JP4639773B2 - Non-contact power feeding device - Google Patents

Non-contact power feeding device Download PDF

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JP4639773B2
JP4639773B2 JP2004339412A JP2004339412A JP4639773B2 JP 4639773 B2 JP4639773 B2 JP 4639773B2 JP 2004339412 A JP2004339412 A JP 2004339412A JP 2004339412 A JP2004339412 A JP 2004339412A JP 4639773 B2 JP4639773 B2 JP 4639773B2
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power
supplied
coil
power supply
feeding
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JP2006149168A (en
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宏二 丸山
崇 林
靖 貝梅
新一 樋口
達之 四蔵
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description

この発明は、例えば二次電池を使用した電子機器の充電回路に用いて好適な、電磁誘導利用の非接触給電装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a non-contact power feeding apparatus using electromagnetic induction, which is suitable for use in, for example, a charging circuit of an electronic device using a secondary battery.

従来、二次電池を使用する電子機器に対し商用電源から電力供給を行なう場合、１）コネクタを使用し直接電源線を電子機器に接続する方法、２）給電装置と被給電装置である電子機器に給電コイル，受電コイルを設け、電磁誘導作用により非接触（無接点）で電力供給を行なうものなどがある。
１）の場合は、コネクタ接点の磨耗や汚れにより接触不良が発生し、信頼性に問題がある。一方、２）の場合は接触不良の問題は解消されるが、被給電装置を給電装置に対して厳密に位置合わせをして装填する必要があるだけでなく、被給電装置と給電装置は１対１の関係であるため機器毎に給電装置が必要となり、ユーザにとって利便性が良いとは言い難い。 Conventionally, when power is supplied from a commercial power source to an electronic device using a secondary battery, 1) a method of directly connecting a power line to the electronic device using a connector, 2) an electronic device that is a power feeding device and a power-supplied device Are provided with a power feeding coil and a power receiving coil to supply power in a non-contact (non-contact) manner by electromagnetic induction.
In the case of 1), contact failure occurs due to wear and dirt of the connector contacts, and there is a problem in reliability. On the other hand, in the case of 2), the problem of poor contact is solved, but it is not only necessary to align the power-supplied device with respect to the power-supply device and load it, but the power-supplied device and the power-supply device are 1 Because of the one-to-one relationship, a power supply device is required for each device, and it is difficult to say that the convenience is good for the user.

そこで、例えば特許文献１では複数の給電コイルを設け、被給電装置の置き方に自由度を持たせるものが開示されており、図７にその一例を示す。図示のように、給電装置としてのドッキングベイ１１に複数の給電コイル１２を並列接続し、被給電装置としてのコンピュータ３１の受電コイル３２に対し、電磁誘導にて電力供給するものである。
また、図８は特許文献２に開示されている例を示し、給電装置となる充電装置１に駆動回路２および誘導コイル３，４等を設け、充電装置１から被給電装置となるポータブル電子機器５，６に電力を供給するものである。 Therefore, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a plurality of power supply coils are provided to give a degree of freedom in placing the power-supplied device, and an example is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, a plurality of power supply coils 12 are connected in parallel to a docking bay 11 as a power supply device, and power is supplied by electromagnetic induction to a power reception coil 32 of a computer 31 as a power supply device.
FIG. 8 shows an example disclosed in Patent Document 2, in which a charging device 1 serving as a power feeding device is provided with a drive circuit 2 and induction coils 3, 4, etc., and the portable electronic device serving as a power fed device from the charging device 1. 5 and 6 are supplied with electric power.

特開平１１−１４３６００号公報（第４−５頁、図１，２）Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-143600 (page 4-5, FIGS. 1 and 2) 特開平１０−２２５０２０号公報（第４−６頁、図１）Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2225020 (page 4-6, FIG. 1)

ところで、電子機器に対して電力供給を行なう場合、上記図７の例では複数のコイルを常に駆動しておく必要があり、給電回路の消費電力が増大するという問題がある。また、上記図８の例では、予め定められた場所に被給電装置を装填する必要があり、置き方の自由度について考慮されていないという問題がある。
したがって、この発明の課題は、被給電装置の置き方に対する自由度を高めるとともに、複数台の電子機器に対して同時に電力供給が可能で、しかも消費電力の少ない非接触給電装置を提供することにある。 By the way, when supplying electric power to an electronic device, in the example of FIG. 7 described above, it is necessary to always drive a plurality of coils, and there is a problem that power consumption of the power feeding circuit increases. Further, in the example of FIG. 8 described above, there is a problem that it is necessary to load the power-supplied device in a predetermined place, and the degree of freedom of placement is not taken into consideration.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact power feeding device that increases the degree of freedom with respect to how to place a power-supplied device, can simultaneously supply power to a plurality of electronic devices, and consumes less power. is there.

