JP4648150B2 - Grating pattern - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a diffraction grating pattern, and more particularly to a diffraction grating pattern that can exhibit a unique glossy feeling by changing the diffraction structure of the pattern formed by the diffraction grating.

Holograms, diffraction gratings, and the like are capable of expressing unique decorative images and stereoscopic images, and require sophisticated techniques for manufacturing, and are therefore used as special printed materials and forgery prevention means.
In the field of special printed materials used to enhance design properties, they are used by being attached to relatively expensive commodity packaging materials, pamphlets, POPs, book covers, and the like.
The fields used as anti-counterfeiting means are, for example, affixed to cards such as credit cards and ID cards, cash vouchers such as gift certificates, checks, bills, stock certificates, admission tickets, various certificates, etc. Used.
Also,
As means for attaching these holograms and diffraction gratings to an object, there are means for attaching them by thermal transfer and means for attaching them as labels.
The thermal transfer method is used for a long time and is often used for the above-mentioned cards and cash vouchers having a flat sticking surface, and the label method is used when the object to be stuck does not have a flat surface. The

As a technology for special printed matter used to improve the design of the medium described above, a technology that improves the design by using a plurality of transfer foils with different diffraction directions and transferring them multiple times "Information recording with optical diffraction structure" A medium, a card, and an optical diffraction structure ”are disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 has a drawback that the transfer has to be repeated a plurality of times, which increases the cost. In order to solve this disadvantage, the relief hologram or the diffraction grating is formed with a plurality of fine dots. There has been provided an “image display medium and a method for manufacturing the same” that expresses a unique decorative effect such as a lame effect in synergy with a colored layer such as an image or pattern on the medium by transferring (for example, a patent) Reference 2).

JP 2001-315472 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-101834

  As described above, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 synergizes with a colored layer such as an image or a pattern on a medium by transferring a relief hologram or a diffraction grating with a plurality of fine dots, thereby producing a lame effect. However, it is necessary to synchronize with the printed matter.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 of the diffraction grating design of the present invention divides the design expressed in two dimensions into fine parts, and the information of the divided design is information by the light diffraction structure. The diffraction pitch of the diffraction grating is replaced by the diffraction pitch of adjacent diffraction gratings, but the rate of change is non-linear and varies depending on the direction.

The diffraction grating pattern of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a diffraction grating pattern that divides the symbols expressed by two-dimensionally in the fine portion, replacing the information of the divided symbols to the information by the optical diffraction structure The diffraction angles and diffraction pitches of adjacent diffraction grating patterns change continuously, but the rate of change is non-linear and varies depending on the direction.

The invention according to claim 3 is a diffraction grating pattern medium displaying the diffraction grating pattern according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the medium is any one of a printed matter, a card, and a label. To do.

1) A diffraction grating design in which a two-dimensional design is divided into fine parts and information of the divided design is replaced with information by an optical diffraction structure, as in the diffraction grating design of the present invention. Although diffraction pitch of the diffraction grating pattern changes continuously, the rate of change is nonlinear, and, by differing by directions, it is possible to obtain the angle by pattern flows unevenly effects seen.
In addition, due to such an effect, a spiral pattern (pattern inside the shell) that cannot be expressed by the conventional light diffraction structure can be expressed.
2) Further, like the diffraction grating pattern medium displaying the diffraction grating pattern of the present invention, the medium is any one of a printed matter, a card, and a label, so that the medium is imparted with an anti-counterfeit effect and an eye catching effect. be able to.

Hereinafter, the diffraction grating pattern of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of the diffraction grating pattern of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of the diffraction grating pattern of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are diffraction gratings of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining another example of the pattern, and FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the diffraction angle and pitch of the bit drawn by the electron beam.

As the hologram, a relief hologram of a three-dimensional image expressed by interference fringes due to interference of light between the object light and the reference light, and a diffraction grating based on a two-dimensional image are often used.
The diffraction grating pattern of the present invention is expressed by replacing the original pattern information expressed in two dimensions with diffraction grating information using an electron beam or the like.
As other holograms, a rainbow hologram, a color hologram, which is a white light reproduction hologram, and a synthetic hologram produced by combining characters, figures, symbols, and the like with these holograms are often used.

Holograms are roughly classified into cases where they are used in a state where they are transferred onto a substrate, and cases where they are used after being labeled on a substrate.
When the hologram is used in a transferred state, a release layer is formed on a heat-resistant base film, and, for example, a thermosetting resin layer is formed thereon, and the thermosetting resin layer is formed. An uneven structure is formed, a reflective layer is formed, a heat-sensitive adhesive layer is formed thereon to form a transfer film, and an extremely thin resin layer including the adhesive layer is formed by a heated metal mold or the like. It is used by transferring onto printed matter such as paper.
When using the hologram in a label state, a thermosetting resin layer is formed on the base film, an uneven structure is formed on the thermosetting resin layer, and a reflective layer is formed on the uneven structure, An adhesive layer is formed on the surface, the adhesive surface is covered with release paper, the base film is punched into a predetermined size together with the release paper to form a label, and the release paper is peeled off and attached to the object. use.

The reflection layer of the hologram is provided to give reflectivity to the uneven surface of the hologram forming layer.
The reflection layer includes an opaque reflection layer and a transparent reflection layer having transparency. However, when the reflection layer is mainly used as a means for enhancing the design effect as in the present invention, it is opaque by a metal such as aluminum or nickel. A reflective layer is formed.
As a method for forming the reflective layer, there are a vacuum vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, and the like, which are properly used depending on the purpose.
In addition, as a means for forming a release layer, a thermosetting resin layer, an adhesive layer, an adhesive layer, etc., among general coating methods such as gravure coating, die coating, knife coating, roll coating, and printing methods such as silk screen Select from and use.

An example of the diffraction grating pattern of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 1A is a diagram for explaining a setting element 1 for creating a diffraction grating pattern according to the present invention. FIG. b shows a refined pattern 2 for dividing the original design into grid-like cells (fine parts). The figure c is the original symbol 3 expressed in two dimensions. FIG. d shows a diffraction grating pattern 4 in which the original pattern 3 of FIG. c is divided into the miniaturized pattern 2 shown in FIG. b, and the information of the divided pattern is replaced with information by the light diffraction structure.
In FIG. d, at least adjacent miniaturized portions are configured such that the diffraction angle and / or diffraction pitch of the diffraction grating pattern changes continuously, but the rate of change is nonlinear and varies depending on the direction. Yes.

A setting element 1 for drawing a diffraction grating pattern according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The original original pattern 3 is divided by a fine pattern as shown in FIG. B and is replaced with a diffraction grating to become a diffraction grating pattern as shown in FIG.
The original symbol (not shown) is divided into symbols of an arbitrary size, and the original symbol 3 divided into an arbitrary size is further divided into fine parts as shown in FIG.
In the present embodiment, the original pattern 3 forms a square. As shown in FIG. A, the original pattern 3 moves from the center “A” toward the corners “B”, “C”, “D”, and “E” of the square. Divided into eight.

  FIG. b shows a refined pattern 2 for dividing the original design into grid-like fine parts (hereinafter also referred to as cells). In each divided fine portion 21, the subdivided information of the original pattern is drawn by being replaced with a diffraction grating in units of one to a plurality of dots.

  The figure c is the original symbol 3 expressed in two dimensions.

The figure d is drawn by dividing the original pattern 3 expressed in two dimensions into the miniaturized pattern 2 shown in figure b, and substituting the information of the subdivided original pattern with a diffraction grating in units of one to a plurality of dots. It is diffraction grating pattern 4.
A fine grid pattern is drawn on the diffraction grating pattern 4 drawn by replacing the diffraction grating, but no fine pattern is drawn on the actual diffraction grating pattern.

