JP4621857B2 - Solar thermal energy collector - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a solar thermal energy collecting device that collects sunlight with a mirror or the like and obtains heat, and more particularly to a device that obtains high-temperature and high-pressure heat output.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in a device that obtains a high temperature of 200 ° C. or higher by solar heat, a heliostat that places a heat collector on a high tower and tracks sunlight with a high accuracy of about 0.1 to 1 degree on this heat collector. A tower system that collects light using about 1000 plane mirrors and obtains a high temperature, a system that collects heat by placing a heat collecting tube at the focal position of a cylindrical parabolic mirror, and a concentric array of concave mirrors. There is a method of placing a heat collector (dish-staring solar power generation method).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
All of the conventional methods have drawbacks such as tracking the sunlight by moving the mirror with high accuracy, making the entire system large, and requiring a special mirror.
The present invention uses a simple plane mirror to obtain a high-temperature heat source of several hundred degrees Celsius from sunlight without using a large-scale solar tracking method, and even if the minimum unit of output of one system is several kW It is an object of the present invention to make it possible to satisfy sufficiently high temperature and high efficiency specifications and to achieve the same high temperature and high efficiency over a wide output range of 10 kW to several 100 MW by connecting a plurality of systems.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Increasing the efficiency of the solar energy collector is to increase the input / loss ratio. For that purpose, like the tower method, the sunlight is collected by a mirror, and the input to the unit area of the heat collector is increased, and the vacuum flat plate solar heat collector (hereinafter referred to as the solar heat collector) There was a method to reduce the loss per unit area of the collector.
[0005]
When concentrating with about 1000 mirrors as in the tower method, the heat transfer loss from the heat collector to the surrounding air and the radiation loss due to radiation from the surface of the heat collector are the input density to the heat collector. Although it was very large, it was not a problem. However, when trying to increase the efficiency with a small number of mirrors, the above two losses from the collector itself become a serious problem.
[0006]
On the other hand, solar heat collectors were developed based on the principle of improving efficiency without condensing light with a mirror, etc., so that heat conduction escaping through the pillars supporting the heat collector and surrounding gases are transmitted. The heat loss due to heat transfer (hereinafter referred to as heat transfer loss) and the radiation loss from the heat collector are drastically reduced.
Heat transfer loss is extremely reduced by vacuum insulation, and most of the loss is radiation loss, but the radiation loss is reduced by the selective absorption film.
[0007]
By skillfully utilizing the advantages of both, a high-efficiency solar thermal energy collector with high temperature output is obtained. That is, a small number of plane mirrors are used to collect sunlight, and the energy is efficiently output by a low-loss solar heat collector.
[0008]
The feature of the solar heat collector is that there is no air around the heat collector, so there is very little heat transfer loss such as transfer loss due to the surrounding air. The majority is due to infrared radiation (secondary radiation) from the surface of the collector. Therefore, if the performance of the selective absorption film attached to the surface of the heat collector is good, the efficiency is greatly improved.
[0009]
This radiation loss is determined regardless of the input when the temperature of the collector surface and the emissivity of the surface are determined, and the heat transfer loss is also determined to be a constant value. In other words, the total loss is determined. Therefore, the solar heat input exceeding this total loss becomes the output as it is.
[0010]
Taking advantage of this feature to the maximum, use multiple plane mirrors with an area equivalent to or larger than an efficient solar collector and its window area (same as long as it is not necessary to be exactly the same). Then, the reflected sunlight is condensed on one solar heat collecting device to obtain a high temperature, high efficiency solar heat collecting device.
Instead of a complicated three-dimensional solar tracking device such as a conventional heliostat, a simple two-dimensional tracking device, a plane mirror, and a solar heat collecting device are devised to efficiently collect sunlight. .
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1A and 1B are views showing a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a front view and FIG. 1B is a plan view.
[0012]
The first embodiment is composed of a solar heat collecting device 1 and a plurality of plane mirrors 2, as viewed from above as shown in (b), the plurality of flat mirrors 2 are not installed directly below the solar heat collecting device 1, Although the figure arranged on both sides is shown, it may be arranged on only one side.
[0013]
The plane mirror 2 may be one on each side, but considering the light collection efficiency, it is desirable that two or more pairs of two on one side, or three or more on only one side, as illustrated. Further, the plane mirror 2 is illustrated as having an area larger than the area of the transparent window 3 of the solar heat collecting apparatus 1. However, if the total area of the plurality of plane mirrors 2 is larger than the area of the transparent window 3, each plane mirror 2 The area of 2 may not be larger than the area of the transparent window 3.
