明は、多段フラッシュ式造水装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a multistage flash type fresh water generator.

多段フラッシュ式造水装置は、容器内に複数の蒸発室（ステージともいう）が多段に（直列に）形成され、そしてこれら各蒸発室においては、順次、海水（以下、ブラインともいう）のフラッシュ蒸発（減圧蒸発）が行われるとともに各蒸発室にて蒸発した蒸気を冷却することにより、海水から清水を得るようにしたものである。   In a multistage flash type fresh water generator, a plurality of evaporation chambers (also referred to as stages) are formed in a multistage (in series) in a container, and in each of these evaporation chambers, seawater (hereinafter also referred to as brine) is sequentially flashed. Evaporation (reduced pressure evaporation) is performed and the vapor evaporated in each evaporation chamber is cooled to obtain fresh water from seawater.

すなわち、この多段フラッシュ式造水装置は、図６に示すように、容器５１内に、所定間隔置きに設けられた仕切壁５２により、複数個の蒸発室５３が、順次、多段に配置されるとともに、各蒸発室５３内に、ブラインａのフラッシュ蒸発により得られた蒸気（水蒸気）ｂを導き冷却することにより清水を得るための熱交換器５４が配置されたもので、また仕切壁５２の下部には、ブラインａが移動するための連通用開口部５５が形成されるとともに、この連通用開口部５５の開口高さを調節し得る可動堰５６が設けられている。   That is, as shown in FIG. 6, this multi-stage flash type fresh water generator has a plurality of evaporating chambers 53 arranged in a multi-stage sequentially in a container 51 by partition walls 52 provided at predetermined intervals. In addition, a heat exchanger 54 for obtaining fresh water by introducing and cooling the steam (water vapor) b obtained by flash evaporation of the brine a is disposed in each evaporation chamber 53, and In the lower part, a communication opening 55 for moving the brine a is formed, and a movable weir 56 capable of adjusting the opening height of the communication opening 55 is provided.

そして、さらに各蒸発室５３内の蒸気ｂを熱交換器５４に導入する蒸気導入通路５７の途中には、ブラインのミスト分を除去（捕捉）するデミスター５８が設けられるとともに、上流側の仕切壁５２（５２Ａ）の連通用開口部５５の直ぐ上方には、フラッシュ蒸発した際のミスト分がデミスター５８に飛散するのを防止するために下流側に向かってスプラッシュプレート５９が突設されていた（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特開２００１−９６２号公報 Further, a demister 58 for removing (capturing) the mist content of the brine is provided in the middle of the steam introduction passage 57 for introducing the steam b in each evaporation chamber 53 to the heat exchanger 54, and an upstream partition wall A splash plate 59 protrudes toward the downstream side to prevent the mist from flash evaporation from splashing on the demister 58 immediately above the communication opening 55 of 52 (52A) ( For example, see Patent Document 1).
JP 2001-962 A

ところで、連通用開口部５５の直ぐ上方にスプラッシュプレート５９が突出して設けられているため、当該蒸発室５３内に移動してきたブラインａのフラッシュ蒸発を妨げるという問題があった。   Incidentally, since the splash plate 59 is provided so as to protrude immediately above the communication opening 55, there is a problem that the flash evaporation of the brine a that has moved into the evaporation chamber 53 is prevented.

