JP4636747B2

JP4636747B2 - Equipment for measuring Young's modulus of wood such as veneer veneer

Info

Publication number: JP4636747B2
Application number: JP2001251668A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 哲也中尾; 箭波黄; 勇一鈴木; 輝幸松原
Original assignee: Meinan Machinery Works Inc
Current assignee: Meinan Machinery Works Inc
Priority date: 2001-08-22
Filing date: 2001-08-22
Publication date: 2011-02-23
Anticipated expiration: 2021-08-22
Also published as: JP2003065929A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ベニヤ単板（以下、単板という）等木材のヤング率を測定する際に使用するヤング率測定装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
例えば合板を製造する際に使用する単板にあっては、単板が削成される原木が多種多様にわたり、仮に同一樹種であっても原木の辺材と芯材とでは単板の材質が一様でなく、大きく異なる場合があり、目的に応じた材質の単板を使用するのが望ましい。
【０００３】
この単板の性質を判断する要素としての一つとしてヤング率が挙げられる。単板のヤング率を測定する装置としては、例えば特公平６−７８９７４号公報に示すヤング率自動測定器や米国特許第５，０９７，８８１号公報に示す超音波を使用した試験装置等が知られている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決すべき課題】
しかし、上記した前者にあっては、木材を打撃した際の基本振動周期と木材の性質とからヤング率を測定しているが、この装置では板状の被検査物を搬送しながら複数箇所のヤング率を測定することが困難であった。
【０００５】
また後者においては、被検査物である丸太の全体での欠点を検出することは可能であるが、発信側及び受信側に多数のトランスジューサを必要とし、装置として高価になる問題を有していた。
【０００６】
本発明は、上記した従来の欠点を解決するために発明されたものであり、その課題とする処は、第１移動体から単板等木材に対して縦振動を確実に与えると同時に第１加速度検出器により第１移動体が該縦振動を与えたことを検出して単板等木材における縦振動の伝播速さを正確に求めてヤング率を高精度に測定することができる単板等木材のヤング率測定装置を提供することにある。
【０００７】
また本発明は、第２移動体が単板等木材に当接された状態でも該木材から遠ざかる方向に自由に移動して単板等木材からの縦振動を良好に受振してヤング率を高精度に測定することができる単板等木材のヤング率測定装置を提供することにある。
【０００８】
更に本発明は、単板等木材のヤング率を搬送状態のまま効率的に、かつ高精度に測定することができる単板等木材のヤング率測定装置を提供することにある。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、ベニヤ単板等木材に対して振動を加える加振機及びベニヤ単板等木材を伝播した振動を受振する受振機を備え、ベニヤ単板等木材における振動の伝播時間に基づいてベニヤ単板等木材のヤング率を測定するヤング率測定装置において、上記加振機は、ベニヤ単板等木材に当接した状態でベニヤ単板等木材に向かって往復動する第１移動体と、該第１移動体に設けられて往復移動時の加速度を検出する第１加速度検出器と、第１移動体に対してベニヤ単板等木材に向かう方向の力を加える作動部材とからなることを特徴とする。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明を、実施形態を単板のヤング率を測定する測定装置に実施した実施例により説明する。
【００１２】
実施例装置の平面説明図である図１、図１の加振機Ａの拡大平面説明図である図２、図２の一点鎖線Ｘ−Ｘより矢印の方向を見た側面説明図である図３、図１の受振機Ｂの拡大平面説明図である図４、図４の一点鎖線Ｙ−Ｙより矢印の方向を見た側面説明図である図５において、１は加振機Ａと受振機Ｂとの間に配置され、ヤング率が測定される測定対象物としての単板３を支持して繊維方向と直交する方向である矢印方向へ、例えば毎分２０ｍの速さで搬送するコンベアであり、５はコンベア１の上方に配置され、該コンベヤ１と同速で走行してコンベア１に支持された単板３を挟持して搬送する挟持コンベアである。
【００１３】
６はコンベア１により単板３が所定位置まで搬送されたことを検知する拡散反射式光センサ（以下、光センサという）であり、光センサ６からの検知信号は後述する制御器Ｓに送られる。
【００１４】
８は単板３の密度を測定する、例えば放射線法による密度計であり、該密度計８はコンベア１により搬送される単板３における搬送方向の複数箇所の密度を測定し、夫々の密度測定値を制御器Ｓに送る。
【００１５】
Ａは単板３に縦振動を与えるための加振機であり、以下の様に構成されている。
【００１６】
図２及び図３に示す様に、７は基台９に対し、下端側が軸受（図示せず）を介して矢印で示す軸中心線回りに回転自在に設けられた軸であり、軸７の上端には第１支持板１１が固定される。
【００１７】
第１支持板１１の上面には、先端面が円弧状に形成された当接部１３ａと、これに続く本体部１３ｂ及び本体部１３ｂにボルト（図示せず）により固定された取付部１３ｃからなる第１移動体１３が、第１支持板１１に対して図２及び図３に示す左右方向へ後述する微小ストロークで移動自在に設けられる。
【００１８】
即ち、第１移動体１３の本体部１３ｂ及び第１支持板１１には貫通孔１３ｅ・１１ａがそれぞれ設けられると共にこれら本体部１３ｂと第１支持板１１の間に座金１７を配置する。そしてこれら貫通孔１３ｅ・１１ａ及び座金１７に対して第１規制体としての六角穴付きボルト１５（以下ボルト１５という）のねじ部１５ｃを挿通して後述するようにナット１９を締め付け装着する。この時、第１移動体１３に設けられた貫通孔１３ｅの直径はボルト１５の直径より、例えば具体的には０．５ｍｍ程度大きく、また第１支持板１１に設けられた貫通孔１１ａと座金１７の孔の直径はボルト１５の直径とほぼ等しくする。
【００１９】
また、第１支持板１１から下方に突出したボルト１５のねじ部１５ｃ先端側にはナット１９が装着されるが、ボルト１５の頭部１５ａの下端面１５ｂと本体部１３ｂの上面１３ｄとの間隔が、例えば０．２ｍｍ程度となるように位置決めしてナット１９を締め付け装着する。これにより第１移動体１３は、座金１７上を図３でボルト１５に対し左右方向に、例えば０．５ｍｍ程度の範囲で往復動自在となっている。
【００２０】
第１移動体１３の取付部１３ｃには第１加速度検出器１４が固定され、該第１加速度検出器１４は第１移動体１３の移動時に検出される加速度検出信号をコード１４ａを介して縦振動波形を表示するためのモニタ装置（図示せず）を備えた制御器Ｓに送る。
【００２１】
図３に示す第１移動体１３右側奥に位置する第１支持板１１には第１移動体１３へ縦振動を与える後述する作動部材の一部を構成する打撃体２１等を保持する上下に長い保持台２３が設けられる。
【００２２】
該保持台２３には、図３に示す様に上下に延びるアーム部２１ａのほぼ中間部が回動可能に支持され、該アーム部２１ａの下端部には左右に伸びる打撃部２１ｂを有する打撃体２１が設けられる。
【００２３】
即ち、図１の加振機Ａの拡大平面説明図である図２に実線で、また図２の一点鎖線Ｘ−Ｘより矢印の方向を見た側面説明図である図３に破線で示す様に、アーム部２１ａの上下方向のほぼ中央部の裏面には軸２５が固定され、該軸２５は保持台２３に軸受（図示せず）を介して回動可能に支持される。
【００２４】
打撃体２１の打撃部２１ｂと第１移動体１３の取付部１３ｃとには水平方向に雌ねじ（図示せず）が形成され、これら雌ねじには各々ボルト２７ａ・２９ａをねじ部の一部がねじ込まれてナット２７ｂ・２９ｂにより固定される。
【００２５】
更に、ボルト２７ａ・２９ａの各ねじ部には引き伸ばされた引張コイルばね（以下、引張ばねという）３１の両端がそれぞれ掛止されて取り付けられる。
【００２６】
一方、アーム部２１ａの上端部には、カム従動子としての軸受３３が、挿通されるボルト３５をナット３７によりねじ止めして回動可能に取り付けられる。
【００２７】
