JP4644061B2 - Airflow type classifier, small particle size manufacturing apparatus, and small particle size manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an airflow classifier for small particle size particles such as toner, an apparatus for producing small particle size particles equipped with the airflow type classifier, and a method for producing small particle size particles.

  Conventionally, toner for developing an electrostatic latent image is used in image forming methods such as electrophotography and electrostatic photography. The final product of the toner is required to be fine particles, and the toner is manufactured by melting and kneading predetermined materials such as a binder resin and a colorant (dye, pigment, magnetic substance, etc.), and cooling the molten kneaded product. After being solidified, it is pulverized and classified to obtain the final product.

  In order to classify such fine particle powder, an airflow classifier using a swirling airflow is generally used.

On the other hand, the electrostatic charge image developing toner, which is a pulverized product, has recently increased market needs such as improved dot reproducibility for obtaining high-quality images and improved low-frequency fixability for the purpose of energy saving. And sharpening of the particle size distribution are required.
In addition, toner materials are shifting to materials that tend to aggregate, such as resins and waxes having a low softening point. Further, in recent years, since customers prefer higher image quality, a toner with a smaller particle size with higher resolution is desired. However, since the toner described above tends to aggregate, classification is difficult, and in particular, coarse powder is more efficient. Classification is required.

  However, the conventional airflow classifier (see, for example, Patent Document 1) is provided on the lower surface of the center core 8 and the upper surface of the separator core 6 constituting the upper lower surface of the classification chamber 4 as shown in FIG. Since each inclination is the same, the powder flows through a swirling channel sandwiched between both surfaces, and the swirling airflow becomes monotonous. That is, the fine particles in which the acting centrifugal force and centripetal force are balanced on the lower surface of the center core 8 or the upper surface of the separator core 6 may stay while rotating. The staying fine particles are likely to re-aggregate with other coarse particles or fine particles and apparently become coarse particles, and as a result, are collected as coarse particles. When such coarse particles are mixed in the final product, the product cannot have a highly accurate particle size distribution, and when the coarse particles are dissociated into very fine particles in the product toner, the image quality is significantly deteriorated.

  In addition, the staying fine particles are likely to adhere to the lower surface of the center core 8 or the upper surface of the separator core 6, and there is a possibility that the shape of the classification chamber 4 changes and the classification conditions are changed. Cause trouble. In high-precision classification, if the particle throughput per time is reduced, reaggregation of fine particles can be prevented and a highly accurate particle size distribution can be obtained. However, since the throughput is reduced, the manufacturing cost is increased.

  As a conventional technique for improving the classification accuracy, by giving a curvature to the shape of the outer peripheral end of the center core of the classification chamber, a corander effect is generated to increase the accuracy (for example, see Patent Document 2). The separator core is separated from the axial center portion and the outer peripheral edge guide at a predetermined interval to form a free vortex in the classification chamber to improve accuracy (for example, see Patent Document 3). By providing a guide room in the upper part of the room, providing a plurality of louvers between the guide room and the classification room, and swirling the powder material and air fed into the guide room into the classification room from between each louver. What improves classification accuracy (see, for example, Patent Document 4), and by rectifying the air flow inside the dispersion chamber, imparts kinetic energy to the powder material and promotes dispersion of the powder material inside the dispersion chamber, In the classification room That classification efficiency shall be improved (e.g., see Patent Document 5), and the like can not be said sufficient in any improvement of the processing capacity and classification accuracy. In Patent Document 5, a rectifier is provided in the dispersion chamber. However, reaggregation occurs before reaching the classification chamber, and the rectification effect is reduced.

JP 2002-143775 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-155697 JP-A-6-154708 JP-A-5-34977 JP 2000-157933 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in an airflow classifier, coarse particles contained in a conventional particle size distribution can be reduced, and the amount of processing per hour can be further reduced as compared with the prior art. An object of the present invention is to provide an airflow classifier that can be increased, an apparatus for producing small particle size particles equipped with such an airflow classifier, and a method for producing small particle sizes using such an airflow classifier. And

