JP4626307B2 - Performance practice device and program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a performance practice system for effectively practicing the performance of an electronic musical instrument.

Conventionally, in a performance device such as an electronic keyboard instrument, a performance indicator is provided for each performance operator such as a keyboard, and the performance operation indicator corresponding to the note to be played is turned on to practice performance. What to guide is known. For example, in the electronic musical instrument of Patent Document 1, the LED indicator of the keyboard corresponding to all the notes appearing in a predetermined phrase is turned on, and the LED indicator of the key to be pressed at each time point as the performance progresses Are lit in a different manner.
JP-A-8-137382

  According to this technique, the user can grasp in advance the performance operators (keys) to be operated (key-pressed) with a predetermined phrase, and can also grasp the performance operators to be operated at each time point. A performance guide that is much easier to understand than the one that simply guides the performance operator to be operated at each time point is provided.

  However, in such a performance practice device according to the prior art, it is designed to practice sequentially from the beginning of the song, if the beginning of the song is difficult for the user, or conversely too simple, When it was a part that I didn't like very much, there was an inconvenience that even if I started practicing, I couldn't play it at all or motivated me.

  In view of such inconveniences, the present invention provides a performance practice system capable of performing an effective performance practice according to a user's preference by allowing a user to arbitrarily designate a practice target portion. Objective.

  According to the main feature of the present invention, a music information supply means (P1) for supplying music information [music data (melody part)] divided into a plurality of time sections (bars) to the storage means (2), and a user In accordance with the operation, the practice target designation means (P13) that designates one to a plurality of continuous sections in the music information (music data) as the practice target (lesson part) and the music information (music data) are designated. Information extraction means (P13) for extracting information corresponding to the section designated as a practice target (lesson part) by means (P13), and information extracted by the information extraction means (P13) as an example performance for the user's actual performance Performance information utilization means (P14 to P18) used as information, and the performance information utilization means (P14 to P18) are used by the user for the practice target (lesson part). A clear determination means (S4) and a clear determination means (S4) for evaluating the performance contents based on the model performance information and determining that the section of the subject to be practiced (lesson part) has been cleared when a predetermined evaluation is obtained. The post-evaluation music playback means (P18) that sequentially plays back the music information (music data) over a plurality of sections after the evaluation by means of the music information (P18) for the section determined to be cleared by the clear determination means (S4). (R2 = YES → R4) and the music information (music data) is reproduced (R2 = NO → R3) for other sections (P18: “Review playback” immediately after the lesson) And a performance practice device (electronic music device). Note that parentheses indicate reference symbols, terms, reference positions, and the like of the embodiments, and the same applies to the following.

  Further, according to this feature, music information [music data (melody part)] divided into a plurality of time sections (measures) is stored in the storage means (2) in a computer (electronic music device) functioning as a performance practice device. A music information supply step (P1) to be supplied, and a practice target designation step (P13) for designating one to a plurality of continuous sections in the music information (music data) as practice subjects (lesson parts) in response to a user operation. The information extraction step (P13) for extracting information corresponding to the section designated as the practice target (lesson part) in the practice target designation step (P13) from the music information (music data), and the information extraction step (P13) It comprises performance information utilization steps (P14 to P18) in which the extracted information is utilized as model performance information for a user's actual performance. The steps (P14 to P18) evaluate the user's actual performance content for the practice target (lesson part) based on the model performance information, and clear the section of the practice target (lesson part) when a predetermined evaluation is obtained. A clear determination step (S4) for determining that the music has been performed, and a post-evaluation music reproduction step for sequentially reproducing the music information (music data) over a plurality of sections after the evaluation in the clear determination step (S4). The music information (music data) is not reproduced for the section determined to be cleared by the clear determination means (S4) (R2 = YES → R4), and the music for the sections other than this section is reproduced. A performance practice program for executing a procedure including information (music data) (R2 = NO → R3) (P18) ] It is provided.

  The performance practice device according to the present invention further comprises display means (15), and the performance information utilization means (P14 to P18) further display the model performance information on the display means (15: score display screen) ( P14) The display performance means (P14, S8) for changing the display mode (Em3) of the section determined to be cleared by the clear determination means (S4) for the displayed model performance information is provided (S8). 2].

  The performance practice device according to the present invention further includes clear section information storage means (S7 → P20) for storing evaluation information in the section determined to be cleared by the clear determination means (S4) as history information (CL). [Claim 3] It can constitute as follows. The performance practice device further includes a pre-practice-specification music reproduction means (P8) for sequentially reproducing music information (music data) over a plurality of sections prior to designation of a practice target (lesson part) by the practice target designation means (P13). ; “Review playback” at the start of a continuous lesson), and for the section determined to be cleared by the clear determination means (S4) based on the contents of the history information (CL), the music information (music data) is stored. (R8 = YES → R4), and the music information (music data) is reproduced (R2 = NO → R3) (P8) for sections other than this section (Claim 4). be able to.

In the performance practice system according to the main feature of the present invention (Claims 1 and 5), the user designates a section (part) to be practiced in the music information [music data (melody part)], and the designated part can be practiced. It is configured to be able to. Therefore, according to this invention, the user can start performance practice from his favorite part, practice according to the difficulty level of the performance content, and can tackle practice with high motivation.
In the performance practice system of the present invention, when the user clears the practice of the section (part) specified by the user, the music information (music data) is reproduced sequentially from the beginning, and the clear part is muted and reproduced. It is configured so that the user can actually perform. Therefore, according to the present invention, when the designated portion is cleared, the model performance is performed according to the music information except for the clear portion, and the clear portion can be left to the user performance.

  In the performance practice device according to the present invention, when the practice of the section (part) designated by the user is cleared, the display mode of the clear part is changed on the display screen (score display screen) of the model performance information ( Em3) (Claim 2). Therefore, according to the present invention, when the designated portion is cleared, the user can immediately recognize the cleared portion and confirm how far he can play.