そこで、本発明は、ブラインのフラッシュ蒸発をできるだけ妨げない構成の多段フラッシュ式造水装置を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage flash type water making apparatus having a configuration that does not hinder the flash evaporation of brine as much as possible.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明の請求項１に係る多段フラッシュ式造水装置は、容器内に仕切壁を介して海水の蒸発室が多段に形成されるとともに、これら各蒸発室内の上部にフラッシュ蒸発された蒸気を導き冷却を行う熱交換器が配置されてなる多段フラッシュ式造水装置において、
各仕切壁の下部を海水流路方向における下流側に突出させてその仕切壁の上流側蒸発室に連通する凹状空間部を形成するとともに、この凹状空間部を形成する突出壁部の先端部に海水の連通用開口部を形成し、且つこの連通用開口部にその高さを調節し得る可動堰を設け、
さらに上記突出壁部を、フラッシュ蒸発された蒸気を熱交換器に導くとともにデミスターを有する少なくとも当該熱交換器における海水流路方向の上流側の蒸気導入通路の下面に対応する位置に配置して、その先端部に形成された連通用開口部を熱交換器の下方に位置するようにしたものである。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the multistage flash type water freshener according to claim 1 of the present invention has seawater evaporation chambers formed in multiple stages in the container via partition walls, and is formed in the upper part of each of these evaporation chambers. In the multi-stage flash type fresh water generating apparatus in which a heat exchanger for guiding and cooling the flash evaporated steam is arranged,
The lower part of each partition wall is projected downstream in the seawater flow path direction to form a concave space portion communicating with the upstream evaporation chamber of the partition wall, and at the tip of the projecting wall portion forming this concave space portion Forming a seawater communication opening, and providing a movable weir capable of adjusting the height of the communication opening,
Further, the projecting wall portion is disposed at a position corresponding to the lower surface of the steam introduction passage on the upstream side in the seawater flow path direction in the heat exchanger having at least the demister while guiding the flash-vaporized steam to the heat exchanger, The communication opening formed at the tip is positioned below the heat exchanger.

また、請求項２に係る多段フラッシュ式造水装置は、請求項１に記載の造水装置における突出壁部を、仕切壁から水平方向に突設された水平突出部と、この水平突出部の先端から下方に垂下された鉛直部とから構成したものである。   Moreover, the multistage flash-type fresh water generator according to claim 2 includes: a protruding wall portion in the fresh water generator according to claim 1; a horizontal protruding portion protruding in a horizontal direction from the partition wall; and the horizontal protruding portion of the horizontal protruding portion. It is comprised from the vertical part hanging down from the front-end | tip.

また、請求項３に係る多段フラッシュ式造水装置は、請求項１に記載の造水装置における突出壁部を、仕切壁から斜め方向に突設された傾斜突出部と、この傾斜突出部の先端から下方に垂下された鉛直部とから構成したものである。   Moreover, the multistage flash-type fresh water generator according to claim 3 includes a protruding wall portion in the fresh water generator according to claim 1, an inclined protruding portion protruding obliquely from the partition wall, and the inclined protruding portion. It is comprised from the vertical part hanging down from the front-end | tip.

また、請求項４に係る多段フラッシュ式造水装置は、請求項１に記載の造水装置における突出壁部を、仕切壁から斜め下方に突設したものである。
さらに、請求項５に係る多段フラッシュ式造水装置は、請求項１に記載の造水装置における突出壁部を仕切壁から斜め下方に突設するとともに、蒸発室の底壁部の海水流路方向における断面形状を、突出壁部の先端に対応する部分が外側に凹むようにされた逆台形状に形成したものである。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-stage flash type fresh water generator in which the projecting wall portion of the fresh water generator according to the first aspect projects obliquely downward from the partition wall.
Furthermore, the multistage flash type fresh water generator according to claim 5 is configured such that the protruding wall portion in the fresh water generator according to claim 1 protrudes obliquely downward from the partition wall, and the seawater flow path in the bottom wall portion of the evaporation chamber The cross-sectional shape in the direction is formed in an inverted trapezoidal shape in which a portion corresponding to the tip of the protruding wall portion is recessed outward.

上記多段フラッシュ式造水装置の構成によると、上流側の仕切壁の下部に下流側の蒸発室側に突出する突出壁部を設けて凹状空間部を形成するとともに、この突出壁部の先端部に海水の連通用開口部を形成したので、すなわち海水のフラッシュ蒸発する位置が、デミスターが設けられた蒸気導入通路ではなく熱交換器の下方であるため、従来のように、スプラッシュプレートを設置する必要がなく、したがって海水のフラッシュ蒸発が妨げられることがなく、しかも各蒸発室での蒸発面積には増減がないので、蒸発効率の改善を図ることができる。   According to the configuration of the multistage flash type fresh water generator, a protruding wall portion protruding toward the downstream evaporation chamber side is provided at the lower portion of the upstream partition wall to form a concave space portion, and the tip portion of the protruding wall portion Since the seawater communication opening is formed in the seawater, that is, the position where the seawater flashes and evaporates is not in the steam introduction passage where the demister is provided, but under the heat exchanger. There is no need, and therefore, flash evaporation of seawater is not hindered, and the evaporation area in each evaporation chamber does not increase or decrease, so that evaporation efficiency can be improved.