また、保持台２３に対して打撃体２１と反対側の上部にはモータ３９が第１支持板１１上に固定して取り付けられ、モータ３５の軸４１は保持台２３に設けられた軸受（図示せず）を挿通して打撃体２１側へ突出している。
【００２８】
軸４１の先端部には、図３に示す円弧状の周面を有する突出部４３ａを２個備えたカム４３が取り付けられ、モータ３９により軸４１が矢印方向へ回転させられると、軸受３３に対する突出部４３ａの断続的な当接により打撃体２１を後述する様に往復回動させる。
【００２９】
尚、モータ３９の容量は、後述する様にモータ３９の回転によるカム４３の回転で突出部４３ａが軸受３３に当接された際、引張ばね３１の引張力に抗してカム４３を回転し続けることができるように選択する。
【００３０】
一方、第１支持板１１の下面には、図３に示す様に下方に突出する平板状の継手４５が固定され、該継手４５は終端部が第１支持板１１から離れた位置に設けた取付部（図示せず）にピン連結されたエアシリンダ４７のピストンロッド４９の先端部に同じくピン連結される。これによりエアシリンダ４７の作動によりピストンロッド４９を前後動させることにより、第１支持板１１を図２に矢印で示す様に軸７の軸中心線回りに往復回転させる。
【００３１】
また、エアシリンダ４７へ供給する圧縮空気の圧力は、予め、後述する様にエアシリンダ４７の力により第１支持板１１が図１に示す時計回りに回動し、搬送される単板３の木口側端縁に第１移動体１３の当接部１３ａが当接した状態で適宜変更して打撃部２１ｂが第１移動体１３に衝突することにより縦振動が良好に単板３に伝播されているか否かを、モニタ装置により確認して設定する。
【００３２】
実施例装置の平面説明図である図１のＢは加振機Ａに相対して配置され、単板３に与えられた縦振動を受振する受振機で、以下の様に構成されている。
【００３３】
図１の受振機Ｂの拡大平面説明図である図４及び図４の一点鎖線Ｙ−Ｙより矢印の方向を見た側面説明図である図５に示す様に、５１は基台５３に対して下端側が軸受（図示せず）を介して矢印で示す軸中心線回りに回転自在に設けられた軸で、軸５１の上部には第２支持板５５が固定される。
【００３４】
第２支持板５５の上面には第２移動体５７が第２支持板５５に対して図４の左右方向に移動自在に設けられている。該第２移動体５７は、第１移動体１３と形状は同じであるが、質量を小とするため、例えばポリアミド樹脂材（具体的な商品名としては日本ポリペンコ社製のＭＣナイロン）により、先端側が円弧状の当接部５７ａと、これに続く本体部５７ｂ及び本体部５７ｂにボルト（図示せず）により固定された取付部５７ｃを一体に形成してなる。
【００３５】
即ち、図４の一点鎖線Ｙ−Ｙより矢印の方向を見た側面説明図である図５に示す様に本体部５７ｂ及び第２支持板５５に各貫通孔５７ｅ・５５ａをそれぞれ設け、かつ本体部５７ｂと第２支持板５５との間に座金６１を配置し、第２規制体としての六角穴付きボルト５９（以下ボルト５９という）のねじ部５９ｃをこれら貫通孔５７ｅ・５５ａ及び座金６１に挿通する。この時、第１移動体と同様に、第２移動体５７に設ける貫通孔５７ｅの直径はボルト５９の直径より、例えば０．５ｍｍ程度大きく、また第２支持板５５に設ける貫通孔５５ａと座金６１の孔の直径はボルト５９の直径とほぼ等しくする。
【００３６】
また、第２支持板５５から下方に突出したボルト５９のねじ部５９ｃ先端側にナット６３を装着するが、ボルト５９における頭部５９ａの下端面５９ｂと本体部５７ｂの上面５７ｄとの間隔を、例えば０．２ｍｍ程度となるように位置決めしてナット６３を締め付け装着する。これにより第２移動体５７は、座金６１上を図４で左右方向に、例えば０．５ｍｍ程度の範囲で往復動自在になる。
【００３７】
第２移動体５７の取付部５７ｃの上部には制御器Ｓへ信号を伝播するためのコード５８ａを備えた第２加速度検出器５８が固定され、また取付部５７ｃの下部には左右方向に雌ねじ（図示せず）を形成し、後述する圧縮コイルばね７９（以下、圧縮ばねという）の内径より若干小さい外径のリング状部材６５を、ボルト６７を取付部５７ｃの雌ねじボルト６７をねじ込んで固定する。
【００３８】
第２移動体５７の左方には図４においてＬ字状に見えるばね取付部６９ａを有し、かつ左右方向に連続して厚さ方向（図５では上下方向）に貫通する長孔６９ｂが形成されたばね取付台６９が、長孔６９ｂに挿通したボルト７１・７３を第２支持板５５の上面に形成された２個の雌ねじ（図示せず）にねじ込んで固定する。
【００３９】
ばね取付部６９ａには図４の左右方向に貫通する孔（図示せず）が形成され、該孔内に挿通されたボルト７５をナット７７で固定する。
【００４０】
更に、第２移動体５７とばね取付台６９との間には両端部がリング状部材６５とボルト７５の頭部間に装着された圧縮ばね７９が取り付けられる。この時、第２移動体５７が圧縮ばね７９によりボルト５９に圧接する力は、ボルト７１・７３を緩めた状態でばね取付台６９を第２移動体５７に対し、接近または遠ざける方向へ移動し、所望の力となった時点でボルト７１・７３を再びねじ込んで第２移動体５７を固定することにより調整して設定する。
【００４１】
上記設定の結果、ボルト５９に対する第２移動体５７の位置は、図４において第２移動体５７の箇所を拡大し、かつボルト５９の頭部５９ａを省略した説明図である図６に示す様に、ねじ部５９ｃの左側に対して第２移動体５７に設けた貫通孔５７ｅの左側が圧接した位置になっている。
【００４２】
一方、第２支持板５５の下面には、図５に示す様に下方に突出する平板状の継手８１が固定され、該継手８１には、終端部が第２支持板５５から離れた位置に設けた取付部（図示せず）にピン連結されたエアシリンダ８３のピストンロッド８５の先端部が同じくピン連結される。
【００４３】
これによりエアシリンダ８３の作動によりピストンロッド８５が前後動されると、第２支持板５５を図４に矢印で示す軸５１の回りに往復回転させる。
【００４４】
また、エアシリンダ８３の作動により第２支持板５５を、図１に示す様に軸５１を中心として反時計回りに回転させて、後述する様に搬送される単板３の木口側端縁に第２移動体５７の当接部５７ａを当接させた際に、第２移動体５７が単板３から押し返される力を受けても、ボルト５９に対する第２移動体５７の位置が図６に示す状態を保つようにエアシリンダ８３に供給される圧縮空気の圧力を調整する。
【００４５】
また、制御器Ｓは伝播される各種信号に基づいて各部材を下記の様に作動制御すると共にヤング率を求める演算処理を行う。該制御器Ｓには、単板３の搬送方向と直交する方向の長さの値が予め入力されている。
【００４６】
(1)．制御器Ｓは、コンベア１で搬送される単板３の搬送方向下手側端部が光センサ６の位置に到達して該光センサ６からの検知信号を受けると、単板３の該下手側端部より若干上手側の両木口側端縁に第１移動体１３と及び第２移動体５７を各々当接させるタイミングで、エアシリンダ４７・８３のピストンロッド４９・８５を前進作動させる作動信号を出力する。
【００４７】
また、制御器Ｓは、単板３の搬送方向上手側端部が光センサ６の位置を通過して光センサ６からの信号が非検知に遷移すると、単板３の該上手側端部が単板３の両木口端縁に当接している第１移動体１３及び第２移動体５７を通過する直前のタイミングでエアシリンダ４７・８３を復動してピストンロッド４９・８５を後退作動させる信号を出力して第１移動体１３及び第２移動体５７を単板３から離間させる。
【００４８】
(2)．制御器Ｓは、打撃体２１の打撃部２１ｂが第１移動体１３に衝突した際に、第１加速度検出器１４からの加速度信号が入力されたタイミングと、該衝突による縦振動が後述するように単板３を経て伝播されることで第２加速度検出器５８から発せられる加速度信号が入力されたタイミングとに基づいて単板３における縦振動の伝播時間を計測する。また、上記伝播時間の計測は単板３における複数ポイントで行い、光センサ６の位置を単板３の搬送方向上手側端部が通過して光センサ６からの信号が非検知に遷移すると、該複数のポイントでの各伝播時間から１枚の単板３における縦振動の平均伝播時間Ｔを演算する。
【００４９】
(3)．制御器Ｓは、予め入力されている単板３の搬送方向と直交する方向の長さＬの値と平均伝播時間Ｔとにより単板３における縦振動の平均伝播速さｖ１を演算する。
【００５０】
(4)．制御器Ｓは、１枚の単板３における複数ポイントで密度計８により計測された複数の密度値から平均密度ρ１を演算し、該平均密度ρ１と上記(3)により求められた平均伝播速さｖ１を、ヤング率Ｅ＝ρ×Ｖ×Ｖ（但し、Ｅ：ヤング率、ρ：物体の密度、Ｖ：物体中を縦振動が伝わる速さ）に当て嵌めて単板３の平均ヤング率Ｅ１を演算する。
【００５１】
(5)．制御器Ｓは、演算された平均ヤング率Ｅ１をモニタ装置の画面上に表示する。
【００５２】
次に、単板３のヤング率測定作用を説明すると、装置の初期状態を以下のように設定する。