Furthermore, the performance practice device according to the present invention is configured to save the clear part as history information (CL) when the practice of the part designated by the user is cleared (claim 3). Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to practice only the non-clear portion using the clear history information (CL) at the next practice time.
Further, the performance practice device is configured such that when the music is reproduced at the next practice, the clear portion is not reproduced based on the history state, and the non-clear portion is reproduced (claim 4). Therefore, according to the present invention, the cleared part can be played by itself, and the non-cleared part can be grasped by listening to the content of the performance to be practiced.

[Other features]
In addition, according to another feature provided in the invention described in this specification corresponding to the problem of the invention, the following (1) to (2) can be configured.
(1) Between music information supply means (P1) for supplying music information (music data) divided in a plurality of time intervals (bars) and a portion consisting of one to a plurality of continuous intervals for music information And similar search means (Q1, Q2) for searching for parts where the musical tone generation patterns are similar to each other, and the music composition divided into sections based on the music information (overhead display screen) and similar search means ( The music information display means (P11) for displaying that the sections (similar mark bars) corresponding to the similar parts searched by Q1 and Q2) are similar to each other (E11), and the user operation from among the music composition In response to this, a practice target designating unit (P13) that designates one to a plurality of continuous sections as practice subjects (lesson part) and a practice target designation unit (P13) designated from the music information as practice subjects. Information extracting means (P13) for extracting information corresponding to the information and performance information using means (P14 to P17) for using the information extracted by the information extracting means (P13) as model performance information for the user's actual performance. About the performance practice apparatus (electronic music apparatus) which comprises, the music information supply step (P1) which supplies the music information (music data) divided | segmented by several time intervals (bars), and 1 to A similar search step (Q1, Q2) for searching for a portion in which musical tone generation patterns are similar to each other between portions composed of a plurality of continuous sections, and a music composition is displayed divided into sections based on music information ( Along with the overhead view display screen), the sections (similar mark bars) corresponding to the similar parts searched in the similar search steps (Q1, Q2) are similar to each other (Em1) A music information display step (P11) to be displayed, a practice target designation step (P13) for designating a plurality of one to continuous sections as a practice target (lesson part) according to a user operation from the music composition, and music information From the information extraction step (P13) for extracting information corresponding to the section designated as the practice target in the practice target designation step (P13), the information extracted in the information extraction step (P13) is used as a model for the actual performance of the user. A performance practice program for causing a computer (electronic music apparatus) to execute a procedure comprising performance information utilization steps (P14 to P17) utilized as performance information.
That is, in the performance practice system with this configuration, a similar section (eg, measure) is searched for similar sections, and a similar state (Em1) is displayed on the screen (overhead display screen) for each similar section searched. The user can designate a part to be practiced based on the screen display and can practice the designated part. Therefore, according to this performance practice system, it is possible to search for a part that is similar to a part that has already been practiced and specify it as a part that you want to practice. You can practice efficiently.
(2) In the performance training apparatus of (1), the performance information utilization means (P14 to P17) evaluates the user's actual performance content for the practice target (lesson part) based on the model performance information, and obtains a predetermined evaluation. The clear determination means (S4) for determining that the practice of the performance portion has been cleared and the model performance information (score display screen) are displayed, and the practice determined to have been cleared by the clear determination means (S4). A performance information display means (P14, S8) for changing the display mode of the section corresponding to the object (Em3), and a clear determination means (S4) for the music composition displayed by the music information display means (P11). (Em2) A performance practice comprising display control means (P12) for changing the display mode of the section (clear mark measure) corresponding to the practice subject determined to have been cleared by (Em2) Apparatus.
That is, in this performance practice device, when the practice of the part designated by the user is cleared, the display mode of the clear part is changed on the performance information display screen (score display screen) and music information display screen (overhead display screen). (Em3, Em2). Therefore, according to this performance practice device, the user can immediately visually recognize the cleared part, confirm how far he can play, and visually understand which part should be practiced next. .

[System Overview]
FIG. 1 shows a hardware configuration block diagram of a performance practice system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As an electronic music apparatus which is the main body of this performance practice system, a musical information processing apparatus (computer) such as a personal computer (PC) or an electronic musical instrument having a musical performance information processing function is used. The electronic music apparatus includes a central processing unit (CPU) 1, a random access memory (RAM) 2, a read only memory (ROM) 3, an external storage device 4, a performance operation detection circuit 5, a setting operation detection circuit 6, a display circuit 7, A sound source circuit 8, an effect circuit 9, a MIDI interface (I / F) 10, a communication interface (I / F) 11, and the like are provided, and these elements 1 to 11 are connected to each other via a bus 12.

  The CPU 1 executes various musical tone information processing including performance practice processing using a clock by a timer according to a predetermined control program. The RAM 2 is used as a work area for temporarily storing various data necessary for these processes. For example, during performance practice processing, music data (also referred to as music information or performance information) for displaying or playing music currently being practiced (also referred to simply as music), or a lesson history file of the practice music. Is stored in the RAM 2. The ROM 3 stores various control programs and data including a performance practice program in advance in order to execute these processes.

  The external storage device 4 is not only a built-in storage medium such as a hard disk (HD) but also a compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), a flexible disk (FD), a magneto-optical (MO) disk, a digital multipurpose disk ( Various portable external recording media such as a small memory card such as a DVD, a smart media (registered trademark), and the like are included. The user can store various control programs, music data, lesson history files, etc. in an arbitrary external storage device (for example, HD) 4 and process the arbitrary music data with this electronic music device.

  The performance operation detection circuit 5 detects the performance operation contents of the performance operator 13 such as a keyboard, and the setting operation detection circuit 6 detects the setting operation contents of the setting operation elements 14 such as a key switch and a mouse, and each of them is detected. Introduce information corresponding to the contents into the system.