[0014]
The plane mirror 2 is supported by a support 4, and pillars 5 are fixed to the four corners of the support 4, and the pillars 5 are attached to a rotating shaft 6 provided in the vicinity of the solar heat collecting apparatus 1.
The rotary shaft 6 is connected to a position adjuster 7 and is used when changing the inclination angle of the plane mirror 2 as will be described later.
[0015]
2A and 2B are diagrams showing an example of a solar heat collecting apparatus applied to the present invention, where FIG. 2A is a sectional view and FIG. 2B is a plan view.
[0016]
The solar heat collecting apparatus 1 accommodates the heat collector 9 in the housing | casing 8 hold | maintained in the vacuum, and attaches the transparent window 3 of glass, for example to the surface into which sunlight injects.
The collector 9 is formed with a selective absorption film 10 having wavelength selectivity that absorbs most of the energy in the wavelength band centered on visible light on the surface thereof, for example, a water input port 11 that is a heat medium, and an output. A mouth 12 is provided.
[0017]
Although the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 is usually installed upward toward the sun, it is installed downward in the present invention, so that the transparent window 3 is shown on the lower side.
[0018]
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an installation angle of the plane mirror 2 when the plane mirror 2 in the first embodiment is disposed on both sides of the solar heat collecting apparatus 1. In order to avoid complication of the figure, the sunlight 13 is displayed only on the right side mirror 2.
[0019]
All the plane mirrors 2 are installed at an inclination angle such that the sunlight 13 incident at a right angle on the back surface of the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 is reflected by the plane mirror 2 and enters the transparent window 3. Since the plane mirror 2 has an area larger than that of the transparent window 3, the reflected sunlight 3 is not strict but all enters the transparent window 3.
[0020]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the control circuit of the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the position adjuster 7 is connected to a rotary shaft 6 that fixes a column 5 attached to a support 4 that supports the plane mirror 2.
[0021]
The position adjuster 7 is driven by a motor 14 and adjusts the position of the plane mirror 2 in a one-day cycle or one-year cycle according to the time of the day or the height of the sun that changes according to the season of the year. It is configured with a simple gear mechanism, and the rotation of the motor 14 is extremely slowed by a combination of gears.
[0022]
The motor 14 is controlled by a computer (computer, CPU) 15 using its clock function or the like. However, since the position adjuster 7 moves with a cycle of one day or one year, its movement speed is very slow. The output required for the motor 14 is very small.
[0023]
The power supply 16 supplies a current to the motor 14 and the computer 15, but since the output of the motor 14 is very small, the power supply 16 may have a small output, and a solar cell is recommended.
[0024]
The sun repeats day and night with one day as one cycle and changes its position depending on the time of day. In addition, it makes a round trip from the north return line to the south return line on the earth in one year, and changes the height at the time of south and middle.
The position adjuster 7 changes the tilt angle of the plane mirror 2 at the same time according to either one of one period or one year according to the height of the sun. And function to collect sunlight efficiently.
Whether to adjust to a cycle of one day or one year is determined by the geographical conditions of the place of installation.
[0025]
If the position adjuster 7 is only adapted to the period of one day or one year, it will follow the sun in three dimensions rather than follow the sun in three dimensions. This is because the position adjusting machine 7 has a simple structure to reduce the price.
Further, the reduction in the light collection efficiency due to the two-dimensional tracking device is compensated by increasing the area of the plane mirror 2 which is cheaper than the light receiving area of the transparent window 3. In this way, the cost performance of the entire apparatus is improved.
[0026]
The reason why the area of the plane mirror 2 is extended in the vertical direction in the drawing to be larger than the area of the transparent window 3 in FIG. 1B is to supplement the function of the position adjuster 7.
That is, in FIG. 1B, the sunlight incident on the plane mirror 2 obliquely from above is effectively incident on the transparent window 3, and goes straight to the adjustable surface of the position adjuster 7 that moves only two-dimensionally. This is to increase the sunlight collection efficiency on the surface.
[0027]
In the above description, the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 in FIG. 1 is fixed and only the plane mirror 2 is moved. However, the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 may change the position by the same angle simultaneously with the angle adjustment of the flat mirror 2.
In this case, the solar heat collecting device 1 is fixed to the rotating shaft 6, and the plane mirror 2 and the solar heat collecting device 1 are simultaneously changed by the same angle by the position adjuster 7.