【００５３】
即ち、両エアシリンダ４７・８３の各ピストンロッド４９・８５を後退作動して図１に実線で示す状態から第１支持板１１を、軸７を中心に反時計回りに、また第２支持板５５を、軸５１を中心として時計回りに夫々回転させて第１支持板１１に設けた第１移動体１３と第２支持板５５に設けた第２移動体５７とを図１に破線で示す位置に回動して各々コンベア１から遠ざけた位置に待機させておく。
【００５４】
また、モータ３９は常時駆動してカム４３を常時回転させておく。これにより矢印方向に回転するカム４３により軸受３３に対して突出部４３ａを断続的に当接させる。
【００５５】
その際、軸受３３と突出部４３ａとの非当接時には、打撃体２１と第１移動体１３とは引張ばね３１により図３において互いに接近する方向の力を受け、打撃部２１ｂと取付部１３ｃとが当接している。尚、この段階では第１支持板１１上の定位置にあるボルト１５に対する第１移動体１３の位置は、図２で第１移動体の箇所を、ボルトの頭部を省略して拡大した平面説明図である図７に示す様に第１移動体１３の貫通孔１３ｅ内面の左側箇所がボルト１５のねじ部１５ｃの左側箇所に当接した状態、図２で第１移動体の箇所を、ボルトの頭部を省略して拡大した平面説明図である図８に示す様に第１移動体１３の貫通孔１３ｅ内面の右側箇所がボルト１５のねじ部１５ｃの右側箇所に当接した状態、または両位置の中間の何れかとなっているかは定まらない。
【００５６】
この状態から回転するカム４３の突出部４３ａが軸受３３に当接すると、突出部４３ａの円弧状の周面に対する摺接により軸受３３が左方へ押しやられて打撃体２１を、図３で示す様に軸２５を回転中心として反時計回りに回動して打撃部２１ｂを右方向に回動させる。
【００５７】
この打撃体２１の回動により第１移動体１３も引張ばね３１の引張力を受けるが、ボルト１５に対する第１移動体１３の位置が図７に示す状態であれば、第１移動体１３はねじ部１５ｃによりその移動が阻止される。また、同じく第１移動体１３の位置が図８に示す状態又は前記両位置の中間の位置であれば、前記引張ばね３１の引張力により第１移動体１３は右方向に移動し、図７に示す様に第１移動体１３の貫通孔１３ｅ内面の左側箇所がボルト１５のねじ部１５ｃの左側箇所に当接してその移動が阻止される。
【００５８】
それ故、突出部４３ａが軸受３３に当接して打撃体２１を前記反時計回りに回動させると、ボルト１５に対する第１移動体１３の位置は必ず図７の状態となり、該状態から第１移動体１３が右方向へ移動することはない。
【００５９】
一方、カム４３は引張ばね３１の引張力に抗して引張ばね３１を伸ばしつつ回転し続けるため、打撃体２１は更に反時計回りに回動し、その結果、取付部１３ｃと打撃体２１ｂとの間に間隔ができる。
【００６０】
また、カム４３が更に回転し続けることで突出部４３ａが軸受３３から離れると、打撃体２１に作用する力は伸ばされた引張ばね３１の引張力だけとなり、この引張力により打撃体２１は図３で示す様に急激に時計回りに回動して打撃部２１ｂを第１移動体１３の取付部１３ｃに衝突させる。これにより、図７の位置にある第１移動体１３は打撃部２１ｂにより左方向への力を受け、図８に示す位置である左方向へ約０．５ｍｍの幅で急激に移動することになる。
【００６１】
前記衝突により第１移動体１３が急激に移動した後にあっては、引張ばね３１の引張力により打撃部２１ｂと取付部１３ｃの当接状態が維持されるが、ボルト１５に対する第１移動体１３の位置は前記と同様に一定ではない。
【００６２】
この状態から、次にカム４３の前記と反対側の突出部４３ａが軸受３３に当接された後に離れると、前記最初に突出部４３ａが当接した場合と同様の動作が繰り返され、第１移動体１３の位置が図７に示す状態となった後、打撃部２１ｂが第１移動体１３の取付部１３ｃに衝突して第１移動体１３を図８に示す状態となるまで急激に移動させ、以下カム４３が回転し続けることで同様の動作を繰り返す。尚、モータ３９の回転数は、例えばカム４３が１秒間で５回転する様に設定する。
【００６３】
以上のように初期状態が設定された装置により単板３のヤング率を下記の様にして測定する。
【００６４】
図１に示す様にコンベア１により単板３を、繊維方向と直交する矢印の方向に搬送する。搬送される単板３は、最初に密度計８の箇所を通過した際にその密度が計測される。密度計８による密度計測値は制御器Ｓへ送られる。
【００６５】
次に、単板３の該下手側端部が光センサ６により検知されると、光センサ６からの該検知信号を受けた制御器Ｓはエアシリンダ４７・８３の各ピストンロッド４９・８５をそれぞれ前進作動させて第１移動体１３を、軸７を中心として時計回りに、また第２支持板５５を、軸５１を中心として反時計回りにそれぞれ回動して単板３の搬送方向下手側端部より若干上手側の両木口側端縁にそれぞれ当接させる。
【００６６】
単板３に当接した第１移動体１３は上記したようにその取付部１３ｃに対する打撃部２１ｂの衝突が断続的に行われることにより断続的に振動して縦振動を単板３に伝播させる。そして単板３に伝播された縦振動第２移動体５７に受振される。
【００６７】
この縦振動の伝播において、制御器Ｓは、打撃体２１の打撃部２１ｂが第１移動体１３に衝突する毎に、該衝突時に第１加速度検出器１４から発せられる信号を受けたタイミングと、該衝突した縦振動が後述するように単板３を経て第２移動体５７に伝播された際に第２加速度検出器５８から発せられる信号を受けたタイミングとに基づいて単板３における縦振動の伝播時間を計測し、単板３の搬送方向上手側端部が光センサ６の箇所を通過すると、単板３の複数のポイントで計測された各伝播時間から単板３の平均伝播時間Ｔを求め、平均伝播時間Ｔと予め入力された単板３の搬送直交方向の長さの値とにより単板３における縦振動の平均伝播速さｖ１を演算する。
【００６８】
制御器Ｓは、密度計８により計測された複数の密度計測値による平均密度ρ１を演算し、これら平均伝播速さｖ１と平均密度ρ１から単板３の平均ヤング率Ｅ１を演算してモニタ画面上に表示する。尚、上記設定では単板３に対し、単板３の搬送方向において約３３mm間隔毎のポイントで伝播時間が求められる。
【００６９】
上記実施例装置では、第１加速度検出器１４を設けた第１移動体１３を単板３に当接させることにより以下のような効果がある。
【００７０】
即ち、比較例の説明図である図９に矢印で示す様に単板９１の搬送方向に沿って単板９１に縦振動を加える加振体９３と、加速度検出器９５を有して単板９１に当接され続ける縦振動検出体９７とを別体に並べて設けてヤング率を測定する場合には、次のような問題がある。
【００７１】
例えば単板９１に割れ９１ａがあると、加振体９３によって単板９１に与えられた縦振動は割れ９１ａの箇所では伝播されず、縦振動検出体９７へ伝播されるまでに通過する単板９１の長さが、割れ９１ａが無い場合に比べて長くなる。しかも割れ９１ａの形状が一定で無いため、縦振動が縦振動検出体９７に伝播されるまでの時間が異なることになる。その結果、前記伝播速さｖ１が本来の値より小さくなり、正確なヤング率が求められない。
【００７２】
これに対して上記実施例装置では、単板３に割れがあっても、打撃部２１ｂを第１移動体１３に衝突させて単板３に縦振動を与えると同時に第１加速度検出器１４により該打撃部２１ｂの衝突が検出されるため、上記伝播速さｖ１の値を正確に求めることができ、ヤング率をより正確に測定することができる。
【００７３】
また、ボルト１５に対する第１移動体１３の位置が図８に示す状態となっていると、打撃部２１ｂが第１移動体１３に衝突しても第１移動体１３はねじ部１５ｃにより左方向への移動が阻止されるため、第１移動体１３から単板３へ縦振動が殆ど伝播されず、ヤング率を測定することが困難となる。
【００７４】
これに対して上記実施例装置では、第１移動体１３をボルト１５に対し、ほぼ０．５ｍｍの範囲で移動自在にする共に打撃体２１を、軸２５を中心として回動自在にして両者を引張ばね３１により連結したので、カム４３の回転により打撃部２１ｂが第１移動体１３に衝突する前に前記の様にボルト１５に対する第１移動体１３の位置が図７に示す状態となる。これにより衝突後に第１移動体１３を左方向へほぼ０．５ｍｍの幅で急激に移動させることができ、単板３に対する縦振動の伝播を確実に行うことができ、ヤング率を正確に測定することができる。
【００７５】
また、前記実施例において引張ばね３１の代わりに、ボルト１５に対する第１移動体１３の位置を図７に示す状態とするために一端を第１支持板１１に固定して他端を第１移動体１３に固定した１個の引張ばねとは別に、打撃体２１の打撃部２１ｂを第１移動体１３に衝突させるために一端を第１支持板１１に固定して他端を打撃部２１ｂに固定した引張ばねを設けても良い。
【００７６】
