JP4628740B2 - Recycling method of organic waste in slaughterhouse - Google Patents
Recycling method of organic waste in slaughterhouse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4628740B2 JP4628740B2 JP2004292631A JP2004292631A JP4628740B2 JP 4628740 B2 JP4628740 B2 JP 4628740B2 JP 2004292631 A JP2004292631 A JP 2004292631A JP 2004292631 A JP2004292631 A JP 2004292631A JP 4628740 B2 JP4628740 B2 JP 4628740B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ferm
- organic
- sewage
- fermentation
- slaughterhouse
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 56
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims description 51
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 145
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 145
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 114
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 99
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 20
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 14
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 210000003736 gastrointestinal content Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 4
- 208000005881 bovine spongiform encephalopathy Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000018756 Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000005252 bulbus oculi Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000278 spinal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010241 blood sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009278 visceral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001557 animal structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002035 hexane extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000004252 protein component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012502 risk assessment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
Description
本発明は、食肉処理場における有機性汚物のリサイクル処理方法に関する。詳しくは、食肉処理場内で発生する有機性汚物を外部へ搬出せず、食肉処理場内で有用な物質に転換してリサイクルさせる方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for recycling organic waste in a slaughterhouse. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for recycling organic filth generated in a slaughterhouse to a useful substance in the slaughterhouse without carrying it out to the outside.
現在、肉用家畜のうち、牛、豚、馬、羊は、全国で２００箇所以上の食肉センターなどの食肉処理場でと殺・解体され、検査を受けた後、部分肉加工や精肉加工を経て食肉として流通している。しかし、現在の食肉処理場は、以下に説明するように、さまざまな問題を抱えている。本発明は、食肉センターなどの食肉処理場におけるこれらの問題点を解決しようとするものである。なお、本発明において、食肉処理場とは、牛、豚、馬、羊の食肉処理施設である食肉センターや食肉に供する目的で牛、馬、豚、羊、山羊などをと殺・解体すると殺場ないしと畜場と称される施設を含む家畜の食肉用処理施設の総称である。 Currently, cattle, pigs, horses, and sheep among meat livestock are killed and dismantled at slaughterhouses such as more than 200 slaughterhouses throughout the country. After that it is distributed as meat. However, current slaughterhouses have various problems, as will be explained below. The present invention seeks to solve these problems in slaughterhouses such as meat centers. In the present invention, a slaughterhouse is a slaughter / demolition of cattle, horses, pigs, sheep, goats, etc., for the purpose of serving meat or slaughterhouses for cattle, pigs, horses and sheep. It is a general term for meat processing facilities for livestock including facilities called slaughterhouses and slaughterhouses.
一般に、食肉処理場では、牛や豚などの搬入時の敷料（稲わら、おが粉など）、係留所での糞尿、解体時のはら糞、胃腸内容物、動物の内臓や血液、汚水処理の工程でスクリーンで除去されたし渣、汚水処理に使用済みの余剰汚泥など各種の有機性汚物が発生する。現状では、これら有機性汚物のうちの利用可能物は、化成処理された後、汚泥などの利用不可能物はそのまま、産業廃棄物として、最終処分地に運ばれて直接埋立処分されるか、或いは焼却処分の上焼却灰として埋立処分されるなど、場外に搬出して処分されている。 In general, in slaughterhouses, bedding for cattle and pigs (rice straw, sawdust, etc.), feces and urine at moorings, loose feces at dismantling, gastrointestinal contents, animal organs and blood, and sewage treatment In this process, various organic filths such as residue removed by screen and surplus sludge used for sewage treatment are generated. At present, the usable materials among these organic wastes are subjected to chemical conversion treatment, and then the unusable materials such as sludge are transported to the final disposal site as industrial wastes as they are. Or, it is disposed of as incinerated ash after incineration, and is carried out of the field and disposed of.
このように、従来は、食肉処理場で発生する有機性汚物は、場外において産業廃棄物として最終的に処分されるので、食肉処理業者は、産業廃棄物処理業者に委託する産業廃棄物処理費の負担が必要となる。例えば、処分単価を１トン当たり２万円としても、７００頭／日程度の処理能力の食肉処理場では、１年間で５０００万円〜６０００万円程度の処理費を要することになる。このため、食肉業界の経営は厳しい環境に直面している。 As described above, conventionally, organic waste generated in a slaughterhouse is finally disposed of as industrial waste outside the yard, so the slaughter is responsible for the industrial waste disposal cost entrusted to the industrial waste disposal contractor. Burden is required. For example, even if the disposal unit price is 20,000 yen per ton, a slaughterhouse with a processing capacity of about 700 heads / day will require processing costs of about 50 million to 60 million yen per year. For this reason, the management of the meat industry faces a tough environment.
従来、食肉センターの汚水処理施設で発生する余剰汚泥は、一部が堆肥原料として利用されてきたが、国内でのＢＳＥ（牛海綿状脳症）問題の発生以来、と畜場汚泥に関するリスク評価が決定するまでの間、牛への誤用防止措置を徹底することを前提として出荷を認められている状態にあり、結果的に汚泥の引取先が限定されつつある。 Conventionally, some of the excess sludge generated at the sewage treatment facility at the Meat Center has been used as a raw material for compost, but since the occurrence of the BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy) problem in Japan, risk assessment for slaughterhouse sludge has been decided. Until then, shipments are allowed on the premise that thorough measures to prevent misuse of cattle are used, and as a result, the destination of sludge collection is being limited.
一方、食肉処理場から排出される排水は、血液や肉片、脂肪、胃腸内容物、羽毛などを高濃度に含み、水量変動・負荷変動が大きい。また、血液を多量に含有している関係で腐敗の進行が早く、臭気が発生しやすい特徴を持っている。このような排水を公共水域又は公共下水道へ放流するために、これまでに、化学的凝集法、酸化池法、嫌気性消化法、活性汚泥法、回転円板法などさまざまな汚水浄化方法について多くの研究がなされ、実用施設が設置されているが、現在は、ほとんどの食肉センターでは、汚水処理用に活性汚泥法（生物処理法）か又は回転円板法を採用している（非特許文献１）。 On the other hand, the wastewater discharged from the slaughterhouse contains blood, meat pieces, fat, gastrointestinal contents, feathers, etc. at high concentrations, and has large fluctuations in water volume and load. In addition, since it contains a large amount of blood, it has a feature that the decay proceeds quickly and odor is likely to occur. In order to release such wastewater into public water bodies or public sewers, there have been many sewage purification methods such as chemical flocculation, oxidation pond, anaerobic digestion, activated sludge, and rotating disk. However, most meat centers currently use either the activated sludge method (biological treatment method) or the rotating disc method for sewage treatment (non-patent literature). 1).
さらに、食肉処理場での採血の技術が高くなって、現在は採血率７０％以上も可能である。しかし、採血した血液の利用に当たって、臭気対策などの設備上の問題を解決できないため、十分な需要を確保できず、技術はあっても採血しないで場内で放血し、結果的に汚水処理施設に流入させ、汚水処理の負荷を高め、汚水処理施設の大型化と運転コスト上昇及び発生汚泥量増加の大きな原因となっている。 Furthermore, the technique of blood collection at slaughterhouses has become high, and a blood collection rate of 70% or more is now possible. However, the use of the collected blood cannot solve problems in equipment such as odor countermeasures, so sufficient demand cannot be secured, and even if there is technology, the blood is discharged on-site without blood collection, resulting in a wastewater treatment facility. This increases the load of sewage treatment, which is a major cause of increasing the size of sewage treatment facilities, increasing operating costs, and increasing the amount of generated sludge.
上記のとおり、食肉処理場における廃棄物処理や汚水処理に伴う費用は、食肉産業にとって大きな経済的負担となっている。その上、産業廃棄物の最終処分場の残余の使用可能年数も全国的に逼迫しているが、建設コスト高及び建設用地の選定難などから新規の建設計画は困難になっている。そのため、食肉処理場において、産業廃棄物の排出を削減させることは、社会的な要請でもある。 As described above, the costs associated with waste treatment and sewage treatment at slaughterhouses are a significant economic burden for the meat industry. In addition, the remaining usable years of the final disposal site for industrial waste are becoming tight nationwide, but new construction plans are becoming difficult due to high construction costs and difficulty in selecting construction sites. Therefore, reducing industrial waste emissions at slaughterhouses is also a social request.
以下、従来の有機性汚物の処理方法の概念を図１に基づいて説明する。なお、図１は、汚水処理に活性汚泥法を採っている食肉処理場における有機性汚物の処理方法について例示するものである。 Hereinafter, the concept of the conventional organic waste disposal method will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, FIG. 1 illustrates about the processing method of the organic waste in the slaughterhouse which has taken the activated sludge method for sewage treatment.
＜従来の処理方法＞
（１）図１において、食肉処理場に搬入された肉用家畜（牛・豚・馬など）は、係留所に一時係留された後、解体場に運ばれ、と殺・解体される。解体によって生ずる肉、皮、その他の食用副生物は、食用肉や皮革などの原料として適宜場外へ出荷・供給される。
（２）解体に伴って発生する家畜の脳、目玉、脊髄などの特定部位は、場内の焼却炉で焼却され、その焼却灰は、産業廃棄物として場外へ搬出され、最終処分場において埋立処分されている。
（３）解体に伴って発生する家畜のはら糞、糞尿、内臓、胃腸内容物、家畜搬入時の敷料などの動物性残渣物は、有機性汚物として汚水処理で除去されたし渣や余剰汚泥と共に場外へ搬出され、最終処分場において産業廃棄物として埋立処分されている。
（４）血液を含む洗浄排水（有機性排水）は、場内の汚水処理施設へ送られ、スクリーンを通してし渣を除去し、生物処理工程に送られて活性汚泥処理された後、処理水は、公共下水道などへ放流される。
（５）汚水処理に使用済みの脱水汚泥（余剰汚泥）や汚水処理時に除去されたし渣は、やはり、有機性汚物として動物性残渣物と共に場外へ搬出され、最終処分場において産業廃棄物として埋立処分されている。
（６）牛の血液は、採血技術は向上したものの、臭気対策が十分でないこととＢＳＥ問題のため、採血せずに場内に放流することが多いが、採血したときは、これも場外へ搬出され、産業廃棄物として焼却処分されている。
<Conventional processing method>
(1) In FIG. 1, livestock for meat (such as cattle, pigs, horses, etc.) brought into the slaughterhouse are temporarily moored at the mooring station, then taken to the demolition site and killed and demolished. Meat, skin, and other edible by-products generated by dismantling are shipped and supplied as needed as raw materials for edible meat and leather.