In addition, although it is more efficient to adjust the position of the solar heat collecting device 1 simultaneously with the plane mirror 2, depending on the output temperature, it may be better to move only the plane mirror 2.
[0028]
This is because when the output temperature becomes high, the vapor pressure of the heat medium increases, and it may be difficult to move the position of the output pipe of the solar heat collecting apparatus 1. For example, when the output temperature is 300 ° C. and water is used as the heat medium, the vapor pressure is 85 atm, 360 ° C. and 186 atm. It is technically difficult to move such a high-pressure pipe, This is because, if executed forcibly, the price of the entire apparatus increases and the cost performance deteriorates.
[0029]
However, in order to obtain water from seawater by distillation, when used at an output of about 120 ° C., the vapor pressure is only 1.9 atm. In this case, the solar collector 1 is moved together with the plane mirror 2. Is efficient.
[0030]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a view of an example in which a plurality of systems are connected (hereinafter referred to as an integrated system) as viewed from above.
[0031]
A plurality of systems for the solar thermal energy collection device shown in FIG. 1 are prepared and connected in series. Therefore, the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 and the plane mirror 2 are almost the same as those in the first embodiment. However, in the case of FIG. 5, unlike FIG. 1, the length of the plane mirror 2 in the vertical direction is the same as that of the transparent window 3, and the area of the plane mirror 2 is equal to the area of the transparent window 3.
Instead, an additional plane mirror 20 having the same configuration as that of the plane mirror 2 is added in the vertical direction in the figure, that is, outside the plane mirror 2 of the outermost system, in order to pick up obliquely incident sunlight and increase the efficiency. Yes.
Therefore, the total area of the plane mirror 2 and the additional plane mirror 20 is larger than the total area of the transparent window 3.
[0032]
All the plane mirrors 2 and 20 including the additional plane mirror 20 are installed on the same plane, and the transparent window 3 is also installed on the same plane, although it is different from the plane where the plane mirrors 2 and 20 exist. In FIG. 5, the plane mirrors 2 and 20 are arranged on both sides of the solar heat collecting apparatus 1, but it is needless to say that the arrangement may be made on only one side.
Further, the rotary shaft 6, the position adjuster 7 and the control circuit shown in FIG. 4 provided in common in a plurality of systems are the same as those in the first embodiment.
[0033]
The input port 11 of each solar heat collecting apparatus 1 is connected to a common input pipe 21, and the output port 12 is connected to an output pipe 22. The input pipe 21 is connected to a pump 23, and heat medium water is fed into the input pipe 21 by the pump 23.
A heat exchanger 24 is connected to the output pipe 22, and high-temperature heat energy is extracted from the steam that has become high temperature by the heat exchanger 24, and is supplied to, for example, a turbine and used for power generation or the like.
[0034]
The steam passing through the heat exchanger 24 passes through the pipe 25, is liquefied into water by a device (not shown), and is sent out to the input pipe 21 by the pump 23, and this is repeated cyclically.
[0035]
In order to change the inclination angles of all the plane mirrors 2 and 20 at a time according to the height of the sun in one day or one year, the rotation of the motor 14 is controlled by the position adjuster 7 under the control of the computer 15 shown in FIG. It is the same as in the first embodiment that the rotation shaft 6 is rotated at a low speed.
[0036]
Further, if the solar heat collecting device 1 is fixed to the rotating shaft 6, the solar heat collecting device 1 can be simultaneously changed by the same inclination angle simultaneously with the position adjustment of the plane mirrors 2 and 20, as in the first embodiment.
[0037]
Even if a plurality of systems are connected, the movement speed of the position adjuster 7 is slow in a cycle of one day or one year, so that the output required for the motor 14 is very small. . The daily cycle requires more power than the one-year cycle, but it may be supplemented by adding more solar cells.
[0038]
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the additional plane mirror. (A) is a side view of the integrated system shown in FIG. 5 and shows a case where the position adjuster 7 for changing the inclination angle of the plane mirrors 2 and 20 has a cycle of one year.
In (a), the longitudinal direction of the integrated system, that is, the vertical direction of the integrated system of FIG. Since the number of systems to be connected is an example, the number of transparent windows and plane mirrors is different from that in FIG.
[0039]
The additional plane mirrors 201 and 202 are added to allow sunlight 131 and 132 in the case of the morning sun incident obliquely to enter the transparent windows 301 and 302. The additional plane mirrors 20n-1 and 20n are added to allow sunlight 133 and 134 in the case of sunset incident obliquely to enter the transparent windows 30n-1 and 30n.