しかるに、上記のように第１移動体１３と打撃体２１とを引張ばね３１により連結する構成とすることにより、引張ばね３１を、打撃部２１ｂが第１移動体１３に衝突する前に前記の様にボルト１５に対する第１移動体１３の位置を図７に示す状態とするために力を出すことと、打撃部２１ｂを第１移動体１３に衝突させるために力を出すこととに兼用することができる。
【００７７】
第２移動体５７をボルト５９に対して、例えばほぼ０．５ｍｍの範囲で移動自在とし、かつ圧縮ばね７９により図６に示す状態で第２移動体５７の貫通孔５７ｅがボルト５９のねじ部５９ｃに圧接させるように構成したので、以下の効果がある。
【００７８】
上記のように第１移動体１３が単板３に衝突した際に生じる縦振動によって単板３に当接した第２移動体５７の当接部５７ａが図６に示す左側に移動しても、次に第１移動体１３が単板３へ衝突するまでに圧縮ばね７９の力により図６において左側へ復帰させることができる。
【００７９】
これにより単板３の縦振動が伝播される時は常にボルト５９に対する第２移動体５７の位置が図６に示す状態となって左方向に自由に移動でき、縦振動を良好に受振することができる。
【００８０】
変更例
(1)．単板３の密度は、密度計を用いずに樹種により予め想定される平均的な密度値を制御器Ｓに入力しておいても良い。
【００８１】
(2)．第１移動体１３と第２移動体５７とは、各々軸受を備えて単板３の搬送移動に伴って従動回転する構成としても良い。
【００８２】
(3)．求めたヤング率Ｅ１はモニタ画面上に表示せず、ヤング率が測定された単板３に対してインクを噴射するインクジェット方式やインクを熱転写する熱転写方式の印字装置により測定されたヤング率Ｅ１を直接印字しても良い。
【００８３】
(4)．単板等の木材を走行させることなく停止している状態で、前記第１移動体１３と第２移動体５７を各々相対する状態で該木材に当接させ、ヤング率を測定する様にしても良い。
【００８４】
(5)．第１移動体１３を単板３に衝突させるための部材としてクランク機構を用いても良い。
【００８５】
(6)．第１移動体１３を打撃する作動部材としては、電磁ソレノイド装置としてもよい。即ち、内蔵された電磁石を所定デューティのパルスにより励磁駆動して内蔵された圧縮ばねにより第１移動体１３から遠ざかる方向へ付勢されたプランジャーを反対方向へ磁気駆動して第１移動体１３を打撃し、単板３に縦振動を与える。
【００８６】
(7)．上記説明は、単板３のヤング率を測定する場合を例に説明したが、本発明は板材や柱材等の木材のヤング率を測定する場合にも適用できることは勿論である。
【００８７】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、第１移動体から単板等木材に対して縦振動を与えると同時に第１加速度検出器により第１移動体が該縦振動を与えたことを検出して単板等木材における縦振動の伝播速さを正確に求めることにより高精度にヤング率を測定することができる。また本発明は、第２移動体が単板等木材に当接した状態でも該木材から遠ざかる方向に自由に移動することができ、単板等木材から縦振動を良好に受振して高精度にヤング率を測定することができる。さらに本発明は、単板等木材のヤング率を搬送状態のまま効率的に、かつ高精度に測定することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】実施例装置の平面説明図である。
【図２】図１の加振機Ａの拡大平面説明図である。
【図３】図２の一点鎖線Ｘ−Ｘより矢印の方向を見た側面説明図である。
【図４】図１の受振機Ｂの拡大平面説明図である。
【図５】図４の一点鎖線Ｙ−Ｙより矢印の方向を見た側面説明図である。
【図６】図４で第２移動体の箇所を、ボルトの頭部を省略して拡大した平面説明図である。
【図７】図２で第１移動体の箇所を、ボルトの頭部を省略して拡大した平面説明図である。
【図８】図２で第１移動体の箇所を、ボルトの頭部を省略して拡大した平面説明図である。
【図９】比較例の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
３−単板等木材としての単板、１１−第１支持板、１３−第１移動体、１３ｃ−取付部、１４−第１加速度検出器、２１−作動部材の一部を構成する打撃体、２１ｂ−打撃部、４３−カム、５５−第２支持板、５７−第２移動体[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is used when measuring the Young's modulus of wood such as a veneer veneer (hereinafter referred to as veneer). Young's modulus measurement equipment Related to the position.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, in the veneer used when manufacturing plywood, there are a wide variety of logs from which the veneer is cut. It is not uniform and may vary greatly, and it is desirable to use a single plate of a material suitable for the purpose.
[0003]
One factor for determining the properties of the veneer is Young's modulus. As an apparatus for measuring the Young's modulus of a single plate, for example, a Young's modulus automatic measuring instrument shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-78974 and a test apparatus using ultrasonic waves shown in US Pat. No. 5,097,881 are known. It has been.
[0004]
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
However, in the former described above, Young's modulus is measured from the basic vibration period and the nature of the wood when the wood is hit. It was difficult to measure the Young's modulus.
[0005]
In the latter case, it is possible to detect a defect in the whole log as an object to be inspected, but a large number of transducers are required on the transmitting side and the receiving side, and there is a problem that the apparatus becomes expensive. .
[0006]
The present invention has been invented in order to solve the above-described conventional drawbacks, and the problem to be solved is that the first moving body reliably applies longitudinal vibration to the wood such as a single plate and at the same time, the first. A single plate or the like that can detect the first vibration by the acceleration detector and accurately determine the propagation speed of the longitudinal vibration in the wood such as a single plate and measure the Young's modulus with high accuracy. Wood Young's modulus measuring device Is to provide.