(2) Part of the livestock brain, eyeballs, spinal cord, etc. that are generated during dismantling are incinerated in the incinerator, and the incineration ash is taken out of the field as industrial waste and landfilled at the final disposal site. Has been.
(3) Animal residues such as feces, feces, urine, internal organs, gastrointestinal contents, and litter at the time of livestock import, which are generated by dismantling, have been removed by sewage treatment as organic filth, and residue and excess sludge At the same time, it is taken out of the site and landfilled as industrial waste at the final disposal site.
(4) Washed wastewater (organic wastewater) containing blood is sent to the on-site sewage treatment facility, passed through a screen to remove residue, sent to a biological treatment process, and treated with activated sludge. Released into public sewers.
(5) Dewatered sludge used for sewage treatment (excess sludge) and sewage residue removed during sewage treatment are transported out of the field together with animal residues as organic sewage, and as industrial waste at the final disposal site. Landfilled.
(6) Although the blood collection technology has been improved, cow blood is often discharged into the field without blood collection due to inadequate odor control and BSE problems. And are incinerated as industrial waste.
このように、従来の有機性汚物の処理方法では、動物性残渣物や汚水処理済みの余剰汚泥、それに血液などから発生する臭気がひどく、食肉処理場の作業環境は劣悪である。その上、これらの有機性汚物を産業廃棄物として最終処分場に運んで埋立処分しなければならない。 As described above, in the conventional method for treating organic waste, odor generated from animal residues, wastewater-treated surplus sludge, blood and the like is severe, and the working environment of the slaughterhouse is poor. In addition, these organic wastes must be transported to the final disposal site as industrial waste and landfilled.
本発明は、食肉処理場内で発生する従来のさまざまな問題を解決しようとするものである。具体的には、本発明は、食肉処理場で発生する動物性残渣物や汚水処理済みの余剰汚泥などの有機性汚物を、場内で有用物質に変換し、産業廃棄物として場外に搬出して処分する必要がない有機性汚物の処理方法を提供することを第１の課題とする。また、本発明は、食肉センターが産業廃棄物処理業者に委託してきた産業廃棄物処理費用の削減及び汚水処理施設を運転する上での各種経費の大幅圧縮など、食肉処理場のコスト削減を可能とする有機性汚物の処理方法を提供することを第２の課題とするものである。 The present invention is intended to solve various conventional problems that occur in slaughterhouses. Specifically, the present invention converts organic waste such as animal residues generated at slaughterhouses and sewage-treated surplus sludge into useful substances in the field and transports them as industrial waste outside the field. It is a first object to provide a method for treating organic waste that does not need to be disposed of. In addition, the present invention can reduce the cost of slaughterhouses, such as reducing the cost of industrial waste processing that the Meat Center has entrusted to industrial waste processing companies and drastically reducing various expenses in operating the sewage treatment facility. A second problem is to provide a method for treating organic waste.
上記の課題を解決するための本発明のうち、特許請求の範囲・請求項１に記載する発明は、食肉処理場において、産業廃棄物として廃棄している有機性汚物に好気性高温菌の発酵生成物を添加・混合して混合物とし、この混合物を原料として通気発酵を行ない、得られた発酵生成物の一部を場内の汚水処理施設に送って汚水の浄化に使用すると共に、残りの発酵生成物を別の有機性汚物に加えて混合物とし、この混合物を原料として次回の通気発酵を行ない、以下同様にして有機性汚物の処理を繰り返す食肉処理場における有機性汚物のリサイクル処理方法である。 Among the present inventions for solving the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claims 1 and 2 is directed to fermentation of aerobic thermophilic bacteria to organic waste disposed as industrial waste in a slaughterhouse. Products are added and mixed to form a mixture, and this mixture is used as a raw material for aeration fermentation. A portion of the obtained fermentation product is sent to an on-site sewage treatment facility for purification of sewage and the remaining fermentation. This is a recycling method for organic waste in a slaughterhouse where the product is added to another organic waste to make a mixture, the next aeration fermentation is performed using this mixture as a raw material, and the treatment of organic waste is repeated in the same manner. .
同請求項２に記載する発明は、有機性汚物が、動物性残渣物、特定部位の焼却灰、採血した血液、汚水処理時に除去されたし渣、汚水処理済みの余剰汚泥のうちの１種以上で構成されたものである請求項１に記載の有機性汚物のリサイクル処理方法である。 The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that the organic waste is one of animal residues, incinerated ash at a specific site, blood collected, residue removed during sewage treatment, and excess sludge after sewage treatment. 2. The organic waste recycling method according to claim 1, which is configured as described above.
同請求項３に記載する発明は、有機性汚物の発酵処理を場内に設けた発酵施設で行なう請求項１又は２に記載の有機性汚物のリサイクル処理方法である。 The invention described in claim 3 is the organic waste recycling method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fermentation treatment of organic waste is performed in a fermentation facility provided in the field.
同請求項４に記載する発明は、汚水処理において、浄化対象の汚水が動物の血液を含む排水である請求項１から３のいずれかに記載の有機性汚物のリサイクル処理方法である。 The invention described in claim 4 is the organic filth recycling method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sewage to be purified is wastewater containing animal blood.
同請求項５に記載する発明は、汚水処理施設において浄化対象の汚水を好気性高温菌の発酵生成物に接触させた後、活性汚泥処理をする請求項１から４のいずれかに記載の有機性汚物のリサイクル処理方法である。 The invention according to claim 5 is the organic sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the activated sludge treatment is performed after contacting the sewage to be purified with the fermentation product of the aerobic thermophilic bacteria in the sewage treatment facility. This is a method for recycling filthous waste.
同請求項６に記載する発明は、浄化対象の汚水を、無数の微細な通気路もしくは通気孔を有する多数の濾材又は無数の微細な通気路もしくは通気孔を有する立体網目構造体と共に好気性高温菌の発酵生成物を封入したリアクター内を通気しながら循環させた後、活性汚泥処理をする請求項５に記載の有機性汚物のリサイクル処理方法である。 In the invention described in claim 6, the sewage to be purified is treated with an aerobic high temperature together with a large number of filter media having numerous fine air passages or vent holes or a three-dimensional network structure having an infinite number of fine air passages or vent holes. The organic waste recycling method according to claim 5, wherein the activated sludge treatment is performed after circulating the inside of the reactor enclosing the fermentation product of the fungus while aeration.
同請求項７に記載する発明は、請求項１から６のいずれかに記載の処理方法において、下記の菌群から選ばれる少なくとも１種以上の好気性高温菌を種菌とする発酵生成物を用いる食肉処理場における有機性汚物のリサイクル処理方法である。
記
独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所特許生物寄託センター受託番号FERM P-15085、
同FERM P-15086、同FERM P-15087、同FERM P-15536、同FERM P-15537、
同FERM P-15538、同FERM P-15539、同FERM P-15540、同FERM P-15541、
同FERM P-15542、同FERM P-18598、同FERM P-19412、同FERM P-19413、
同FERM P-19414、同FERM P-19415
The invention described in claim 7 uses, in the treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, a fermentation product in which at least one aerobic thermophilic bacterium selected from the group of bacteria described below is used as an inoculum. This is a method for recycling organic waste in slaughterhouses.
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Patent Biological Deposit Center Accession Number FERM P-15085,
FERM P-15086, FERM P-15087, FERM P-15536, FERM P-15537,
FERM P-15538, FERM P-15539, FERM P-15540, FERM P-15541,
FERM P-15542, FERM P-18598, FERM P-19412, FERM P-19413,
FERM P-19414, FERM P-19415
同請求項８に記載する発明は、請求項１から７のいずれかに記載の処理方法において、有機性汚物の処理を全て食肉処理場内で行なって、有機性汚物を場外へ搬出しないこととする有機性汚物のリサイクル処理方法である。 The invention described in claim 8 is the processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the organic filth is all processed in the slaughterhouse, and the organic filth is not carried out of the field. This is a method for recycling organic waste.
本発明の方法は、食肉処理場において、従来から産業廃棄物として廃棄していた有機性汚物を、場内で処理し、場外に搬出しない。そのため、有機性汚物による環境汚染のおそれがなくなると共に、有機性汚物を埋め立てる必要がなくなる。よって、ＢＳＥのような問題が起こっても、有機性汚物を場外に搬出しないのであるから、公害の生ずるおそれがない。しかも、本発明の方法は、有機性汚物の処理コストを著しく削減できる。その上、有機性汚物は、好気性高温菌の働きによって９０℃以上の高温で発酵処理されるので、有害な雑菌や種子類が混入していたとしても全て死滅され、雑菌などによる汚染の心配がない発酵生成物が得られる。また、本発明の方法は、と殺した家畜の血液を有用発酵生成物の原料として使用できるので、場内に放血しなくて済む。よって、場内の汚水処理施設の負荷を軽減し、運転コストを低減できると共に、食肉処理場からの放流水の浄化・脱臭・減容を可能にする。さらに、本発明の方法は、食肉処理場全体に漂う特有の臭気を除去・軽減できる。 The method of the present invention treats organic filth that has been conventionally discarded as industrial waste in a slaughterhouse, and does not carry it out of the field. Therefore, there is no risk of environmental pollution due to organic waste, and there is no need to reclaim organic waste. Therefore, even if a problem such as BSE occurs, since organic waste is not carried out of the field, there is no possibility of causing pollution. Moreover, the method of the present invention can significantly reduce the cost of treating organic waste. In addition, organic soil is fermented at a high temperature of 90 ° C or higher due to the action of aerobic thermophilic bacteria, so even if harmful germs and seeds are mixed, they are all killed and there is a concern about contamination by germs. A fermentation product free of In addition, the method of the present invention can use blood of killed livestock as a raw material for useful fermentation products, so that it is not necessary to exhale blood in the field. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the load on the sewage treatment facility in the site, reduce the operating cost, and to purify, deodorize, and reduce the volume of discharged water from the slaughterhouse. Furthermore, the method of the present invention can remove / reduce the characteristic odor drifting throughout the slaughterhouse.