このような課題を解決するため、請求項１の発明では、被給電装置に対して電磁誘導により電力の供給を行なう非接触給電装置において、
マトリックス状配線の各交点に配置される給電コイルと、行列の配線ごとにスイッチ素子を接続してなるドライブ回路と、前記被給電装置の位置検出回路とを設け、被給電装置の置かれた位置を検出して前記スイッチ素子を選択的にオン，オフ駆動することを特徴とする。 In order to solve such a problem, in the invention of claim 1, in a non-contact power feeding device that supplies power to the power-supplied device by electromagnetic induction,
Provided with a power supply coil disposed at each intersection of the matrix wiring, a drive circuit formed by connecting a switch element for each matrix wiring, and a position detection circuit of the power supplied device, where the power supplied device is placed And the switch element is selectively turned on and off .

上記請求項１の発明においては、前記被給電装置に発信回路を設け、前記給電装置に設けた共振コイルにより被給電装置の発信回路出力信号を検知することで、被給電装置の位置検出を行なうことができる（請求項２の発明）。

In the first aspect of the present invention, the position of the power-supplied device is detected by providing the power-supplied device with a transmitting circuit and detecting the output signal of the power-supplying device with a resonance coil provided in the power-supplying device. (Invention of claim 2 ).

この発明によれば、被給電装置の給電装置に対する置き方の自由度が高まるだけでなく、複数台の被給電装置に対しても同時に電力供給が可能となり、加えて消費電力の低減が可能となる。さらに、電磁誘導作用による被給電装置以外の金属物の、発熱を防止することができる。   According to the present invention, not only the degree of freedom of placing the power-supplied device with respect to the power supply device is increased, but also power can be supplied to a plurality of power-supplied devices at the same time, and in addition, power consumption can be reduced. Become. Furthermore, heat generation of a metal object other than the power-supplied device due to electromagnetic induction can be prevented.

図１はこの発明の第１の実施の形態を示す構成図である。
ここで、給電装置１００は交流電源ＡＣＶを直流に変換する整流回路１０１、給電コイルＬＩａ，Ｌ１ｂ，Ｌ１ｃの駆動を行なう共振回路１０２等から構成されており、給電コイルが３個の例である。すなわち、図７，８の従来例に対し、給電コイルＬＩａ，Ｌ１ｂ，Ｌ１ｃにそれぞれスイッチＳＷ１ａ，ＳＷ１ｂ，ＳＷ１ｃを直列に接続するとともに、被給電装置２００がどの位置に置かれたかを検出する検出手段として、位置検出回路１０３を付加した点が特徴である。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
Here, the power supply apparatus 100 includes a rectifier circuit 101 that converts the AC power source ACV into direct current, a resonance circuit 102 that drives the power supply coils LIa, L1b, and L1c, and the like, and there are three examples of the power supply coils. That is, with respect to the conventional example of FIGS. 7 and 8, switches SW1a, SW1b, and SW1c are connected in series to the power supply coils LIa, L1b, and L1c, respectively, and detection means for detecting where the power-supplied device 200 is placed. The point is that a position detection circuit 103 is added.

動作について説明する。
いま、共振コイルＬ２，コンデンサＣ２，整流回路２０１，蓄電池ＢＴおよび負荷２０２等からなる被給電装置２００が給電装置１００上に置かれたとすると、給電装置１００ではまず位置検出回路１０３により、被給電装置２００がどの位置に置かれたかを検出する。位置検出回路１０３は上記検出結果に基き、被給電装置２００の共振コイルＬ２に対して最も効率よく磁気結合可能な給電コイルを選択し、給電コイルに対するスイッチをオンする。 The operation will be described.
Now, assuming that the power-supplied device 200 including the resonance coil L2, the capacitor C2, the rectifier circuit 201, the storage battery BT, the load 202, and the like is placed on the power supply device 100, the position detection circuit 103 first starts the power-supplied device 100. It is detected in which position 200 is placed. Based on the detection result, the position detection circuit 103 selects a power supply coil that can be most effectively magnetically coupled to the resonance coil L2 of the power supplied device 200, and turns on the switch for the power supply coil.