[0007]
The present invention also enables the second moving body to move freely in a direction away from the wood even when the second moving body is in contact with the wood such as a veneer, and to receive the longitudinal vibration from the wood such as the veneer well to increase the Young's modulus. Of wood such as veneer that can be measured accurately Young's modulus measuring device Is to provide.
[0008]
Furthermore, this invention is providing the Young's modulus of wood, such as a single board, which can measure the Young's modulus of wood, such as a single board, efficiently and with high precision in a conveyance state.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention A veneer veneer, such as a veneer veneer, is equipped with a vibration exciter that applies vibration to the veneer veneer, etc., and a vibration receiving device that receives vibrations propagated through the veneer, veneer, veneer, etc. In the Young's modulus measuring apparatus for measuring the Young's modulus of A first moving body that reciprocates toward a veneer veneer, such as a veneer veneer, and a first acceleration detector that is provided on the first moving body and detects acceleration during the reciprocating movement. And an actuating member that applies a force in a direction toward the wood, such as a veneer veneer, to the first moving body.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, the present invention will be described with reference to an example in which the embodiment is applied to a measuring apparatus for measuring the Young's modulus of a single plate.
[0012]
FIG. 1 is a plan explanatory view of the embodiment device, FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan explanatory view of the vibrator A of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 is a side explanatory view of the direction of the arrow as viewed from the one-dot chain line XX of FIG. 3, FIG. 4, which is an enlarged plan view of the geophone B in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5, which is a side view as seen in the direction of the arrow from the alternate long and short dash line YY in FIG. 4. A conveyor that is arranged between the machine B and supports the veneer 3 as an object to be measured for Young's modulus and conveys the sheet in the direction of the arrow perpendicular to the fiber direction, for example, at a speed of 20 m / min. Reference numeral 5 denotes a sandwiching conveyor that is disposed above the conveyor 1, travels at the same speed as the conveyor 1, and sandwiches and conveys the single plate 3 supported by the conveyor 1.
[0013]
Reference numeral 6 denotes a diffuse reflection type optical sensor (hereinafter referred to as an optical sensor) that detects that the veneer 3 is conveyed to a predetermined position by the conveyor 1, and a detection signal from the optical sensor 6 is sent to a controller S described later. .
[0014]
8 is a density meter by a radiation method, for example, which measures the density of the veneer 3. The density meter 8 measures the density at a plurality of locations in the conveyance direction of the veneer 3 conveyed by the conveyor 1, and measures each density. Send value to controller S.
[0015]
A is a vibration exciter for applying longitudinal vibration to the single plate 3 and is configured as follows.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, reference numeral 7 denotes a shaft whose lower end side is provided to the base 9 so as to be rotatable around an axis center line indicated by an arrow through a bearing (not shown). The first support plate 11 is fixed to the upper end.
[0017]
On the upper surface of the first support plate 11, there are a contact portion 13a having a tip surface formed in an arc shape, and a main body portion 13b and a mounting portion 13c fixed to the main body portion 13b by bolts (not shown). The first moving body 13 is provided so as to be movable with respect to the first support plate 11 in the left-right direction shown in FIGS.
[0018]
That is, the main body portion 13 b and the first support plate 11 of the first moving body 13 are provided with through holes 13 e and 11 a, and the washer 17 is disposed between the main body portion 13 b and the first support plate 11. Then, a threaded portion 15c of a hexagon socket head bolt 15 (hereinafter referred to as a bolt 15) as a first restricting body is inserted into the through holes 13e and 11a and the washer 17, and a nut 19 is tightened and attached as will be described later. At this time, the diameter of the through hole 13e provided in the first moving body 13 is larger than the diameter of the bolt 15, for example, specifically about 0.5 mm, and the through hole 11a provided in the first support plate 11 and the washer. The diameter of the 17 holes is approximately equal to the diameter of the bolt 15.
[0019]
A nut 19 is attached to the tip of the threaded portion 15c of the bolt 15 projecting downward from the first support plate 11. The distance between the lower end surface 15b of the head portion 15a of the bolt 15 and the upper surface 13d of the main body portion 13b. However, for example, the nut 19 is tightened and mounted so as to be about 0.2 mm. Thus, the first moving body 13 can reciprocate on the washer 17 in the left-right direction with respect to the bolt 15 in FIG.
[0020]
A first acceleration detector 14 is fixed to the attachment portion 13c of the first moving body 13, and the first acceleration detector 14 transmits an acceleration detection signal detected when the first moving body 13 is moved vertically via a cord 14a. It sends to the controller S provided with the monitor apparatus (not shown) for displaying a vibration waveform.
[0021]
The first support plate 11 located at the back right side of the first moving body 13 shown in FIG. 3 is provided above and below to hold an impacting body 21 that constitutes a part of an operating member (described later) that applies longitudinal vibration to the first moving body 13. A long holding table 23 is provided.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 3, a substantially intermediate portion of the arm portion 21a extending vertically is rotatably supported on the holding base 23, and a striking body having a striking portion 21b extending left and right at the lower end portion of the arm portion 21a. 21 is provided.
[0023]
That is, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 2, which is an enlarged plan view of the vibrator A in FIG. 1, and as shown by a broken line in FIG. 3, which is a side view as viewed from the direction of the arrow from the one-dot chain line XX in FIG. Further, a shaft 25 is fixed to the back surface of the substantially central portion in the vertical direction of the arm portion 21a, and the shaft 25 is rotatably supported by the holding base 23 via a bearing (not shown).
[0024]
A female screw (not shown) is formed in the horizontal direction in the striking part 21b of the striking body 21 and the mounting part 13c of the first moving body 13, and bolts 27a and 29a are respectively screwed into these female screws. And fixed by nuts 27b and 29b.
[0025]
In addition, both ends of a stretched coil spring (hereinafter referred to as a tension spring) 31 are hooked and attached to each screw portion of the bolts 27a and 29a.
[0026]
On the other hand, a bearing 33 as a cam follower is rotatably attached to the upper end portion of the arm portion 21a by screwing a bolt 35 to be inserted with a nut 37.
[0027]
A motor 39 is fixedly mounted on the first support plate 11 on the upper side of the holding base 23 opposite to the impacting body 21, and the shaft 41 of the motor 35 is a bearing (see FIG. (Not shown) is inserted and protrudes toward the impacting body 21 side.
[0028]
A cam 43 provided with two protrusions 43a having an arcuate circumferential surface shown in FIG. 3 is attached to the tip of the shaft 41. When the shaft 41 is rotated in the direction of the arrow by the motor 39, The impacting body 21 is reciprocally rotated by the intermittent contact of the protrusion 43a as will be described later.
[0029]
The capacity of the motor 39 is such that the cam 43 rotates against the tensile force of the tension spring 31 when the protrusion 43a comes into contact with the bearing 33 by the rotation of the cam 43 due to the rotation of the motor 39, as will be described later. Choose to be able to continue.
[0030]
On the other hand, a flat joint 45 protruding downward is fixed to the lower surface of the first support plate 11 as shown in FIG. 3, and the joint 45 is provided at a position away from the first support plate 11. It is also pin-coupled to the tip of the piston rod 49 of the air cylinder 47 that is pin-coupled to a mounting portion (not shown). As a result, the piston rod 49 is moved back and forth by the operation of the air cylinder 47, thereby causing the first support plate 11 to reciprocate around the axis center line of the shaft 7 as indicated by an arrow in FIG.
[0031]
Further, the pressure of the compressed air supplied to the air cylinder 47 is preliminarily determined by the force of the air cylinder 47 as described later, so that the first support plate 11 rotates clockwise as shown in FIG. When the striking portion 21b collides with the first moving body 13 in a state where the abutting portion 13a of the first moving body 13 is in contact with the end edge of the butt end, the longitudinal vibration is well transmitted to the single plate 3. Whether or not it is checked is set by the monitor device.
[0032]
FIG. 1B, which is an explanatory plan view of the apparatus of the embodiment, is a vibration receiving device that is arranged relative to the vibration exciting device A and receives the vertical vibration applied to the single plate 3, and is configured as follows.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 4 which is an enlarged plane explanatory view of the geophone B of FIG. 1 and FIG. 5 which is a side explanatory view of the direction of the arrow from the one-dot chain line YY of FIG. A second support plate 55 is fixed to the upper portion of the shaft 51 with the lower end side being a shaft that is rotatably provided around an axis center line indicated by an arrow via a bearing (not shown).