本発明による効果を整理すると、食肉処理場において、（ａ）有機性汚物を「完全に場内で処理する」ことにより環境汚染の懸念解消、（ｂ）有機性汚物の外部処理委託費用の低減、（ｃ）場内の臭気の改善、（ｄ）場内の汚水処理施設の負荷の低減、（ｅ）場内の汚水処理施設の運転コストの削減、（ｆ）余剰汚泥の発生量の縮減などを挙げることができる。 When the effects of the present invention are arranged, in the slaughterhouse, (a) environmental pollution is eliminated by “processing the organic filth completely in the premises”, (b) reduction of outsourcing costs for organic filth, (C) Improving on-site odor, (d) Reducing the load on the sewage treatment facility, (e) Reducing the operating cost of the sewage treatment facility on the site, (f) Reducing the amount of excess sludge generated, etc. Can do.
本発明の説明において「動物性残渣物」とは、食肉処理場で処理する家畜（牛、豚、馬など）の搬入時の敷料（稲わら、おが粉など）、係留所での糞尿、解体時のはら糞、胃腸内容物、採血した血液、汚水処理の工程でスクリーンなどで除去されるし渣、と殺した家畜の脳や脊椎など特定部位の焼却灰、その他の動物由来の汚物のことをいう。また、本発明の説明において「汚水処理済みの余剰汚泥」とは、食肉処理場内の汚水処理施設で汚水の浄化に使用した後の活性汚泥のことをいう。さらに、「有機性汚物」とは、動物性残渣物と汚水処理済みの余剰汚泥や汚水処理時に除去されたし渣などを併せた、食肉処理場で発生する有機性産業廃棄物の総称である。 In the description of the present invention, “animal residue” refers to a litter (rice straw, sawdust, etc.) at the time of delivery of livestock (cow, pig, horse, etc.) to be treated at a slaughterhouse, manure at a mooring station, Stomach feces, gastrointestinal contents, blood collected, debris removed with a screen in the sewage treatment process, incineration ash from specific areas such as the brain and spine of killed livestock, and other animal-derived filth That means. In the description of the present invention, “excess sludge treated with sewage” refers to activated sludge after being used for purification of sewage at a sewage treatment facility in a slaughterhouse. “Organic waste” is a general term for organic industrial waste generated at slaughterhouses, including animal residues, surplus sludge that has been treated with sewage, and residue removed during sewage treatment. .
以下、本発明に係る有機性汚物の処理方法の概念を図２に基づいて説明する。なお、図２は、汚水処理に活性汚泥法を採っている食肉処理場における有機性汚物の処理方法について例示するものである。 Hereinafter, the concept of the organic waste disposal method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, FIG. 2 illustrates about the processing method of the organic filth in the slaughterhouse which has taken the activated sludge method for sewage treatment.
＜本発明の処理方法＞
（１）図２において、食肉処理場に搬入された肉用家畜（牛・豚・馬など）は、係留所に一時係留された後、解体場に運ばれ、と殺・解体される。解体によって生ずる肉、皮、その他の食用副生物は、食用肉や皮革などの原料として適宜場外へ出荷・供給される。
（２）解体に伴って発生する家畜の脳、目玉、脊髄などの特定部位は、場内の焼却炉で焼却される。ここまでは、従来の処理方法と同じであるが、その焼却灰は場外へ搬出せず、他の有機性汚物と共に食肉処理場内に設けた発酵施設へ移して有用発酵生成物（好気性高温菌の発酵生成物）を作る原料の一つとする。
（３）家畜搬入時の敷料、解体に伴って発生する家畜のはら糞、糞尿、内臓、胃腸内容物などの動物性残渣物は、場外へ搬出せず、他の有機性汚物と共に場内に設けた発酵施設へ移して有用発酵生成物を作る原料の一つとする。
（４）血液を含む洗浄排水（有機性排水）は、場内の汚水処理施設へ送って、まず、スクリーンを通して固形状のし渣を除去した後、有用発酵生成物、すなわち、好気性高温菌の発酵生成物を封入してあるリアクター内を循環させるなどの方法で有用発酵生成物に十分に接触させた後、生物処理工程に送って活性汚泥処理する。そうすると、汚水の浄化・脱臭の程度が上がる上、汚水処理に使用した後の脱水汚泥（余剰汚泥）の発生量が少なくなる。浄化した水は、公共下水道などへ放流することができる。
（５）汚水処理済みの余剰汚泥や汚水処理時に除去されたし渣は、有機性汚物として場内に設けた発酵施設へ移して有用発酵生成物を作る原料の一つとする。
（６）牛の血液などを採血したときは、これも場内に設けた発酵施設へ移して有用発酵生成物を作る原料の一つとする。このように、と殺した家畜の血液を場内に放血しないで採血し、汚水とは別に処理することによって、汚水処理施設にかかる負荷を大きく軽減できる。この場合、採血した後、タンクなどに血液を貯留したときは臭気がひどくなるが、貯留血液に有用発酵生成物（好気性高温菌の発酵生成物）を添加・混合してから発酵施設へ移すと、臭気を著しく抑えることができる。
<The processing method of this invention>
(1) In FIG. 2, livestock for meat (such as cattle, pigs, horses, etc.) carried into the slaughterhouse are temporarily moored at the mooring station, then taken to the demolition site and killed and demolished. Meat, skin, and other edible by-products generated by dismantling are shipped and supplied as needed as raw materials for edible meat and leather.
(2) Specific parts such as the brain, eyeballs, and spinal cord of livestock that are generated during dismantling are incinerated in an incinerator on site. Up to this point, it is the same as the conventional treatment method, but the incinerated ash is not carried out of the field, but is transferred to a fermentation facility provided in the slaughterhouse along with other organic wastes (aerobic thermophilic bacteria). Of fermentation products).
(3) Litter when livestock is brought in, animal residues such as feces, feces, urine, internal organs and gastrointestinal contents of livestock that are generated by dismantling are not taken out of the field and provided with other organic waste in the field. One of the raw materials to make a useful fermentation product.
(4) Washed wastewater (organic wastewater) containing blood is sent to an on-site sewage treatment facility, and after removing solid residue through a screen, useful fermentation products, that is, aerobic thermophilic bacteria, After sufficiently contacting the useful fermentation product by a method such as circulating in the reactor in which the fermentation product is enclosed, the product is sent to a biological treatment process to be treated with activated sludge. This increases the degree of purification and deodorization of sewage, and reduces the amount of dewatered sludge (excess sludge) after use in sewage treatment. The purified water can be discharged into public sewers.
(5) The surplus sludge that has been treated with sewage and the residue removed during the sewage treatment are transferred to a fermentation facility in the plant as organic sewage to be one of the raw materials for producing useful fermentation products.
(6) When collecting blood of cattle, etc., it is also transferred to a fermentation facility provided on site to make a useful fermentation product. In this way, by collecting the blood of the killed livestock without releasing it into the field and processing it separately from the sewage, the load on the sewage treatment facility can be greatly reduced. In this case, when blood is collected in a tank or the like after blood collection, the odor becomes severe, but after adding useful fermentation products (fermented products of aerobic thermophilic bacteria) to the stored blood, it is transferred to a fermentation facility. And odor can be remarkably suppressed.
（７）また、食肉処理場内の通路、排水孔、排水溝などに有用発酵生成物を散布すると、食肉センター特有の臭気を消滅・軽減することができる。この場合、粉末状の有用発酵生成物を直接散布してもよく、あらかじめ適当量を水に溶解させて培地液を作り、散布してもよい。食肉センターの通路や作業場の床面などは、動物性油脂分によって滑りやすく、歩行や作業に当たって危険が伴っているが、この培地液を散布することによって滑りの危険が解消され、また、臭気も除去できる。
（８）このように、場内に設けた発酵施設へ、特定部位の焼却灰、家畜搬入時の敷料、家畜の内臓、はら糞、胃腸内容物などの動物性残渣物、汚水処理時に除去されたし渣、汚水処理済みの余剰汚泥、それに採血したときの血液など全ての有機性汚物を集めて、これに好気性高温菌の発酵生成物からなる有用発酵生成物を加えて混合物を作り、この混合物を原料として通気発酵をおこなう。発酵施設の各仕切り区画（発酵槽）内の混合物を何度も切り返し（攪拌）をしながら通気を続けると、やがて、さらさらした粉末状の有用発酵生成物が得られるので、その時点で発酵を終了する。
（９）得られた有用発酵生成物の一部は、場内の汚水処理施設に設けたリアクターなどへ送って汚水と接触させ、汚水の浄化に用いる。また、上記のとおり、場内に散布したり、採血した血液に添加・混合して、臭気の抑制に用いることもできる。
（10）残りの有用発酵生成物は、発酵槽に残して次回の発酵の種菌として使用する。すなわち、有用発酵生成物は、次回に発酵処理するため、発酵施設へ送られてきた特定部位の焼却灰、内臓やはら糞、血液や胃腸内容物などの動物性残渣物、汚水処理時に除去されたし渣、汚水処理済みの余剰汚泥など一切の有機性汚物と混合して混合物となし、再び通気発酵をおこなう。発酵によって生成される有用発酵生成物は、一部を汚水処理に使用し、また、必要に応じて場内に散布したり、採血した血液に添加するなど臭気の抑制に用い、残りは、次々回の発酵に用いる。以降はこのサイクルを繰り返すことで、有機性汚物を場外へ搬出せずに処理し続けることができる。なお、この発酵処理コストは、従来の産業廃棄物処理費用に比べると、きわめて安価である。
(7) Moreover, if useful fermentation products are sprayed on the passages, drain holes, drain grooves, etc. in the slaughterhouse, the odor peculiar to the meat center can be eliminated or reduced. In this case, the powdered useful fermentation product may be directly sprayed, or an appropriate amount may be dissolved in water in advance to make a medium solution and sprayed. Meat center passages and workplace floors are slippery due to animal oils and fats, and there is a danger in walking and working, but by spraying this medium solution, the risk of slipping is eliminated, and odor is also present. Can be removed.