［実施の形態］
以下、本発明の実施の形態に係る多段フラッシュ式造水装置を図面に基づき説明する。
この多段フラッシュ式造水装置は、図１および図２に示すように、所定長さで且つ例えば横断面形状が矩形状の容器１内に、所定間隔置きに設けられた仕切壁２により、複数個の蒸発室３が、順次、多段に（直列に）配置されるとともに、各蒸発室３内に、海水（以下、ブラインともいう）ａのフラッシュ蒸発（減圧蒸発）により得られた蒸気（水蒸気）ｂを導き冷却することにより清水を得るための熱交換器４が配置されたもので、また各蒸発室３においては、蒸気ｂを熱交換器４の前後（海水の流路方向の上流側および下流側）でそれぞれ導入する蒸気導入通路５（５Ａ，５Ｂ）の途中にブラインａのミスト分を除去（捕捉）するためのミスト除去器であるデミスター６が設けられており、さらに各蒸発室３における上流側の仕切壁２（２Ａ）の下部が下流側に突出されて、この仕切壁２の上流側の蒸発室３に連通する凹状空間部７がそれぞれ形成されるとともに、この凹状空間部７を形成する突出壁部８が上流側の蒸気導入通路５（５Ａ）の下方に位置されて（すなわち、蒸気導入通路の入口側を覆うように）、その上方に配置されたデミスター６にブラインａのミスト分が飛散しないように考慮されている。 [Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a multistage flash type fresh water generator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this multi-stage flash type fresh water generator includes a plurality of partition walls 2 provided at predetermined intervals in a container 1 having a predetermined length and a rectangular cross section, for example. The evaporation chambers 3 are sequentially arranged in multiple stages (in series), and steam (water vapor) obtained by flash evaporation (vacuum evaporation) of seawater (hereinafter also referred to as brine) a is provided in each evaporation chamber 3. ) The heat exchanger 4 for obtaining fresh water by introducing b and cooling is arranged, and in each evaporation chamber 3, the steam b is placed before and after the heat exchanger 4 (upstream in the flow direction of seawater). And demister 6 which is a mist remover for removing (capturing) the mist of brine a is provided in the middle of the steam introduction passages 5 (5A, 5B) respectively introduced on the downstream side) 3 on the upstream side partition wall 2 ( The lower part of A) protrudes downstream, and a concave space portion 7 communicating with the evaporation chamber 3 on the upstream side of the partition wall 2 is formed, and a protruding wall portion 8 forming the concave space portion 7 is formed. Positioned below the upstream steam introduction passage 5 (5A) (that is, so as to cover the inlet side of the steam introduction passage) so that the mist of the brine a does not scatter to the demister 6 disposed above it. Has been taken into account.

すなわち、上記突出壁部８は、仕切壁２から水平方向に突設された水平突出部１１と、この水平突出部１１の先端から下方に垂下された鉛直部１２とからなる断面Ｌ字形状に形成されており、そして上記鉛直部１２の下端に、ブラインを移動させる（流す）ための連通用開口部９が形成されるととも、この連通用開口部９には、その開口高さを調節し得る可動堰１０が設けられている。つまり、連通用開口部９が熱交換器４の下方に位置するように構成されている。   That is, the protruding wall portion 8 has an L-shaped cross section including a horizontal protruding portion 11 protruding in a horizontal direction from the partition wall 2 and a vertical portion 12 hanging downward from the tip of the horizontal protruding portion 11. A communication opening 9 for moving (flowing) brine is formed at the lower end of the vertical portion 12 and the opening height of the communication opening 9 is adjusted. A movable weir 10 is provided. That is, the communication opening 9 is configured to be positioned below the heat exchanger 4.