[0034]
A second moving body 57 is provided on the upper surface of the second support plate 55 so as to be movable in the left-right direction in FIG. 4 with respect to the second support plate 55. The second moving body 57 has the same shape as the first moving body 13, but in order to reduce the mass, for example, a polyamide resin material (as a specific product name, MC nylon manufactured by Nippon Polypenco), A contact portion 57a having an arcuate tip end, and a main body portion 57b and a mounting portion 57c fixed to the main body portion 57b by bolts (not shown) are integrally formed.
[0035]
That is, as shown in FIG. 5 which is a side explanatory view when viewed in the direction of the arrow from the alternate long and short dash line YY of FIG. 4, the main body portion 57b and the second support plate 55 are provided with through holes 57e and 55a, respectively. A washer 61 is disposed between the portion 57 b and the second support plate 55, and a screw portion 59 c of a hexagon socket head bolt 59 (hereinafter referred to as a bolt 59) as a second restricting body is attached to the through-holes 57 e and 55 a and the washer 61. Insert. At this time, similarly to the first moving body, the diameter of the through hole 57e provided in the second moving body 57 is, for example, about 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the bolt 59, and the through hole 55a provided in the second support plate 55 and the washer. The diameter of the hole 61 is approximately equal to the diameter of the bolt 59.
[0036]
Further, a nut 63 is attached to the front end side of the threaded portion 59c of the bolt 59 protruding downward from the second support plate 55. The distance between the lower end surface 59b of the head portion 59a and the upper surface 57d of the main body portion 57b of the bolt 59 is For example, the nut 63 is tightened and mounted so as to be about 0.2 mm. As a result, the second moving body 57 can reciprocate on the washer 61 in the left-right direction in FIG. 4, for example, in a range of about 0.5 mm.
[0037]
A second acceleration detector 58 having a cord 58a for propagating a signal to the controller S is fixed to the upper part of the attachment part 57c of the second moving body 57, and a female screw is provided in the left and right direction at the lower part of the attachment part 57c. (Not shown) is formed, and a ring-shaped member 65 having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of a compression coil spring 79 (hereinafter referred to as a compression spring), which will be described later, is fixed by screwing a bolt 67 with a female screw bolt 67 of a mounting portion 57c. To do.
[0038]
On the left side of the second moving body 57, there is a spring mounting portion 69a that looks like an L shape in FIG. 4, and a long hole 69b that passes through in the thickness direction (vertical direction in FIG. 5) continuously in the left-right direction. The formed spring mounting base 69 screws the bolts 71 and 73 inserted through the long hole 69b into two female screws (not shown) formed on the upper surface of the second support plate 55 and fixes them.
[0039]
A hole (not shown) penetrating in the left-right direction in FIG. 4 is formed in the spring mounting portion 69 a, and a bolt 75 inserted into the hole is fixed with a nut 77.
[0040]
Further, between the second moving body 57 and the spring mounting base 69, a compression spring 79 having both ends mounted between the ring-shaped member 65 and the head of the bolt 75 is attached. At this time, the force with which the second moving body 57 comes into pressure contact with the bolt 59 by the compression spring 79 moves the spring mounting base 69 toward or away from the second moving body 57 with the bolts 71 and 73 loosened. When the desired force is reached, the bolts 71 and 73 are screwed in again to fix the second moving body 57 to adjust and set.
[0041]
As a result of the above setting, the position of the second moving body 57 with respect to the bolt 59 is as shown in FIG. 6 which is an explanatory view in which the portion of the second moving body 57 is enlarged in FIG. 4 and the head 59a of the bolt 59 is omitted. In addition, the left side of the through hole 57e provided in the second moving body 57 is in a pressure contact position with the left side of the screw part 59c.
[0042]
On the other hand, a flat joint 81 protruding downward is fixed to the lower surface of the second support plate 55 as shown in FIG. 5, and the end of the joint 81 is located away from the second support plate 55. The tip of the piston rod 85 of the air cylinder 83 that is pin-connected to the provided mounting portion (not shown) is similarly pin-connected.
[0043]
Thus, when the piston rod 85 is moved back and forth by the operation of the air cylinder 83, the second support plate 55 is reciprocated around the shaft 51 indicated by the arrow in FIG.
[0044]
Further, the air cylinder 83 is operated to rotate the second support plate 55 counterclockwise about the shaft 51 as shown in FIG. Even when the second moving body 57 receives a force pushed back from the single plate 3 when the contact portion 57a of the second moving body 57 is brought into contact, the position of the second moving body 57 with respect to the bolt 59 is as shown in FIG. The pressure of the compressed air supplied to the air cylinder 83 is adjusted so as to maintain the state shown in FIG.
[0045]
Further, the controller S controls the operation of each member as described below based on various propagated signals and performs a calculation process for obtaining the Young's modulus. A length value in a direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the veneer 3 is input to the controller S in advance.
[0046]
(1). When the lower end of the conveyance direction of the single plate 3 conveyed by the conveyor 1 reaches the position of the optical sensor 6 and receives a detection signal from the optical sensor 6, the controller S An operation signal for causing the piston rods 49 and 85 of the air cylinders 47 and 83 to move forward at the timing when the first moving body 13 and the second moving body 57 are brought into contact with the ends of the both mouth ends slightly above the ends, respectively. Is output.
[0047]
Further, when the upper end of the single plate 3 in the transport direction passes through the position of the optical sensor 6 and the signal from the optical sensor 6 transitions to non-detection, the controller S moves the upper end of the single plate 3 to the upper side. The air cylinders 47 and 83 are moved backward at the timing immediately before passing through the first moving body 13 and the second moving body 57 that are in contact with both ends of the single plate 3, and the piston rods 49 and 85 are moved backward. A signal is output to separate the first moving body 13 and the second moving body 57 from the single plate 3.
[0048]
(2). When the striking part 21b of the striking body 21 collides with the first moving body 13, the controller S will be described later with respect to the timing at which the acceleration signal from the first acceleration detector 14 is input and the longitudinal vibration due to the collision. The propagation time of the longitudinal vibration in the single plate 3 is measured based on the timing at which the acceleration signal emitted from the second acceleration detector 58 is input by being propagated through the single plate 3. In addition, the propagation time is measured at a plurality of points on the single plate 3, and when the upper end of the single plate 3 in the transport direction passes through the position of the single plate 3, and the signal from the optical sensor 6 transitions to non-detection, An average propagation time T of longitudinal vibration in one single plate 3 is calculated from each propagation time at the plurality of points.
[0049]
(3). The controller S calculates the average propagation speed v1 of the longitudinal vibration in the single plate 3 based on the length L in the direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the single plate 3 and the average propagation time T inputted in advance.
[0050]
(Four). The controller S calculates an average density ρ1 from a plurality of density values measured by the density meter 8 at a plurality of points on one single plate 3, and calculates the average density ρ1 and the average propagation speed obtained by the above (3). V1 is applied to Young's modulus E = ρ × V × V (where E: Young's modulus, ρ: density of the object, V: speed at which longitudinal vibration is transmitted through the object), and the average Young's modulus of the veneer 3 E1 is calculated.
[0051]
(Five). The controller S displays the calculated average Young's modulus E1 on the screen of the monitor device.
[0052]
Next, the operation of measuring the Young's modulus of the single plate 3 will be described. The initial state of the apparatus is set as follows.
[0053]
That is, the piston rods 49 and 85 of both air cylinders 47 and 83 are moved backward to move the first support plate 11 counterclockwise from the state shown by the solid line in FIG. The first moving body 13 provided on the first support plate 11 and the second moving body 57 provided on the second support plate 55 are respectively shown by broken lines in FIG. Rotate to a position and stand by at a position away from the conveyor 1.
[0054]
The motor 39 is always driven to keep the cam 43 rotating at all times. Accordingly, the protrusion 43a is intermittently brought into contact with the bearing 33 by the cam 43 rotating in the direction of the arrow.