(8) As described above, the incineration ash at the specific site, the litter when bringing livestock, the internal organs of livestock, animal waste such as gastrointestinal contents, gastrointestinal contents, and the like were removed during the treatment of sewage Collect all organic filth such as slag, sewage-treated surplus sludge, and blood collected, and add a useful fermentation product consisting of fermentation products of aerobic thermophilic bacteria to make a mixture. Aeration fermentation is performed using the mixture as a raw material. If the mixture in each partition section (fermenter) of the fermentation facility is continuously aerated while being repeatedly turned (stirred), a free-flowing, useful powdered fermentation product will eventually be obtained. finish.
(9) A part of the obtained useful fermentation product is sent to a reactor or the like provided in the sewage treatment facility on the site to be brought into contact with sewage and used for purification of sewage. Moreover, as above-mentioned, it can also be used for suppression of an odor by spraying in the place or adding and mixing to the collected blood.
(10) The remaining useful fermentation product is left in the fermentor and used as an inoculum for the next fermentation. In other words, useful fermentation products are removed at the time of sewage treatment, incinerated ash, visceral and loose feces, animal residues such as blood and gastrointestinal contents, etc. sent to the fermentation facility for the next fermentation treatment. Mix with all organic waste such as residue and excess sewage sludge to make a mixture, and perform aerated fermentation again. Useful fermentation products produced by fermentation are partly used for sewage treatment, and are used to control odors such as spraying in the field or adding to the collected blood as needed. Used for fermentation. Thereafter, by repeating this cycle, it is possible to continue processing the organic waste without carrying it out of the field. In addition, this fermentation processing cost is very cheap compared with the conventional industrial waste processing cost.
本発明では、発酵処理によって有用発酵生成物が得られるまで数十日を要するが、その間、原料である有機性汚物は好気性高温菌の働きによって９０℃以上の高温で処理されるので、通常の発酵処理では分解が困難な家畜の爪や毛などのタンパク質成分も完全に発酵分解できる。また、大腸菌などの雑菌も死滅・減少することが確認されている。 In the present invention, it takes several tens of days until a useful fermentation product is obtained by the fermentation treatment, but during that time, the organic waste as a raw material is treated at a high temperature of 90 ° C. or more by the action of aerobic thermophilic bacteria. Protein components such as nails and hair of livestock that are difficult to decompose by this fermentation process can be completely fermented and decomposed. In addition, it has been confirmed that germs such as Escherichia coli are killed and reduced.
食肉センターの汚水処理施設をはじめ一般の汚水処理施設では、放流基準の１項目として大腸菌群数の規制があるため、液状又は固形状の塩素系の消毒剤が用いられている。しかし、本発明によれば、浄化済みの放流水中の大腸菌群などの雑菌を減少できるので、このような消毒剤の使用量を大幅に削減でき、この面からも汚水処理の所要コストを低減できる。 In general sewage treatment facilities such as a sewage treatment facility at a meat center, a liquid or solid chlorine-based disinfectant is used because the number of coliforms is regulated as one item of the discharge standard. However, according to the present invention, germs such as coliform bacteria in the clarified effluent can be reduced, so that the amount of such disinfectant used can be greatly reduced, and the cost required for sewage treatment can be reduced from this aspect as well. .
本発明において、汚水処理施設では、浄化対象の汚水と有用発酵生成物とは適宜の方法で接触させる方法を採って差し支えない。好ましくは、多数の微細な通気路又は通気孔を有する濾材と粉末状の有用発酵生成物を封入したリアクターに通気しながら汚水を送り込んで有用発酵生成物と接触させる方法を採ればよく、さらに、好ましくは、このリアクター内に汚水を循環させ、有用発酵生成物と十分に接触させる方法を採ればよい。また、別の方法として、汚水処理槽を設けて通気すると共にその中に布袋に入れた有用発酵生成物を投入して汚水を通過又は循環させる方法を採ってもよい。
なお、発酵施設において、原料（有機性汚物）に好気性高温菌の発酵生成物を加えて、この混合物に通気発酵をおこない、有用発酵生成物に変換する方法の詳細は以下に詳しく説明する。
In the present invention, the sewage treatment facility may employ a method of bringing the sewage to be purified and the useful fermentation product into contact with each other by an appropriate method. Preferably, a method may be adopted in which sewage is sent into contact with the useful fermentation product while ventilating the reactor in which the filter medium having a large number of fine air passages or ventilation holes and the powdered useful fermentation product is enclosed, and further, Preferably, a method may be employed in which sewage is circulated in the reactor and sufficiently brought into contact with useful fermentation products. As another method, a sewage treatment tank may be provided and ventilated, and a useful fermentation product placed in a cloth bag may be introduced into the sewage to pass or circulate.
In addition, the details of the method of adding a fermentation product of an aerobic thermophilic bacterium to a raw material (organic soil) in a fermentation facility, subjecting this mixture to aeration fermentation, and converting the mixture into a useful fermentation product will be described in detail below.
本発明で用いる「好気性高温菌」と「好気性高温菌の発酵生成物」（有用発酵生成物）について詳しく説明する。本発明で用いる好気性高温菌とは、好気性バクテリア、すなわち、空気の存在する高温下で活発に活動する菌のことをいう。本発明では、好気性高温菌であれば菌種を問わず使用できる。本発明において、好気性高温菌としては、無用の有害菌などを死滅させることができるので、至適活動温度、すなわち、発酵作用などの菌の活動に最適な温度帯を８０℃以上、好ましくは８５℃以上とする好気性高温菌（好気性超高温菌と称されることもある。）を用いることが好ましい。本発明では、好気性高温菌の単体の他、その混合菌体又はこれらの菌体培養物も好適に使用できる。 “Aerobic thermophilic bacteria” and “fermented products of aerobic thermophilic bacteria” (useful fermentation products) used in the present invention will be described in detail. The aerobic thermophilic bacterium used in the present invention refers to an aerobic bacterium, that is, a bacterium that actively acts at a high temperature in the presence of air. In the present invention, any aerobic thermophilic bacteria can be used regardless of the bacterial species. In the present invention, as an aerobic thermophilic bacterium, useless harmful bacteria and the like can be killed. Therefore, the optimum activity temperature, that is, the optimum temperature range for microbial activity such as fermentation, is 80 ° C. or higher, preferably It is preferable to use an aerobic thermophilic bacterium (sometimes referred to as an aerobic hyperthermophilic bacterium) of 85 ° C. or higher. In the present invention, in addition to a single aerobic thermophilic bacterium, a mixed microbial cell or a culture of these microbial cells can be preferably used.
本発明で用いる好気性高温菌の発酵生成物（有用発酵生成物）とは、好気性高温菌又はその混合菌体を有機物原料に添加して通気発酵をおこなうことによって得られるコンポスト状の発酵生成物（及びこの発酵生成物をさらに有機物原料に添加して通気発酵をおこなって製したコンポスト状の発酵生成物）のことをいい、通常は、粉末状又は顆粒状を呈している。 The fermentation product (useful fermentation product) of the aerobic thermophilic bacterium used in the present invention is a composted fermentation product obtained by adding aerobic thermophilic bacterium or a mixed microbial cell thereof to an organic material and performing aeration fermentation. Product (and compost-like fermentation product produced by adding a fermented product to an organic material and subjecting it to aeration fermentation), usually in the form of powder or granules.
本発明において、好気性高温菌の中でも特に好適に使用できる菌は、本発明者らの一人が鹿児島県姶良郡牧園町の霧島火山帯の土壌から採取して独立行政法人産業技術研究所の特許生物寄託センターに寄託している以下の菌群の中から選択される少なくとも１種の好気性菌又はこれらの混合菌体である。本発明者らは、これら好適な好気性高温菌のことを特に「ＹＭ菌」（登録商標）と称している。
（１）バチルス属に属する菌で特許第３０６４２２１号として特許されている受託番号FERM P-15085（通称:YM-01）、FERM P-15086（同:YM-02）及びFERM P-15087（同:YM-03）。（２）バチルス属に属する菌で特許第３４３６８５９号として特許されている受託番号FERM P-15536（通称:YM-04）、FERM P-15537（同:YM-05）、FERM P-15538（同:YM-06）、FERM P-15539（通称:YM-07）、FERM P-15540（同:YM-08）、FERM P-15541（同:YM-09）及びFERM P-15542（同:YM-10）。
（３）カルドトリックス属に属する菌で特願２００１−３９１５６１号として特許出願中である受託番号FERM P-18598（カルドトリックス・サツマエ:YM081）。
（４）カルドトリックス属に属する菌で特願２００３−１８１２８２号として特許出願中である受託番号FERM P-19412（カルドトリックス・サツマエ:YM803）、FERM P-19413（カルドトリックス・サツマエ:YM811） 及び、FERM P-19414（カルドトリックス・サツマエ:YM811）、FERM P-19415（カルドトリックス・サツマエ:YM813）。
In the present invention, among the aerobic thermophilic bacteria, a bacteria that can be used particularly preferably is one of the present inventors who has been collected from the soil of the Kirishima volcanic zone in Makino-cho, Aira-gun, Kagoshima Prefecture, and is a patent of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. It is at least one aerobic bacterium selected from the following fungal group deposited at the biological deposit center or a mixed microbial cell thereof. The inventors have specifically referred to these preferred aerobic thermophilic bacteria as "YM bacteria" (registered trademark).
(1) Accession numbers FERM P-15085 (common name: YM-01), FERM P-15086 (same: YM-02) and FERM P-15087 (same as patents No. 3064221) belonging to the genus Bacillus : YM-03). (2) Accession numbers FERM P-15536 (common name: YM-04), FERM P-15537 (same: YM-05), FERM P-15538 (same : YM-06), FERM P-15539 (common name: YM-07), FERM P-15540 (same as YM-08), FERM P-15541 (same as YM-09) and FERM P-15542 (same as YM) -Ten).
(3) Accession No. FERM P-18598 (Caldricks Satsumae: YM081), which is a patent belonging to Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-391561, belonging to the genus Cardotrix.
(4) Accession Nos. FERM P-19412 (Caldricks satsumae: YM803), FERM P-19413 (Caldricks satsumae: YM811), which have been applied for patent as Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-181282 in bacteria belonging to the genus Cardotrix , FERM P-19414 (Caldricks Satsumae: YM811), FERM P-19415 (Caldricks Satsumae: YM813).