図１の状態では、給電コイルＬ１ｂが被給電装置の共振コイルに対して物理的な位置が最も近いので、スイッチＳＷ１ｂだけをオンさせる。共振回路の給電コイルＬ１ｂだけを駆動し、被給電装置に電力供給をすることができる。以上述べた給電コイルはその形状を例えば平面とし、これを多数個隣り合わせてシート形状やパッド形状の給電装置を構成すれば、被給電装置の給電装置に対する置き方の自由度が高まるだけでなく、特定の給電コイルのみを駆動すればよいので、回路消費電力を低減することができる。また、被給電装置が２台以上の場合には給電コイルを台数に合わせて駆動させることにより、複数台の被給電装置に対して同時に電力供給を行なうことができる。   In the state of FIG. 1, since the feeding coil L1b is closest to the resonance coil of the power-supplied device, only the switch SW1b is turned on. Only the power supply coil L1b of the resonance circuit can be driven to supply power to the power supplied device. If the shape of the power supply coil described above is, for example, a flat surface and a sheet-shaped or pad-shaped power supply device is configured by adjoining a plurality of the coils, not only the degree of freedom of placing the power-supplied device with respect to the power supply device increases, Since only a specific power supply coil needs to be driven, circuit power consumption can be reduced. In addition, when there are two or more power-supplied devices, it is possible to simultaneously supply power to a plurality of power-supplied devices by driving the power supply coils in accordance with the number of power-supplied coils.

図２は図１に示す給電コイルの接続例を示す回路構成図である。
給電コイルが多数個の場合、各給電コイルに接続するスイッチの数は給電コイルと同数必要となる。そこで、図２では電源（＋Ｖ）とグランド（ＧＮＤ）間で網目状に接続した「行」配線と、「列」配線の各交点部分に給電コイルＬ１を1個ずつ接続してコイル・マトリックスを組み、「行」配線に接続したスイッチング素子ＳＷ１（図２ではＮＰＮトランジスタ）と、「列」配線に接続したスイッチング素子ＳＷ２（図２ではＰＮＰトランジスタ）とを接続して、ドライブ回路を形成している。このように、スイッチング素子ＳＷ１，ＳＷ２を組み合わせてオン，オフすることで、少ない数のスイッチにより特定のコイルを選択的に駆動することができる。 FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram showing a connection example of the feeding coil shown in FIG.
When there are a large number of feeding coils, the number of switches connected to each feeding coil is the same as the number of feeding coils. Therefore, in FIG. 2, one feeding coil L1 is connected to each intersection of the “row” wiring and the “column” wiring connected in a mesh between the power supply (+ V) and the ground (GND), and the coil matrix is formed. The switching element SW1 (NPN transistor in FIG. 2) connected to the “row” wiring and the switching element SW2 (PNP transistor in FIG. 2) connected to the “column” wiring are connected to form a drive circuit. Yes. In this way, by turning on and off in combination with the switching elements SW1 and SW2, a specific coil can be selectively driven with a small number of switches.

図３は給電コイルの別の接続例を示す回路構成図で、図２の改良例を示す。
図２の場合、実際に選択した給電コイル以外のコイルを迂回する不要な電流ループが形成されることがある。そこで、図３のように各給電コイルＬ１にダイオードＤ１を直列に接続することで、不要な電流ループを形成しないようにする。 FIG. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram showing another connection example of the feeding coil, and shows an improved example of FIG.
In the case of FIG. 2, an unnecessary current loop that bypasses a coil other than the actually selected feeding coil may be formed. Therefore, an unnecessary current loop is not formed by connecting a diode D1 in series to each feeding coil L1 as shown in FIG.

