JP4631179B2 - Semiconductor device and inverter device using the same - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a semiconductor device intended for an intelligent power module applied to an inverter device or the like, and more particularly to a structure having a built-in thyristor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The IGBT has been developed by adding attention and improvement in place of the conventional bipolar transistor, mainly in the industrial field, with the rapid development of power electronics in recent years. IGBTs have been applied in a wide range of fields such as industrial, transportation, and home appliances as IGBT modules that are equipped with multiple IGBT chips and diode chips and packaged together with an insulating plate and a base plate for the purpose of application to inverter devices in particular. Yes.
In addition to the inverter circuit, the IGBT module has a rectifier circuit for input current and a dynamic brake circuit for regeneration in one package for the purpose of further hybridization in response to demands for miniaturization and high performance of the inverter device. It has developed into a power integrated module (Power Integrated Module).
FIG. 6 is a circuit configuration diagram of the voltage source inverter. There are several types of inverter circuits depending on the application, but the voltage source inverter method is the most widely used in the market. Among them, the power semiconductor device is applied to a converter circuit unit 1 that rectifies an alternating current into a direct current by using a diode and converts the direct current into a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) using a switching element such as an IGBT. ) An inverter circuit unit 2 that outputs an alternating current by control, and a dynamic brake circuit unit 3 that suppresses a voltage increase due to energy generated during a regenerative operation of a motor to which an output terminal is connected.
[0003]
For each of these circuit units, a discrete transistor, a diode product, or a set of 1 to 7 transistor modules or diode modules, etc., are selected depending on the capacity of the inverter device. In the field of small capacity, the circuit wiring to each component is complicated, it takes time to mount on the inverter device, and this part corresponds to the main circuit of the inverter device. It took a lot of labor to pose a problem.
[0004]
For this reason, power integrated modules in which the main circuit portion of the inverter is contained in one package have been commercialized.
In this power integrated module, further improvement of the following matters is desired.
(1) High efficiency due to low loss (2) Miniaturization of module outline (3) Ease of solder mounting with pin-shaped terminals (4) Ensuring chip temperature protection with built-in temperature sensor (5) By enhancing the series Expansion of application to inverters with the same external shape (6) Higher functionality by incorporating peripheral circuit in one package
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, there has been a strong demand for further miniaturization and simplification of inverter devices. Of course, miniaturization of the device as a whole is the first issue, not to mention miniaturization of the product. Comprehensive design is important. As shown in FIG. 6, in the conventional inverter device, a charging resistor 5 and a mechanical relay 6 such as an electromagnetic switch are provided between the converter circuit unit 1 and the inverter circuit unit 2 as a circuit for suppressing the inrush current of the intermediate capacitor 4. Had been applied.
However, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the size of the device using the mechanical relay 6 such as an electromagnetic switch.
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to further reduce the size and simplification of the apparatus.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a thyristor for suppressing an inrush current of a DC intermediate capacitor is further incorporated in the power integrated module in place of the mechanical relay. This simplifies the common design required for each input voltage in the conventional mechanical relay, and enables a significant downsizing of the device. Furthermore, by using a semiconductor element and eliminating contactor contacts, it is possible to achieve high reliability, reduced noise during contact opening and closing, and suppression of inrush current upon recovery from an instantaneous power failure that cannot be handled by mechanical contacts.
[0007]
Further, by arranging the thyristor output terminal in the module in the vicinity of the DC intermediate terminal, the wiring with the converter circuit unit can be shortened, and the internal wiring impedance between the converter circuit unit and the inverter circuit unit is reduced. be able to.
Further, by mounting the thyristor chip on an insulating substrate different from the circuit substrate on which the inverter circuit portion and the dynamic brake circuit portion are mounted, the influence of heat from the inverter circuit portion and the dynamic brake circuit portion can be suppressed.
Further, the thyristor chip is mounted on an insulating substrate via a molybdenum pedestal, thereby improving the withstand voltage, reducing the thermal resistance, and relaxing the thermal stress.