  The display circuit 7 includes a display 15 such as an LCD for displaying various screens, a guide indicator 16 for guiding performance operations, and various indicators (not shown), and controls the display / lighting contents according to instructions from the CPU 1. Then, display assistance is provided for the operations of the operators 13 and 14. For example, the display 15 has various needs such as an outline of the music to be practiced and a musical score of the part that is currently being tried based on music data in a predetermined storage area in the RAM 2 or a lesson history file during the performance practice process. A simple screen can be displayed.

  In the following example, a keyboard is used as the performance operator 13, and each key of the keyboard 13 is guided by the guide indicator 16 with different contents in different display modes. Therefore, each key of the keyboard 13 is formed of a material such as a translucent synthetic resin. When there is no key pressing guide, the white key is milky white and the black key is dark gray. On the other hand, the guide indicator 16 includes two types of lamps L1 and L2 using LED light sources corresponding to each key, and functions as a performance guide means together with each translucent key.

  That is, the lamps L1 and L2 can be turned on to irradiate light from below the respective keys, and can be guided in different manners depending on the light transmitted through the keys. For example, a first lamp (for example, a blue LED) L1 is used as a “notice guide” that indicates a key to be pressed in a measure that is currently being played, and is called a “notice lamp”. , Red LED) L2 is used for “immediate guide” that indicates a key to be pressed at the present time, and is called “immediate lamp”.

  The tone generator circuit 8 can generate a musical sound signal in accordance with the actual performance information from the performance operator 13 and the musical sound information in the music data on the RAM 2. The effect circuit 9 having the effect applying DSP gives a predetermined effect to the tone signal, and the subsequent sound system 17 includes a D / A converter, an amplifier, and a speaker, and the tone based on the tone signal to which the effect is given. Is generated.

  In addition, another MIDI music device 30 is connected to the MIDII / F 10, and MIDI performance data including music data is exchanged between the electronic music apparatus and the other music device 30 and can be used in this system. it can. The communication I / F 11 is connected to a communication network 40 such as the Internet or a local area network (LAN), and downloads a control program from an external server computer 50 or the like, or temporarily stores music data in the RAM 2 or further. It can be stored in the external storage device 4 and used in this system.

[Lesson history file]
In the performance practice system according to one embodiment of the present invention, a performance practice process called “lesson process” is executed based on the performance practice process program and the lesson history file, and the user can perform his / her performance skills recorded in the lesson history file. The performance practice can be effectively performed through the three lesson steps 1 to 3. FIG. 2 shows an example of a lesson history file used in this system.

  The lesson history file is created for each piece of music data, and when a plurality of users use this electronic music apparatus, the lesson history file is further created for each user, and as shown in FIG. :, N-1, n, n + 1,...), Similar information SM, clear information CL, hold information RS, and the like are recorded.

  The similar information SM is information relating to the similarity of the performance pattern with other measures, and measures similar to each other in performance patterns are extracted from the musical tone information of the music data by similar measure extraction processing (FIG. 8 (1)) described later. Is created by automatically extracting. For example, by recording the same or similar measure characteristic symbol as similar information SM in a measure having the same or similar performance pattern as another measure, it is possible to determine the similarity of the performance pattern with other measures. . In the illustrated example, the performance patterns of the (n−1) -th, n-th, n + 1-th and n + 2-th bars are represented by the bar characteristic symbols “A1”, “A2”, “A3 ′” and “E1”, respectively. . In this case, a bar feature symbol having a common part (for example, “A”) also in other bars is called a “similar mark”.

  The clear information CL indicates whether or not the performance skill of the measure in the lesson steps 1 to 3 has reached a passing score, and is also referred to as skill information. The clear information CL records the user's performance skills divided into the first to third lesson levels K1 to K3 corresponding to the lesson steps 1 to 3, and challenges the practice of the measure at each lesson step. When (try) is successful (cleared), a clear mark indicated by a circle is set in the clear information CL of the corresponding lesson levels K1 to K3 to confirm that the performance skill has cleared the level. Represent (a non-clear mark “-” represents an unchallenged or non-cleared state).

  The hold information RS indicates whether or not the user temporarily holds the practice of the measure in the lesson step. By instructing “hold” in response to a user operation during performance practice of the measure, a hold mark indicated by a circle is set in the hold information RS to indicate that the measure is in a hold state (“− "Represents a non-setting state). In the example shown in the figure, the (n + 1) th measure is held at the first lesson level K1 (the lowest (left) stage among the lesson levels for which the non-clear mark “−” is set in the clear information CL)). Yes.

[Various display screens and playback images]
The performance practice system according to one embodiment of the present invention controls the screen display and tone reproduction mode according to the recorded contents of the lesson history file and the practice results during performance practice by performance practice processing (lesson processing), Practice performance. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining characteristic screen display and tone reproduction in this system.

  In this system, when a user practice playing a certain piece of music, an arbitrary bird's-eye view display screen showing the entire musical score of the music piece can be displayed on the display 15 in accordance with a user operation at any time. FIG. 3A shows an example of an overhead view display screen. On the bird's-eye view display screen, a portion similar to the performance pattern (similar portion) is highlighted in the first display mode Em1 in accordance with the content of the similar information SM in the lesson history file, and the user is in accordance with the content of the clear information CL at that time. The portion (cleared portion) that has been cleared is highlighted in the second display mode Em2.

  In the example of FIG. 3 (1), the musical score for one song is divided into bars and displayed. For similar parts, the bars having the same phrase symbol (for example, “A”) from the pattern symbols of the similar information SM are displayed. Are extracted, and the similar phrases are highlighted in the first display mode Em1 with a thick frame line of a predetermined color (for example, blue).

  Next, for the clear portion, as shown in the right column of FIG. 2, the clear information CL is a measure that has a clear mark set in any of the lesson levels K1 to K3. As shown in FIG. 3A, a predetermined color (for example, pink) is applied to each clear bar on the display block. The display of the clear portion is not limited to this example, and a measure in which clear marks are set for all the lesson levels K1 to K3 may be a clear measure. Alternatively, the clear mark setting of each lesson level K1 to K3 may be used as it is, and the display mode (density change, character addition, etc.) corresponding to the lesson level K1 to K3 that cleared the clear part may be used. You may make it switch itself to the thing according to each lesson level K1-K3. It should be noted that such handling of the clear portion in the entire song can be similarly applied to “review playback” described later.