本発明で用いる好気性高温菌の発酵生成物（有用発酵生成物）は、例えば、以下のようにして製造する。
好気性菌又はその混合菌体を含む土壌を採取して、これに蔗糖溶液などを加えて高温下で通気しながら発酵させて菌体を培養し、好気性高温菌の培養物を作る。得られた好気性高温菌の培養物は、発酵生成物としてそのまま使用してもよいが、本発明では、この好気性高温菌の培養物を有機物原料、例えば、生汚泥や植物性廃棄物などと混合してさらに通気して発酵させ（この過程で、好気性高温菌の発熱によって有機物原料中の雑菌や種子類を死滅させることができる。）、本発明で用いる好気性高温菌の発酵生成物を得る。好気性高温菌の発酵生成物は、コンポスト（肥料）として使用できる程度に完熟させ、粉末状又は顆粒状に製しておくことが好ましい。
The fermentation product (useful fermentation product) of the aerobic thermophilic bacterium used in the present invention is produced, for example, as follows.
A soil containing aerobic bacteria or mixed cells thereof is collected, a sucrose solution or the like is added thereto, fermented while aerated at high temperature, and cultured to produce a culture of aerobic thermophilic bacteria. The obtained culture of aerobic thermophilic bacteria may be used as it is as a fermentation product, but in the present invention, the culture of aerobic thermophilic bacteria is used as an organic material, for example, raw sludge, plant waste, etc. And then aerated and fermented (in this process, the bacteria and seeds in the organic material can be killed by the heat generated by the aerobic thermophilic bacteria), and the aerobic thermophilic bacteria used in the present invention are fermented. Get things. The fermentation product of the aerobic thermophilic bacterium is preferably matured to such an extent that it can be used as compost (fertilizer), and is preferably made into a powder or granule.
以下、好気性高温菌の発酵生成物（有用発酵生成物）の製造方法の一例について説明する。まず、有機物原料、例えば、動物や人間の糞尿、動物の内蔵・血液などの動物性残渣物や生汚泥に好気性菌又はこれらの混合菌体の培養物を添加して混合する。混合比率は有機物原料６０〜５０重量部に対して好気性菌の培養物４０〜５０重量部であることが好ましい。この混合物の適量を発酵槽に堆積して、槽の底の方から空気を十分に吹き込みながら通気発酵をおこなう。通気を続けていると、最初は常温であった混合物が１日ないし数日後には８０〜９０℃に昇温する。この温度下に５〜７日間放置して通気を続けると温度が低下し始めるので、その時点で最初の切返し（攪拌）をおこなう。以後は、この放置と切返しを３〜８回程度繰り返して行ない、およそ２０〜５０日の間、好ましくは３０日間以上、通気しながら発酵を続けると、温度が上がらなくなり、さらさらした乾燥状態の発酵生成物が得られる。これが、本発明の「好気性高温菌の発酵生成物」である。この発酵生成物を所要に応じてふるい分けした後、カリウム分を補充するなど所要の養分調整を行なえば、完熟肥料として仕上げることができる。すなわち、本発明で用いる好気性高温菌の発酵生成物は、通常、茶色の粉末状ないし顆粒状を呈しており、有機肥料の有用な基材として使用できるものである。本発明者らは「ＹＭ菌」（登録商標）の発酵生成物のことを特に「ＹＭ肥料」と称している。 Hereinafter, an example of the manufacturing method of the fermentation product (useful fermentation product) of aerobic thermophilic bacteria is demonstrated. First, an aerobic bacterium or a culture of these mixed cells is added to and mixed with an organic raw material, for example, animal residue such as animal or human feces, animal built-in or blood, or raw sludge. The mixing ratio is preferably 40 to 50 parts by weight of an aerobic culture with respect to 60 to 50 parts by weight of the organic material. An appropriate amount of this mixture is deposited in a fermenter, and aeration fermentation is performed while air is sufficiently blown from the bottom of the vessel. If the aeration is continued, the temperature of the mixture, which was initially at room temperature, is raised to 80 to 90 ° C. after 1 to several days. If the aeration is continued for 5 to 7 days under this temperature, the temperature starts to decrease. At that time, the first turning (stirring) is performed. Thereafter, this standing and turning are repeated about 3 to 8 times, and if the fermentation is continued with aeration for about 20 to 50 days, preferably 30 days or more, the temperature will not rise, and the fermentation will be dry and dry. A product is obtained. This is the “aerobic thermophilic fermentation product” of the present invention. The fermented product can be finished as a fully fertilized fertilizer by performing necessary nutrient adjustments such as supplementing potassium after sieving the fermentation product as required. That is, the fermentation product of the aerobic thermophilic bacterium used in the present invention usually exhibits a brown powder or granule and can be used as a useful base material for organic fertilizer. The present inventors particularly refer to the fermentation product of “YM fungus” (registered trademark) as “YM fertilizer”.
上記のようにして製した有用発酵生成物には、好気性高温菌を乾物１ｇ当たりで約１０億個以上含んでいる。したがって、この発酵生成物は、有機性物質に対して強い分解力を有する。また、同じ発酵槽で前回に製造した発酵生成物を槽内に一部残しておいて、これを次回の発酵の種菌（又は種菌の一部）として有機物原料に添加して発酵を繰り返すことによって、本発明で用いる「好気性高温菌の発酵生成物」（有用発酵生成物）を容易に入手できる。 The useful fermentation product produced as described above contains about 1 billion or more aerobic thermophilic bacteria per gram of dry matter. Therefore, this fermentation product has a strong decomposability for organic substances. In addition, by leaving a part of the fermentation product previously produced in the same fermentor in the tank, adding this to the organic material as an inoculum for the next fermentation (or a part of the inoculum), and repeating the fermentation The “fermented product of aerobic thermophilic bacteria” (useful fermentation product) used in the present invention can be easily obtained.
＜本発明による食肉処理場における有機性汚物のリサイクル処理の一例＞
以下、本発明の実施例として、場内に、発酵施設と共に、１０００ｍ３/日の処理能力を有する汚水処理施設を備え、１日平均で牛７０頭、豚４８０頭を処理する食肉センターに本発明に係る有機性汚物のリサイクル処理方法を導入したときの、有機性汚物の発生と処理の状況について説明する。なお、以下の数値は、連続５０日間の平均値である。
<An example of organic waste recycling in a slaughterhouse according to the present invention>
Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, a meat center that has a wastewater treatment facility having a processing capacity of 1000 m 3 / day together with a fermentation facility and treats 70 cows and 480 pigs on average per day is included in the present invention. The situation of the generation and treatment of organic waste when such a method for recycling organic waste is introduced will be described. The following numerical values are average values for 50 consecutive days.
（１）この食肉センターでは、１日に牛７０頭、豚４８０頭を処理するので、１日に、家畜搬入時の敷料、家畜のはら糞、糞尿、内臓、胃腸内容物などの動物性残渣物（含水率６９．６０％）は１．５９トン、家畜の脳、目玉、脊髄などの特定部位（危険部位：含水率７５．００％）は１．１０トン、採血した牛の血液（含水率８５．００％）は２．９７トン、それぞれ発生する。
（２）特定部位の汚物（１．１０トン）は、場内に設けた焼却炉に送って焼却するので、１日に焼却灰０．０３トンが発生する。
（３）動物性残渣物（１．５９トン）は、場外へ搬出せず、他の有機性汚物と共に場内に設けた発酵施設へ移して有用発酵生成物を作る原料の一つとする。
（４）採血した牛の血液（２．９７トン）は、これも場外へ搬出せず、他の有機性汚物と共に場内に設けた発酵施設へ移して有用発酵生成物を作る原料の一つとする。このように血液を採血して処理することにより、汚水処理施設にかかる負荷を著しく軽減できる。
（５）家畜の解体に伴って発生する洗浄排水（有機性排水：血液の一部を含む）は、場内に設けた汚水処理施設へ送り、まず、スクリーンによって固形状のし渣（含水率７９．００％）２．０５トンを除去する。除去されたし渣は、他の有機性汚物と共に場内に設けた発酵施設へ移して有用発酵生成物を作る原料の一つとする。
（６）し渣を除去した後の汚水は、好気性高温菌の発酵生成物を封入してあるリアクター内を循環させ、有用発酵生成物に十分に接触させた後、生物処理工程に送って活性汚泥処理する。そうすると、汚水の浄化・脱臭の程度が上がる上、汚水処理に使用した後の脱水汚泥（余剰汚泥）の発生量が少なくなる。浄化した水は、公共下水道などへ放流することができる。
(1) Since this meat center processes 70 cattle and 480 pigs a day, animal residues such as bedding when bringing livestock, livestock dung, manure, internal organs, gastrointestinal contents, etc. 1.59 tons for water (water content 69.60%), 1.10 tons for specific parts (risk part: water content 75.00%) of livestock brain, eyeball, spinal cord, etc. (Rate 85.00%) is 2.97 tons.
(2) Since the filth (1.10 tons) at a specific site is sent to an incinerator installed in the site and incinerated, 0.03 tons of incineration ash is generated per day.
(3) Animal residue (1.59 tons) is not carried out of the field, but is transferred to a fermentation facility provided in the field together with other organic filth as one of the raw materials for producing useful fermentation products.
(4) The collected bovine blood (2.97 tons) is not carried out of the field, and is transferred to a fermentation facility provided in the field together with other organic filth to be one of the raw materials for producing useful fermentation products. . By collecting and processing blood in this way, the load on the sewage treatment facility can be significantly reduced.
(5) Washing wastewater (organic wastewater: including a part of blood) generated with the dismantling of livestock is sent to a sewage treatment facility provided in the field. .00%) to remove 2.05 tons. The removed residue is transferred to a fermentation facility installed in the plant together with other organic wastes, and is used as one of raw materials for producing a useful fermentation product.
(6) The sewage after removing the residue is circulated in the reactor in which the fermentation product of the aerobic thermophilic bacteria is enclosed, and after sufficiently contacting the useful fermentation product, it is sent to the biological treatment process. Activated sludge treatment. This increases the degree of purification and deodorization of sewage, and reduces the amount of dewatered sludge (excess sludge) after use in sewage treatment. The purified water can be discharged into public sewers.