上記構成において、加熱されたブラインａは仕切壁２の下部に設けられた凹状空間部７および連通用開口部（正確には、可動堰と容器の底壁部１ａとの間の開口を介して）ａを介して各蒸発室３内を順次移動される。   In the above configuration, the heated brine a is passed through a concave space 7 provided in the lower part of the partition wall 2 and a communication opening (more precisely, through an opening between the movable weir and the bottom wall 1a of the container. ) It is sequentially moved in each evaporation chamber 3 through a.

ブラインａが蒸発室３を順次移動する場合、上流側蒸発室３の凹状空間部７に入った後、連通用開口部９から減圧された下流側蒸発室３に入ったときに、フラッシュ蒸発が行われることになる。   When the brine a sequentially moves through the evaporation chamber 3, flash evaporation occurs when entering the recessed space portion 7 of the upstream evaporation chamber 3 and then entering the downstream evaporation chamber 3 decompressed from the communication opening 9. Will be done.

すなわち、ブラインはフラッシュ蒸発により急激に膨張して、上流側および下流側の蒸気導入通路５（５Ａ，５Ｂ）から熱交換器４に導かれ、温度が低いブラインにより冷却が行われて清水が得られる。勿論、ブラインのミスト分は、デミスター６にて除去される。   That is, the brine rapidly expands by flash evaporation and is led to the heat exchanger 4 from the upstream and downstream steam introduction passages 5 (5A, 5B), and is cooled by the brine having a low temperature to obtain fresh water. It is done. Of course, the mist of the brine is removed by the demister 6.

このように、ブラインａが蒸発室３に入った位置は、凹状空間部７を出たところである。言い換えれば、熱交換器４の下方であり、蒸気導入通路５（５Ａ）から外れた位置であり、従来のようなスプラッシュプレートが存在しない空間部である。したがって、フラッシュ蒸発して体積が急激に膨張しても支障がなく、すなわち蒸発が抑制されることがなく、しかも蒸発室３内での蒸発面積については、下流側の仕切壁２においては当該蒸発室３に連通する凹状空間部７が存在しているため、上流側で蒸発室３内に入り込んだ凹状空間部７が下流側に設けられることになり、その増減がなく、したがって蒸発効率を向上させることができる。   Thus, the position where the brine a has entered the evaporation chamber 3 is where it has left the concave space 7. In other words, it is a position below the heat exchanger 4 and away from the steam introduction passage 5 (5A), and is a space where there is no conventional splash plate. Therefore, there is no problem even if the volume is rapidly expanded by flash evaporation, that is, the evaporation is not suppressed, and the evaporation area in the evaporation chamber 3 is not evaporated in the partition wall 2 on the downstream side. Since the concave space portion 7 communicating with the chamber 3 exists, the concave space portion 7 that has entered the evaporation chamber 3 on the upstream side is provided on the downstream side, and there is no increase / decrease thereof, thus improving the evaporation efficiency. Can be made.

ところで、上記実施の形態においては、突出壁部８の水平突出部１１を水平方向に突設させて熱交換器４の底面と平行になるようにしたが、図３に示すように、図２の突出壁部８の水平突出部１１を斜め下方に突設した傾斜突出部２１にすることにより、当該傾斜突出部２１と熱交換器４の底壁面との間隔（スロート部ともいう）ｃを広くするようにしてもよい。なお、図２の水平突出部１１の仕切壁２における突出位置ｄをそのままにして、水平突出部を下方に傾斜させれば、図２における水平突出部と熱交換器との間隔ｅよりも、必ず、熱交換器４の角部ｆと水平突出部を傾斜させてなる傾斜突出部２１との間隔ｃの方が広くなる。   By the way, in the said embodiment, although the horizontal protrusion part 11 of the protrusion wall part 8 protruded in the horizontal direction so that it might become parallel to the bottom face of the heat exchanger 4, as shown in FIG. The horizontal protrusion 11 of the protrusion wall 8 is an inclined protrusion 21 that protrudes obliquely downward, whereby the distance c (also referred to as the throat portion) c between the inclined protrusion 21 and the bottom wall surface of the heat exchanger 4 is set. You may make it wide. In addition, if the horizontal protrusion is inclined downward with the protrusion position d on the partition wall 2 of the horizontal protrusion 11 in FIG. 2 as it is, the distance e between the horizontal protrusion and the heat exchanger in FIG. The interval c between the corner portion f of the heat exchanger 4 and the inclined protrusion portion 21 formed by inclining the horizontal protrusion portion is necessarily wider.