  In addition, in the case of music composed of multiple parts such as melody parts and accompaniment parts, multiple parts may be displayed simultaneously in parallel on a single bird's-eye view display screen, just like a normal score. Then, the overhead view display screen of each part may be switched.

  In FIG. 3 (1), each measure is displayed as a block, and a musical score is schematically displayed with bar numbers (1, 2,..., N−1, n, n + 1, n + 2,. The actual score may be displayed in detail (in this case, for example, the clear portion changes the background color of the score). Furthermore, the emphasis indications Em1 and Em2 of the similar and clear portions may be reversed from the illustrated example.

  In this system, when a user designates a certain part of a song and performs a performance, the score of the part is displayed in detail as a score display screen on the display 14, and the practice of a measure in the part (try) is performed. Every time success (clear) occurs, the measure is highlighted on the score display screen in the third display mode Em3, and the user can proceed to performance practice for the next measure.

  FIG. 3 (2) shows an example of a score display screen. As a third display mode Em3 for highlighting a measure that has been successfully tried, a predetermined color (for example, the same or similar to the clear painting of FIG. 3 (1) (for example, , Pink) and the background color (white) is changed. By highlighting the score, the user can not only enjoy the sense of accomplishment by winning one measure at a time, but also be motivated to “clear” the measures that have not been played, leading to continued performance practice. it can. Note that the highlight display method of the highlight display areas Em1 to Em3 is not limited to the thick frame and the color painting by a predetermined color, and any method may be adopted as long as it can be distinguished from other parts.

  In this system, it is possible to arbitrarily specify the part that the user wants to practice using the above-described overhead view display screen or the lesson part specification input screen described later, and when the specified part is cleared, the music data other than the clear part is recorded. According to the example, the “playback reproduction” can be performed in which the model performance is performed and the clear portion is left to the user performance.

  For example, the music to be practiced consists of a melody part and an accompaniment part, and as shown in FIG. 3 (3), an A phrase having a performance pattern similar to the A phrase or A phrase having a prelude performance pattern. In the case of being composed of a B phrase having a performance pattern that becomes a chorus of music and a C phrase having another performance pattern (for example, each phrase is composed of 8 bars), the user is more than just the prelude. First, when you want to play the melody of the rusted melody part (umami melody), as shown by the arrow in (3a), specify the melody as the practice part and select the rust B phrase (mesh part) By specifying, the lesson can be started from the delicious melody of the music to be practiced.

  When the melody performance of the designated B phrase is cleared, the music to be practiced can be “replayed” as shown in (3b). That is, playback is started from the first A phrase according to the music data, and the A phrase and the A ′ phrase are played back by automatic performance. As for the next B phrase, the melody part is muted and not reproduced, and only the accompaniment part is reproduced. The user can actually play the melody, and the melody musical sound by the actual performance is generated. Then, the last C phrase is reproduced again by automatic performance.

  The lesson method of FIG. 3 can be summarized as follows: In this system, the bird's-eye view display screen (1) that roughly displays the overall composition of the music can be displayed at any time. The user can use this bird's-eye view display screen (1) or a lesson part designation input screen (not shown) to arbitrarily specify a part to be a lesson target in one piece of music, for example, You can start a lesson from Savimelo B (3a). The designated portion is displayed on the score display screen (2), and when the user clears the lesson, the cleared portion is highlighted on the score on the screen (Em3) and reflected on the overhead view display screen (1). Is highlighted (Em2). Since similar parts are highlighted in the overhead view display screen by searching for similar parts in advance (Em1), the user can use the overhead view display screen (1) to resemble the clear part. Can be specified as the next lesson part. Note that the overhead level display screen (1) may display the difficulty level for each section in advance.

[Outline of each lesson step]
In the performance practice system according to one embodiment of the present invention, in order to guide an operator to be operated at the time of performance practice, an operation guide means for performing an advance guide by an advance lamp (L1) and an immediate guide by an immediate lamp (L2). Are prepared, and an immediate guide and a notice guide are selectively adopted according to a plurality of lesson steps. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the outline of each lesson step in the performance practice system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

  The notice lamp L1 indicates the key to be pressed in the measure immediately before the performance or the measure currently being played (the latest measure), and performs a notice guide. More specifically, the warning lamp (for example, blue LED) L1 emits light with a predetermined color (blue) when turned on, for example, illuminates the entire lower surface of the corresponding key, and the entire key corresponds to this emitted color. Glowly and dullly shine with color (first color). For example, for the musical score example on the right side of FIG. 4A, the C, D, F, and A keys used for the performance are displayed in a predetermined color (blue) as shown in gray on the left side of the figure. Light up.

  On the other hand, the immediate lamp L2 performs an immediate guide by instructing a key to be pressed immediately at the performance timing. More specifically, the immediate lamp (for example, red LED) L2 emits light with another predetermined color (red) when lit, for example, intensively illuminates a narrow area on the lower surface of the corresponding key, A part is made to emit a sharp and sharp color with a color corresponding to another emission color (second color). For example, at the performance timing of the first beat of the musical score example on the right side of FIG. 4A, the C key to be pressed immediately at this timing is displayed in another predetermined color (red) as indicated by a star on the left side of the figure. Light up.

  In this system, as shown in FIGS. 4B to 4D, a “example playback” mode for performing an exemplary performance of each measure in accordance with music data, and a “try” mode for allowing the user to practice performance of each measure thereafter. (3) lesson steps 1 to 3 are provided, and the user repeats the same measure again if the try fails in the try mode, and proceeds to the next measure if the try is successful. be able to. In addition, the reproduction (performance) of the music data is controlled so that, in any of the lesson steps 1 to 3, an exemplary performance is performed by sounding one measure in the sample reproduction mode, and not in the trial mode. .