[0055]
At that time, when the bearing 33 and the projecting portion 43a are not in contact with each other, the striking body 21 and the first moving body 13 receive a force in a direction approaching each other in FIG. 3 by the tension spring 31, and the striking portion 21b and the mounting portion 13c. And abut. At this stage, the position of the first moving body 13 with respect to the bolt 15 at a fixed position on the first support plate 11 is a plane obtained by expanding the location of the first moving body in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7 which is an explanatory view, the left side portion of the inner surface of the through hole 13e of the first moving body 13 is in contact with the left side portion of the screw portion 15c of the bolt 15, and the position of the first moving body in FIG. The state where the right side portion of the inner surface of the through hole 13e of the first moving body 13 is in contact with the right side portion of the screw portion 15c of the bolt 15, as shown in FIG. Or it is not determined whether it is in the middle of both positions.
[0056]
When the protrusion 43a of the cam 43 rotating from this state contacts the bearing 33, the bearing 33 is pushed leftward by sliding contact with the arc-shaped peripheral surface of the protrusion 43a, and the impacting body 21 is shown in FIG. In the same manner, the striking portion 21b is rotated to the right by rotating counterclockwise about the shaft 25 as a rotation center.
[0057]
The first moving body 13 receives the tensile force of the tension spring 31 by the rotation of the impacting body 21, but if the position of the first moving body 13 with respect to the bolt 15 is in the state shown in FIG. The movement is blocked by the screw portion 15c. Similarly, if the position of the first moving body 13 is the state shown in FIG. 8 or an intermediate position between the two positions, the first moving body 13 moves rightward by the tensile force of the tension spring 31, and FIG. As shown, the left side portion of the inner surface of the through hole 13e of the first moving body 13 abuts on the left side portion of the threaded portion 15c of the bolt 15, and the movement is prevented.
[0058]
Therefore, when the projecting portion 43a contacts the bearing 33 and rotates the impacting body 21 in the counterclockwise direction, the position of the first moving body 13 with respect to the bolt 15 is always in the state shown in FIG. The moving body 13 does not move in the right direction.
[0059]
On the other hand, since the cam 43 continues to rotate while extending the tension spring 31 against the tensile force of the tension spring 31, the impacting body 21 further rotates counterclockwise. As a result, the mounting portion 13c and the impacting body 21b There is an interval between
[0060]
Further, when the protrusion 43a is separated from the bearing 33 due to further rotation of the cam 43, the force acting on the impacting body 21 becomes only the tensile force of the stretched tension spring 31, and the impacting body 21 is shown in FIG. As shown by 3, the striking portion 21 b is caused to collide with the mounting portion 13 c of the first moving body 13 by suddenly rotating clockwise. Accordingly, the first moving body 13 at the position of FIG. 7 receives a force in the left direction by the striking portion 21b, and moves rapidly with a width of about 0.5 mm in the left direction, which is the position shown in FIG. Become.
[0061]
After the first moving body 13 suddenly moves due to the collision, the abutting state of the striking portion 21b and the mounting portion 13c is maintained by the tensile force of the tension spring 31, but the first moving body 13 with respect to the bolt 15 is maintained. The position of is not constant as described above.
[0062]
From this state, when the protruding portion 43a on the opposite side of the cam 43 is separated after contacting the bearing 33, the same operation as when the protruding portion 43a is first contacted is repeated, and the first After the position of the moving body 13 is in the state shown in FIG. 7, the striking portion 21b suddenly moves until it hits the mounting portion 13c of the first moving body 13 and the first moving body 13 is in the state shown in FIG. Thereafter, the same operation is repeated as the cam 43 continues to rotate. The number of rotations of the motor 39 is set so that the cam 43 rotates 5 times per second, for example.
[0063]
As described above, the Young's modulus of the single plate 3 is measured by the apparatus in which the initial state is set as follows.
[0064]
As shown in FIG. 1, the veneer 3 is conveyed by the conveyor 1 in the direction of the arrow perpendicular to the fiber direction. The density of the conveyed veneer 3 is measured when it first passes through the location of the density meter 8. The density measurement value by the density meter 8 is sent to the controller S.
[0065]
Next, when the lower end of the single plate 3 is detected by the optical sensor 6, the controller S receiving the detection signal from the optical sensor 6 moves the piston rods 49 and 85 of the air cylinders 47 and 83. Each of the first moving bodies 13 is rotated forward about the axis 7 and the second support plate 55 is rotated counterclockwise about the axis 51 to move the first moving body 13 downward in the conveying direction of the single plate 3. It is made to contact | abut to the both edge side edge of a slightly upper side from a side edge part, respectively.
[0066]
As described above, the first moving body 13 in contact with the single plate 3 is intermittently vibrated by the collision of the hitting portion 21b against the mounting portion 13c as described above, and propagates the vertical vibration to the single plate 3. . Then, the vibration is received by the longitudinal vibration second moving body 57 transmitted to the single plate 3.
[0067]
In the propagation of the longitudinal vibration, the controller S receives the signal generated from the first acceleration detector 14 at the time of collision every time the striking part 21b of the striking body 21 collides with the first moving body 13, and The vertical vibration in the single plate 3 is based on the timing of receiving the signal generated from the second acceleration detector 58 when the collided vertical vibration is propagated to the second moving body 57 through the single plate 3 as will be described later. When the upper end of the veneer 3 in the transport direction passes through the position of the optical sensor 6, the average propagation time T of the veneer 3 is calculated from the propagation times measured at a plurality of points on the veneer 3. And the average propagation speed v1 of the longitudinal vibration in the single plate 3 is calculated from the average propagation time T and the value of the length of the single plate 3 in the conveyance orthogonal direction inputted in advance.
[0068]
The controller S calculates the average density ρ1 based on the plurality of density measurement values measured by the density meter 8, calculates the average Young's modulus E1 of the single plate 3 from the average propagation speed v1 and the average density ρ1, and displays the monitor screen. Display above. In the above setting, the propagation time is determined for each single plate 3 at points at intervals of about 33 mm in the conveyance direction of the single plate 3.
[0069]
In the above-described embodiment apparatus, the following effects can be obtained by bringing the first moving body 13 provided with the first acceleration detector 14 into contact with the single plate 3.
[0070]
That is, as shown by an arrow in FIG. 9, which is an explanatory diagram of the comparative example, a single plate having a vibration body 93 that applies longitudinal vibration to the single plate 91 along the conveyance direction of the single plate 91 and an acceleration detector 95. When the Young's modulus is measured by arranging the longitudinal vibration detectors 97 kept in contact with 91 separately from each other, there are the following problems.
[0071]
For example, if there is a crack 91 a in the single plate 91, the longitudinal vibration applied to the single plate 91 by the vibrating body 93 is not propagated at the location of the crack 91 a, but passes through until it is propagated to the longitudinal vibration detection body 97. The length of 91 becomes longer than the case where there is no crack 91a. Moreover, since the shape of the crack 91a is not constant, the time until the longitudinal vibration is propagated to the longitudinal vibration detecting body 97 is different. As a result, the propagation speed v1 becomes smaller than the original value, and an accurate Young's modulus cannot be obtained.
[0072]
On the other hand, in the above-described embodiment device, even if the single plate 3 is cracked, the striking portion 21b is made to collide with the first moving body 13 to give longitudinal vibration to the single plate 3 and at the same time by the first acceleration detector 14. Since the collision of the striking portion 21b is detected, the value of the propagation speed v1 can be obtained accurately, and the Young's modulus can be measured more accurately.
[0073]
Further, when the position of the first moving body 13 with respect to the bolt 15 is in the state shown in FIG. 8, even if the striking portion 21b collides with the first moving body 13, the first moving body 13 is moved leftward by the screw portion 15c. Therefore, the vertical vibration is hardly propagated from the first moving body 13 to the single plate 3, and it is difficult to measure the Young's modulus.
[0074]
On the other hand, in the above-described embodiment apparatus, the first moving body 13 is movable with respect to the bolt 15 within a range of about 0.5 mm, the striking body 21 is rotatable about the shaft 25, and both are moved. Since they are connected by the tension spring 31, the position of the first moving body 13 with respect to the bolt 15 is in the state shown in FIG. 7 before the striking portion 21 b collides with the first moving body 13 due to the rotation of the cam 43. As a result, the first moving body 13 can be suddenly moved to the left with a width of about 0.5 mm after the collision, the propagation of the longitudinal vibration to the single plate 3 can be surely performed, and the Young's modulus is accurately measured. can do.