図４にこの発明の第２の実施の形態を示す。
ここでは、被給電装置２００にはコイルＬ３と発信回路２０３を付加し、給電装置１００にはコイルＬ０ａ，Ｌ０ｂ，Ｌ０ｃおよびコンデンサＣ０ａ，Ｃ０ｂ，Ｃ０ｃからなる共振コイルを付加した点が特徴である。 FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
Here, a feature is that a coil L3 and a transmission circuit 203 are added to the power-supplied device 200, and a resonance coil including coils L0a, L0b, and L0c and capacitors C0a, C0b, and C0c is added to the power-feeding device 100.

図４の動作を説明する。
被給電装置２００の発信回路２０３は、予め定められた周波数で定期的にコイルＬ３を駆動する。いま、給電装置の或る場所に被給電装置が置かれた場合、物理的に最も近い共振コイル（図４ではＬ０ｂ）がこの被給電装置からの信号を検知する。各共振コイルは給電コイルと１対１の関係で配置されているので、これにより被給電装置の位置が検出され、対応するスイッチＳＷ１ｂをオンする。以下の動作は前述の通り、共振回路が選択された給電コイルだけを駆動し、被給電装置に電力供給を行なうことができる。なお、被給電装置からの発信信号を検知する共振コイル（Ｌ０ａ，Ｌ０ｂ，Ｌ０ｃ）は、給電コイルＬ１ａ，Ｌ１ｂ，Ｌ１ｃの巻線の一部または全部を使用するなどの方法で単一部品として使用することも可能である。 The operation of FIG. 4 will be described.
The transmission circuit 203 of the power supplied apparatus 200 periodically drives the coil L3 at a predetermined frequency. Now, when a power-supplied device is placed at a certain location of the power-supply device, the physically closest resonance coil (L0b in FIG. 4) detects a signal from this power-supplied device. Since each resonance coil is arranged in a one-to-one relationship with the feeding coil, the position of the power-supplied device is detected by this, and the corresponding switch SW1b is turned on. As described above, the following operation can drive only the power supply coil for which the resonance circuit is selected and supply power to the power-supplied device. Note that the resonance coils (L0a, L0b, L0c) for detecting the transmission signal from the power-supplied device are used as a single component by using a part or all of the windings of the power supply coils L1a, L1b, L1c. It is also possible to do.

図５にこの発明の第３の実施の形態を示す。
ここでは、コイルＬ０ａ，Ｌ０ｂ，Ｌ０ｃおよびコンデンサＣ０ａ，Ｃ０ｂ，Ｃ０ｃからなる共振コイルを、各給電コイルＬ１ａ，Ｌ１ｂ，Ｌ１ｃに対応させて設けた点が特徴である。位置検出回路はこの共振コイルのインピーダンスまたは共振周波数を監視し、被給電装置が給電装置上に置かれた場合、被給電装置のコイルＬ２に近い共振コイルのインピーダンスまたは共振周波数値変化が最も高くなることを利用することで、位置検出が可能となる。そして、位置検出をしたら対応するスイッチをオンして電力供給を行なうことができる。 FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
Here, a feature is that a resonance coil including coils L0a, L0b, and L0c and capacitors C0a, C0b, and C0c is provided in correspondence with each of the power feeding coils L1a, L1b, and L1c. The position detection circuit monitors the impedance or resonance frequency of the resonance coil, and when the power-supplied device is placed on the power supply device, the impedance or resonance frequency value change of the resonance coil close to the coil L2 of the power-supplied device becomes the highest. By utilizing this, position detection becomes possible. When the position is detected, the corresponding switch can be turned on to supply power.