  The basics of the performance practice guide (navigation) in this system are as follows. As shown on the left side of FIG. 4 (A), a notice lamp (first guide display) that performs a notice guide by shining a key to be pressed in the last one measure in a predetermined display mode. 4) and L1 and an immediate lamp (second guide indicator) L2 for performing an immediate guide by illuminating a key to be pressed at this time in a different display mode. ) As shown on the right side, the keyboard display mode in the sample playback and try mode is controlled to be different according to the level of lesson steps 1 to 3, and the immediate guide and notice guide are displayed according to the progress of the lesson step level. It is in the point to omit.

  For example, in lesson step 1, as shown on the right side of FIG. 4 (B), in the model playback mode, the key is displayed in two modes by the warning lamp L1 and the immediate lamp L2 in accordance with the model performance, and also in the trial mode. In these two modes, the advance notice and the immediate guide are given. In lesson step 2 of the next level, as shown on the right side of FIG. 4 (C), in the model playback mode, only the prediction display key is lit by the warning lamp L1 in accordance with the model performance. Only the notice guide that shines the key. In lesson step 3 of the highest level, only one bar of sound is played in the sample playback mode, and the key display and key pressing guide are not performed in any mode as shown in the right side of FIG. .

  The lesson scheme of FIG. 4 can be summarized as follows: In this system, for each key of the keyboard to be played, a notice and an immediate lamp (eg, different colors) that can be displayed in two ways. L1 and L2 are provided (A). The lesson is composed of a plurality of steps (BD) according to the performance skill of the user, and each step has a model playback mode (1) in which model performance is performed according to performance information and a trial (practice) in which model performance is not performed. Mode (2) is provided, but the guide display of the performance operation is controlled according to the stage. That is, in lesson step 1, all keys appearing in one measure (or one phrase) are displayed in the first mode by the notice lamp L1, and the keys to be pressed at each performance point are displayed in the second mode by the immediate lamp L2. A guide is displayed (B). Next, when proceeding to lesson step 2, guide display is performed only in the first mode by the notice lamp L1 (C), and no guide display is performed in lesson step 3 (D).

[Example of processing flow for performance practice]
In the performance practice system according to one embodiment of the present invention, the “lesson process” (performance practice process) as described above can be executed according to the performance practice program. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the procedure of lesson processing according to one embodiment of the present invention.

  When this lesson processing is started, the CPU 1 displays a music selection screen on the display 15. First, in the first step P 1, a plurality of music (music titles) presented on the music selection screen by the user operating the setting operator 14. When a desired music is selectively designated from among the music numbers and the music number, the music data used for the performance practice of the designated music is loaded from the ROM 3 or the external storage device 4 into the music data storage area on the RAM 2. In the next step P2, it is checked whether or not there is a music lesson history file, that is, whether or not a music lesson history file has already been created and stored in the history file storage area of the external storage device 4.

  If it is determined that there is no lesson history file for the music (P2 → NO), a new lesson history file for the music is created in step P3. That is, the musical tone information of the music data loaded on the RAM 2 is analyzed, and similar information SM indicating that there are similar or identical musical tone generation patterns in other bars is generated for each bar unit of the music data. In the history file storage area on the RAM 2, a new lesson history file is created by associating the generated similar information SM with each measure of the music data.

  After the file is created, the process proceeds to Step P4, where normal reproduction processing is performed for reproducing the music data by one music piece, and the musical performance is generated based on the musical sound information of the music data through the musical sound generator 8-9-17 to perform the model performance. At the same time, if necessary, the musical score for one song represented by the music data is progressively displayed on the display 15 through the display circuit 7 in accordance with the generation of the musical sound, for example, the musical score is scrolled as the music progresses. Move the cursor to indicate the current performance point.

  On the other hand, if there is a lesson history file for the song (P2 → YES), the process proceeds to step P5, where the lesson history file for the song is read from the external storage device 4 and loaded into the history file storage area on the RAM 2. Proceed to P6. In Step P6, the user is inquired through the guidance screen on the display 15 whether or not the lesson of the music is “continuation lesson”. Here, “continuation lesson” means that performance practice is continuously performed in consideration of past practice results, and selection items such as “continue lesson” or “new lesson” are displayed on the guidance screen. The

  Then, the user selects “New lesson” to redo the exercise from the beginning, and further selects “Redo” from lesson 1, lesson 2 or lesson 3, and instructs not to continue the lesson. When (P6 → NO), the process proceeds to Step P7, where the hold mark set in the hold information RS of the lesson history file of the music is erased, and the clear lesson level (K1-K3) is set for the clear information CL. ), The clear mark of the level equal to or higher than the redo level is deleted (◯ → −). In this case, the similar information SM is not erased. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step P4 to perform the normal reproduction process described above.

  On the other hand, when “continue lesson” is selected by the user and there is an instruction to continue the lesson (P6 → YES), the process proceeds to step P8 and any of the clear information CL of the lesson history file is selected. The “review playback process” is performed in which all songs are modeled except for the clear part in the music specified by the clear marks of the levels (K1 to K3). That is, in the review playback process, the model performance based on the music data is performed by muting the tone reproduction of the clear portion and playing only the non-clear portion, and the user actually plays the keyboard 13 for the clear portion. A musical sound according to the actual performance information input from the operation detection circuit 5 is generated through the musical sound generator 8-9-17. In the review reproduction process, the musical score of the music piece can be progressively displayed on the display 15 in accordance with the musical tone as necessary.

  After the normal reproduction process or the review reproduction process (P4, P8), in step P9, the user is asked whether or not the music is to be displayed in an overhead view through the guidance screen on the display 15, and the overhead view is displayed based on the user operation. When an instruction to do so is given (P9 → YES), the process proceeds to steps P10 to P12 in sequence to display the bird's-eye view display screen of this music on the display 15.