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies, and as a result, changed the width (height) of the swirl flow path sandwiched between the center lower surface of the center core and the upper surface of the separator core. It has been found that by changing the pattern of the swirling airflow, the stay of fine particles swirling in the classification chamber can be eliminated, and the classification processing amount and the classification accuracy can be improved.
The present invention is based on the above findings of the present inventors as means for solving the above problems as follows. That is,
<1> A dispersion chamber for introducing a mixed fluid of a powder material and a primary air flow;
Located in the lower part of the dispersion chamber, has a center core on the upper side, a separator core on the lower side, a secondary air inlet on the side surface side, and a classification chamber for introducing the mixed fluid from the dispersion chamber,
An airflow classifier that centrifuges the powder material into coarse particles and fine particles by an airflow,
The airflow classifier is characterized in that a rectifying device for adjusting a swirling airflow generated in the classification chamber is provided at a central suction port of the separator core.
In the airflow classifier described in <1>, the width (height) of the swirl flow path sandwiched between the upper lower surface and the center lower surface of the center core is changed to change the swirl airflow pattern. As a result, the retention of fine particles swirling in the classification chamber can be eliminated, and the classification accuracy can be improved.
<2> The airflow classification device according to <1>, wherein the rectifying device installation position is within a radius of 500 mm from the suction port center.
In the airflow classifier described in <2>, by installing the rectifier within a radius of 500 mm, it is possible to change the pattern of the swirling airflow without disturbing the swirling airflow generated by the airflow.
<3> The rectifier is on an annular pedestal.
Multiple blades to adjust the airflow;
A core adjusting ring that adjusts the suction force of the central part of the separator core to the inner diameter of the pedestal;
<1> to <2>, wherein the airflow classifier is provided.
It has been found that the classification accuracy can be improved by adjusting the swirling airflow. However, when the type of toner to be classified is changed, the cut point needs to be adjusted. At that time, the airflow classifier described in <3> has a core adjustment ring that adjusts the suction force, so that the working time can be shortened.
<4> The airflow classifier according to <3>, in which the rectifier blades are installed at intervals of 0.1 to 50 mm.
In the airflow classifier described in <4>, the classification accuracy can be increased by setting the blade interval to 0.1 to 50 mm.
<5> The airflow classification device according to any one of <3> to <4>, wherein the blades of the rectifying device are bent in a swirling airflow direction at a position of a longitudinal dimension 1/2 or later.
In the airflow classifier described in <5>, the accuracy of classification can be increased by bending in the swirling airflow direction at a position after the longitudinal dimension 1/2.
<6> The airflow classification device according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein an inner diameter (core diameter) of a central suction port of the rectifier is 60 to 150 mm.
In the airflow classifier according to <6>, since the inner diameter (core diameter) of the central suction port is set to 60 to 150 mm, the classification accuracy can be improved.
<7> The airflow classification device according to any one of <3> to <6>, wherein the blade bending angle of the rectifier is an angle of 90 to 180 degrees with respect to the blade wall surface.
In the airflow classifier described in <7>, the classification accuracy can be improved by setting the blade bending angle to 90 to 180 degrees with respect to the blade wall surface.
<8> The airflow classifier according to any one of <3> to <7>, wherein the vane attachment angle of the rectifier is changeable by a bolt fixing portion.
<9> The airflow classifier according to any one of <3> to <8>, wherein the interval between the blades of the rectifying device can be changed by a bolt fixing portion.
<10> The airflow classification device according to any one of <3> to <9>, wherein the height of the blades of the rectifying device can be changed by attaching and detaching a blade height changing component.
<11> The airflow classifier according to any one of <3> to <10>, wherein the thickness of the blade of the rectifying device can be changed by attaching and detaching a blade thickness changing component.
<12> The airflow classifier according to any one of <3> to <11>, wherein the width of the blade of the rectifying device can be changed by attaching and detaching a blade width changing component.
<13> The airflow classification device according to any one of <3> to <12>, wherein an inner diameter (core diameter) of a central suction port of the rectifier can be increased or decreased by the core adjustment ring.
<14> The airflow classifier according to any one of <1> to <13>, wherein the rectifier is detachable by fitting.
<15> The airflow classifier according to any one of <1> to <14>, wherein the powder particles having a particle diameter of 5.0 to 13.0 μm are classified.
<16> A device for producing small particle size, comprising any of a mechanical pulverizer and an airflow pulverizer, an airflow classifier, and an air transport device,
The airflow classifier is an apparatus for producing small-sized particles, which is the airflow classifier according to any one of <1> to <15>.
<17> A method for producing small particle size,
It is manufactured using the manufacturing apparatus as described in said <16>, It is a manufacturing method of the small particle diameter particle | grains characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to the present invention, various problems in the prior art can be solved. In an airflow classifier that supplies powder material into a swirling flow using a swirling flow and classifies it into a powder particle size distribution by the relationship between centrifugal force and centripetal force of the airflow. Since the separator core central suction port is equipped with a rectifying device that adjusts the swirling airflow generated in the classification chamber, the particles staying in the separator core part are reduced, and the coarse particles jump into the fine powder discharge port. Airflow classifier that enables high-accuracy classification and obtains a powder product having a sharp particle size distribution, an apparatus for producing small particle size particles equipped with such an airflow classifier, and such an airflow system A method for producing small-diameter particles using a classifier can be provided.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 5 illustrates the configuration of a conventional classification device. In FIG. 5, 1 is an air discharge pipe, 2 is a powder supply pipe, 3 is a main body casing, 4 is a classification chamber, and 5 is secondary air. An inlet, 6 is a separator core, 7 is a central suction port, 8 is a center core, 9 is a clamp, 10 is a fine powder discharge pipe, and 11 is a coarse powder discharge pipe. The present invention is characterized in that, in such a classifier, the central suction port 7 is provided with a rectifier for adjusting the swirling airflow generated in the classifying chamber.
Here, in the present invention, the “primary air flow” means an air flow taken from two powder supply pipes, and the “secondary air flow” is taken from five secondary air inlets, It means an air flow for generating a sufficient swirling air flow.
Further, the “separator core” means a member that functions to generate a stable air flow, and the “center core” means a member that is located above the separator and functions to disperse powder.
The installation position of the rectifying device is preferably provided within a radius of 500 mm from the center of the central suction port from the viewpoint of improving classification accuracy. If the rectifier is installed at a position exceeding a radius of 500 mm, the swirling airflow may be disturbed.

FIG. 1 illustrates a rectifier according to the present invention, and a plurality of blades 23 for adjusting the airflow are mounted on an annular pedestal 22. A core adjusting ring for adjusting the suction force at the center of the separator core is attached to the inner diameter 16 of the pedestal. The base 22 is fitted into the central suction port 7 of the separator core that is threaded. In FIG. 1, 13 is the width of the blade, 14 is the space between the blades, 15 is the thickness of the blade, 16 is the inner diameter of the pedestal, and the core adjustment ring is attached to the core with a bolt. Reference numeral 17 denotes a blade attachment angle. The central suction port 7 of the separator core is fitted with a pedestal 22 and the inner diameter thereof is narrowed to the inner diameter 16 of the pedestal (pedestal inner diameter portion = central suction port). Furthermore, a core adjusting ring is attached to the inner diameter 16 of the pedestal, and the inner diameter of the central suction port can be changed by attaching / detaching the core adjusting ring. That is, the inner diameter (core diameter) of the central suction port is increased / decreased by the attachment / detachment of the core adjustment ring, and the suction force is adjusted.
The interval between the blades is preferably 0.1 to 50 mm from the viewpoint of improving the classification accuracy. If the interval between the blades is set wider than 50 mm, the swirling airflow at the central portion of the swirling airflow is lowered, and sufficient classification may not be possible.
From the same viewpoint, the inner diameter (core diameter) of the central suction port is preferably 60 to 150 mm.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the rectifying device of the present invention, in which 22 is a pedestal, 23 is a blade, and 12 is the height of the rectifying device.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the classifier of the present invention in which the rectifier 20 is provided at the central suction port 7.
FIG. 4 is a top view of the rectifier 20 provided at the central suction port of the separator core 19. In FIG. 4, 22 is a pedestal, 23 is a blade, 24 is a core adjusting ring, and 25 is a core diameter narrowed by attaching the ring.
Further, FIG. 6 shows a blade folded at 26 folding positions. The blades can be replaced with 27 blades having different bending angles as required.
It is preferable that the blades bend in the direction of the swirling airflow at a position after the longitudinal dimension 1/2. Here, the longitudinal dimension starts from the inside of the rectifier. If the blades are bent with a longitudinal dimension of less than 1/2, the swirling airflow may change greatly in the central direction, and sufficient classification may not be possible.
From the viewpoint of improving classification accuracy, the bending angle of the blade is preferably 90 to 180 degrees with respect to the blade wall surface. If the bending angle of the blade is set to 90 degrees or less with respect to the blade wall surface, the turning force at the blade tip may be reduced.
The present invention is not limited to these drawings.

  An example of the classification device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3. An air discharge pipe 1 is provided at the top of the main casing 3, and a mixture of the primary air flow and the powder material is provided on the upper peripheral wall of the main casing 3. The supply pipe 2 is provided. A coarse powder discharge port 11 is opened at the lower end to serve as a hopper, and is separably connected to the main casing 3 by a member such as a clamp 9 (not shown). A conical separator core 6 having a high central portion is provided concentrically with the center core 8 in the upper portion of the coarse powder discharge pipe, that is, directly below the center core 8, and classified by the facing distance between the separator core 6 and the center core 8. A chamber 4 is formed. A fine powder discharge pipe 10 is provided at the center lower part of the separator core 6. The rectifying device 20 of the present invention is provided at the central suction port 7 of the conical separator core 6.