また、上記実施の形態においては、突出壁部８の先端に鉛直部１２を設けたが、図４に示すように、突出壁部８として、水平突出部を長くし且つ傾斜させてなる傾斜突出部３１を設けるとともにこの先端に可動堰１０を設けるようにしてもよい。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the vertical part 12 was provided in the front-end | tip of the protrusion wall part 8, as shown in FIG. 4, the inclination protrusion which makes a horizontal protrusion part long and inclines as the protrusion wall part 8. As shown in FIG. While providing the part 31, you may make it provide the movable weir 10 in this front-end | tip.

さらに、図４に示した突出壁部８において、ブラインａの流れをスムーズにするために、図５に示すように、連通用開口部９つまり可動堰１０に対応する容器１の底壁部１ａを、ブラインａの流路方向（海水流路方向）において逆台形状にして、ブラインａが移動し得る開口面積を広くするようにしてもよい。すなわち、この部分の底壁部１ａには、上流側から下流側に向かって配置された、下向き傾斜部４１、連通用開口部９に設けられた可動堰１０に対応する水平部４２および熱交換器４に対応する上向き傾斜部４３により、可動堰１０に沿って溝部ｇが形成されている。   Further, in the protruding wall portion 8 shown in FIG. 4, in order to make the flow of the brine a smooth, as shown in FIG. 5, the bottom wall portion 1 a of the container 1 corresponding to the communication opening 9, that is, the movable weir 10. May be formed in an inverted trapezoidal shape in the flow path direction of the brine a (seawater flow path direction) to widen the opening area through which the brine a can move. That is, the bottom wall portion 1a of this portion has a downward inclined portion 41, a horizontal portion 42 corresponding to the movable weir 10 provided in the communication opening 9, and heat exchange, which are arranged from the upstream side toward the downstream side. A groove portion g is formed along the movable weir 10 by the upward inclined portion 43 corresponding to the vessel 4.

本発明の実施の形態に係る多段フラッシュ式造水装置の要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing of the multistage flash | flush type fresh water generator concerning embodiment of this invention. 同多段フラッシュ式造水装置の蒸発室に設けられた突出壁部の拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view of the protrusion wall part provided in the evaporation chamber of the same multistage flush type fresh water generator. 同突出壁部の変形例を示す拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view which shows the modification of the protrusion wall part. 同突出壁部の他の変形例を示す拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view which shows the other modification of the protrusion wall part. 同突出壁部のさらに他の変形例を示す拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view showing other modifications of the projection wall part. 従来例に係る多段フラッシュ式造水装置の要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing of the multistage flash | flush type fresh water generator concerning a prior art example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 容器
２ 仕切壁
３ 蒸発室
４ 熱交換器
５ 蒸気導入通路
６ デミスター
７ 凹状空間部
８ 突出壁部
９ 連通用開口部
１０ 可動堰
１１ 水平突出部
１２ 鉛直部
２１ 傾斜突出部
２２ 鉛直部
３１ 傾斜突出部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Container 2 Partition wall 3 Evaporating chamber 4 Heat exchanger 5 Steam introduction path 6 Demister 7 Concave space part 8 Protruding wall part 9 Opening part 10 Movable weir 11 Horizontal protrusion part 12 Vertical part 21 Inclination protrusion part 22 Vertical part 31 Inclination Protrusion