図６にこの発明の第４の実施の形態を示す。
電磁誘導作用を用いた非接触給電装置では、被給電装置以外の金属物が載せられた場合、給電コイルから発生する磁束が金属物に鎖交し、過電流により金属物が発熱するという問題がある。図６はこれに対処するもので、各給電コイルに対して電流検出器ＣＴ１ａ，ＣＴ１ｂ，ＣＴ１ｃを設けて構成される。給電装置の共振回路では、給電コイル（Ｌ１ａ，Ｌ１ｂ，Ｌ１ｃ）とコンデンサ（Ｃ１ａ，Ｃ１ｂ，Ｃ１ｃ）との共振現象を利用し、予め定めた周波数でスイッチングを行なっている。被給電装置に対し通常の電力供給を行なっている場合に比べ、金属物が置かれた場合には回路インピーダンスが変化するため、給電コイルの電流にも変化が生じる。この電流値の変化を電流検出器ＣＴ１ａ，ＣＴ１ｂ，ＣＴ１ｃにて検出し、対応するスイッチをオフすることで、給電コイルの駆動を停止することができる。 FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
In a non-contact power feeding device using electromagnetic induction, when a metal object other than the power-supplied device is placed, the magnetic flux generated from the feeding coil is linked to the metal object, and the metal object generates heat due to overcurrent. is there. FIG. 6 copes with this, and is configured by providing current detectors CT1a, CT1b, and CT1c for each feeding coil. In the resonance circuit of the power supply device, switching is performed at a predetermined frequency by using a resonance phenomenon between the power supply coils (L1a, L1b, L1c) and the capacitors (C1a, C1b, C1c). Compared to the case where normal power is supplied to the power-supplied device, the circuit impedance changes when a metal object is placed, so that the current of the power supply coil also changes. The change of the current value is detected by the current detectors CT1a, CT1b, CT1c, and the corresponding switch is turned off, so that the driving of the feeding coil can be stopped.

この発明の第１の実施の形態を示す構成図The block diagram which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention 給電コイルの第１の接続例を示す構成図Configuration diagram showing a first connection example of the feeding coil 給電コイルの第２の接続例を示す構成図Configuration diagram showing a second connection example of the feeding coil この発明の第２の実施の形態を示す構成図The block diagram which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention この発明の第３の実施の形態を示す構成図The block diagram which shows 3rd Embodiment of this invention この発明の第４の実施の形態を示す構成図The block diagram which shows 4th Embodiment of this invention 第１の従来例を示す構成図Configuration diagram showing a first conventional example 第２の従来例を示す構成図Configuration diagram showing a second conventional example

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１００…給電装置、１０１，２０１…整流回路、１０２…共振回路、１０３，１０３ａ〜１０３ｃ…位置検出回路、２００…被給電装置、２０２…負荷、２０３…発信回路、ＡＣＶ…交流電源、ＳＷ１，ＳＷ２，ＳＷ１ａ〜ＳＷ１ｃ…スイッチ、Ｌ１ａ〜Ｌ１ｃ…給電コイル、Ｌ１〜Ｌ３，Ｌ０ａ〜Ｌ０ｃ…コイル、Ｃ２，Ｃ１ａ〜Ｃ１ｃ…コンデンサ、ＢＴ…蓄電池、Ｄ１…ダイオード、ＣＴ１ａ〜ＣＴｃ…検出回路。

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Power feeding apparatus, 101, 201 ... Rectifier circuit, 102 ... Resonance circuit, 103, 103a-103c ... Position detection circuit, 200 ... Power supplied apparatus, 202 ... Load, 203 ... Transmission circuit, ACV ... AC power supply, SW1, SW2 , SW1a to SW1c ... switch, L1a to L1c ... feeding coil, L1 to L3, L0a to L0c ... coil, C2, C1a to C1c ... capacitor, BT ... storage battery, D1 ... diode, CT1a-CTc ... detection circuit.

Claims (2)

被給電装置に対して電磁誘導により電力の供給を行なう非接触給電装置において、
マトリックス状配線の各交点に配置される給電コイルと、行列の配線ごとにスイッチ素子を接続してなるドライブ回路と、前記被給電装置の位置検出回路とを設け、被給電装置の置かれた位置を検出して前記スイッチ素子を選択的にオン，オフ駆動することを特徴とする非接触給電装置。 In a non-contact power supply device that supplies power to a power-supplied device by electromagnetic induction,
Provided with a power supply coil disposed at each intersection of the matrix wiring, a drive circuit formed by connecting a switch element for each matrix wiring, and a position detection circuit of the power supplied device, where the power supplied device is placed And the switch element is selectively turned on and off to detect contact. 前記被給電装置に発信回路を設け、前記給電装置に設けた共振コイルにより被給電装置の発信回路出力信号を検知することで、被給電装置の位置検出を行なうことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の非接触給電装置。 2. The position of the power-supplied device is detected by providing a power-transmitting device in the power-supplied device and detecting a signal output from the power-supply device by a resonance coil provided in the power-feed device. The non-contact electric power feeder of description.
JP2004339412A 2004-11-24 2004-11-24 Non-contact power feeding device Expired - Fee Related JP4639773B2 (en)

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