[0075]
In the embodiment, instead of the tension spring 31, one end is fixed to the first support plate 11 and the other end is moved to the first position so that the position of the first moving body 13 with respect to the bolt 15 is in the state shown in FIG. Apart from one tension spring fixed to the body 13, one end is fixed to the first support plate 11 and the other end is connected to the striking part 21b in order to cause the striking part 21b of the striking body 21 to collide with the first moving body 13. A fixed tension spring may be provided.
[0076]
However, by setting the first moving body 13 and the impacting body 21 to be connected by the tension spring 31 as described above, the tension spring 31 is moved before the impacting portion 21b collides with the first moving body 13. As described above, the first moving body 13 is positioned with respect to the bolt 15 so that the position shown in FIG. 7 is applied, and the striking portion 21b is applied with the first moving body 13 so that the force is applied. be able to.
[0077]
The second moving body 57 is movable with respect to the bolt 59 within a range of, for example, approximately 0.5 mm, and the through hole 57e of the second moving body 57 is threaded on the bolt 59 in the state shown in FIG. Since it is configured to be brought into pressure contact with 59c, the following effects are obtained.
[0078]
As described above, even if the contact portion 57a of the second moving body 57 that is in contact with the single plate 3 is moved to the left side shown in FIG. 6 due to the longitudinal vibration generated when the first moving body 13 collides with the single plate 3. Then, until the first moving body 13 collides with the single plate 3, it can be returned to the left side in FIG. 6 by the force of the compression spring 79.
[0079]
Thereby, whenever the longitudinal vibration of the single plate 3 is propagated, the position of the second moving body 57 with respect to the bolt 59 is in the state shown in FIG. 6 and can move freely in the left direction, and the longitudinal vibration can be received well. Can do.
[0080]
Example of change
(1). The density of the single plate 3 may be input to the controller S as an average density value assumed in advance by the tree species without using a density meter.
[0081]
(2). The 1st moving body 13 and the 2nd moving body 57 are good also as a structure which each is provided with a bearing and rotates following with the conveyance movement of the single plate 3. As shown in FIG.
[0082]
(3). The obtained Young's modulus E1 is not displayed on the monitor screen, and the Young's modulus E1 measured by a printing apparatus of an ink jet system that ejects ink to the single plate 3 whose Young's modulus is measured or a thermal transfer system that thermally transfers ink is used. You may print directly.
[0083]
(Four). In a state where the wood such as a single plate is stopped without running, the first moving body 13 and the second moving body 57 are brought into contact with each other in a state of facing each other, and the Young's modulus is measured. Also good.
[0084]
(Five). A crank mechanism may be used as a member for causing the first moving body 13 to collide with the single plate 3.
[0085]
(6). The actuating member that strikes the first moving body 13 may be an electromagnetic solenoid device. That is, the built-in electromagnet is excited and driven by a pulse of a predetermined duty, and the plunger that is biased in the direction away from the first moving body 13 by the built-in compression spring is magnetically driven in the opposite direction to move the first moving body 13. To apply longitudinal vibration to the veneer 3.
[0086]
(7). In the above description, the case where the Young's modulus of the single plate 3 is measured has been described as an example. However, the present invention can also be applied to the case where the Young's modulus of wood such as a plate material or a column material is measured.
[0087]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention The longitudinal vibration is transmitted from the first moving body to the wood such as a single plate by simultaneously detecting that the first moving body has applied the longitudinal vibration by the first acceleration detector. By determining the speed accurately, the Young's modulus can be measured with high accuracy. Also The present invention Even when the second moving body is in contact with wood such as a veneer, it can move freely in the direction away from the wood, and it can receive longitudinal vibration from the wood such as veneer well and measure the Young's modulus with high accuracy. can do. further The present invention Can measure the Young's modulus of wood such as a single plate efficiently and with high accuracy while being conveyed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory plan view of an apparatus according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of the vibrator A of FIG.
3 is an explanatory side view of the direction of the arrow as viewed from the alternate long and short dash line XX in FIG. 2. FIG.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the geophone B of FIG.
5 is an explanatory side view of the direction of the arrow as viewed from the alternate long and short dash line YY in FIG. 4;
6 is an explanatory plan view of the second moving body in FIG. 4 with the bolt head omitted and enlarged. FIG.
7 is an explanatory plan view showing an enlarged view of the location of the first moving body in FIG. 2 by omitting the bolt heads. FIG.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory plan view showing the location of the first moving body in FIG. 2 with the bolt head omitted and enlarged.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a comparative example.
[Explanation of symbols]
3-Single plate as wood such as single plate, 11-First support plate, 13-First moving body, 13 c-Mounting portion, 14-First acceleration detector, 21-Impacting body constituting a part of operating member , 21 b-striking part, 43-cam, 55-second support plate, 57-second moving body

Claims

A veneer veneer, such as a veneer veneer, is equipped with a vibrator that vibrates the veneer, veneer veneer, etc., and a vibration receiving device that receives vibration transmitted through the veneer, veneer, etc. In the Young's modulus measuring device that measures the Young's modulus of
The vibration exciter includes a first moving body that reciprocates toward a veneer veneer such as a veneer veneer, and an acceleration that is provided on the first moving body when the reciprocating movement is detected. An apparatus for measuring the Young's modulus of wood, such as veneer veneer, comprising a first acceleration detector that performs the above and a working member that applies a force in a direction toward the wood, such as veneer veneer, to the first moving body.

The first moving body according to claim 1, wherein the first moving body is in contact with the wood such as the veneer veneer in a state in which the first moving body is pressed against the first regulating body by the first force in a direction away from the wood such as the veneer veneer. And
The operating member is a Young's modulus measuring device for wood such as a veneer veneer configured to intermittently apply a force greater than the first force in a direction opposite to the first force to the first moving body.

In claim 1, the first movable body, the first reciprocating member that reciprocates in between a position away from the position and the veneer or the like timber in which the first moving member comes into contact with the veneer or the like timber provided in the first supporting stand connected, when by the reciprocating motion of the first support member is the first moving member is in the position where the abutting reciprocating toward the veneer or the like timber relative to the first support member While being prepared in a state of being pressed by a first force against a first restricting body that is free and is away from wood such as a veneer veneer ,
The actuating member is a Young's modulus measuring device for wood such as a veneer veneer configured to intermittently apply a force greater than the first force to the first moving body in a direction opposite to the first force.

2. The first moving body according to claim 1, wherein the first moving body is connected to a first reciprocating member that reciprocates between a position where the first moving body abuts on wood such as a veneer veneer and a position away from the wood. A veneer is provided on a support base so as to be able to reciprocate in a direction in which the first moving body is in contact with or separated from wood such as a veneer veneer when the first moving body is in the contact position by the reciprocation of the first support base. Movement in the direction away from wood such as veneer is regulated,
The actuating member has a striking portion that reciprocates between a position that contacts the first moving body and a position that is distant from the first moving body, and the striking portion is spanned between the first moving body and the striking portion. An apparatus for measuring the Young's modulus of wood such as a veneer veneer that is always moved to a position away from the first moving body by the spring force of the tension spring .

5. The second acceleration detector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the geophone is provided so as to be capable of reciprocating toward a veneer veneer such as a veneer veneer while being in contact with the veneer veneer such as a veneer. A second restricting body that restricts the position of the second moving body in the direction toward the wood, such as a veneer veneer, and the second moving body in the direction toward the second restricting body. An apparatus for measuring the Young's modulus of wood such as a veneer veneer comprising a pressure contact body that is pressed by applying a force larger than a second force .

6. The second moving body according to claim 5, wherein the second moving body is connected to a second reciprocating member that reciprocates between the position where the second moving body abuts on wood such as a veneer veneer and the position away from the wood. 2 provided on the support base, and pressed by the second force in the direction toward the wood such as a veneer veneer when the second moving body is in the contact position by the reciprocation of the second support base. While preparing
The pressure contact body is a veneer veneer configured such that when the second moving body comes into contact with wood such as a veneer veneer, the force that presses against the veneer veneer wood such as the veneer veneer is reduced by the second force. Equipment for measuring Young's modulus of wood .