[0040]
The position adjuster 7 shown in FIG. 5 moves the group of the transparent window 3 and the plane mirrors 2 and 20 at a cycle of one year at an angle of about 50 degrees, which is a change angle of the height of sunlight for one year. In Japan, the angle between the transparent window 3 and the ground surface is about 50 degrees in Equinox and Equinox.
The position adjuster 7 allows the sunlight to enter at right angles to the transparent window 3 throughout the year according to the height of the sun that changes according to the season, but the ability of the position adjuster 7 is limited to two dimensions. From other times except for noon, sunlight enters the plane mirrors 2 and 20 at a slight angle. It becomes particularly slanted in the morning and evening.
[0041]
Asahi sunlight 131, 132 is reflected by additional plane mirrors 301, 302 and enters transparent windows 301, 302. If the plane mirrors 301 and 302 are not provided, the sunlight 131 and 132 is wasted. The plane mirrors 301 and 302 added in this way are useful for improving the sunlight collection efficiency.
[0042]
If sunlight is taken in from 9 am to 3 pm, the number of additional plane mirrors to be added is at most 4 to 5 on the left and right of the figure. The total system price does not increase so much even if 20 plane mirrors are added in total, 5 on each side of the figure. This is because the plane mirror is inherently cheap and the position adjuster 7 can be used almost as it is.
[0043]
FIG. 6B is a side view of the integrated system shown in FIG. 5 and shows a case where the position adjusting machine 7 that changes the inclination angle of the plane mirrors 2 and 20 is installed in the northern hemisphere with a daily cycle.
In (b), the longitudinal direction of the integrated system, that is, the vertical direction of the integrated system of FIG. Since the number of systems to be connected is an example, the number of transparent windows and plane mirrors is different from that in FIG. 5, but only those necessary for the explanation are shown.
[0044]
Sunlight 135, 136, and 137 indicate oblique sunlight entering winter. Since these are northern hemispheres, they are reflected by additional plane mirrors 200, 201, 202 added only on the south side and enter transparent windows 301, 302, 303.
Summer sunlight 138 enters the plane mirror 202 from a high position, is reflected, and enters the transparent window 301. In this case, the plane mirrors 200 and 201 are useless.
[0045]
In the case of a one-day cycle, the transparent window 3 can be made perpendicular to the sunlight following the morning and evening sunlight, but when used in Japan, the sunlight is 30 to 30 times depending on the season. Since the incident angle is changed to 75 degrees, the transparent window 3 cannot be brought at a right angle with the change. This is because the position adjuster 7 can handle only one of the daily change and the yearly change of sunlight.
[0046]
Assuming that sunlight is incident at 30 degrees, it is sufficient to add about 10 plane mirrors in the south direction. However, if Japan is designed to cope with daily changes in the position of sunlight, In this case, sunlight is incident at an angle of about 50 degrees on an average of 30 to 75 degrees for one year, which lowers the efficiency considerably.
To eliminate this drawback, it is better to build the entire system toward the south in the case of the Northern Hemisphere, but building an integrated system of several tens to several hundreds of meters leads to an increase in price, like the southern slope of a mountain. It is not a good idea unless you can use natural terrain.
[0047]
Although the system of building the system of FIG. 1 toward the south is also a good system, when a large number of the systems of FIG. 1 are gathered to make a comprehensive system, the position adjustment is performed because many plane mirrors 2 are not on the same rotation axis. Either a large number of machines 7 are required, or an interlocking device for moving all the plane mirrors 2 with one position adjusting machine 7 is necessary.
There are several methods of installation as an integrated system, but the overall cost-effectiveness must be examined to decide which method to use.
[0048]
Next, theoretically examining, the input energy amount of solar heat reaching the heat collector 9 through the transparent window 3 shown in FIG. 2 is h, the output energy amount at that time is w, and the current collector 9 at that time Let T be the surface temperature.
h varies depending on the weather and season, but is relatively stable in deserts. Now, suppose h has kept a constant amount over several tens of minutes.
[0049]
There are two losses from the heat collector 9: heat transfer loss and radiation loss.
If the heat transfer loss is Lc and the radiation loss is Lr, the following equation is established.
h = Lc + Lr + w (1)
The values of the two losses Lc and Lr are both determined by the temperature T of the heat collector 9.