Furthermore, all the terminals are arranged on the four sides of the outer peripheral edge of the module, or each pin terminal is provided in one set to increase the degree of freedom of external wiring.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the examples shown in FIGS. In each embodiment, members corresponding to those in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
1A and 1B are external views of a module according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a plan view, FIG. 1B is a side view, and FIG. 1C is a perspective view in which a central portion of FIG. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 7 denotes a module frame including side walls. Reference numeral 8 denotes a copper base. The copper base surface is placed on a heat radiating body and fixed by screwing with a screw hole 9. The terminal 10 has a pin shape so that it can be easily soldered and mounted on a printed board (not shown) placed on the terminal 10. Conventionally, the connection between the power module and the inverter peripheral circuit has been connector or soldering in the control terminal portion, and the main circuit portion terminal is mainly screwed to the bus bar or the printed board. However, in the capacity band where power integrated modules are applied, there is a strong demand for production cost reduction, and the main method is to wire both the main circuit and control circuit to the printed circuit board, and to perform the solder flow for the power modules as well. It has become to. In the embodiment of the present invention, the terminals of both the main circuit and the control circuit are arranged on the same surface, and all the terminals are arranged at the four corners. And the pin terminal of the control terminal is a gold-plated terminal of 2.54 mm pitch that can use a general-purpose connector so as to correspond to the connector connection, and is provided with a guide pin 11 for reliable mounting when the connector is mounted. .
[0009]
Of the terminals arranged at the four corners, G is a pin terminal connected to the gate of the thyristor chip 12, K is a pin terminal connected to the cathode of the thyristor chip 12, and P (A) is a thyristor. A pin terminal connected to the anode of the chip 12. Then, adjacent to the P (A) terminal and provided in the vicinity thereof is a pin terminal of P1, which is an input side terminal of the inverter circuit section. Thus, by arranging the thyristor output terminal K in the module in the vicinity of the DC intermediate terminals P (A) and P1, the wiring with the converter circuit unit can be shortened, and the converter circuit unit, the inverter circuit unit, The internal wiring impedance can be reduced.
[0010]
2A and 2B are external views of modules according to different embodiments of the present invention, in which FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a side view, and FIG. 2C is a perspective view in which a central portion of FIG. 2 is different from FIG. 1 in that two pin terminals are started up. As a result, the capacity can be increased. Further, as shown in (c), the thyristor chip 12 is mounted on the insulating substrate 14 on which the six diode chips 13 are mounted, and is separated from the substrate 15 on which the inverter circuit portion is mounted. Thus, by mounting the thyristor chip 12 on the insulating substrate 14 different from the circuit substrate 15 on which the inverter circuit portion and the dynamic brake circuit portion are mounted, the influence of heat from the inverter circuit portion and the dynamic brake circuit portion is reduced. Can be suppressed. Reference numeral 16 denotes a bonding wire for connecting each part.
[0011]
FIG. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of the module of FIGS. 1 and 2. In this circuit diagram, a thyristor 12 and a thermistor 17 for detecting the temperature in the module are newly provided. The numbers described in each part of the circuit diagram correspond to the numbers of the pin terminals described on the side wall of the module in FIGS.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a main circuit and operation waveforms of the inrush current suppression circuit. In FIG. 4, as described in FIG. 6, an intermediate capacitor is connected between the converter circuit unit and the inverter circuit unit. As a circuit for suppressing the inrush current of the intermediate capacitor, an inrush current suppressing circuit including a parallel circuit of a charging resistor and a thyristor is used. That is, at the start of the operation of the inverter device, the thyristor is not turned on and the current i1 through the charging resistor is supplied to the intermediate capacitor. Then, when a predetermined charge is accumulated in the intermediate capacitor with the current i1, the thyristor is turned on so that the current i2 (i1 >> i2) flows through the thyristor. Thereafter, the thyristor is kept conductive until the inverter device is stopped.
