JP4620381B2 - Light oil composition - Google Patents
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本発明は、軽油組成物に関し、より詳しくはディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス中のＰＭ（粒子状物質）を低減できる軽油組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a light oil composition, and more particularly to a light oil composition capable of reducing PM (particulate matter) in exhaust gas of a diesel engine.
近年、大都市部を中心に大気環境改善の必要性が一層高まり、特にディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス中のＰＭ（粒子状物質）、ＮＯｘ（窒素酸化物）など環境汚染物質の排出量の大幅な低減が求められている。
このために、燃料噴射制御機構を改良するとともに、ＤＰＦ（ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ）等の後処理装置の採用などが行われ、燃焼状態と後処理装置とを最適な組合せにすることによって目的を達成しようという方向にある。一方、燃料油の面からは、これらの後処理装置の能力を効果的に発揮させてＰＭの低減を実現するために、燃料油中の硫黄分や芳香族分を低減するなどの改良が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１、２参照）。
In recent years, there has been a growing need for air quality improvements, particularly in large urban areas, and a significant reduction in emissions of environmental pollutants such as PM (particulate matter) and NOx (nitrogen oxide) in exhaust gas from diesel engines. Is required.
For this purpose, the fuel injection control mechanism is improved, and an aftertreatment device such as DPF (diesel particulate filter) is adopted, and the object is achieved by combining the combustion state and the aftertreatment device optimally. It is in the direction of trying. On the other hand, from the aspect of fuel oil, improvements such as reducing sulfur and aromatics in fuel oil are proposed in order to realize the reduction of PM by effectively demonstrating the capabilities of these aftertreatment devices. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
しかしながら、さらに燃料油の面からＰＭの大幅な低減効果を得るには、硫黄分などの低減のみでは、不十分であり、さらなる技術革新が望まれている。 However, in order to obtain a significant PM reduction effect from the aspect of fuel oil, it is not sufficient to reduce the sulfur content alone, and further technological innovation is desired.
本発明は、このような状況下でなされたもので、ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス中のＰＭ（粒子状物質）を低減できる軽油組成物を提供することを目的とするものである。 The present invention has been made under such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a light oil composition capable of reducing PM (particulate matter) in exhaust gas of a diesel engine.
本発明者らは、燃料油の面からディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス中のＰＭ（粒子状物質）を低減できる軽油組成物を開発すべく鋭意研究した結果、特定の組成を有する軽油組成物がその目的を達成できることを見出した。本発明はかかる知見に基づいて完成したものである。 As a result of intensive studies to develop a light oil composition capable of reducing PM (particulate matter) in exhaust gas of a diesel engine from the aspect of fuel oil, the present inventors have found that a light oil composition having a specific composition has its purpose. I found that I can achieve. The present invention has been completed based on such findings.
すなわち、本発明は、
〔１〕以下の（１）〜（８）の条件を満たす軽油組成物。
（１）７０％留出温度が３３０℃以下
（２）９０％留出温度が３５５℃以下
（３）密度（１５℃）が０．８１ｇ／ｃｍ3以上
（４）セタン価が６５以下
（５）硫黄含有量が１０質量ｐｐｍ以下
（６）芳香族分の含有量が２５質量％以下、二環芳香族分の含有量が５質量％以下、かつ 三環以上の芳香族分の含有量が２質量％以下
（７）ナフテン分の含有量が５０質量％以下
（８）下記の式で表されるｐｍパラメータ（ｘ）が１．０以上
Ｘ＝〔（０．４３×ａ＋０．７２×ｂ＋ｃ＋０．９×ｅ＋１．２×ｇ＋ｉ）／ （ｄ＋１ ．４３×ｆ＋１．７２×ｈ＋２×ｊ＋３×ｋ）〕＋（０．０４×ｌ−２．０）＋１５ ０/ｍ
（式中、ａはＺ＝０のナフテン化合物の質量％，ｂはＺ＝−２のナフテン化合物の質量％，ｃはＺ＝−４のナフテン化合物の質量％，ｄはＺ＝−６の炭素数１９以下の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｅはＺ＝−６の炭素数２０以上の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｆはＺ＝−８の炭素数１９以下の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｇはＺ＝−８の炭素数２０以上の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｈはＺ＝−１０の炭素数１９以下の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｉはＺ＝−１０の炭素数２０以上の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｊは二環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｋは三環芳香族化合物の質量％、ｌはＺ＝０のノルマルパラフィンとイソパラフィンの質量％、ｍは９０％留出温度を表す。なお、Ｚ数は電解電離イオン化法（ＦＩ）質量分析法（ＭＳ）によって得られるイオンの価数を表す。）、
〔２〕
一環芳香族炭化水素についての質量分析によって得られる価数（Ｚ数）について、炭素数 １９以下の化合物の質量（ｐ％）と炭素数２０以上の化合物の質量(ｑ％)との比（ ｐ／ｑ）が以下の条件を満たす、前記〔１〕に記載の軽油組成物、
(i) Ｚ数＝−６の化合物について０．１０以下、
(ii) Ｚ数＝−８の化合物について０．２０以下、
(iii)Ｚ数＝−１０の化合物について０．０８以下、
を提供するものである。
That is, the present invention
[1] A light oil composition that satisfies the following conditions (1) to (8).