Claims (5)

容器内に仕切壁を介して海水の蒸発室が多段に形成されるとともに、これら各蒸発室内の上部にフラッシュ蒸発された蒸気を導き冷却を行う熱交換器が配置されてなる多段フラッシュ式造水装置において、
各仕切壁の下部を海水流路方向における下流側に突出させてその仕切壁の上流側蒸発室に連通する凹状空間部を形成するとともに、この凹状空間部を形成する突出壁部の先端部に海水の連通用開口部を形成し、且つこの連通用開口部にその高さを調節し得る可動堰を設け、
さらに上記突出壁部を、フラッシュ蒸発された蒸気を熱交換器に導くとともにデミスターを有する少なくとも当該熱交換器における海水流路方向の上流側の蒸気導入通路の下面に対応する位置に配置して、その先端部に形成された連通用開口部を熱交換器の下方に位置するようにしたことを特徴とする多段フラッシュ式造水装置。 Multi-stage flash type fresh water generation in which evaporation chambers of seawater are formed in multiple stages in the container via partition walls, and heat exchangers for guiding and cooling the flash-evaporated steam are arranged in the upper parts of these evaporation chambers. In the device
The lower part of each partition wall is projected downstream in the seawater flow path direction to form a concave space portion communicating with the upstream evaporation chamber of the partition wall, and at the tip of the projecting wall portion forming this concave space portion Forming a seawater communication opening, and providing a movable weir capable of adjusting the height of the communication opening,
Further, the projecting wall portion is disposed at a position corresponding to the lower surface of the steam introduction passage on the upstream side in the seawater flow path direction in the heat exchanger having at least the demister while guiding the flash-vaporized steam to the heat exchanger, A multi-stage flash type fresh water generator characterized in that a communication opening formed at the tip is positioned below the heat exchanger. 突出壁部を、仕切壁から水平方向に突設された水平突出部と、この水平突出部の先端から下方に垂下された鉛直部とから構成したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の多段フラッシュ式造水装置。   The multi-stage according to claim 1, wherein the projecting wall portion is composed of a horizontal projecting portion projecting horizontally from the partition wall and a vertical portion hanging downward from the tip of the horizontal projecting portion. Flash type fresh water generator. 突出壁部を、仕切壁から斜め方向に突設された傾斜突出部と、この傾斜突出部の先端から下方に垂下された鉛直部とから構成したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の多段フラッシュ式造水装置。   2. The multi-stage according to claim 1, wherein the projecting wall portion is composed of an inclined projecting portion projecting obliquely from the partition wall and a vertical portion hanging downward from the tip of the tilted projecting portion. Flash type fresh water generator. 突出壁部を仕切壁から斜め下方に突設したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の多段フラッシュ式造水装置。   The multi-stage flash type fresh water generator according to claim 1, wherein the protruding wall portion protrudes obliquely downward from the partition wall. 突出壁部を仕切壁から斜め下方に突設するとともに、蒸発室の底壁部の海水流路方向における断面形状を、突出壁部の先端に対応する部分が外側に凹むようにされた逆台形状に形成したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の多段フラッシュ式造水装置。   A projecting wall portion projecting obliquely downward from the partition wall, and the cross-sectional shape of the bottom wall portion of the evaporation chamber in the direction of the seawater flow path is such that the portion corresponding to the tip of the projecting wall portion is recessed outward. The multistage flash type fresh water generator according to claim 1, wherein the multistage flash water generator is formed in a shape.
JP2006325079A 2006-12-01 2006-12-01 Multi-stage flash water generator Expired - Fee Related JP4651606B2 (en)

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JP5388799B2 (en) * 2009-10-30 2014-01-15 日立造船株式会社 Multi-stage flash water generator
JP5508885B2 (en) * 2010-02-09 2014-06-04 日立造船株式会社 Multistage flush water generator

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WO2016082430A1 (en) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 浙江大学 Plate-type multi-stage flash distillation apparatus for desulfurization wastewater treatment and recovery and method therefor

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