  The blades 23 of the rectifying device 20 can be removed from the pedestal 22. Further, the blade angle, interval, width, thickness, height, and core diameter 25 (inner diameter of the central suction port) can be freely set. Therefore, highly accurate classification can be performed by changing them according to the powder material and particle size distribution and setting optimum conditions.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, it is not limited to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

  According to the airflow classifier of the present invention, the original function that the secondary air flow flowing in the classification chamber of the conventional dispersion separator causes the powder material to flow semi-freely in a swirling manner is not lost, and the classification process is performed. Smoothly performed, it is possible to reduce the jumping of coarse particles into the fine powder outlet and improve the classification accuracy.

  The airflow classifier of the present invention is, for example, a device for producing small particle size particles including any one of a mechanical pulverizer and an airflow pulverizer, an airflow classifier, and an air transport device due to the above-described effects, And in the manufacturing method of the small particle diameter manufactured using this manufacturing apparatus, it can use suitably as an airflow classifier.

  Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Used powder and grinding equipment)
A mixture of styrene-acrylic copolymer resin and carbon / magnetic material was melted and kneaded with two roll mills, cooled and solidified, and then coarsely pulverized with a hammer mill to obtain a powder.

Next, the rectifier of the present invention is installed in the powder production facility in which the airflow classifier using the primary air flow and the secondary air flow is connected to the supersonic jet pulverizer (IDS20 type manufactured by Nippon New Matchock). The obtained powder was classified to obtain particles having a particle size of 7.0 μm, 5 μm or less and 8.0%. The particle size was measured with a Coulter Multisizer. The rectifier was installed at a position 20 mm from the center of the central suction port. The vane of the rectifier was bent at a position after the longitudinal dimension 1/2 starting from the inside of the rectifier.
Moreover, as evaluation, it performed by the following evaluation.
(I) Classification treatment amount Evaluation (II) Particle size distribution sharpness (Dv / Dn) evaluation The number average particle size, mass average particle size, and particle size distribution sharpness were measured with Coulter Counter TAII (Coulter). The sharpness (Dv / Dn) was determined by the following calculation formula.

〔formula〕
Sharpness (Dv / Dn) = mass average particle diameter / number average particle diameter

(Examples 1 to 11)
Using the above powder, as the blade conditions, the angle of the blade, height, thickness, and bending conditions of the blade are changed as shown in Table 1 to classify the toner, and the throughput and sharpness of the classification device Evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 12)
The rectifier was made removable. As a result, the cleaning time of the classifier could be shortened by about 20%. In addition, as shown in Table 1, the blades are arranged in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 11 in terms of blade angle, height, thickness, and blade bending conditions, and the processing amount and sharpness of the classification device are as follows. Evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 1)
Without providing the rectifying device of the present invention, the toner was classified in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 11, and the throughput and sharpness of the classifying device were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.

  Also from Table 2 above, it can be seen that according to the airflow classifier provided with the rectifier of the present invention, the classification throughput is improved by improving the classification accuracy.

  As described above, according to the airflow classifier of the present embodiment, the powder material is supplied into the swirling flow using the swirling flow, and is classified into the powder particle size distribution by the relationship between the centrifugal force and the centripetal force of the airflow. In the airflow classifier, the separator core central suction port is equipped with a rectifier that adjusts the swirling airflow generated in the classification chamber, so that particles staying in the separator core are reduced and coarse particles to the fine powder outlet are reduced. Dive is reduced and classification with high accuracy is possible, and a powder product having a sharp particle size distribution can be obtained.

  Further, according to the airflow classifier of this embodiment, the centripetal force of the airflow is increased by the rotation of the plurality of blades of the rectifier, and the fine particles are directed to the fine powder discharge pipe, while the coarse particles are swirling airflow in the classification chamber. It becomes easy to collect | recover to a coarse powder discharge pipe | tube with the suction force adjusted with the centrifugal force by a core adjustment ring.

  According to the airflow classifier of the present embodiment, since the blade angle, the blade gap, the blade height, the blade thickness, the blade width, the folding position, and the folding angle of the rectifier can be freely changed, the separator core The swirl flow of the part can be adjusted more appropriately, and a powder product having a sharp particle size distribution matched to a desired particle size distribution can be obtained. Moreover, a high classification processing amount can be obtained by appropriately setting the blade angle, blade gap, blade height, blade thickness, and blade width of the rectifier.

  According to the airflow classifier of this embodiment, since the rectifier has a core adjustment ring, the inner diameter (core diameter) of the central suction port of the separator core can be freely changed, and the separator core The swirl flow of the part can be adjusted appropriately, and a powder product having a sharp particle size distribution matched to the desired particle size distribution can be obtained.

  According to the airflow classifier of this embodiment, since the said rectifier is provided so that attachment or detachment is possible, the swirling flow of a separator core part can be adjusted appropriately by the removal | desorption.

  According to the airflow classifier of the present embodiment, powder particles having a particle diameter of 5.0 μm to 13.0 μm are classified, so that the swirl flow in the rectifier unit can be adjusted appropriately, and sharp particles A diameter distribution can be obtained.

  According to the apparatus for producing small particle size of the present embodiment, the apparatus for producing small particle size particles having a sharp particle size distribution can be obtained since the airflow classifier of the present invention is provided.

  According to the manufacturing method of the small particle diameter particle | grains of this embodiment, since it manufactures with the said manufacturing apparatus, the small particle diameter particle | grains which have a sharp particle size distribution can be manufactured.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of the rectifier of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of the rectifier of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the classification device of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the separator core and the rectifier provided concentrically in the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional airflow classifier. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing blades of the rectifier of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air exhaust pipe 2 Supply pipe 3 Main body casing 4 Classification chamber 5 Secondary air inflow port 6 Separator core 7 Central suction port 8 Center core 9 Clamp 10 Fine powder discharge pipe 11 Coarse powder discharge pipe 12 Height of rectifier 13 Blade width 14 Blade spacing 15 Blade thickness 16 Pedestal inner diameter 17 Mounting angle of blade 18 Classification chamber 19 Separator core 20 Rectifier 22 Pedestal 23 Blade 24 Core adjustment ring 25 Core diameter 26 Bending position 27 Bending angle

Claims (17)

A dispersion chamber for introducing a mixed fluid of a powder material and a primary air flow;
Located in the lower part of the dispersion chamber, has a center core on the upper side, a separator core on the lower side, a secondary air inlet on the side surface side, and a classification chamber for introducing the mixed fluid from the dispersion chamber,
An airflow classifier that centrifuges the powder material into coarse particles and fine particles by an airflow,
An airflow classifier comprising a rectifier for adjusting a swirling airflow generated in the classification chamber at a central suction port of the separator core.   The airflow classifier according to claim 1, wherein the rectifying device installation position is within a radius of 500 mm from the center of the suction port. The rectifier is on an annular pedestal.
Multiple blades to adjust the airflow;
A core adjusting ring that adjusts the suction force of the central part of the separator core to the inner diameter of the pedestal;
The airflow classifier according to claim 1, wherein the airflow classifier is provided.   The airflow classifier according to claim 3, wherein the rectifier blades are installed at intervals of 0.1 to 50 mm.   The airflow classifier according to any one of claims 3 to 4, wherein the blades of the rectifying device are bent in the direction of the swirling airflow at a position having a longitudinal dimension of 1/2 or more.   The airflow classifier according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an inner diameter (core diameter) of a central suction port of the rectifier is 60 to 150 mm.   The airflow classifier according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein a blade bending angle of the rectifier is an angle of 90 to 180 degrees with respect to the blade wall surface.   The airflow classifier according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the attachment angle of the rectifier blades can be changed by a bolt fixing portion.   The airflow classifier according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the interval between the blades of the rectifying device can be changed by a bolt fixing portion.   The airflow classifier according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the height of the blades of the rectifier can be changed by attaching and detaching a blade height changing component.   The airflow classifier according to any one of claims 3 to 10, wherein the thickness of the vane of the rectifier can be changed by attaching and detaching a blade thickness changing component.   The airflow classifier according to any one of claims 3 to 11, wherein the width of the vane of the rectifier can be changed by attaching and detaching a vane width changing component.   The airflow classifier according to any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein an inner diameter (core diameter) of a central suction port of the rectifier can be increased or decreased by the core adjustment ring.   The airflow classifier according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the rectifier is detachable by fitting.   The airflow classifier according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein powder particles having a powder particle diameter of 5.0 to 13.0 µm are classified. An apparatus for producing small-sized particles comprising either a mechanical pulverizer or an airflow pulverizer, an airflow classifier, and an air transport device,
The apparatus for producing small-sized particles, wherein the airflow classifier is the airflow classifier according to any one of claims 1 to 15. A method for producing small particles,
It manufactures using the manufacturing apparatus of Claim 16, The manufacturing method of the small particle diameter particle | grains characterized by the above-mentioned.