[0050]
Since the output temperature is substantially the same as the temperature T of the heat collector 9, when the output temperature is determined, the loss of the solar heat collecting device 1 is determined. Therefore, if the output temperature is fixed at, for example, 300 ° C., the loss is also determined by the solar heat collecting device 1, and the efficiency is determined by the input to the heat collector 9.
[0051]
The efficiency of the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 2 depends on the degree of vacuum and the performance of the selective absorption film 10 to be used. In the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 used in the present invention, the inside of the housing 8 is 0. The degree of vacuum is maintained at about 1 Pascal or less, and heat transfer loss is extremely reduced. For example, the temperature difference between the heat collector 9 and the transparent window 3 is about 0.2 to 0.3 W per 1 ° C. Most of the loss is an optical loss such as radiation loss and reflection absorption of the transparent window 3. It is.
[0052]
Of these, the optical loss is proportional to the amount of incident sunlight, but if the degree of vacuum in the housing 8 and the emissivity of the selective absorption film 10 on the surface of the heat collector 9 are determined, the heat transfer loss and the radiation loss are collected. It is determined only by the temperature reached by the heater 9.
[0053]
Now, the input W is aW, the total loss rate of the reflection loss of the plane mirror 2, the transmission loss of the transparent window 3, the reflection loss of the heat collector 9, etc. is b, and the total loss of the heat transfer loss and the radiation loss of the heat collector 9 is When cW and the number of plane mirrors 2 are n, the efficiency η is expressed by the following equation.
η = (a × b × nc) / (a × n) (2)
When the temperature of the heat collector 9 is determined, c is determined, and η converges on b as n increases.
[0054]
In general, since the values of a and b are substantially the same, η is larger than 0.5 at a relatively small value of n.
For example, when the surface temperature of the heat collector 9 is 300 ° C., the degree of vacuum is 0.1 Pascal, the emissivity of the selective absorption film 10 is 7%, and the surface area of the heat collector 9 is 1 m ² , the heat loss is estimated. Is around 70 W, and the radiation loss is around 400 W. The total loss is about 470W.
[0055]
Assuming that 850 W / m ² of solar energy enters the collector of 1 m ² through the transparent window 3 at the midday of midday, assuming that the loss rate b due to absorption reflection of the transparent window 3 is 0.25, the solar heat of 640 W is Input to the heat collector 9. The output of the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 at this time is 640W-470W = 170W, and efficiency is 20%.
[0056]
If the input divides 470W, the output will be zero. If the weather conditions are slightly bad, the input will divide 470 W / m ² , so if you do not collect sunlight with the plane mirror 2, it is impossible to expect an output of 300 ° C. with the above average solar heat collector 1. is there.
[0057]
However, now, assuming that one system uses n plane mirrors 2 each having 1 m ² and a reflectance of 90%, and condensing sunlight on a 1 m ² heat collector 9, 850 W / m ² In the case of sunlight, 630 W of energy enters the heat collector 9 for each plane mirror.
Therefore, if two plane mirrors 2 are used in pairs, one on each side of the solar heat collecting device 1, the output is 630 W × 2-470 W = 790 W at an output temperature of 300 ° C., and the efficiency is 46%. When four pairs are used as shown in FIG. 1, the output is 2050 W and the efficiency is 60%.
[0058]
Also, when the output temperature is 300 ° C., no output is obtained when the input is reduced from 470 W / m ² with one plane mirror 2, but 300 W when there are four plane mirrors 2 (n = 4). Even at / m ² , an output of 220 W can be obtained, and an efficiency of 22% can be expected.
When the output temperature is 200 ° C., higher efficiency can be expected than when the output temperature is 300 ° C.
[0059]
When actually installing the solar thermal energy collecting apparatus of the present invention, the solar thermal collecting apparatus 1, the rotating shaft 6, the position adjusting machine 7 and the like are installed at a height of several meters from the ground, and the transparent window 3 of the solar thermal collecting apparatus 1 is installed. A plurality of plane mirrors 2 are set on the ground at a predetermined inclination angle so as to face downward and face the solar heat collecting device 1.
[0060]
As described above, since the solar thermal energy collecting apparatus of the present invention uses the reflection of the plane mirror 2, it has a high light collecting effect and is very effective for sunlight as parallel rays on a sunny day. However, although it is not very effective in the case of cloudy weather, the plane mirror 2 is only a few meters away from the solar heat collector 1 compared to the case where the plane mirror is several hundred meters away from the heat collector as in the conventional tower type solar power generation. Because there is no, it is more efficient than the conventional method.