Example 1
An example of the diffraction grating pattern of the present invention will be described with reference to Table 1 shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
In the vertical item of Table 1, the respective directions shown in FIG.
In the horizontal item of Table 1, the positions of the cells divided in the respective directions from the central portion “A” shown in FIG. 1A are displayed, and Table 1 describes the diffraction grating information to be drawn. Has been.
The diffraction grating information described in Table 1 is diffraction angle α information (unit: °) drawn at a common pitch P (P = 1 μm) shown in FIG.

In the cell at the center “A”, a diffraction grating of P = 1 μm is drawn at α = 0 degrees (hereinafter, degrees are represented by “°”).
In the first (1/8) cell from the center “A” in the direction of “B”, a diffraction grating of P = 1 μm is drawn at α = 1 °. Similarly, a diffraction grating with P = 1 μm is drawn at α = 2 ° in the 2/8 cell toward the direction “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating of P = 1 μm is drawn at α = 9 ° in the 3/8 cell toward the direction of “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating of P = 1 μm is drawn at α = 14 ° in a 4/8 cell (intermediate cell) in the direction of “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating of P = 1 μm is drawn at α = 20 ° in the 5/8 cell toward the direction of “B”. Similarly, the diffraction grating of P = 1 μm is drawn at α = 27 ° in the 6/8 cell toward the direction of “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating having P = 1 μm is drawn at α = 35 ° in the 7/8 cell toward the direction “B”. A diffraction grating with P = 1 μm is drawn at α = 45 ° in the terminal cell in the “B” direction.
The first (1/8) cell from the center “A” in the direction of “C” is drawn with a diffraction grating of α = 2 ° and P = 1 μm. The diffraction angle information described in is drawn.
The first (1/8) cell from the center “A” in the direction of “D” is drawn with a diffraction grating of P = 1 μm at α = 0.5 °. The diffraction angle information described in the table is drawn.
Further, the first (1/8) cell from the center “A” in the direction of “E” is drawn with a diffraction grating of α = 1.5 μm and P = 1 μm. The diffraction angle information described in the table is drawn.

  Thus, each cell in Table 1 has a common pitch in each direction and a diffraction angle allocated in a non-linear state.

(Example 2)
With reference to Table 2 shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, another example of the diffraction grating pattern of the present invention will be described.
The element items shown in the vertical and horizontal directions in Table 2 are the same as in Table 1.
The diffraction grating information described in Table 2 is pitch P information (unit: μm) drawn at a common diffraction angle α (α = 0 °) shown in FIG.

In the center “A” cell, a diffraction grating of P = 0.5 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn in common in each direction.
In the first (1/8) cell from the center “A” in the direction of “B”, a diffraction grating of P = 0.6 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn. Similarly, a diffraction grating of P = 0.7 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn in the 2/8 cell toward the direction “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating of P = 0.8 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn in the 3/8 cell toward the direction “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating of P = 0.9 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn in a 4/8 cell (intermediate cell) toward “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating with P = 0.2 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn in the 5/8 cell toward the direction “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating of P = 0.4 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn in the 6/8 cell toward the direction “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating with P = 1.7 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn in the 7/8 cell toward the direction “B”. In the terminal cell in the “B” direction, a diffraction grating of P = 2 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn.
In addition, a diffraction grating of P = 0.9 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn on the first (1/8) cell from the center “A” in the direction of “C”. The diffraction angle information described in the table is drawn.
In addition, a diffraction grating of P = 0.6 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn on the first (1/8) cell from the center “A” in the direction of “D”. The diffraction angle information described in the table is drawn.
In addition, a diffraction grating of P = 0.9 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn on the first (1/8) cell from the center “A” in the direction of “E”. The diffraction angle information described in the table is drawn.

  Thus, each cell in Table 2 has a common diffraction angle in each direction and is assigned a pitch distributed in a non-linear state.