（７）汚水処理に使用済みの余剰汚泥（含水率８２．００％）３．７１トンは、他の有機性汚物と共に場内に設けた発酵施設へ移して有用発酵生成物を作る原料の一つとする。有用発酵生成物を汚水処理に使用すると、汚水中のＳＳ（浮遊物質又は懸濁物質）と共に余剰汚泥中の有機ＳＳ成分が除去されるものと考えられる。
（８）このように、食肉処理場内に設けた発酵施設の仕切り区画（発酵槽）へ、特定部位の焼却灰０．０３トン、動物性残渣物１．５９トン、汚水処理時に除去したし渣２．０５トン、汚水処理済みの余剰汚泥３．７１トン、それに牛の血液２．９７トンなど全ての有機性汚物（合計１０．３５トン）を集めて、これに好気性高温菌の発酵生成物からなる有用発酵生成物１０トンを添加・混合して混合物を作る（有機性汚物の総量と有用発酵生成物の添加量は概ね１対１とする）。本実施例では、この混合物の５日分を同じ仕切り区画内に溜めて、合計１０１．７５トン（＝２０．３５トン×５日分）の混合物を原料として通気発酵を行なう。
（９）仕切り区画内の混合物を何度も切り返し（攪拌）しながら通気を続けると、やがて温度が上昇し、発酵が開始されるので、通気を絶つことなく、温度が下がり始めたら切り返しを行なうことを繰り返していると、４０〜５０日後に温度が上がらなくなり、さらさらした粉末状の有用発酵生成物５２．３０トンが得られるので、その時点で発酵を終了する。なお、別の仕切り区画においても同様の発酵処理を行なっているので、結局、この発酵施設での有用発酵生成物の１日当たりの生産量は５２．３０トン／５日分＝１０．４６トンである。
（10）得られた１日当たりの有用発酵生成物のうち０．４６トンは、場内の汚水処理施設に設けたリアクターなどへ送って汚水と接触させ、汚水の浄化に用いる。
（11）残りの有用発酵生成物約１０トンは、発酵施設の仕切り区画に残して次回の発酵の種菌として使用する。すなわち、この１０トンの有用発酵生成物は、発酵施設へ送られてきた特定部位の焼却灰、内臓やはら糞、血液などの動物性残渣物、汚水処理済みの余剰汚泥など一切の有機性汚物（１０．３５トン）と混合して混合物となし、これを５日分溜めて、再び通気発酵を行なう。発酵によって得られる１日当たり有用発酵生成物１０．４６トンの一部（０．４６トン）は汚水処理に使用し、残りの約１０トンは、また次回の発酵に用いる。以降もこのサイクルを繰り返すことで、有機性汚物を場外へ搬出せずに有用発酵生成物に変換・処理することができる。
（12）このように、有機性汚物と有用発酵生成物の混合物は、発酵施設の１つの仕切り区画（発酵槽）に数日分を溜めて一度に発酵処理してもよいし、１日分の発生量を毎日処理してもよい。また、切り返し作業の都度、混合物の全量を別の仕切り区画へ移して通気発酵を続ける方法を採ると、混合が十分に行なわれ、ムラのない発酵生成物を得ることができる。
(7) 3.71 tons of surplus sludge (water content 82.00%) used for sewage treatment is one of the raw materials to make useful fermentation products by moving to other fermentation facilities along with other organic filth. To do. When a useful fermentation product is used for wastewater treatment, it is considered that organic SS components in excess sludge are removed together with SS (floating matter or suspended matter) in wastewater.
(8) In this way, 0.03 tons of incinerated ash at specific sites, 1.59 tons of animal residues, and sewage residue removed during sewage treatment to the partitioning section (fermentor) of the fermentation facility provided in the slaughterhouse 2.05 tons, 3.71 tons of surplus sludge treated with sewage, and 2.97 tons of bovine blood, all organic filth (10.35 tons in total) are collected and fermented to produce aerobic thermophilic bacteria 10 tons of useful fermentation products consisting of products are added and mixed to make a mixture (the total amount of organic waste and the addition amount of useful fermentation products is approximately 1: 1). In this example, 5 days of this mixture is stored in the same partition, and aeration fermentation is performed using a total of 101.75 tons (= 20.35 tons × 5 days) of the mixture as a raw material.
(9) If the aeration is continued while the mixture in the partition section is repeatedly turned (stirred), the temperature will eventually rise and the fermentation will start. If the process is repeated, the temperature will not rise after 40 to 50 days, and 52.30 tons of a free-flowing powdery useful fermentation product will be obtained. At that point, the fermentation is terminated. In addition, since the same fermentation treatment is performed in another partition, the production amount per day of useful fermentation products in this fermentation facility is 52.30 tons / 5 days = 10.46 tons. is there.
(10) Of the obtained useful fermentation products per day, 0.46 tons are sent to a reactor or the like provided in the sewage treatment facility on the site and brought into contact with sewage to be used for purification of sewage.
(11) About 10 tons of remaining useful fermentation products are left in the partition section of the fermentation facility and used as an inoculum for the next fermentation. That is, 10 tons of useful fermentation products are all organic filth such as incinerated ash, visceral and fecal feces, animal residues such as blood, surplus sludge that has been treated with sewage. (10.35 tons) to form a mixture, which is stored for 5 days, and again subjected to aeration fermentation. A portion (0.46 tons) of useful fermentation product per day obtained by fermentation (0.46 tons) is used for sewage treatment, and the remaining about 10 tons are also used for the next fermentation. Thereafter, by repeating this cycle, the organic waste can be converted and processed into a useful fermentation product without being carried out of the field.
(12) In this way, the mixture of organic waste and useful fermentation products may be fermented at one time by accumulating several days in one partition section (fermentor) of the fermentation facility. May be processed daily. Moreover, when the method of continuing aeration | fermentation fermentation by moving the whole quantity of a mixture to another partition division at every turn-over operation | work and mixing is fully performed, the fermentation product without a nonuniformity can be obtained.
（13）有機性汚物の構成原料によって、有用発酵生成物の発生量も若干異なることがあるが、概ね数％以下の変動である。有用発酵生成物の生産量に余剰が生じたときは、以下の用途に使用することが好ましい。
（ａ）採血してタンクなどに数日間血液を貯留すると、臭気がひどくなるが、この貯留血液の中へ有用発酵生成物（好気性高温菌の発酵生成物）の少量を添加・混合すると、血液から生じる臭気を著しく抑えることができる。
（ｂ）また、場内の通路、排水孔、排水溝などに有用発酵生成物を粉末状又は水に溶解させた培地液として散布すると、食肉センター特有の臭気を消滅・軽減することができる。また、通路などの滑りやすさを解消できる。
（ｃ）さらに、有用発酵生成物が多めに生成できたときは、場内の植栽へ肥料として散布してもよい。
(13) Although the amount of useful fermentation products may vary slightly depending on the constituent raw materials of organic waste, it is generally a fluctuation of several percent or less. When surplus occurs in the production amount of useful fermentation products, it is preferably used for the following applications.
(A) When blood is collected and stored in a tank or the like for several days, the odor becomes severe, but when a small amount of useful fermentation products (fermented products of aerobic thermophilic bacteria) are added and mixed in the stored blood, Odor generated from blood can be remarkably suppressed.
(B) Moreover, if a useful fermentation product is sprayed as a medium solution dissolved in powder or water in passages, drain holes, drain grooves, etc., the odor peculiar to meat centers can be eliminated or reduced. In addition, slipperiness such as passages can be eliminated.
(C) Furthermore, when a large amount of useful fermentation products can be produced, it may be sprayed as a fertilizer to planting in the field.
本実施例における有機性汚物から有用発酵生成物を生成する収支をまとめると、表１のとおりである。表１から、実施例１の食肉センターで発生した有機性汚物は、発酵処理前の４．４５％に減縮されることが理解できる。 Table 1 summarizes the balance for producing useful fermentation products from organic waste in this example. From Table 1, it can be understood that the organic waste generated in the meat center of Example 1 is reduced to 4.45% before the fermentation treatment.
＜本発明で用いる汚水浄化用のリアクターの一例＞
通気可能であり、任意の形状のリアクターの内部に、水が通過できる多数の小孔を表面に設けてある仕切板によって区画された区画部を形成し、その区画部の内方に、無数の微細な通気孔又は通気路を有し、微生物を吸着・担持できる多数の濾材（微生物吸着担体）と共に、好気性高温菌の発酵生成物（粉末状でも水に溶解させたものでもよい。）を封入する。濾材としては、ウールマット、園芸用の人工軽石、発泡スチロール、麦飯石、セラミックス材、木炭、ＫＰパール材などを用いることができる。
このような構成のリアクターの内部に通気しながら汚水を送り込むと、汚水は、区画部において好気性高温菌の発酵生成物と接触・溶解し、多数の濾材に接触するので、濾材に好気性高温菌の発酵生成物と共に通気されて活性化された好気性高温菌が付着・滞留することになり、汚水がこれに繰り返し接触することにより、好気性高温菌の力によって、次第に汚水中の有機性成分が分解・除去され、また、臭気も減少することになる。
なお、リアクターに区画部を形成する代わりに、カール状のグラスファイバーなどの多孔質材をさらにコイル状に巻いた立体網目構造体を封入してもよい。立体網目構造体は、適度な表面積を有し、その隙間に、微生物を吸着・担持できる無数の微細な通気孔又は通気路が形成されるので、上記濾材（微生物吸着担体）を用いるのと同様の効果を奏することができる。濾材用の立体網目構造体としては、例えば、特開平２０００−２４６２７６号公報に開示されている生物処理用の多孔質微生物担体を用いてもよい。
<Example of reactor for purifying sewage used in the present invention>
A partition section partitioned by a partition plate provided with a large number of small holes through which water can pass is formed inside a reactor of any shape, and an infinite number of holes are formed inside the partition section. Along with a large number of filter media (microbe adsorption carrier) that have fine ventilation holes or ventilation channels and can adsorb and support microorganisms, fermentation products of aerobic thermophilic bacteria (which may be in powder form or dissolved in water). Encapsulate. As a filter medium, wool mat, gardening artificial pumice, expanded polystyrene, barley stone, ceramic material, charcoal, KP pearl material, or the like can be used.