  That is, first, in step P10, the entire composition of the music is schematically displayed in units of bars in accordance with the bar information of the music data. Next, in step P11, a measure in which a similar mark is set according to the similar information SM in the lesson history file corresponding to each measure of the music data (that is, a measure having a common measure feature symbol, referred to as a similar mark measure). It highlights by 1st aspect Em1 (for example, thick frame). Here, in the case of phrases in which similar mark bars are continuous in the same pattern, the entire phrase is surrounded by a thick frame. In step P12, a measure (clear mark measure) with a clear mark at any level (K1 to K3) of the clear information CL is highlighted in the second mode Em2, for example, display of a clear mark measure. The block is filled with a predetermined color or pattern.

When there is no instruction to display the bird's-eye view (P9 → NO) or after the display process of the bird's-eye display screen (P10 to P12) (P12), the process proceeds to step P13, and the user tries to practice from now on among the music The specification of the lesson part to be received is received, and the information of the lesson part that has received the specification is extracted from the music data. Specifically, a range of a music lesson is designated by a user operation of the setting operator 14 using a lesson part designation input screen displayed on the display 15. The following methods can be used to specify the lesson part:
(1) While listening to music, specify the beginning and end of the lesson part using the controls.
(2) Use the jog shuttle dial to specify the beginning and end of the lesson part.
(3) The music is divided in advance into a plurality of parts such as A melody, B melody, rust, etc., and any part is selected by operation of the operator.
(4) The music is divided in advance into a plurality of parts such as A melody, B melody, rust, etc., and presented in order to the user for selection.
(5) Designate an arbitrary part on the overhead view display screen by operating the operator.
The method (5) has an advantage that the overhead view display screen subjected to the display processing in steps P10 to P12 can be used as it is as the lesson part designation input screen.

  In the next step P14, the score of the designated lesson part is displayed on the score display screen based on the music information extracted in step P13. Normally, the background color of a musical score is displayed in plain white or the like, but if the displayed musical score already has a bar that has been cleared at any level (K1 to K3), the display mode of the clear portion is changed. (For example, change the background color of this part to pink). Thereafter, the process proceeds sequentially to Steps P15 to P17 (FIG. 6).

  In steps P15 to P17, lesson steps 1 to 3 are performed for the bars that are not cleared at the respective step levels (K1 to K3). After the lesson steps 1 to 3 are performed, in step P18, steps P8 and P8 are performed. The review reproduction process is performed in the same manner. In the subsequent step P19, it is determined whether or not the lesson for the entire music has been completed, or whether or not an instruction to end the lesson processing has been given by a user operation.

  Here, when it is determined that the lesson of the entire music has not ended or there is no instruction to end the lesson process (P19 → NO), the process returns to step P9 (FIG. 5) and the processes of steps P9 to P19 described above are performed. repeat. When it is determined that the lesson for the entire music has been completed or an instruction to end the lesson processing has been given (P19 → YES), the current lesson history file is stored in the history file storage area of the external storage device 4 in step P20. End this lesson process.

[Similar measure extraction process and review reproduction process]
FIG. 7 shows a procedure example of the review playback process in steps P8 and P18 of the lesson process, and FIG. 8 (1) shows a procedure of similar bar extraction process performed when a lesson history file is newly created in step P3 of the lesson process. An example is shown.

  First, the similar bar extraction process of FIG. 8A will be described. First, musical tone information of one song of the music data is analyzed according to a predetermined algorithm, and the music has a musically organized performance pattern. The phrase is divided into phrases consisting of a plurality of measures, and each divided phrase is assigned with a phrase symbol such as “A”, “B”,... In the case of the first phrase, a bar feature symbol is provisionally assigned to each bar in the order of “A1”, “A2”,. In addition, a lesson history file in which various information can be set for each measure obtained from the music data is prepared in a file storage area on the RAM 2, and the provisionally provided measure characteristic symbol is assigned to the similar information SM for each measure. Write as

In the first step Q1, a phrase similar to each other is searched between the phrases of the music. That is, note timings and pitches are sequentially compared between the divided phrases, the degree of coincidence is obtained according to a predetermined matching processing rule, and if they are completely matched, it is determined that they are the same phrase, and a predetermined value If the degree of coincidence is equal (if the note string patterns are similar), the phrase is judged to be similar, and if the degree of coincidence is less than a predetermined value, the phrase is judged to be dissimilar. For such determination of the same / similar / dissimilarity, for example, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 can be used.
JP 2002-268632 A

  In this manner, the preceding phrase and performance pattern are compared for the second and subsequent phrases, and the same or similar phrases (referred to as “similar phrases”) are found. In the next step Q2, “similar mark” is set to the measure of the similar phrase found in the prepared lesson history file. That is, each time a similar phrase is newly found, the bar feature symbol previously written as the similar information SM to each bar constituting the rear similar phrase is added to each bar of the first similar phrase. Rewrite according to the symbol. For example, when a similar phrase having the same or similar performance pattern as the first phrase is found, the phrase symbol of the similar phrase is changed to “A”, and the performance pattern is the same between the corresponding measures for each measure of the phrase. Depending on whether it is similar or similar, the bar pattern feature symbol is rewritten as “A1”, “A2”,... (Identical) or “A1 ′”, “A2 ′”,. Go. A pattern feature symbol of each measure in these similar phrases is called “similar mark”, and a series of measures having pattern feature symbols including a common phrase symbol (for example, “A”) is called “similar mark measure”.

  Thus, when a new lesson history file for the music is created, the process returns to step P4 (FIG. 5) of the lesson processing.

  Regarding the review reproduction process of FIG. 7, in the first step R1, a measure to be reproduced is selected. That is, at the beginning of the review reproduction process, the first measure of the music data is selected, and when returning to step R1, the next measure is sequentially selected. In the next step R2, the clear information CL of the lesson history file of the music is checked to determine whether or not a clear mark is set for the selected measure.

