JP4644049B2 - Ventilation method and ventilation device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation method for ventilating air in a tunnel and a ventilation device used therefor.

  In tunnel construction, ventilation is carried out for the purpose of discharge of dust and gas generated from cutting of natural ground and prevention of oxygen deficiency. In shield construction, the work location near the face becomes hot due to the heat generated from the subsequent equipment (hydraulic unit, etc.) of the shield machine, so the fresh air is sent from the wellhead side to the face. May be cooled.

  However, for example, in shield construction in a natural ground containing gas etc., if air is supplied for the purpose of cooling the work location, the gas generated by cutting the natural ground in the face is diffused over the entire length of the tunnel, There are concerns about environmental deterioration. Similarly, in the air supply to the face in the tunnel where dust is generated, there is a case where the dust is diffused over the entire length of the tunnel by the air sent from the face to the wellhead side.

For this reason, conventionally, in tunnel construction where gas or dust is generated, as a ventilation device capable of preventing diffusion of these gas and dust into the tunnel, as shown in FIG. Disclosed is a ventilating apparatus 101 that includes an air supply pipe 102a that supplies outside air blown by an air fan 105, and an exhaust pipe 102b that exhausts air Pa in the tunnel T sucked by the exhaust fans 104a and 104b to the outside of the tunnel T. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). Here, the reference numeral 103 in FIG. 4 is a switching damper that performs switching so that the collection location of the air Pa in the tunnel T to be exhausted is the work location A or the middle portion of the tunnel T.
JP-A-5-149100 ([0014]-[0027], FIG. 1)

  However, the conventional ventilator 101 needs to pipe an air supply pipe 102a, an exhaust pipe 102b, and a plurality of pipelines on a limited internal section of the tunnel T, and tunnel construction in which a plurality of construction machines are congested. There were cases where it was an obstacle.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and a ventilation method that makes it possible to ventilate a tunnel with only simple equipment that minimizes the occupied area in the tunnel cross section. An object of the present invention is to propose a ventilation device used for this ventilation method.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the ventilation method of the present invention is such that one end is located in the vicinity of the work site and the other end is located at a location that is a predetermined extension away from the work site toward the wellhead. A ventilation method for supplying air to and exhausting from the work location via a piped pipe, and when removing harmful substances, the air flow in the wind pipe is changed from the face side to the wellhead side. By taking the direction, the air of the work location is taken in from one end of the wind pipe, and in normal times, the air flow in the wind pipe is changed from the wellhead side to the face side, so that the wind pipe It is characterized in that air taken in from the other end is supplied to the work location.

  This ventilation method uses the same wind pipe to ventilate the work site when removing harmful substances and ventilate the air inside the tunnel during normal operation. Without tunneling, the tunnel is effectively ventilated with a minimum number of pipes, which is suitable without causing any trouble in tunnel construction. In this specification, “at the time of removing harmful substances” means that when the concentration of harmful substances (gas, dust, etc.) generated during tunnel excavation exceeds the specified concentration, The time when the air to be replaced is replaced with air that does not contain harmful substances outside the tunnel or on the wellhead side, and “normal time” indicates the other tunnel construction status.

  Further, when removing the harmful substances, the air at the work location taken from one end of the wind pipe is removed from the outside of the tunnel through an exhaust pipe piped from the vicinity of the other end of the wind pipe to the outside of the tunnel. If the exhaust gas is exhausted to the outside, harmful substances generated at the work site are discharged to the outside without being diffused into the tunnel, so that a comfortable working environment can be maintained.

  Further, if the exhaust pipe takes in the air in the tunnel closer to the face than the other end of the wind pipe and exhausts it outside the tunnel at the normal time, the air circulates before and after the wind pipe in the tunnel. There is nothing to do. In other words, the air that flows from the tunnel face side to the wellhead side is exhausted to the outside of the tunnel through the exhaust pipe, so that the wind pipe takes in the air that flows from the wellhead side to the face side, and the entire tunnel extension Ventilation is possible.