When sewage is fed into the reactor having such a configuration while being ventilated, the sewage contacts and dissolves the fermentation products of aerobic thermophilic bacteria in the compartment and contacts a large number of filter media. The aerobic thermophilic bacteria activated by aeration with the fermentation product of the bacteria will adhere and stay, and the wastewater will come into contact with this repeatedly, and the organicity in the wastewater will gradually increase due to the power of the aerobic thermophilic bacteria. The components are decomposed and removed, and the odor is also reduced.
Instead of forming the partition portion in the reactor, a three-dimensional network structure in which a porous material such as curled glass fiber is further wound in a coil shape may be enclosed. The three-dimensional network structure has an appropriate surface area, and innumerable fine ventilation holes or ventilation paths capable of adsorbing and supporting microorganisms are formed in the gaps, so that it is the same as using the filter medium (microorganism adsorption carrier). The effect of can be produced. As the three-dimensional network structure for the filter medium, for example, a porous microbial carrier for biological treatment disclosed in JP-A No. 2000-246276 may be used.
＜場内の汚水処理施設の処理能力の一例＞
実施例１の食肉処理場内の発酵施設で生産される好気性高温菌の発酵生成物（含水率３０％）を１日当たり０．４６トン（＝４６０ｋｇ）を場内の汚水処理施設（処理能力：１０００ｍ３ ／日）のリアクターに投入できる場合、実施例２のリアクターの使用の有無による余剰汚泥の発生量の増減について、以下に試算する。
（１）リアクターを設置しない場合
１日当たり、発生する採血後の汚水１０００ｍ３ （＝１１１０ｋｇＳＳ）が、活性汚泥処理槽で処理されることによって、最終的に１４０．３ｋｇＳＳの有機成分が分解・除去されると共に、処理水として４０ｋｇＳＳが放流され、余剰汚泥９６９．７ｋｇＳＳが発生する。
（２）リアクターを設置した場合
１日あたり、発生する採血後の汚水１０００ｍ３ （＝１１１０ｋｇＳＳ）に対して、好気性高温菌の発酵生成物（有用発酵生成物）４６０ｋｇがリアクターに投入される。この有用発酵生成物は、含水率３０％であるから、４６０ｋｇ×７０％＝３２０ｋｇの固形分を有し、その固形分の２０％は可溶性分であり、８０％は非可溶性分である。そうすると、汚水の浄化に使用した有用発酵生成物は、３２０ｋｇ×２０％＝６４ｋｇが汚水に溶解してその浄化を促進し、３２０ｋｇ×８０％＝２５６ｋｇＳＳは汚水中に含まれて処理されることになる。そして、リアクタ−処理の後、活性汚泥処理槽を通すことによって、最終的に６５８．２ｋｇの有機ＳＳ成分が分解・除去されると共に、処理水として４０ｋｇＳＳが放流され、余剰汚泥６６７．８ｋｇＳＳが発生する。
（３）所見
実施例２のリアクターを通すことによって、リアクターを用いないときに比べて、５００ｋｇ以上の有機性ＳＳ成分を分解・除去できると共に、余剰汚泥の発生量は約３００ｋｇも減少することが理解できる。また、リアクターを通すことによって、汚水中の大量の有機性ＳＳ成分の分解・除去に伴い、汚水中のＳＳ（浮遊物質又は懸濁物質）も大量に除去されるものと考えられる。
<Example of treatment capacity of sewage treatment facility on site>
The fermented product of aerobic thermophilic bacteria (water content 30%) produced in the fermentation facility in the slaughterhouse of Example 1 is 0.46 tons (= 460 kg) per day of the sewage treatment facility (treatment capacity: 1000 m 3). The increase / decrease in the amount of excess sludge generated depending on whether the reactor of Example 2 is used or not can be calculated as follows.
(1) When a reactor is not installed By treating 1000 m3 (= 1110 kgSS) of collected sewage per day in an activated sludge treatment tank, 140.3 kgSS of organic components are finally decomposed and removed. At the same time, 40 kgSS is discharged as treated water, and surplus sludge 969.7 kgSS is generated.
(2) When a reactor is installed 460 kg of fermentation products (useful fermentation products) of aerobic thermophilic bacteria are introduced into the reactor for 1000 m3 (= 1110 kgSS) of sewage generated after blood collection per day. Since this useful fermentation product has a water content of 30%, it has a solid content of 460 kg × 70% = 320 kg, where 20% of the solid content is soluble and 80% is insoluble. Then, 320 kg × 20% = 64 kg of the useful fermentation product used for the purification of sewage is dissolved in the sewage and promotes the purification, and 320 kg × 80% = 256 kg SS is contained in the sewage and processed. Become. And after the reactor treatment, 658.2 kg of organic SS components are finally decomposed and removed by passing through an activated sludge treatment tank, and 40 kgSS is discharged as treated water, generating surplus sludge 667.8 kgSS. To do.
(3) Findings By passing the reactor of Example 2, 500 kg or more of organic SS components can be decomposed and removed, and the amount of excess sludge generated can be reduced by about 300 kg, compared to when the reactor is not used. Understandable. Further, it is considered that a large amount of SS (floating matter or suspended matter) in the sewage is removed by passing through the reactor along with the decomposition and removal of a large amount of the organic SS component in the sewage.
＜採血の有無による汚水の性状比較試験＞
（１）試験方法
活性汚泥法による汚水処理施設を備えた食肉センターにおいて、採血の有無・程度によって、発生する汚水の性状変化の程度を検査した。
この食肉処理センターでは、発生した汚水は場内の汚水処理施設に送られ、まず、スクリーンと微細目スクリーンを通過することによって固形状のし渣などを除去した上で、加圧浮上槽に移して微細な固形物を除去し、生物処理（活性汚泥処理）槽を経て、消毒されて公共下水道へ放流される。この汚水処理施設へ流入する流入原水の汚染濃度と生物処理槽入口の汚染濃度を検査したので、これを表２に示す。また、この汚水処理施設の生物処理槽の仕様を表３に示す。
<Characteristic comparison test of sewage with and without blood collection>
(1) Test method In a meat center equipped with a sewage treatment facility by the activated sludge method, the degree of change in the properties of the generated sewage was examined according to the presence / absence / degree of blood sampling.
In this slaughterhouse, the generated sewage is sent to the sewage treatment facility in the site. First, it passes through a screen and a fine screen to remove solid residue, etc., and is then transferred to a pressurized flotation tank. Fine solids are removed, passed through a biological treatment (activated sludge treatment) tank, sterilized and discharged into public sewers. Table 2 shows the contamination concentration of the raw water flowing into the sewage treatment facility and the contamination concentration at the entrance of the biological treatment tank. Table 3 shows the specifications of the biological treatment tank of this sewage treatment facility.
なお、以下の表や説明において、ＢＯＤ＝生物化学的酸素要求量、ＣＯＤ＝化学的酸素要求量、ＳＳ＝浮遊物質又は懸濁物質、ｎ−Ｈ＝ノルマルヘキサン抽出物質をそれぞれ示す。また、これら数値の単位は、いずれも「ｍｇ／Ｌ」である。 In the following tables and explanations, BOD = biochemical oxygen demand, COD = chemical oxygen demand, SS = floating substance or suspended substance, and nH = normal hexane extract substance are shown. The unit of these numerical values is “mg / L”.
（２）試験結果
（３）所見
表２から、６０％程度の採血を実施することによって、流入原水と生物処理槽の入口水については、ＢＯＤとＣＯＤは、３０％程度低減されること、しかし、ＳＳには影響を与えないことが確認された。また、表３から、６０％程度の採血を実施することによって、汚水処理済みの余剰汚泥の発生量が約８％減少することが確認された。
(3) Findings From Table 2, about 60% blood sampling will reduce BOD and COD by about 30% for inflow raw water and biological treatment tank inlet water, but it will affect SS. Was confirmed not to give. Further, from Table 3, it was confirmed that the amount of excess sludge generated after sewage treatment was reduced by about 8% by carrying out blood collection of about 60%.
＜リアクター設置時の汚水の性状比較試験＞
（１）試験方法
試験例１の汚水処理施設において、生物処理（活性汚泥処理）槽の前に実施例３で用いたリアクターを設置し、無数の微細な通気路又は通気孔を有する多数の濾材と好気性高温菌の発酵生成物とを封入し、通気しながら汚水を循環させた後、生物処理槽へ送る方法を採った。この方法において、採血しなかったときの汚水について、汚水処理施設へ流入する流入原水の汚染濃度と生物処理槽入口の汚染濃度を検査したので、これを表４に示す。
<Comparison test of sewage properties when the reactor is installed>
(1) Test method In the sewage treatment facility of Test Example 1, the reactor used in Example 3 was installed in front of the biological treatment (activated sludge treatment) tank, and a large number of filter media having innumerable fine ventilation paths or ventilation holes. And a fermented product of aerobic thermophilic bacteria were encapsulated, circulated sewage while aerated, and then sent to a biological treatment tank. In this method, regarding the sewage when blood was not collected, the contamination concentration of the raw water flowing into the sewage treatment facility and the contamination concentration at the biological treatment tank inlet were examined.
（２）試験結果
（２）所見
採血しない場合でも、生物処理槽の入口に好気性高温菌の発酵生成物を封入した通気式リアクターを取り付けることによって、汚水中の有機物の分解率を２０％程度向上できることが確認された。
(2) Findings Even when blood is not collected, it is confirmed that the decomposition rate of organic matter in sewage can be improved by about 20% by attaching an aeration reactor that contains fermentation products of aerobic thermophilic bacteria at the entrance of the biological treatment tank. It was.
（１）試験方法
試験例２と同じ方法によって、６０％の採血をしたときの汚水について、試験例２と同じように、汚水処理施設へ流入する流入原水の汚染濃度と生物処理槽入口の汚染濃度を検査したので、これを表５に示す。
(1) Test method Contamination concentration of raw water flowing into the sewage treatment facility and contamination at the entrance of the biological treatment tank for sewage when 60% of blood was collected by the same method as in Test Example 2, as in Test Example 2. The concentration was examined and is shown in Table 5.