  Here, when the clear mark is not set in the measure (R2 → NO), the process proceeds to step R3, and a process of reproducing all the parts including the lesson part through the musical sound generating unit 8-9-17 is performed. Further, when the clear mark is set (R2 → YES), the process of muting the playback of the lesson part and playing the part other than the lesson part is performed.

  After the reproduction process in steps R3 and R4, the process proceeds to step R5 to determine whether or not the music ends in the measure. If the music does not end (R5 → NO), the process returns to step R1, and then A measure to be reproduced (subsequent measure) is selected, and the processing of steps R2 to R5 is repeated for the next selected measure. When the music ends (R5 → YES), the process returns to step P9 (FIG. 5) or step P19 (FIG. 6) of the lesson process.

[Lesson steps 1-3]
FIG. 8 (2) shows in common a procedure example of lesson steps 1 to 3 corresponding to skill levels (K1 to K3) executed in lesson processing steps P15 to P17. When the process proceeds to lesson step 1, 2 or 3 (P15, P16, P17) and there is no measure to be practiced, lesson step 1, 2 or 3 is not performed (through). Immediately, the process returns to the next lesson steps 2 and 3 (P16, P17) or the review reproduction process (P18).

  In the first step S1, a measure to be practiced is selected. In other words, at the beginning of the processing of this lesson step (either 1, 2 or 3), the first measure that has not yet been cleared at this level is selected from the lesson portion specified in step P13, and then When returning to step P13, the next bar is selected. Specifically, in normal lessons (new start of the lesson step, redo, etc.), each measure of the specified part is selected in order from the beginning, and in the continuous lesson, measures that are not marked with a clear mark (non-cleared) (Measures) are selected in order from the top, and in the lesson of a measure with a hold mark (referred to as “hold mark measure” or “hold measure”), only the hold mark measure is selected in order from the top.

  In the subsequent step S2, the selected measure is “exemplified reproduction” in a manner corresponding to any one of the lesson steps 1, 2, or 3, and the musical sound generators 8-9-17 to 1 according to the musical sound information of the music data. Generate musical notes for bars. In this case, for the lesson steps 1 and 2, the notice lamp L1 is turned on to display the key to be pressed in the measure, and in the lesson step 1, the lighting of the immediate lamp L2 is further controlled according to the tone generation timing of the musical sound information. The keys to be pressed are sequentially displayed.

  After the model reproduction, the process proceeds to step S4, prompting the user to perform a performance practice by voice or screen display, and causing the user to try the performance practice of the measure along with a signal to start the trial. While the user is trying, the musical tone generation based on the musical tone information is muted, and for lesson steps 1 and 2, a key press guide corresponding to the level is performed in the same display manner as in the case of playing the model, and the user's trial is performed. A musical tone is generated from the musical tone generator 8-9-17 according to the performance information, and the performance performance of the user is evaluated by sequentially comparing the actual performance information and the musical tone information.

  When the measure is finished, in the next step S5, it is determined whether or not the try is successful (passed score is exceeded) based on the performance evaluation contents. Here, when the performance content at the time of the trial does not reach the passing score and it is determined that the trial is unsuccessful (S4 → NO), for example, it is possible to select “retry” or “hold” for the measure. It is displayed on the display screen 15 and the user's intention when the trial is unsuccessful is consulted. In step S5, it is determined whether or not the hold is instructed by the user operation.

  Here, when a re-challenge is instructed without the user wishing to hold (S5 → NO), the process returns to step S2, and steps S2 to S5 described above are performed while the re-challenge is instructed without a successful try. When the hold is instructed (S5 → YES), the process proceeds to step S6, and the hold mark is set in the hold information RS of the measure in the lesson history file.

  If it is determined in step S4 that the try is successful (S4 → YES), the process proceeds to step S7, and in the lesson history file, a clear mark is added to the level corresponding to the clear information CL (K1 to K3) in the measure. In step S8, the musical score display mode of the measure displayed on the musical score display screen is changed (Em3: pink background color, for example).

  After setting the hold mark or changing the display (S6, S8), the process proceeds to step S9, and the lesson part specified in step 13 (FIG. 5) has not been cleared at the level of the lesson steps 1-3. It is determined whether or not processing has been completed for all measures. Here, when it is determined that the processing of all the bars has not been completed (S9 → NO), the process returns to step S1, selects the next bar, and repeats the processes of steps S2 to S8 described above for the next bar, If it is determined that the processing of all measures has been completed (S9 → YES), the process proceeds to step S10.

  In step S10, it is determined whether or not there is a measure (pending mark measure) for which the holding mark RS is set in the designated lesson portion. If there is a holding mark measure (S10 → YES), in step S11, Furthermore, the user is asked through the screen whether or not to re- lesson the hold mark measure. Here, when a re-lesson of the reserved mark measure is instructed by the user operation (S11 → YES), the process returns to step S1, and the processing of steps S2 to S10 is performed for the first measure among the reserved mark measures, and the reserved mark measure is performed. While the next lesson is instructed, the processes in steps S2 to S10 are repeated for the next reserved mark measure. In this case, if the try is successful, the hold mark RS of the measure is deleted in step S7.

  When there is no reserved mark measure in the designated lesson portion (S10 → NO) or when no re-lesson of the reserved mark measure is instructed (S11 → NO), lesson step 1 of this level (K1 to K3) The processes of .about.3 are terminated, and the process returns to the corresponding steps P16 to P18 (FIG. 6) of the lesson process. That is, when the process of lesson step 1 or lesson step 2 is completed, the process returns to steps P16 and P17, respectively, and the processes of lesson steps P2 and P3 are executed according to the procedure of FIG. When the above process is completed, the process returns to step P18 to execute the replay process (FIG. 7) of the designated lesson part.