[0012]
5A and 5B are external views of the thyristor chip 12 incorporated in the module of FIGS. 1 and 2, wherein FIG. 5A is a plan view and FIG. 5B is a side view. In FIG. 5, 18 is a passivation film, 19 is solder, and 20 is a pedestal of molybdenum. The thyristor chip 12 includes the passivation film 18 at the outer peripheral end of the chip, but cannot ensure a sufficient withstand voltage when mounted on an insulating substrate. Accordingly, in the present invention, a molybdenum base 20 is joined to the lower surface side of the thyristor chip 12 with the solder 19 to ensure a dielectric strength with respect to the wiring pattern on the insulating substrate.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
In place of the mechanical relay, the power integrated module also has a built-in thyristor to suppress the inrush current of the DC intermediate capacitor. This simplifies the common design required for each input voltage in the conventional mechanical relay, and enables a significant downsizing of the device. Furthermore, by using a semiconductor element and eliminating contactor contacts, it is possible to achieve high reliability, reduced noise during contact opening and closing, and suppression of inrush current upon recovery from an instantaneous power failure that cannot be handled by mechanical contacts.
Further, by arranging the thyristor output terminal in the module in the vicinity of the DC intermediate terminal, the wiring with the converter circuit unit can be shortened, and the internal wiring impedance between the converter circuit unit and the inverter circuit unit is reduced. be able to.
Further, by mounting the thyristor chip on an insulating substrate different from the circuit substrate on which the inverter circuit portion and the dynamic brake circuit portion are mounted, the influence of heat from the inverter circuit portion and the dynamic brake circuit portion can be suppressed.
[0014]
Further, the thyristor chip is mounted on an insulating substrate via a molybdenum pedestal, thereby improving the withstand voltage, reducing the thermal resistance, and relaxing the thermal stress.
Furthermore, all the terminals are arranged on the four sides of the outer peripheral edge of the module, or each pin terminal is provided in one set to increase the degree of freedom of external wiring.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A is a plan view, FIG. 1B is a side view, and FIG. 1C is a perspective view in which a central portion of FIG. 2A is opened. FIGS. 3A and 3B are external views of modules of different embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 3A is a plan view, FIG. 3B is a side view, and FIG. 3C is a perspective view in which a central portion of FIG. 1 and 2 are circuit diagrams of the module of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the main circuit and operation waveforms of the inrush current suppression circuit. FIG. 5 is an outline view of the thyristor chip 12 incorporated in the module of FIGS. Yes, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a side view [Fig. 6] Circuit diagram of a voltage source inverter [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Converter circuit part 2 Inverter circuit part 3 Dynamic brake circuit part 4 Intermediate capacitor 5 Charging resistor 12 Thyristor chip

Claims (3)

In a semiconductor device in which a converter circuit unit, an inverter circuit unit, and a thyristor are built in a common frame,
The first and the DC intermediate terminal connected to the connection point with connecting one end of one end and the thyristor output of the converter circuit unit,
A thyristor output terminal connected to the thyristor;
A second DC intermediate terminal connected to one end of the input of the inverter circuit unit;
A third DC intermediate terminal connected to the other end of the output of the converter circuit unit;
A fourth direct current intermediate terminal connected to the other end of the input of the inverter circuit unit;
Are respectively derived from the outer periphery of the frame body to the outside,
The first and second DC intermediate terminals and the thyristor output terminal are arranged close to each other,
A semiconductor device, wherein the third and fourth direct current intermediate terminals are arranged close to each other. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the first to fourth direct current intermediate terminals and the thyristor output terminal are pin terminals, and other input terminals to the converter circuit unit and outputs from the inverter. Terminal and control terminal as pin terminals,
An inverter device peripheral circuit connected to the semiconductor device, and a printed circuit board on which a main circuit of the inverter is arranged, the first to fourth DC intermediate terminals, the thyristor output terminal, an input terminal to the converter circuit unit, the An inverter device characterized by being soldered together to each pin terminal of an output terminal from the inverter. The inverter device according to claim 2 , wherein each of the pin terminals of the input terminal to the converter circuit unit and the output terminal from the inverter has two terminals having the same potential arranged in parallel.

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