With reference to Table 3 shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, another example of the diffraction grating pattern of the present invention will be described.
In the vertical items of Table 3, the description frames of the respective directions shown in FIG. 1A, the pitch P, and the diffraction angle α are displayed.
In the horizontal item of Table 3, the positions of the cells divided in the respective directions from the central portion “A” shown in FIG. 1A are displayed, and the diffraction grating information to be drawn is described in the table. ing. The diffraction grating information described in Table 3 is the diffraction grating pitch P (unit: μm) and diffraction angle α (unit: °) shown in FIG.

In the center “A” cell, diffraction grating information of P = 0.5 μm and α = 0 ° is drawn in common for each direction.
In the first (1/8) cell from the center “A” in the direction of “B”, a diffraction grating of P = 1.6 μm and α = 1 ° is drawn. Similarly, a diffraction grating of α = 2 ° is drawn with P = 0.7 μm in the 2/8 cell toward the direction of “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating of P = 0.8 μm and α = 9 ° is drawn in the 3/8 cell toward the direction “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating of P = 0.9 μm and α = 14 ° is drawn in a 4/8 cell (intermediate cell) toward the direction of “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating of P = 1.2 μm and α = 20 ° is drawn in a 5/8 cell toward the direction “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating of P = 1.4 μm and α = 27 ° is drawn in the 6/8 cell toward the direction “B”. Similarly, a diffraction grating of P = 1.7 μm and α = 35 ° is drawn on the 7/8 cell toward the direction “B”. In the terminal cell in the “B” direction, a diffraction grating of P = 2 μm and α = 45 ° is drawn.
In addition, a diffraction grating with P = 0.9 μm and α = 2 ° is drawn on the first (1/8) cell from the center “A” in the direction of “C”. The diffraction angle information described in the table is drawn.
In addition, a diffraction grating of P = 0.6 μm and α = 0.5 ° is drawn on the first (1/8) cell from the center “A” in the direction of “D”. Diffraction angle information described in the table is drawn on the cell.
The first (1/8) cell from the center “A” in the direction of “E” is drawn with a diffraction grating of P = 2. 9 μm and α = 2 °. The diffraction angle information described in the table is drawn.

  As described above, the diffraction grating information shown in Table 3 is assigned a pitch that is distributed in a nonlinear state in which both the diffraction angle and the pitch are variable in each direction.

  As a special printed material field used to enhance design properties, it can be used by being attached to a relatively expensive product packaging material, pamphlet, POP, book cover, or the like. Further, as counterfeit prevention means, it can be used for cards such as credit cards and ID cards, gift certificates such as gift certificates, checks, bills, stock certificates, admission tickets, various certificates, and the like.

It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the diffraction grating pattern of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the diffraction grating pattern of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating another example of the diffraction grating pattern of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating another example of the diffraction grating pattern of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the diffraction angle and pitch of a bit drawn with an electron beam.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Setting element 2 Fine pattern 3 Original design 4 Diffraction grating design corresponding to original design 5 Dots 21, 41 Fine part

Claims (3)

A diffraction grating design obtained by dividing a design expressed in two dimensions into fine parts and replacing the information of the divided design with information by an optical diffraction structure,
A diffraction grating pattern characterized in that the diffraction pitch of adjacent diffraction grating patterns changes continuously, but the rate of change is non-linear and varies depending on the direction. A diffraction grating design obtained by dividing a design expressed in two dimensions into fine parts and replacing the information of the divided design with information by an optical diffraction structure,
A diffraction grating pattern characterized in that the diffraction angle and diffraction pitch of adjacent diffraction grating patterns change continuously, but the rate of change is non-linear and varies depending on the direction. A diffraction grating pattern medium displaying the diffraction grating pattern according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A diffraction grating pattern medium, wherein the medium is one of a printed material, a card, and a label.

Images