[0061]
For the reasons described above, the solar thermal energy collecting apparatus of the present invention is very effective for industrial fields that require high temperatures, such as solar thermal power generation in deserts where there is a lot of fine weather, or for applications such as making fresh water from seawater. .
[0062]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to build a large number of plane mirrors of about 1000 sheets and a high heat collecting tower of 100 m or more as in the conventional tower power generation, but several plane mirrors and a height of several meters. The solar heat collecting device installed in can obtain high-efficiency, high-temperature and high-pressure heat output comparable to tower power generation.
[0063]
In addition, it is possible to obtain high-temperature and high-efficiency solar thermal energy equivalent to that using a complex solar tracking device simply by tracking the sun with a simple position adjustment machine.
Further, by connecting a plurality of solar thermal energy collection system, high temperature and high efficiency can be achieved over a wide output range of 10 kW to several hundred MW.
[0064]
Furthermore, since the transparent window of the solar heat collecting device is set downward, it is not easily soiled and the transparent window is not damaged even if an object falls.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a solar heat collecting apparatus applied to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an installation angle of the plane mirror in the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a control circuit according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the effect of an additional plane mirror.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar heat collecting device 2 Plane mirror 3 Transparent window 4 Support tool 5 Support column 6 Rotating shaft 7 Position adjuster 8 Case 9 Heat collector 10 Selective absorption film 11 Input port 12 Output port 13 Sunlight 14 Motor 15 Calculator 16 Power source 20 Additional Plane mirror 21 Input pipe 22 Output pipe 23 Pump 24 Heat exchanger 25 Pipes 131 to 138 Sunlight 200 to 20n Additional plane mirrors 301 to 30n Transparent window

Claims (10)

A vacuum flat plate solar heat collecting apparatus having a housing for holding a degree of vacuum, a transparent window on which sunlight enters the housing, and a heat collector for obtaining heat from the sunlight,
In correspondence with the transparent window, comprising a plurality of plane mirrors with a total area larger than the area of the transparent window in the previous period,
The plane mirror is arranged on both sides or one side of the vacuum flat plate solar heat collecting device when viewed from above, and the plane mirror is installed at an angle so that sunlight is reflected and incident on the plane mirror set downward. A solar thermal energy collector characterized by that. The solar thermal energy collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plane mirror has an area larger than an area of the transparent window. A support that supports the plane mirror, a support attached to the support, a rotation shaft to which one end of the support is fixed, a position adjuster that rotates the rotation shaft and changes an inclination angle of the plane mirror, The solar thermal energy collecting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a motor that drives the position adjuster; a power source of the motor; and a computer that controls the motor. A vacuum flat plate solar heat collecting apparatus having a housing for holding a degree of vacuum, a transparent window on which sunlight enters the housing, and a heat collector for obtaining heat from the sunlight,
And at least two plane mirrors having an area equivalent to the area of the transparent window,
The plane mirror is arranged on both sides or one side of the vacuum flat plate solar heat collecting device when viewed from above, and the plane mirror is installed at an angle so that sunlight is reflected and incident on the plane mirror set downward. Equipped with multiple solar thermal energy collectors,
Common to the plurality of systems, an input pipe, an output pipe, a rotating shaft, a position adjusting device that changes the tilt angle of the plane mirror by rotating the rotating shaft, a motor that drives the position adjusting device, A power source for the motor and a computer for controlling the motor;
An input port of each solar energy collecting device is connected to the input pipe, an output port is connected to the output pipe, one end of a support post attached to a support supporting the plane mirror is fixed to the rotating shaft, and all plane mirrors A solar thermal energy collecting device characterized by changing the inclination angle of all at once. The solar thermal energy collector according to claim 4, further comprising an additional plane mirror having the same configuration as the plane mirror outside the plane mirror of the outermost system in the solar energy collector according to claim 4. The solar thermal energy collection device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the inclination angle of the plane mirror is changed at a cycle of one year according to the height of the sun. The solar thermal energy collection device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the inclination angle of the plane mirror is changed in a one-day cycle according to the height of the sun. The solar thermal energy collector according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the vacuum flat plate solar collector is fixed to the rotating shaft, and an inclination angle is changed together with the plane mirror. The solar thermal energy collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the position adjuster is configured by a gear mechanism. The solar thermal energy collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the power source is a solar cell.

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