[Various Embodiments]
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above with reference to the drawings. However, this is merely an example, and the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, as a display method for guiding the performance operator, any method may be used as in the following (1) to (4).
(1) As in the embodiment, a light source is provided below the keyboard and guided by light transmitted through a keyboard formed of a translucent material.
(2) A system in which a light source is provided on the side of the keyboard and guided by light transmitted through a keyboard formed of a material that is translucent and diffuses light,
(3) A system having a light source obliquely above the base of the keyboard (near the rotation fulcrum) and guiding the base of the keyboard from obliquely above,
(4) A method in which a light source provided near the base of the keyboard is directly lit, and so on.

  A first display mode for a notice guide that displays performance operators corresponding to all notes appearing in the “section”, and a second display for an immediate guide that displays performance operators to be operated at each time point About a display mode, you may employ | adopt two different display systems among the several display systems mentioned above, and employ | adopt two types of display devices (light sources) according to one display system, for example, a different display mode [For example, color (Blue / red), brightness (dark / bright), lighting location (entire / local), etc.) may be different. Further, a different display mode may be obtained by adopting one type of display (light source) and changing its lighting method (continuous lighting / flashing) (for example, Patent Document 1).

  In particular, as in the embodiment, the first display mode for the advance guide and the second display mode for the immediate guide are configured to have different clarity (blurred / clear, light / dark, dark / light, etc.). In some cases, it matches the human sense and the display is easy to understand.

  The “section” that is a unit of performance practice is a measure in the embodiment, but the length is not limited to a measure unit as long as it is an appropriate length as a practice unit. Therefore, it may be shorter or longer than the measure. Moreover, the length may differ for every area. In addition, as for the segment break, information indicating it may be included in the music data in advance, or the music data may be analyzed to automatically determine an appropriate position as the segment break. It may be specified by operating the operator. The interval may be automatically determined based on the speed and complexity of the notes. Also, lessons may be given by considering a plurality of consecutive sections out of a plurality of sections divided in advance as one section.

  Regarding the number of lesson steps, in the embodiment, a lesson consisting of three steps (steps) has been described, but the lesson step number is not limited to this, and lesson steps of less than three or four or more steps may be configured. It includes at least a first lesson stage in which the entire section notice guide and an immediate guide at each time point are provided, and a second lesson stage in which only the entire section notice guide is provided, and the order of lessons according to the user's performance skills is the first lesson stage. It is only necessary to proceed to the second lesson stage, and it may consist of only these two stages or may be four or more stages. Further, another lesson stage may be included between the first lesson stage and the second lesson stage.

  As for the part to be practiced, the melody part is exemplified in the embodiment, but not limited to this, an accompaniment part may be used. In addition, lesson history may be stored a plurality of times.

It is a hardware block diagram of the performance practice system by one Example of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the lesson history file used with the performance practice system by one Example of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the display screen and reproduction image in the performance practice system by one Example of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the outline | summary of each lesson step in the performance practice system by one Example of this invention. It is a part of flowchart which shows the procedure of the lesson process by one Example of this invention. It is the other part of the flowchart showing the procedure of the lesson process by one Example of this invention. It is a flowchart showing the procedure of the review reproduction | regeneration processing by one Example of this invention. It is a flowchart showing the procedure of the similar bar extraction process and lesson steps 1-3 according to one Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

L1 notice guide LED lamp (first guide indicator),
L2 LED lamp for immediate guide (second guide indicator),
n-1, n, n + 1, n + 2 measure number,
Similar information indicating similarity of performance pattern with SM measure feature symbol,
CL Clear information that clear marks are set for each lesson level K1 to K3,
Hold information with RS hold mark set,
Em1, Em2, Em3 First highlight (similar) and second and third highlight (clear).

Claims (5)

Music information supply means for supplying music information divided into a plurality of time intervals to the storage means;
In accordance with a user operation, practice target designation means for designating one to a plurality of continuous sections in the music information as practice targets;
Information extracting means for extracting information corresponding to the section designated as the practice target by the practice target designation means from the music information;
Performance information utilization means for utilizing the information extracted by the information extraction means as model performance information for the user's actual performance,
The performance information utilization means is:
Clear determination means for evaluating the user's actual performance content for the practice target based on the model performance information and determining that the practice target section has been cleared when a predetermined evaluation is obtained;
A post-evaluation music reproduction means for sequentially reproducing the music information over a plurality of sections after the evaluation by the clear determination means, and the music information is not reproduced for the section determined to be cleared by the clear determination means, A performance practice device comprising: a section that reproduces the music information for sections other than the section. further,
Comprising a display means;
The performance information utilization means further causes the display means to display the model performance information, and changes the display mode of the section determined to be cleared by the clear determination means for the displayed model performance information. The performance practice device according to claim 1, further comprising means. further,
3. The performance practice apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising clear section information storage means for storing evaluation information in a section determined to be cleared by the clear determination means as history information. further,
Prior to the practice target designation by the practice target designation means, the music information is sequentially reproduced over a plurality of sections, and the music reproduction means before practice target designation is cleared by the clear determination means based on the contents of the history information. 4. The performance practice device according to claim 3, further comprising: a unit that does not reproduce the music information for the section determined to be, and reproduces the music information for a section other than the section. To a computer that functions as a performance practice device,
A music information supply step of supplying music information divided into a plurality of time intervals to the storage means;
In accordance with a user operation, a practice target designation step for designating one to a plurality of continuous sections in the music information as a practice target;
An information extraction step for extracting information corresponding to the section designated as the practice target in the practice target designation step from the music information;
A performance information utilization step for utilizing the information extracted in the information extraction step as model performance information for the user's actual performance,
The performance information utilization step is as follows:
A clear determination step of evaluating the user's actual performance content for the practice target based on the model performance information, and determining that the practice target section has been cleared when a predetermined evaluation is obtained;
In the post-evaluation music playback step for sequentially playing back the music information over a plurality of sections after the evaluation in the clear determination step, the music information is not played back for the section determined to be cleared by the clear determination means, A performance practice program for executing a procedure including a section for reproducing the music information for sections other than this section.

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