(1) 70% distillation temperature is 330 ° C. or less (2) 90% distillation temperature is 355 ° C. or less (3) Density (15 ° C.) is 0.81 g / cm 3 or more (4) Cetane number is 65 or less (5 ) Sulfur content is 10 mass ppm or less (6) Aromatic content is 25 mass% or less, Bicyclic aromatic content is 5 mass% or less, and Tricyclic or higher aromatic content is 2% by mass or less (7) Naphthene content is 50% by mass or less (8) The pm parameter (x) represented by the following formula is 1.0 or more X = [ (0.43 × a + 0.72 × b + c + 0 .9 × e + 1.2 × g + i) / (d + 1 0.43 × f + 1.72 × h + 2 × j + 3 × k) ] + (0.04 × l−2.0) + 150 / m
(Wherein, a is mass% of the naphthene compound with Z = 0, b is mass% of the naphthene compound with Z = -2, c is mass% of the naphthene compound with Z = -4, and d is carbon with Z = -6. The mass% of the monocyclic aromatic compound having a carbon number of 19 or less, e is the mass% of the monocyclic aromatic compound having 20 or more carbon atoms of Z = -6, and f is the mass of the monocyclic aromatic compound of 19 or less carbon atoms having Z = -8. %, G is the mass% of the monocyclic aromatic compound having 20 or more carbon atoms with Z = -8, h is the mass% of the monocyclic aromatic compound having 19 or less carbon atoms with Z = -10, and i is the carbon with Z = -10. The mass% of monocyclic aromatic compounds of several 20 or more, j is the mass% of the bicyclic aromatic compound, k is the mass% of the tricyclic aromatic compound, l is the mass% of normal paraffin and isoparaffin with Z = 0, m is 90% represents the distillation temperature, and the Z number is determined by electrolytic ionization ionization (FI) mass spectrometry (MS). Is represents the valence of the ion.)
[2]
About the valence (Z number) obtained by mass spectrometry for monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the ratio of the mass (p%) of the compound having 19 or less carbon atoms to the mass (q%) of the compound having 20 or more carbon atoms (p / Q) is a light oil composition according to the above [1], which satisfies the following condition:
(i) 0.10 or less for a compound having a Z number of −6,
(ii) 0.20 or less for a compound having a Z number of −8,
(iii) Z8 = 0.08 or less for the compound of −10,
Is to provide.
本発明の軽油組成物は、低硫黄分であり、かつ排気ガスのＰＭを低減することができる。また、耐摩耗性が良好である。 The light oil composition of the present invention has a low sulfur content and can reduce PM of exhaust gas. In addition, the wear resistance is good.
本発明の軽油組成物が必要とする（１）〜（８）の条件について以下に詳述する。
（１）本発明の軽油組成物は、７０％留出温度（Ｔ７０）が３３０℃以下であることが必要であり、３００℃以下であることがより好ましい。Ｔ７０が３３０℃を超えるとＰＭの排出量が増大する恐れがある。一方、Ｔ７０の下限については、特に制限はないが、エンジンの出力低下を防止する観点から、２７０℃以上が好ましい。
（２）本発明の軽油組成物は、９０％留出温度（Ｔ９０）が３５５℃以下であることが必要であり、３４０℃以下であることがより好ましい。Ｔ９０が３５５℃を超える場合もＰＭの排出量が増大する恐れがある。Ｔ９０の下限については、出力低下及びセタン価低下を回避する観点から、３１５℃以上が好ましい。なお、上記Ｔ７０、及びＴ９０は、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ２２５４に基づいて測定した蒸留性状から求めた値である。
（３）本発明の軽油組成物は、密度（１５℃）が０．８１ｇ／ｃｍ3以上であることが必要であり、０．８１５ｇ／ｃｍ3以上であることがより好ましい。密度（１５℃）が０．８１ｇ／ｃｍ3未満であれば、燃料消費量増大する可能性があり好ましくない。一方、密度（１５℃）の上限値については、黒煙発生防止の観点から、通常およそ０．８５ｇ／ｃｍ3とする。なお、この密度（１５℃）は、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ２２４９「原油及び石油製品−密度試験方法及び密度・質量・容量換算表」により測定した値である。
The conditions (1) to (8) required by the light oil composition of the present invention will be described in detail below.
(1) The light oil composition of the present invention requires a 70% distillation temperature (T70) of 330 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 300 ° C. or lower. If T70 exceeds 330 ° C, the PM emission may increase. On the other hand, the lower limit of T70 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 270 ° C. or higher from the viewpoint of preventing a decrease in engine output.
(2) The light oil composition of the present invention requires a 90% distillation temperature (T90) of 355 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 340 ° C. or lower. When T90 exceeds 355 ° C., the PM emission amount may increase. About the minimum of T90, 315 degreeC or more is preferable from a viewpoint of avoiding output fall and a cetane number fall. The above T70 and T90 are values obtained from the distillation properties measured based on JIS K 2254.
(3) The light oil composition of the present invention needs to have a density (15 ° C.) of 0.81 g / cm 3 or more, and more preferably 0.815 g / cm 3 or more. If the density (15 ° C.) is less than 0.81 g / cm 3 , the fuel consumption may increase, which is not preferable. On the other hand, the upper limit of the density (15 ° C.) is usually about 0.85 g / cm 3 from the viewpoint of preventing black smoke. The density (15 ° C.) is a value measured according to JIS K 2249 “Crude oil and petroleum products—Density test method and density / mass / capacity conversion table”.
（４）本発明の軽油組成物は、セタン価が７０以下であることが必要であり、６５以下であることがより好ましい。セタン価が７０を超える場合は、ＰＭの排出量が増大する恐れがある。また、セタン価の下限は、窒素酸化物を低減する観点から、通常４５以上が好ましい。なお、セタン価は、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ２２８０の「オクタン価及びセタン価試験方法」に従って測定した値である。 (4) The light oil composition of the present invention is required to have a cetane number of 70 or less, and more preferably 65 or less. When the cetane number exceeds 70, the PM emission amount may increase. The lower limit of the cetane number is usually preferably 45 or more from the viewpoint of reducing nitrogen oxides. The cetane number is a value measured according to “Testing method for octane number and cetane number” of JIS K 2280.
（５）本発明の軽油組成物は、硫黄分が１０質量ｐｐｍ以下、好ましくは３質量ｐｐｍ以下である。硫黄分が１０質量ｐｐｍを超えると、排ガス中のＰＭの排出量が増大し、ＰＭを構成するサルフェートが増加することになる。また、ＤＰＦ，ＮＯｘ触媒などの後処理装置が劣化する恐れもある。なお、硫黄分の含有量はＪＩＳ Ｋ ２５４１の「原油及びっ石油製品−硫黄分試験方法」に従って測定した値である。 (5) The light oil composition of the present invention has a sulfur content of 10 mass ppm or less, preferably 3 mass ppm or less. When the sulfur content exceeds 10 ppm by mass, the emission amount of PM in the exhaust gas increases and the sulfate constituting the PM increases. In addition, there is a possibility that post-processing apparatuses such as DPF and NOx catalyst deteriorate. The sulfur content is a value measured according to “Crude oil and petroleum products—sulfur content test method” of JIS K2541.
（６）本発明の軽油組成物は、芳香族分が２５質量％以下であることが必要であり、
２０質量％以下であることがより好ましい。また、芳香族分のうち、二環芳香族分が５質量％以下であることが必要であり、３質量％以下であることがより好ましい。さらに、三環以上の芳香族分については２質量％以下であることが必要であり、１質量％以下であることがより好ましい。これらの範囲を超えると、排気ガス中のＰＭ量増加を充分に抑制できない恐れがある。
(6) The light oil composition of the present invention is required to have an aromatic content of 25% by mass or less,
More preferably, it is 20 mass% or less. Moreover, it is necessary for bicyclic aromatic content to be 5 mass% or less among aromatic components, and it is more preferable that it is 3 mass% or less. Furthermore, the aromatic content of three or more rings is required to be 2% by mass or less, and more preferably 1% by mass or less. If these ranges are exceeded, an increase in the amount of PM in the exhaust gas may not be sufficiently suppressed.
（７）本発明の軽油組成物は、ナフテン分が５０質量％以下であることが必要である。ナフテン分が５０質量％を超えると、排気ガス中のＰＭ量の増加を充分に抑制できない恐れがある。 (7) The light oil composition of the present invention is required to have a naphthene content of 50% by mass or less. If the naphthene content exceeds 50% by mass, an increase in the amount of PM in the exhaust gas may not be sufficiently suppressed.
また、本発明の軽油組成物は、（８）下記の式で表されるＰＭパラメータ（Ｘ）が１．０以上であることが好ましく、１．２以上であることがより好ましい。ＰＭパラメータ（Ｘ）が１．０未満であると、目的のＰＭ低減効果が得られない恐れがある。 Further, in the light oil composition of the present invention, (8) the PM parameter (X) represented by the following formula is preferably 1.0 or more, and more preferably 1.2 or more. If the PM parameter (X) is less than 1.0, the target PM reduction effect may not be obtained.
Ｘ＝〔（０．４３×ａ＋０．７２×ｂ＋ｃ＋０．９×ｅ＋１．２×ｇ＋ｉ）／ （ｄ＋１ ．４３×ｆ＋１．７２×ｈ＋２×ｊ＋３×ｋ）〕＋（０．０４×ｌ−２．０）＋１５ ０/ｍ
X = [ (0.43 × a + 0.72 × b + c + 0.9 × e + 1.2 × g + i) / (d + 1 0.43 × f + 1.72 × h + 2 × j + 3 × k) ] + (0.04 × l−2.0 ) +15 0 / m
式中、ａはＺ＝０のナフテン化合物の質量％，ｂはＺ＝−２のナフテン化合物の質量％，ｃはＺ＝−４のナフテン化合物の質量％，ｄはＺ＝−６の炭素数１９以下の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｅはＺ＝−６の炭素数２０以上の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｆはＺ＝−８の炭素数１９以下の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｇはＺ＝−８の炭素数２０以上の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｈはＺ＝−１０の炭素数１９以下の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｉはＺ＝−１０の炭素数２０以上の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｊは二環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｋは三環芳香族化合物の質量％、ｌはＺ＝０のノルマルパラフィンとイソパラフィンの質量％、ｍは９０％留出温度を表す。また、Ｚ数は電解電離イオン化法（ＦＩ）質量分析法（ＭＳ）によって得られるイオンの価数を表す。
なお、石油製品中に一般的に見られる炭化水素化合物のタイプとＺ数の関係は、第１表のようになる。
In the formula, a is mass% of naphthene compound with Z = 0, b is mass% of naphthene compound with Z = -2, c is mass% of naphthene compound with Z = -4, and d is carbon number of Z = -6. Mass% of 19 or less monocyclic aromatic compounds, e is mass% of Z = -6 monocyclic aromatic compounds having 20 or more carbon atoms, and f is mass% of monocyclic aromatic compounds having 19 or less carbon atoms of Z = -8. , G is mass% of Z = −8 monocyclic aromatic compound having 20 or more carbon atoms, h is mass% of Z = −10 monocyclic aromatic compound having 19 or less carbon atoms, and i is carbon number of Z = −10. 20% by mass of 20 or more monocyclic aromatic compounds, j is mass% of bicyclic aromatic compounds, k is mass% of tricyclic aromatic compounds, l is mass% of normal paraffin and isoparaffin with Z = 0, m is 90 % Distillation temperature. The Z number represents the valence of ions obtained by electrolytic ionization ionization (FI) mass spectrometry (MS).
The relationship between the type of hydrocarbon compound generally found in petroleum products and the Z number is as shown in Table 1.
さらに、本発明の軽油組成物は、一環芳香族炭化水素についての質量分析によって得られる価数（Ｚ数）について、炭素数１９以下の化合物の質量（ｐ％）と炭素数２０以上の化合物の質量(ｑ％)との比（ｐ/ｑ）が以下の条件を満たすことが好ましい。
(i) Ｚ数＝−６の化合物について０．１０以下、
(ii) Ｚ数＝−８の化合物について０．２０以下、
(iii)Ｚ数＝−１０の化合物について０．０８以下、
この条件を満たす場合は、エンジンの出力を向上し、排気ガス中のＰＭ量を低減する効果が認められる。
Furthermore, the gas oil composition of the present invention is a compound having a mass (p%) of a compound having 19 or less carbon atoms and a compound having 20 or more carbon atoms, with respect to the valence (Z number) obtained by mass analysis of a partly aromatic hydrocarbon. It is preferable that the ratio (p / q) to the mass (q%) satisfies the following conditions.
(i) 0.10 or less for a compound having a Z number of −6,
(ii) 0.20 or less for a compound having a Z number of −8,
(iii) Z8 = 0.08 or less for the compound of −10,
When this condition is satisfied, the effect of improving the output of the engine and reducing the amount of PM in the exhaust gas is recognized.
本発明の軽油組成物は、さらに、次の性状を有することが好ましい。すなわち、ＨＦＲＲ試験による摩耗痕径が５００μｍ以下であることが好ましく、４６０μｍ以下であることがより好ましい。ＨＦＲＲ試験による摩耗痕径が５００μｍ以下であれば、燃料噴射ポンプ摺動部において異常摩耗が生ずる恐れがない。本発明の軽油組成物は、上記（１）〜（８）の条件を満たすことによって、ＨＦＲＲ試験による摩耗痕径を５００μｍ以下にすることができるが、これを確実にし、更に性能を高めるために潤滑性向上剤を添加することもできる。そのような潤滑性向上剤としては、例えば、リノール酸、オレイン酸、パルミチン酸、ミリスチン酸、ステアリン酸、サリチル酸などのカルボン酸類、グリセリンとカルボン酸とのエステルなどのエステル類、オレイルアルコールなどのアルコール類などが挙げられる。本発明においては、これらの潤滑性向上剤は１種、又は２種以上を添加することができ、その添加量は、通常軽油組成物を基準にして０〜１０００質量ｐｐｍである。
なお、ＨＦＲＲ試験による摩耗痕径とは、石油学会法ＪＰＩ−５Ｓ−５０−９８「軽油−潤滑性試験方法」によって測定される摩耗痕径である。
The light oil composition of the present invention preferably further has the following properties. That is, the wear scar diameter according to the HFRR test is preferably 500 μm or less, and more preferably 460 μm or less. If the wear scar diameter by the HFRR test is 500 μm or less, there is no possibility that abnormal wear will occur in the sliding portion of the fuel injection pump. By satisfying the above conditions (1) to (8), the light oil composition of the present invention can reduce the wear scar diameter by the HFRR test to 500 μm or less. In order to ensure this and further improve the performance, A lubricity improver can also be added. Examples of such lubricity improvers include carboxylic acids such as linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, and salicylic acid, esters such as esters of glycerin and carboxylic acids, and alcohols such as oleyl alcohol. And the like. In this invention, these lubricity improvers can add 1 type, or 2 or more types, The addition amount is 0-1000 mass ppm normally on the basis of a light oil composition.
In addition, the wear scar diameter by the HFRR test is a wear scar diameter measured by the Petroleum Institute method JPI-5S-50-98 “light oil-lubricity test method”.
また、本発明の軽油組成物は、３０℃における動粘度が２．５〜６．０ｍｍ2／ｓであることが好ましい。３０℃における動粘度がこの範囲であれば、エンジン内で良好な噴霧形成が達成される。 The light oil composition of the present invention preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. of 2.5 to 6.0 mm 2 / s. If the kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. is in this range, good spray formation is achieved in the engine.
本発明の軽油組成物は、任意の方法で製造することができる。例えば、次に示す軽油基材を用いて、上記（１）〜（８）の条件を満たすように適宜配合することにより調製することができる。その軽油基材としては、例えば、脱硫軽油（ＤＧＯ）、脱硫灯油（ＤＫ）、水素化分解軽油（ＨＣＧＯ）、接触分解軽油（ＬＣＯ）、脱硫重質ナフサ（ＤＨＮ）、脱ろう脱硫軽油（ＤＷＤＬＧＯ）、直脱軽油（ＤＳＧＯ）、間脱軽質軽油（ＶＨＬＧＯ）などが挙げられ、これらの基材を１種又は２種以上を配合して製造すればよい。 The light oil composition of the present invention can be produced by any method. For example, it can be prepared by appropriately blending the following light oil base material so as to satisfy the conditions (1) to (8). Examples of the light oil base include desulfurized light oil (DGO), desulfurized kerosene (DK), hydrocracked light oil (HCGO), catalytic cracked light oil (LCO), desulfurized heavy naphtha (DHN), and dewaxed desulfurized light oil (DWDLGO). ), Direct degassed light oil (DSGO), intermediate delighted light oil (VHLGO), and the like. These substrates may be produced by blending one or more of them.
本発明の軽油組成物には、前記潤滑性向上剤以外に、更に必要に応じて各種の添加剤を適宜配合することができる。このような添加剤としては、例えば、清浄剤、酸化防止剤、金属不活性化剤、セタン価向上剤、低温流動性向上剤などが挙げられる。これらの添加剤は１種又は２種以上添加することができる。また、その添加量は状況に応じて適宜選定すればよいが、通常は添加剤の合計量として軽油組成物に対して０．５質量％以下とすることが好ましい。 In addition to the lubricity improver, various additives can be appropriately blended in the light oil composition of the present invention as necessary. Examples of such additives include detergents, antioxidants, metal deactivators, cetane number improvers, low temperature fluidity improvers, and the like. One or more of these additives can be added. Moreover, the addition amount may be appropriately selected according to the situation, but it is usually preferable that the total amount of the additive is 0.5% by mass or less based on the light oil composition.
次に実施例により本発明を詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらの例によって何ら制限されるものではない。なお、軽油組成物の性状及び性能は次の方法に従って求めた。
〔軽油組成物の性状と組成〕
・セタン価
ＪＩＳ Ｋ ２２８０に準拠して測定した。
・硫黄分
ＪＩＳ Ｋ ２５４１に準拠して測定した。
・芳香族分と飽和分の分割
ガスクロマト法により分画した。
・蒸留性状
ＪＩＳ Ｋ ２５４１により測定した。
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by these examples. The properties and performance of the light oil composition were determined according to the following method.
[Properties and composition of light oil composition]
-Cetane number Measured according to JIS K 2280.
-Sulfur content Measured according to JIS K2541.
-Fractionation was performed by the gas chromatographic method with aromatic and saturated components.
-Distillation property It measured by JISK2541.
〔軽油組成物の性能〕
・ＰＭ排出量の評価方法
供試エンジンとしてＩＫＤ（平成１０年排ガス規格適合（ＫＨ）、直接噴射式、排気量３０００ｍｌ）を使用し、エンジンダイナモメーターで、１０．１５モードの評価条件でＰＭ排出量を測定した。
・ＨＦＲＲ試験による摩耗痕径の測定
石油学会法ＪＰＩ−５Ｓ−５０−９８「軽油−潤滑性試験方法」によって測定した。
[Performance of light oil composition]
・Evaluation method of PM emission IKD (1998 exhaust gas standard conformity (KH), direct injection type, displacement of 3000 ml) is used as a test engine, and PM emission is performed under an evaluation condition of 10.15 mode with an engine dynamometer. The amount was measured.
-Measurement of wear scar diameter by HFRR test Measured by Petroleum Institute method JPI-5S-50-98 "light oil-lubricity test method".
実施例１〜３及び比較例１、２
第２表に示した基材を用いて、第３表に示す割合で混合して、軽油組成物を調製し、その性状・組成及び性能を第３表に示す。
Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2
Using the base materials shown in Table 2, the light oil composition was prepared by mixing at the ratio shown in Table 3, and the properties, composition and performance thereof are shown in Table 3.
本発明の軽油組成物によれば、ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガスから排出されるＰＭを低減させることができ、環境汚染の改善に利用することができる。
According to the light oil composition of the present invention, PM discharged from exhaust gas of a diesel engine can be reduced and can be used for improving environmental pollution.
Claims (2)
（１）７０％留出温度が３３０℃以下
（２）９０％留出温度が３５５℃以下
（３）密度（１５℃）が０．８１ｇ／ｃｍ3以上
（４）セタン価が６５以下
（５）硫黄含有量が１０質量ｐｐｍ以下
（６）芳香族分の含有量が２５質量％以下、二環芳香族分の含有量が５質量％以下、かつ三環以上の芳香族分の含有量が２質量％以下
（７）ナフテン分の含有量が５０質量％以下
（８）下記の式で表されるＰＭパラメータ（Ｘ）が１．０以上
Ｘ＝〔（０．４３×ａ＋０．７２×ｂ＋ｃ＋０．９×ｅ＋１．２×ｇ＋ｉ）／ （ｄ＋１．４３×ｆ＋１．７２×ｈ＋２×ｊ＋３×ｋ）〕＋（０．０４×ｌ−２．０）＋１５０/ｍ
（式中、ａはＺ＝０のナフテン化合物の質量％，ｂはＺ＝−２のナフテン化合物の質量％，ｃはＺ＝−４のナフテン化合物の質量％，ｄはＺ＝−６の炭素数１９以下の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｅはＺ＝−６の炭素数２０以上の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｆはＺ＝−８の炭素数１９以下の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｇはＺ＝−８の炭素数２０以上の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｈはＺ＝−１０の炭素数１９以下の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｉはＺ＝−１０の炭素数２０以上の一環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｊは二環芳香族化合物の質量％，ｋは三環芳香族化合物の質量％、ｌはＺ＝０のノルマルパラフィンとイソパラフィンの質量％、ｍは９０％留出温度を表す。なお、Ｚ数は電解電離イオン化法（ＦＩ）質量分析法（ＭＳ）によって得られるイオンの価数を表す。） A light oil composition that satisfies the following conditions (1) to (8).
(1) 70% distillation temperature is 330 ° C. or less (2) 90% distillation temperature is 355 ° C. or less (3) Density (15 ° C.) is 0.81 g / cm 3 or more (4) Cetane number is 65 or less (5 ) Sulfur content is 10 mass ppm or less (6) The aromatic content is 25 mass% or less, the bicyclic aromatic content is 5 mass% or less, and the tricyclic or higher aromatic content is 2 mass% or less (7) Naphthene content is 50 mass% or less (8) PM parameter (X) represented by the following formula is 1.0 or more X = [ (0.43 × a + 0.72 × b + c + 0 .9 × e + 1.2 × g + i) / (d + 1.43 × f + 1.72 × h + 2 × j + 3 × k) ] + (0.04 × l−2.0) + 150 / m
(Wherein, a is mass% of the naphthene compound with Z = 0, b is mass% of the naphthene compound with Z = -2, c is mass% of the naphthene compound with Z = -4, and d is carbon with Z = -6. The mass% of the monocyclic aromatic compound having a carbon number of 19 or less, e is the mass% of the monocyclic aromatic compound having 20 or more carbon atoms of Z = -6, and f is the mass of the monocyclic aromatic compound of 19 or less carbon atoms having Z = -8. %, G is the mass% of the monocyclic aromatic compound having 20 or more carbon atoms with Z = -8, h is the mass% of the monocyclic aromatic compound having 19 or less carbon atoms with Z = -10, and i is the carbon with Z = -10. The mass% of monocyclic aromatic compounds of several 20 or more, j is the mass% of the bicyclic aromatic compound, k is the mass% of the tricyclic aromatic compound, l is the mass% of normal paraffin and isoparaffin with Z = 0, m is 90% represents the distillation temperature, and the Z number is determined by electrolytic ionization ionization (FI) mass spectrometry (MS). Is represents the valence of the ion.)
(i) Ｚ数＝−６の化合物について０．１０以下、
(ii) Ｚ数＝−８の化合物について０．２０以下、
(iii)Ｚ数＝−１０の化合物について０．０８以下 About the valence (Z number) obtained by mass spectrometry of a partly aromatic hydrocarbon, the ratio (p%) of the mass (p%) of a compound having 19 or less carbon atoms to the mass (q%) of a compound having 20 or more carbon atoms The light oil composition according to claim 1, wherein / q) satisfies the following condition.
(i) 0.10 or less for a compound having a Z number of −6,
(ii) 0.20 or less for a compound having a Z number of −8,
(iii) 0.08 or less for compounds with Z number = -10
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