  Further, the ventilator according to the present invention includes a wind pipe that is piped so that one end is located in the vicinity of the work place and the other end is located at a predetermined distance away from the work place toward the wellhead. A first blower that sucks in air at the work location via the wind pipe when removing harmful substances, and a second blower that sends air on the wellhead side to the work location via the wind pipe at normal time; And a switching means for communicating the wind tube and the first blower at the time of removing the harmful substance, and for communicating the wind tube and the second blower at the normal time.

  Such a ventilator is a device that supplies air to a work site and exhausts air from the work site by a single wind pipe in tunnel construction where a plurality of equipment facilities are congested in a limited space. According to this ventilator, it is possible to minimize the area occupied by the ventilator in the inside section of the limited tunnel, so that it does not hinder the construction of the tunnel. In addition, if the concentration of harmful substances such as gas or dust exceeds the allowable value at the work location, air containing harmful substances is sucked in through the wind pipe, and fresh air from the wellhead side at other times. Since air is supplied through the wind pipe, a comfortable working environment can be maintained.

  Further, the ventilator is located at one end portion in the tunnel and closer to the wellhead than the wind pipe so that the air taken in by the first blower can be exhausted outside the tunnel. However, if the exhaust pipe piped so that the other end portion is located outside the tunnel, the air containing the harmful substance sucked from the work place at the time of removing the harmful substance is diffused into the tunnel. In order to exhaust the air, the working environment in the tunnel is maintained, which is preferable.

  In addition, if the intake port of the first blower at the normal time in the ventilation device is located near the intake port of the second blower and on the face side, the normal blower than the second blower at the normal time The first blower can suck the air in the tunnel on the face side, so that the air in the tunnel is not circulated and fresh air is always sent to the work site, which is preferable.

  Further, if the intake port of the first blower at the normal time in the ventilator is arranged on the wellhead side with respect to the subsequent facility associated with tunnel excavation, it is heated by the subsequent facility such as a hydraulic unit that generates high temperature. Since the air is sucked by the first blower and exhausted to the outside of the tunnel, the temperature in the tunnel does not become high, and the working environment can be prevented from deteriorating, which is preferable.

In addition, according to the ventilator, the switching means, the first blower, and the second blower are arranged on the wellhead side of the subsequent equipment accompanying tunnel excavation, so various equipment such as the subsequent equipment accompanying tunnel construction In the section where the equipment moves, the area occupied by the ventilation device in the air cross section in the tunnel is only for the wind pipe, so that the construction of the tunnel is not hindered.
Furthermore, since the ventilator of the present invention has simple facilities, the material cost of the ventilator is low.

  With the ventilation method and the ventilation device of the present invention, it is possible to ventilate the tunnel with simple equipment that minimizes the occupied area in the tunnel cross section.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.
Here, FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire ventilator according to the present embodiment, where (a) shows a normal time and (b) shows a harmful substance removal time. 2 is an enlarged view showing a part of the ventilator, wherein (a) shows an X portion of FIG. 1 (a) and (b) shows a Y portion of FIG. 1 (b).

  In the present embodiment, for tunnel excavation by the shield tunneling method in which the tunnel T is constructed by assembling the segment Mb behind the shield machine M as the ground is cut by the shield machine M, the cooling of the work site A and the inside of the tunnel T are performed. The case where the ventilator 1 of the present invention is used for the purpose of ventilation will be described (see FIGS. 1A and 1B).

  As shown to Fig.1 (a), the ventilation apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment is the wind pipe piped from the vicinity of the shield machine M (face K) to the shaft S (wellhead) side of the succeeding equipment Ma of the shield machine M 2, a ventilation fan (first blower) 4 for applying wind power for exhausting the underground air Pa, which is the air in the tunnel T, to the outside of the tunnel T, and the outdoor air that has been sucked into the shield machine M from the vertical shaft S side An air supply fan (second blower) 5 that applies wind force for supplying Fa and a switching damper 3 that is a switching means connected to an end of the wind pipe 2 on the shaft S side are provided.

  In the present embodiment, a gas sensor (not shown) is installed in the shield machine M and detects the concentration of gas flowing out from the face K. This gas sensor is connected to an operation section Mc disposed behind the shield machine M and a control room (not shown) installed at a predetermined location outside the tunnel T, and the detected gas concentration exceeds a predetermined value. Sometimes configured to transmit a gas detection signal.

  The wind pipe 2 is formed of a steel pipe having a circular cross-sectional shape, and is disposed at an upper portion in the cross section of the tunnel T. The inner diameter of the wind pipe 2 may be set as long as the inside of the tunnel T is efficiently ventilated, and may be appropriately set according to the shape of the inner cross section of the tunnel T. Moreover, it cannot be overemphasized that the cross-sectional shape of the wind pipe 2 is not limited to circular, for example, may be formed in the rectangular shape. Further, in the present embodiment, the wind tube 2 is configured by the steel pipe in consideration of prevention of deformation of the wind tube 2 due to some impact and ease of installation, but the material configuring the wind tube 2 is limited. What is necessary is just to select from a well-known material suitably and not to use. Furthermore, the installation location of the wind pipe 2 is not limited to the upper part in the cross section of the tunnel T as long as it does not hinder tunnel construction.

  The switching damper 3 switches communication (connection) with the wind pipe 2 of the ventilation fan 4 or the air supply fan 5, and as shown in FIG. 2A, the main body 30 including the switching valve 31. And a first auxiliary pipe 32 connected to the wind pipe 2, a second auxiliary pipe 33 connected to the ventilation fan 4, and a third auxiliary pipe 34 connected to the air supply fan 5.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the main body 30 is formed in a box shape by combining steel plates, and the first auxiliary pipe 32 and the shaft S on the face K (see FIG. 1) side. A second auxiliary pipe 33 is connected to the side (see FIG. 1), and a third auxiliary pipe 34 is connected to the lower surface.

  The change-over valve 31 shuts off the wind pipe 2 (first auxiliary pipe 32) and the ventilation fan 4 (second auxiliary pipe 33) from the air hole (intake port) 33a of the mine air Pa to the ventilation fan 4. The state where the inflow is allowed and the wind tube 2 and the air supply fan 5 (third auxiliary tube 34) communicate with each other and the air hole 33a of the mine air Pa while the wind tube 2 and the ventilation fan 4 communicate with each other. The state where the flow into the ventilation fan 4 is blocked and the wind tube 2 and the air supply fan 5 are blocked is switched. In the present embodiment, the second auxiliary tube 33 and the third auxiliary tube 34 of the main body 30 are rotatably mounted around the corners, and the two wings are in opposite directions across the shaft. It is extended to.

As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the switching damper 3 normally has the wings of the switching valve 31 arranged in the vertical direction to cut off the connection between the main body 30 and the second auxiliary pipe 33, The connection between the main body 30 and the third auxiliary pipe 34 is released (communication).
On the other hand, at the time of removing harmful substances, as shown in FIG. 2B, the wings of the switching valve 31 are arranged in the lateral direction, and the connection between the main body 30 and the second auxiliary pipe 33 is opened (communication). Then, the connection between the main body 30 and the third auxiliary pipe 34 is cut off.

  The first auxiliary pipe 32 is a pipe line for connecting the wind pipe 2 and the switching damper 3 and is formed of a steel pipe having a circular cross-sectional shape. Although the connection method to the main-body part 30 of the 1st auxiliary pipe 32 is not limited, In this embodiment, it carries out by welding joining. The first auxiliary pipe 32 is connected to the wind pipe 2 by inserting the tip of the first auxiliary pipe 32 into the wind pipe 2 with a sealing material (not shown) interposed therebetween, and then by bolting or the like. . The shape and material of the first auxiliary pipe 32 are not limited, and for example, the cross section may be formed in a rectangular shape. Moreover, the connection method of the 1st auxiliary pipe 32 and the wind pipe 2 is not limited, For example, you may carry out by the method of attachment via a well-known attachment means, welding joining, etc.

The second auxiliary pipe 33 is a pipe line for connecting the switching damper 3 and the ventilation fan 4 and is constituted by a steel pipe having a rectangular cross section. An air hole (intake port) 33 a is formed on the lower surface of the second auxiliary pipe 33 at a position corresponding to one wing of the switching valve 31. The connecting portion between the second auxiliary pipe 33 and the main body 30 is configured to be cut off by the other wing of the switching valve 31.
Although the connection method to the main-body part 30 of the 2nd auxiliary pipe | tube 33 is not limited, In this embodiment, it carries out by welding joining. Moreover, although the connection method to the ventilation fan 4 of the 2nd auxiliary pipe | tube 33 is not limited, In this embodiment, it shall carry out via the well-known attachment means which is not shown in figure. Needless to say, the shape and material of the second auxiliary pipe 33 are not limited to those described above.

The third auxiliary pipe 34 is a pipe line for connecting the switching damper 3 and the air supply fan 5, and is formed of a steel pipe that is a 90 ° bent pipe having a rectangular cross section. The connecting portion between the third auxiliary pipe 34 and the main body 30 is configured to be cut off by the other wing of the switching valve 31.
Although the connection method to the main-body part 30 of the 3rd auxiliary pipe 34 is not limited, In this embodiment, it carries out by welding joining. Further, the method of connecting the third auxiliary pipe 34 to the air supply fan 5 is not limited, but in the present embodiment, it is performed via a well-known attachment means (not shown). Needless to say, the shape and material of the third auxiliary pipe 34 are not limited to those described above.

  The ventilation fan 4 is a blower (first blower) that is connected to the shaft S side of the switching damper 3 and applies wind force from the inside of the tunnel T toward the shaft S (outside of the tunnel T). The air Pa can be exhausted out of the tunnel T. The face K side of the ventilation fan 4 is connected to the switching damper 3 via a second auxiliary pipe, and the vertical shaft S side of the ventilation fan 4 leads to the outside of the tunnel via an exhaust pipe 41. In addition, the exhaust pipe 41 is connected to a processing device (not shown) outside the shaft S, and prevents harmful underground air Pa from diffusing when harmful substances are generated in the tunnel T. . Further, the exhaust pipe 41 is configured to be extendable as the tunnel T is dug.

  The air supply fan 5 is connected to the shaft S side of the switching damper 3 (third auxiliary pipe 34), and fresh air is passed from the shaft S side of the tunnel T through the wind pipe 2 to the shield machine M (face K). A blower (second blower) that blows air to a nearby work location A. The intake port (intake port) for the outside air Fa of the air supply fan 5 is closer to the vertical shaft S (well port) side than the air hole 33 a of the second auxiliary pipe 33.

  Next, with reference to drawings, the ventilation method of the tunnel T by the ventilation apparatus 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated.

  The tunnel construction by the shield method is because the temperature of the work site A near the shield machine M becomes high due to the high temperature generated from the subsequent equipment Ma such as the hydraulic unit of the shield machine M. The work site A is cooled by supplying the outside air Fa.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the supply of the outside air Fa to the work location A in the normal time is performed by the subsequent equipment Ma by the air supply fan 5 disposed on the shaft S side of the subsequent equipment Ma. This is done by taking in the air before it is overheated. Due to the suction force of the air supply fan 5, an air current of the outside air Fa in the direction of the air supply fan 5 is formed from the well opening of the tunnel T of the shaft S. The underground air Fa taken in by the air supply fan 5 is blown to the work location A via the wind pipe 2.
Then, the outside air Fa Fa blown to the work location A is sent in the direction of the shaft S through the inside of the tunnel T and cools between the shield machine M (face K) and the subsequent equipment Ma. Then, after passing through the succeeding equipment Ma, the air is sent to the outside of the shaft S through the exhaust pipe 41 by the ventilation fan 4 (see symbol Pa in FIG. 1A). That is, an air flow from the face K of the tunnel T toward the ventilation fan 4 is formed.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 2A, the switching damper 3 is in a state in which the switching valve 31 blocks the wind tube 2 and the ventilation fan 4 and allows the wind tube 2 and the air supply fan 5 to communicate with each other. It is arranged in the vertical direction. For this reason, the outside air Fa inhaled by the air supply fan 5 is supplied to the work location A through the wind pipe 2. On the other hand, since the air hole 33 a of the second auxiliary pipe 33 is opened by the switching valve 31, the underground air Pa in the tunnel T is collected by the ventilation fan 4 through the air hole 33 a.

  When the concentration of the gas flowing out from the face K exceeds a predetermined value as the tunnel T is dug (when removing harmful substances), as shown in FIG. Pa is collected and exhausted out of the tunnel T through the exhaust pipe 41. At this time, the intake of the underground air Pa is performed by the ventilation fan 4 and the operation of the air supply fan 5 is stopped. The underground air Pa is exhausted through the wind pipe 2 and the exhaust pipe 41, so that no gas is diffused into the tunnel T.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the airflow in the tunnel T at the time of removing harmful substances flows from the shaft S because the air in the tunnel T flows in the direction of the face K due to the intake air at the work location A. After the mine air Fa flows in the face K direction, it is sucked in by the wind pipe 2.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the switching damper 3 at the time of removing harmful substances is such that the switching valve 31 shuts off the wind pipe 2 and the air supply fan 5 and closes the air hole 33 a of the second auxiliary pipe 33. The wind pipe 2 and the ventilation fan 4 are arranged in the lateral direction so as to communicate with each other. For this reason, by the operation of the ventilation fan 4, a suction force at the tip of the wind tube 2 is applied, and the mine air Pa at the work location A can be sucked. Then, the underground air Pa sucked from the work location A is discharged out of the tunnel T by the exhaust pipe 41 through the ventilation fan 4. Since the exhaust pipe 41 is connected to a processing device (not shown) outside the shaft S, the underground air Pa containing gas is discharged after detoxification processing is performed by this processing device.

In the present embodiment, a gas sensor (not shown) installed in the shield machine M detects the gas concentration to switch between normal time and harmful substance removal.
When the concentration of the gas flowing out from the face K exceeds a predetermined concentration, a gas sensor (not shown) installed in the shield machine M reacts to send a signal to the operation unit Mc or the management room. The worker who has confirmed the gas detection signal in the operation unit Mc or the management room operates the switching damper 3 to cause the wind pipe 2 and the ventilation fan 4 to communicate with each other.

Here, the operation of the switching damper 3 may be automatically performed based on the gas detection result by the gas sensor. That is, when the gas sensor transmits a gas detection signal to the management room, a computer (not shown) in the management room receives this signal and sends an operation signal for the switching valve 31 to the operation panel (not shown) of the switching damper 3. Thus, the switching damper 3 may be controlled.
In addition, without installing a gas sensor in the shield machine M, an operator may perform gas measurement at any time using the gas detection device installed in the work location A, and may manually operate the switching damper 3. Control of the switching damper 3 The method is not limited.

By operating the switching damper 3, the ventilator 1 according to the present embodiment can remove harmful substances at the work site when removing harmful substances by one wind tube 2, and can cool the work site at normal times. Therefore, only one wind pipe 2 is piped in the section from the shield machine M to the subsequent equipment Ma, and the equipment is simple. In addition, regarding the section from the succeeding facility Ma to the shaft S, the piping related to the ventilation device 1 is only the exhaust pipe 41, and the area occupied by the inner cross section of the tunnel T is small and simple. Therefore, the ventilation facility 1 does not hinder the tunnel T excavation work in the tunnel T where various materials and equipment are congested.
Further, the extension of the ventilation device 1 accompanying the excavation of the tunnel T only requires the extension of the wind pipe 2 or the exhaust pipe 41. Therefore, the work is easy and can be performed in a short time.

  Also, when removing harmful substances, the underground air Pa containing harmful substances is exhausted through the wind pipe 2 and the exhaust pipe 41, so that harmful substances in the tunnel T tunnel are not diffused and the working environment is prevented from deteriorating. Is possible. On the other hand, since the outside air Fa is normally supplied to the work location A through the wind pipe 2 without passing through the subsequent equipment Ma that generates high heat, it is possible to maintain a comfortable working environment. . Further, after passing through the tunnel mine from the work location A, the outside air Fa was exhausted through the exhaust pipe 41 by the ventilation fan 4 immediately after cooling the subsequent equipment Ma, and thus was heated by the subsequent equipment Ma. Air does not fill the tunnel T.

In addition, since the airflow from the ventilation device 1 is divided by the wind pipe 2 and the exhaust pipe 41, the airflow from the shaft S to the face K direction and the air flow from the face K to the shaft S direction are separated. Therefore, the air inside the tunnel T is completely ventilated at all times.
In other words, the flow of the outside air Fa and the inside air Pa at the normal time is such that the outside air Fa flowing in from the tunnel mouth of the tunnel T is taken in by the air supply fan 5 as shown in FIG. Air is supplied to the work location A through the pipe 2. The underground air Fa released to the work location A by the wind pipe 2 flows through the tunnel T in the direction of the shaft S as the underground air Pa. Then, the underground air Pa heated by passing through the vicinity of the subsequent equipment Ma is taken into the ventilation fan 4 from the air hole 33a arranged in the vicinity of the shaft S side of the subsequent equipment Ma, and is tunneled through the exhaust pipe 41. Exhaust outside T. On the other hand, the flow of the underground air Fa and the underground air Pa at the time of removing the harmful substances is such that the underground air Pa containing the hazardous substances at the work site A is supplied through the wind pipe 2 as shown in FIG. 4 and is exhausted out of the tunnel T through the exhaust pipe 41. At this time, due to the suction force of the ventilation fan 4 at the tip of the wind pipe 2, the air flow in the tunnel T tunnel flows from the vertical shaft S in the face K direction.

Further, since the gas is quickly sucked in by the wind pipe 2 disposed in the vicinity of the work location A and exhausted through the exhaust pipe 41, the gas does not diffuse into the tunnel T.
Moreover, since the airflow in the tunnel T at the time of removing harmful substances is generated only by the suction force by the ventilation fan 4 through the wind pipe 2, the mine air Pa containing gas flows backward in the tunnel T. Therefore, all can be taken into the wind pipe 2, and it is possible to reliably prevent diffusion into the contaminated area by the gas.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that the above-described constituent elements can be appropriately changed in design without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the ventilation device of the present invention is applied at the time of tunnel construction by the shield method. It goes without saying that possible tunnel construction methods are not limited.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, the ventilator 1 of the above-described embodiment causes the wind pipe 2 and the air supply fan 5 to communicate with each other and the ventilation fan 4 at a normal time by switching means including one switching damper 3. The air tube 33 communicates with the air hole 33a, and when the harmful substance is removed, the wind tube 2 and the ventilation fan 4 are communicated with each other, and the wind tube 2 and the air supply fan 5 are shut off. It is not limited. That is, it is good also as a structure which controls the direction of the flow of the air in the wind pipe 2 with a some switching damper. For example, like the ventilator 10 shown in FIG. 3B, the first switching damper 3a that connects the wind tube 2 and the ventilation fan 4 to communicate with each other when the harmful substances are removed and shuts off at the normal time, and the ventilation fan 4 when the harmful substances are removed. And a third switching damper 3c that shuts off the air hole 33a and communicates normally, and a third switching damper 3c that shuts off the wind tube 2 and the air supply fan 5 and communicates normally when removing harmful substances. There may be provided switching means 3 ′ composed of a switching damper.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the ventilation device 1 of the above embodiment includes a ventilation fan 4 that changes the flow of air in the wind pipe 2 from the face K side to the shaft S side when removing harmful substances, Although it was set as the structure which has arrange | positioned the air supply fan 5 which makes the flow of the air in the wind pipe 2 from the shaft S side to the face K side, and two air blowers sometimes, for example, of the ventilation apparatus 11 shown in FIG.3 (c) In this way, if a blower 4 'capable of applying wind force in two forward and reverse directions is used, it is only necessary to arrange one blower, and the flow of air in the wind pipe during normal and harmful substance removal The number of blowers is not limited as long as the direction can be changed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, the ventilator 1 of the above embodiment is configured to exhaust the underground air sucked by the ventilation fan 4 out of the tunnel T through the exhaust pipe 41. If the ventilation fan 4 is arranged outside the tunnel or the tunnel T and can directly exhaust outside the tunnel T as in the ventilation device 12 shown in FIG. 3D, the exhaust pipe 41 is not necessary. Needless to say.

  In the above embodiment, the air hole (ventilation fan inlet) is disposed behind the subsequent equipment of the shield machine. However, the position of the air hole is closer to the wellhead than the heating element such as a hydraulic unit. It is not limited.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although it was set as the structure which pipes one wind pipe, it cannot be overemphasized that a several wind pipe may be arrange | positioned according to the scale of a tunnel. Similarly, a plurality of exhaust pipes may be arranged.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, it was set as the structure which arrange | positions one ventilation fan and one air supply fan, respectively, However, The number of ventilation fans and air supply fans is not limited.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the ventilation fan and the air supply fan shall be arrange | positioned in a tunnel, the installation location of a ventilation fan or an air supply fan is not limited. Similarly, in the above-described embodiment, the processing apparatus is installed outside the tunnel. However, the exhaust pipe may be omitted by disposing the processing apparatus in the tunnel or the shaft, and the installation location of the processing apparatus is limited. Is not to be done.

In the above embodiment, the work location is ventilated at the time of gas generation when the harmful substance is removed.However, the harmful substances applicable to the ventilation of the work location, such as dust removal due to cutting of natural ground, are limited. It is not something.
In addition, it goes without saying that the purpose of air supply to the work site during normal operation is not limited to cooling the work site, and the capacity of the ventilator during normal operation depends on the size of the tunnel. It shall have ventilation capacity according to the tunnel facility standard ventilation facility set accordingly.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although it was set as the structure by which the 3rd auxiliary pipe of the switching damper was connected to the lower surface of the main-body part, the suction location by an air supply fan is a shaft side (from the air hole of a 2nd auxiliary pipe ( If it is arrange | positioned in the wellhead side), the connection location of a 3rd auxiliary pipe will not be limited. Similarly, the connection location of the second auxiliary pipe in the switching damper is not limited.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although it was set as the structure which arrange | positions a gas sensor in a shield machine, you may install a dust concentration sensor, an oxygen concentration sensor, etc., and the kind and number of sensors are not limited. Needless to say, the installation location of these sensors is not limited.

It is a side view which shows the whole ventilation apparatus which concerns on this embodiment, Comprising: (a) is normal time, (b) has shown the time of harmful substance removal. It is an enlarged view which shows a part of ventilation apparatus which concerns on this embodiment, Comprising: (a) is X part of Fig.1 (a), (b) has shown Y part of FIG.1 (b). It is a figure which shows the outline of the ventilation apparatus of this invention, Comprising: (a) is a schematic diagram which shows this embodiment, (b)-(d) is a schematic diagram which shows a modification. It is a side view which shows the conventional ventilation apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

1 Ventilator 2 Wind pipe 3 Switching damper (switching means)
4 Ventilation fan (first blower)
5 Air supply fan (second blower)
A Work location K Face M Shield machine Ma Subsequent equipment T Tunnel

Claims (7)

Air supply to the work location via a wind pipe that is piped so that one end is located in the vicinity of the work location and the other end is located at a predetermined extension away from the work location toward the wellhead And a ventilation method for exhausting air from the work location,
When removing harmful substances, by taking the air flow in the wind pipe from the face side to the pit side, the air at the work location is taken in from one end of the wind pipe,
Normally, the air flow in the wind pipe is changed from the pit side to the face side so that the air taken in from the other end of the wind pipe is sent to the work location. Method.   During the removal of the harmful substances, the air at the work location taken from one end of the wind pipe is taken out of the tunnel through the exhaust pipe piped from the vicinity of the other end of the wind pipe to the outside of the tunnel. The ventilation method according to claim 1, wherein exhaust is performed.   The ventilation method according to claim 2, wherein air in the tunnel closer to the face than the other end of the wind pipe is taken into the exhaust pipe and exhausted outside the tunnel at the normal time. A wind pipe piped so that one end is located in the vicinity of the work place and the other end is located at a predetermined distance away from the work place toward the wellhead;
A first blower that sucks in air at the work location via the wind pipe when removing harmful substances;
A second blower for feeding air on the wellhead side to the work location via the wind pipe at normal times;
Ventilation apparatus comprising: switching means for communicating the wind tube and the first blower at the time of removing the harmful substance, and for communicating the wind tube and the second blower at the normal time. .   One end is located in the tunnel and closer to the wellhead than the wind pipe so that the air taken in by the first blower can be exhausted outside the tunnel, and the other end is The ventilation apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising an exhaust pipe piped so as to be located outside the tunnel.   The intake port of the first blower in the normal time is disposed in the vicinity of the intake port of the second blower and on the face side, according to claim 4 or 5. Ventilation device. The ventilation device according to claim 6, wherein an intake port of the first blower at the normal time is disposed closer to a pit than a subsequent facility associated with tunnel excavation.

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