（２）試験結果
（２）所見
採血６０％の場合は、生物処理槽の入口に好気性高温菌の発酵生成物を封入したリアクターを設置することによって、汚水中の有機物の分解率を２０％程度向上できることが確認された。よって、本発明の実施により、血液を産業廃棄物としてではなく、有用発酵生成物に変換することができるので、採血が可能となった。
(2) Findings In the case of 60% blood collection, it is confirmed that the decomposition rate of organic matter in sewage can be improved by about 20% by installing a reactor in which fermentation products of aerobic thermophilic bacteria are enclosed at the entrance of the biological treatment tank. It was done. Therefore, by implementing the present invention, blood can be converted into a useful fermentation product, not as industrial waste, and blood can be collected.
この汚水処理施設から場外への放流水の水質は、採血６０％でリアクター処理をした場合、ＢＯＤ＝２０．０ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＣＯＤ＝２０．０ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＳＳ＝５０．０ｍｇ／Ｌ、ｎ−Ｈ＝１０．０ｍｇ／Ｌの程度であり、十分に基準値の範囲内のものである。 The quality of the effluent water discharged from the sewage treatment facility is BOD = 20.0 mg / L, COD = 20.0 mg / L, SS = 50.0 mg / L, n− H = 10.0 mg / L, which is well within the standard range.
以上詳細に説明するとおり、本発明は、食肉処理場において、従来から産業廃棄物として廃棄していた有機性汚物を全て場内で処分し、場外に搬出しない。そのため、産業廃棄物による環境汚染のおそれが解消すると共に、有機性汚物を埋め立てる必要がなくなる。よって、ＢＳＥのような問題が起こっても、有機性汚物を場外に搬出しないのであるから公害の生ずるおそれがない。また、本発明の方法は、屠殺した動物の血液を有用発酵生成物の原料として使用できるので、場内に放血しなくて済む。そのため、場内の汚水処理施設の負荷を軽減することができ、運転コストを低減できると共に、食肉処理場からの放流水の浄化・脱臭・減容を可能にする。さらに、本発明の方法は、食肉処理場全体に漂う特有の臭気を除去・軽減できる。 As described in detail above, the present invention disposes of all organic filth that has been conventionally discarded as industrial waste in a slaughterhouse, and does not carry it out of the field. This eliminates the risk of environmental pollution caused by industrial waste and eliminates the need to land organic waste. Therefore, even if a problem such as BSE occurs, there is no possibility of causing pollution because organic waste is not carried out of the field. Further, the method of the present invention does not require blood release in the field because the blood of the slaughtered animal can be used as a raw material for the useful fermentation product. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the load on the sewage treatment facility in the site, reduce the operating cost, and enable purification, deodorization, and volume reduction of the discharged water from the slaughterhouse. Furthermore, the method of the present invention can remove / reduce the characteristic odor drifting throughout the slaughterhouse.
また、本発明によれば、従来、産業廃棄物処理業者に委託してきた産業廃棄物処理費用の削減と汚水処理施設の運転コストを大幅な圧縮が可能である。このように、本発明は、食肉センターを含む食肉処理場における問題点を解決できると共に、社会的要請にも応えることができるきわめて画期的なシステムを提供するものである。 In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the industrial waste treatment cost and the operating cost of the sewage treatment facility that have been outsourced to an industrial waste treatment company. As described above, the present invention provides an extremely innovative system capable of solving problems in a slaughterhouse including a slaughterhouse and meeting social demands.
Claims (7)
記
独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所特許生物寄託センター受託番号ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１５０８５、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１５０８６、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１５０８７、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１５５３６、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１５５３７、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１５５３８、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１５５３９、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１５５４０、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１５５４１、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１５５４２、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１８５９８、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１９４１２、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１９４１３、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１９４１４、同ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１９４１５The processing method in any one of Claim 1 to 6 WHEREIN: The recycling processing method of the organic filth which uses the fermentation product which uses at least 1 sort (s) of aerobic thermophilic bacteria selected from the following fungus group as an inoculum.
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Patent Biological Deposit Center Accession No. FERM P-15085, FERM P-15086, FERM P-15087, FERM P-15536, FERM P-15537, FERM P-15538, FERM P-15538, FERM P-15539, FERM P-15540, FERM P-15541, FERM P-15542, FERM P-18598, FERM P-19612, FERM P-19413, FERM P-19414, FERM P-19415
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004292631A JP4628740B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2004-10-05 | Recycling method of organic waste in slaughterhouse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004292631A JP4628740B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2004-10-05 | Recycling method of organic waste in slaughterhouse |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2006102633A JP2006102633A (en) | 2006-04-20 |
| JP4628740B2 true JP4628740B2 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
Family
ID=36372932
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004292631A Active JP4628740B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2004-10-05 | Recycling method of organic waste in slaughterhouse |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4628740B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106734122A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-05-31 | 上海元始环境科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method for innocent treatment of kitchen garbage |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007296207A (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2007-11-15 | Sanyuu:Kk | Self-treatment type toilet apparatus |
| JP4759470B2 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2011-08-31 | 株式会社スズキファーム | Sewage sludge treatment method |
| JP2009029685A (en) * | 2007-07-25 | 2009-02-12 | Towada Dojo Kairyo | Prion protein-inactivated fertilizer and its manufacturing method |
| CN103694010B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2016-01-20 | 大地绿源环保科技(北京)有限公司 | A kind of Ultrahigh-temperaturaerobic aerobic fermentation method for sludge and application thereof |
| CN103350098B (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-10-14 | 吉秀兰 | The treatment process of a kind of changing food waste, dead livestock and poultry |
| CN106746428A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-05-31 | 山东汇盛天泽环境工程有限公司 | A kind of high-temperature aerobic fermentation method for sludge treatment and device |
| CN108830429B (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2020-08-11 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Fractal dimension-based optimization method for sewage treatment plant |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6154299A (en) * | 1984-08-24 | 1986-03-18 | Mitsubishi Rayon Eng Kk | Treatment of organic industrial waste |
| JPH04119984A (en) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-04-21 | Shiiratsuku:Kk | Treatment of organic waste |
| JP2000247769A (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-09-12 | Sanyuu:Kk | Production of aerobically fermented manure and device therefor |
| JP2002293681A (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-09 | Shinjiro Kanazawa | Method of producing bark-like compost |
| JP2003164833A (en) * | 2001-12-04 | 2003-06-10 | Naoharu Yamazaki | Method and apparatus for fermenting organic waste |
| JP2004160442A (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-06-10 | Sanyuu:Kk | Water cleaning method and water cleaning apparatus used in the method |
| JP2004254659A (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2004-09-16 | Riyouzo Irie | Microorganism for concentrating, decomposing and allowing to dispose of organic waste and method and installation for allowing to dispose of organic waste |
-
2004
- 2004-10-05 JP JP2004292631A patent/JP4628740B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6154299A (en) * | 1984-08-24 | 1986-03-18 | Mitsubishi Rayon Eng Kk | Treatment of organic industrial waste |
| JPH04119984A (en) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-04-21 | Shiiratsuku:Kk | Treatment of organic waste |
| JP2000247769A (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-09-12 | Sanyuu:Kk | Production of aerobically fermented manure and device therefor |
| JP2002293681A (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-09 | Shinjiro Kanazawa | Method of producing bark-like compost |
| JP2003164833A (en) * | 2001-12-04 | 2003-06-10 | Naoharu Yamazaki | Method and apparatus for fermenting organic waste |
| JP2004160442A (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-06-10 | Sanyuu:Kk | Water cleaning method and water cleaning apparatus used in the method |
| JP2004254659A (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2004-09-16 | Riyouzo Irie | Microorganism for concentrating, decomposing and allowing to dispose of organic waste and method and installation for allowing to dispose of organic waste |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106734122A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-05-31 | 上海元始环境科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method for innocent treatment of kitchen garbage |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2006102633A (en) | 2006-04-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Imbeah | Composting piggery waste: a review | |
| Tritt et al. | Materials flow and possibilities of treating liquid and solid wastes from slaughterhouses in Germany. A review | |
| TW530036B (en) | Method of converting organic waste by aerobic thermophilic fermentation | |
| CN110698229B (en) | Preparation for producing fermentation liquid fertilizer with livestock and poultry manure odor reducing effect and fermentation liquid fertilizer circulating device for reducing livestock and poultry manure odor | |
| JP2003509197A (en) | Wastewater purification in livestock raising systems | |
| JP2015167912A (en) | Livestock excreta treating system | |
| US6224646B1 (en) | Waste treatment system | |
| JP4628740B2 (en) | Recycling method of organic waste in slaughterhouse | |
| WO1994003411A1 (en) | Liquid livestock waste treating method | |
| TW438727B (en) | An aeration tank for organic wastewater and an aeration processing device using the same | |
| KR101549191B1 (en) | Material treating for reduction of malodor gas | |
| CN210045749U (en) | Beasts and birds processing system dies of illness | |
| JP2000159589A (en) | Treatment of pollutant in livestock production facility | |
| JP2006212612A (en) | Method for decomposing and extinguishing excrement and urine of hog raising using composite fermentation method in composite microorganism dynamic system analysis of composite microorganism system | |
| CN102126816B (en) | Method for treating sewage by adopting biological-physical combined method | |
| JP3696218B2 (en) | Feces and urine decomposition treatment agent and method for degradation of manure by activating microorganisms | |
| CN109896713A (en) | A method of sewage is handled using ABS microbial bacterial agent | |
| JP6248249B2 (en) | Biomass (organic matter) odorless fermentation decomposition method | |
| JP2008037718A (en) | Low odor composting treatment method | |
| JPS62289298A (en) | Treatment of excrement, urine, organic sludge and sewage or the like | |
| JP2005328735A (en) | Method for culturing fishes or shellfishes and fish or shellfish-culturing apparatus used for the method | |
| CN109896712A (en) | A kind of sewerage integrated treatment process of Green Hospital | |
| EP0971581A1 (en) | Symbiosis of sheds and greenhouses | |
| JP2002361215A (en) | Method and device for microbial decomposition of organic waste | |
| CN106977057A (en) | A kind of recycling system for being used to administer slaughtering wastewater |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20070611 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20090330 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20100608 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20100705 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20101026 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20101110 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20131119 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Ref document number: 4628740 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |