JP4608002B2 - Friction damper - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention absorbs a relative displacement generated between two structural parts of a structure such as a building or a bridge used as a seismic isolation device, a vibration control device, or a displacement limiting device in a technical field of civil engineering and construction by a frictional force. Related to friction damper.

  Conventionally, various dampers are used as seismic isolation devices, vibration control devices, and displacement limiting devices for suppressing vibrations and horizontal forces applied to civil engineering structures and building structures due to earthquakes and the like. One is an oil damper and the other is a friction damper.

JP-A-9-310733

  Oil dampers used as seismic isolation devices, vibration control devices, and displacement limiting devices require maintenance such as dust prevention, are expensive, and are difficult to place in narrow spaces in structures. Have In addition, the friction damper has a problem that since the sliding member is installed in the cylinder and a compressive force is generated through the wedge, the production process becomes complicated and the sliding distance of the sliding member is limited.

  The present invention provides a friction damper with high energy absorption performance that solves the problems of conventional technologies, has a simple structure, can be manufactured at low cost, requires few maintenance, and can be easily installed. The purpose is to provide.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the friction damper of the present invention is fixed to one structure portion side where a structure such as a building or a bridge is relatively displaced, and has a corrugated concavity and convexity formed in the axial direction on the surface. A first member, and a second member having a case fixed to the other structural part side that is relatively displaced, and having a case that is movably fitted into the first member. The friction member formed with the corrugated concavity and convexity in the axial direction that engages with the corrugated concavity and convexity of the first member is restrained from moving in the axial direction, and on the opposite side of the surface on which the corrugated unevenness of the friction member is formed. The elastic member made of rubber vulcanized and integrally formed on the surface is pressed and urged toward the first member, and the friction member is divided into a plurality of portions in the relative movement direction of the first member. It is characterized by that.

  Further, the friction damper according to the present invention is configured such that the corrugated irregularities of the first member and the corrugated irregularities of the friction member have a movement resistance due to relative movement in one direction of the first member and the second member. , And formed so that the movement resistance due to relative movement in the other direction is the same.

  In the friction damper of the present invention, the corrugated irregularities of the first member and the corrugated irregularities of the friction member have a movement resistance due to relative movement in one direction of the first member and the second member. , And formed so as to be larger than the movement resistance due to relative movement in the other direction.

  The friction damper of the present invention is characterized in that the first member is plate-shaped and the corrugated irregularities are formed on at least one of the front and back surfaces.

  The friction damper of the present invention is characterized in that the first member has a cylindrical shape, and the friction member has an arc shape obtained by dividing the friction member into a plurality in the circumferential direction.

Fixed to one structural part where the relative displacement of structures such as buildings and bridges is fixed, and fixed to the other structural part side where the relative displacement is formed on the surface, with the corrugated concavity and convexity formed on the surface in the axial direction. And a second member having a case that is movably inserted into the first member, and is continuous in the axial direction to engage with the corrugated irregularities of the first member in the case of the second member. The friction member formed with the corrugated irregularities is restrained from moving in the axial direction, and an elastic member made of rubber vulcanized integrally formed on the surface of the friction member opposite to the surface where the corrugated irregularities are formed. With the structure in which the friction member is divided into a plurality of parts in the relative movement direction of the first member, the structure is formed with a simple structure against a large displacement during an earthquake. Larger resistance to movement when moving over corrugated irregularities Energy can be absorbed such, it is possible to provide a friction damper which is capable of improving the followability with respect to the relative movement displacement of the first member.
The shape of the corrugated concavities and convexities of the first member and the corrugated concavities and convexities of the friction member is determined by the movement resistance caused by the relative movement in one direction of the first member and the second member and the movement resistance caused by the relative movement in the other direction. By the structure formed so that it may become the same, it becomes possible to provide the friction damper which can absorb an equivalent energy with respect to the relative movement of the structure of both directions.
The shape of the corrugated irregularities of the first member and the corrugated irregularities of the friction member is such that the movement resistance due to relative movement in one direction of the first member and the second member is greater than the movement resistance due to relative movement in the other direction. The structure formed so as to be large can provide a friction damper having directionality.
With the configuration in which the first member is plate-shaped and the corrugated irregularities are formed on at least one surface of the front and back surfaces, it is possible to provide a compact friction damper that is easy to manufacture.
With the configuration in which the first member has a cylindrical shape and the friction member has an arc shape obtained by dividing the friction member into a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction, the engagement contact area between the corrugated irregularities can be made larger than that of the plate shape, and accompanying relative movement Energy absorption can be improved by increasing the movement resistance.
more than

It is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a friction damper of the present invention. It is a longitudinal section showing a 1st embodiment of a friction damper of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the friction damper of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view which shows 3rd Embodiment of the friction damper of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 3rd Embodiment of the friction damper of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view which shows 4th Embodiment of the friction damper of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view which shows 5th Embodiment of the friction damper of this invention. It is a transverse cross section showing a 6th embodiment of a friction damper of the present invention. It is a transverse cross section showing a 7th embodiment of a friction damper of the present invention. It is a transverse cross section showing an 8th embodiment of a friction damper of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the usage condition of the friction damper of this invention. It is a figure which shows the usage condition of the friction damper of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a transverse sectional view showing a first embodiment of the friction damper of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper of the first embodiment.

  The friction damper 1 of 1st Embodiment is provided with the 1st member 2 fixed to the one structure part side which carries out relative displacement, such as a building and a bridge. As for the 1st member 2, the corrugated unevenness | corrugation 3 is continuously formed in the surface of a steel cylindrical body. The corrugated irregularities 3 are formed in a shape whose cross section is an isosceles triangle.

  The second member 5 that is movably inserted into the first member 2 includes a case 6. The case 6 of the first embodiment is tubular. Openings into which the first member 2 is movably inserted are formed at both ends of the tubular case 6. In the tubular case 6, an arcuate steel friction member 7 divided into a plurality of circumferential directions is formed, in which corrugated irregularities 8 that engage with the corrugated irregularities 3 of the cylindrical first member 2 are formed. The back surface is accommodated via an elastic member 9. The elastic member 9 is made of an elastic material such as rubber. When rubber is used as the elastic member 9, the friction member 7 and the rubber are preferably formed in advance by vulcanization. At both ends of the tubular case 6, flanges 6 ′ are formed to restrain the axial movement of the friction member 7 accommodated in the case 6 via the elastic member 9.

  The engagement between the corrugated irregularities 8 of the friction member 7 and the corrugated irregularities 3 of the first member is elastically engaged by an elastic member 9 installed on the back surface of the friction member 7. As a result, when the first member 2 and the second member 5 are moved relative to each other, the engaging portion of the corrugated unevenness 3 of the first member 2 and the corrugated unevenness 8 of the friction member 7 gets over the convex top and is axially moved. Can be moved relative to each other.

  When the engaging portion of the corrugated unevenness 3 of the first member 2 and the corrugated unevenness 8 of the friction member 7 moves over the top of the convex, a large movement resistance is generated. Absorbs the energy of the relative displacement of each structural part. A plurality of corrugated irregularities are continuously formed in the axial direction of the first member 2, and a large energy can be absorbed continuously by going over the convex tops one after another. By changing the elastic modulus of the elastic member 9, the magnitude of the movement resistance can be adjusted.

  In the friction damper 1 of the first embodiment, the corrugated irregularities 3 of the first member 2 and the corrugated irregularities 8 of the friction member 7 are formed in the shape of an isosceles triangle. Since the movement resistance due to the relative movement to the other and the relative movement to the other is the same, even in the relative movement in both directions, the energy absorption is equivalent.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the friction damper of the present invention. The friction damper 1 of the second embodiment is formed by dividing the friction member 7 of the first embodiment into a plurality of relative movement directions (hereinafter referred to as “axial directions”) of the first member. By dividing the friction member 7 into a plurality of parts in the axial direction, the followability with the first member 2 that moves relatively is improved. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted. The longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper of the second embodiment is the same as the longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view showing a third embodiment of the friction damper of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper of the third embodiment. The friction damper 1 of 3rd Embodiment is provided with the 1st member 2 fixed to the one structure part side which carries out relative displacement, such as a building and a bridge. The 1st member 2 is made into steel plate shape, and the corrugated unevenness | corrugation 3 is continuously formed in the one surface. The corrugated irregularities 3 are formed in a shape whose cross section is an isosceles triangle.

  The second member 5 that is movably inserted into the first member 2 includes a case 6. The case 6 of the second embodiment is box-shaped. Openings into which the first member 2 is movably inserted are formed at both ends of the box-shaped case 6. In the box-shaped case 6, a plate-shaped friction member 7 made of corrugated irregularities 8 that engage with the corrugated irregularities 3 of the plate-like first member 2 is provided with an elastic member 9 on its back surface. Is contained. The elastic member 9 is made of an elastic material such as rubber. When rubber is used as the elastic member 9, the friction member 7 and the rubber are preferably formed in advance by vulcanization. At both ends of the tubular case 6, flanges 6 ′ are formed to restrain the axial movement of the friction member 7 accommodated in the case 6 via the elastic member 9.

  The engagement between the corrugated irregularities 8 of the friction member 7 and the corrugated irregularities 3 of the first member is elastically engaged by an elastic member 9 installed on the back surface of the friction member 7. As a result, when the first member 2 and the second member 5 are moved relative to each other, the engaging portion of the corrugated unevenness 3 of the first member 2 and the corrugated unevenness 8 of the friction member 7 gets over the convex top and is axially moved. Can be moved relative to each other.

  When the engaging portion of the corrugated unevenness 3 of the first member 2 and the corrugated unevenness 8 of the friction member 7 moves over the top of the convex, a large movement resistance is generated. Absorbs the energy of the relative displacement of each structural part. A plurality of corrugated irregularities are continuously formed in the axial direction of the first member 2, and a large energy can be absorbed continuously by going over the convex tops one after another. By changing the elastic modulus of the elastic member 9, the magnitude of the movement resistance can be adjusted.

  In the friction damper 1 of the third embodiment, the corrugated unevenness 3 of the first member 2 and the corrugated unevenness 8 of the friction member 7 are formed in the shape of an isosceles triangle, so Since the movement resistance by the relative movement to the other and the relative movement to the other is the same, the energy absorption performance is equivalent even in the relative movement in both directions. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the corrugated irregularities 3 are formed only on one surface of the plate-like first member 2, but the corrugated irregularities 3 are formed on both surfaces of the plate-like first member 2, You may arrange | position the friction member 7 in which the unevenness | corrugation 8 engaged with the unevenness | corrugation 3 of a waveform was formed.

  FIG. 6 is a transverse sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the friction damper of the present invention. The friction damper 1 of the fourth embodiment is formed by dividing the friction member 7 of the third embodiment into a plurality of parts in the axial direction. By dividing the friction member 7 into a plurality of parts in the axial direction, the followability with the first member 2 that moves relatively is improved. Since other configurations are the same as those of the third embodiment, description thereof is omitted. The longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper of the fourth embodiment is the same as the longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper of the third embodiment shown in FIG.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the friction damper of the present invention. The longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper of the fifth embodiment is the same as the longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  The friction damper 1 of 5th Embodiment is provided with the 1st member 2 fixed to the one structure part side which carries out relative displacement, such as a building and a bridge. As for the 1st member 2, the corrugated unevenness | corrugation 3 is continuously formed in the surface of a steel cylindrical body. The corrugated irregularities formed on the first member 2 are formed by alternately and continuously forming surfaces having a steep inclination with respect to the axial direction of the first member 2 and surfaces having a gentle inclination with respect to the axial direction of the first member 2. .

  The second member 5 that is movably inserted into the first member 2 includes a case 6. The case 6 of the first embodiment is tubular. Openings into which the first member 2 is movably inserted are formed at both ends of the tubular case 6. In the tubular case 6, an arc-shaped steel friction member 7 divided into a plurality of circumferential directions formed with corrugated irregularities 8 that engage with the corrugated irregularities 3 of the first member 2 is provided on the back surface thereof. It is accommodated via an elastic member 9. The elastic member 9 is made of an elastic material such as rubber. When rubber is used as the elastic member 9, the friction member 7 and the rubber are preferably formed in advance by vulcanization. At both ends of the tubular case 6, flanges 6 ′ are formed to restrain the axial movement of the friction member 7 accommodated in the case 6 via the elastic member 9.

  The engagement between the corrugated irregularities 8 of the friction member 7 and the corrugated irregularities 3 of the first member is elastically engaged by an elastic member 9 installed on the back surface of the friction member 7. As a result, when the first member 2 and the second member 5 are moved relative to each other, the engaging portion of the corrugated unevenness 3 of the first member 2 and the corrugated unevenness 8 of the friction member 7 gets over the convex top and is axially moved. Can be moved relative to each other.

  When the engaging portion of the corrugated unevenness 3 of the first member 2 and the corrugated unevenness 8 of the friction member 7 moves over the top of the convex, a large movement resistance is generated. Absorbs the energy of the relative displacement of each structural part. A plurality of corrugated irregularities are continuously formed in the axial direction of the first member 2, and a large energy can be absorbed continuously by going over the convex tops one after another. By changing the elastic modulus of the elastic member 9, the magnitude of the movement resistance can be adjusted.

  The corrugated irregularities 3 of the first member 2 and the corrugated irregularities 8 of the friction member 7 are alternately formed with surfaces having a steep inclination with respect to the axial direction and surfaces having a gentle inclination with respect to the axial direction of the first member 2. When the first member 2 and the second member 5 relatively move in one direction, the first member 2 and the second member 5 move over the top of the convex portion formed by a surface with a steep inclination with respect to the axial direction. Moreover, when the 1st member 2 and the 2nd member 5 move relatively in the other direction, they move over the top part of the convex part formed with the surface with a gentle inclination with respect to an axial direction. Therefore, the movement resistance at the time of the relative movement over the top of the convex part formed by the inclined surface with a steep slope is larger than the movement resistance of the relative movement over the top of the convex part formed by the surface with a gentle inclination.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the friction damper of the present invention. The friction damper 1 of the sixth embodiment is formed by dividing the friction member 7 of the fifth embodiment into a plurality of parts in the axial direction. By dividing the friction member 7 into a plurality of parts in the axial direction, the followability with the first member 2 that moves relatively is improved. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted. The longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper of the sixth embodiment is the same as the longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  FIG. 9 is a transverse sectional view showing a seventh embodiment of the friction damper of the present invention. The longitudinal sectional view of the seventh embodiment is the same as the longitudinal sectional view of the third embodiment shown in FIG. The friction damper 1 of 7th Embodiment is provided with the 1st member 2 fixed to the one structure part side which carries out relative displacement, such as a building and a bridge. The first member 2 is formed of a plate-shaped steel plate. A corrugated unevenness 3 continuous in the axial direction of the first member 2 is formed on one surface of the plate-like first member 2.

  The corrugated irregularities formed on the plate-like first member 2 are formed by alternately and continuously forming surfaces having a steep inclination with respect to the axial direction of the first member 2 and surfaces having a gentle inclination with respect to the axial direction of the first member 2. Has been.

  The second member 5 that is movably inserted into the plate-like first member 2 includes a case 6. In the third embodiment, the case 6 has a box shape. Openings into which the first member 2 is movably inserted are formed at both ends of the box-shaped case 6. In the box-shaped case 6, a plate-shaped steel friction member 7 formed with corrugated irregularities 8 that engage with the corrugated irregularities 3 of the plate-like first member 2 has an elastic member 9 on the back surface. Is housed through. The elastic member 9 is made of an elastic material such as rubber. When rubber is used as the elastic member 9, the friction member 7 and the rubber are preferably formed in advance by vulcanization. At both ends of the box-shaped case 6, flanges 6 ′ are formed to restrain the axial movement of the friction member 7 accommodated in the case 6 via the elastic member 9.

  The engagement between the corrugated irregularities 8 of the friction member 7 and the corrugated irregularities 3 of the first member is elastically engaged by an elastic member 9 installed on the back surface of the friction member 7. As a result, when the first member 2 and the second member 5 move relative to each other, the engaging portion of the corrugated unevenness 3 of the first member 2 and the corrugated unevenness of the friction member 7 overcomes the convex top and moves in the axial direction. Can move.

  A large movement resistance is generated when the engaging portion between the corrugated unevenness 3 of the first member 2 and the corrugated unevenness of the friction member 7 moves over the top of the convex, and this moving resistance causes each structure of the structure at the time of the earthquake. Absorbs the energy of the relative displacement of the structure. A plurality of corrugated irregularities are formed continuously in the axial direction, and large energy can be absorbed continuously by overcoming the top of the irregularities one after another. By changing the elastic modulus of the elastic member 9, the magnitude of the movement resistance can be adjusted.

  The corrugated unevenness 3 of the plate-like first member 2 and the corrugated unevenness 8 of the arc-shaped friction member 7 are alternately a surface with a steep inclination with respect to the axial direction and a surface with a gentle inclination with respect to the axial direction of the first member 2. Is formed. When the first member 2 and the second member 5 relatively move in one direction, the first member 2 and the second member 5 move over the top of the convex portion formed by a gradual surface with respect to the axial direction. Moreover, when the 1st member 2 and the 2nd member 5 move relatively in the other direction, they move over the top part of the convex part formed in the surface where the inclination with respect to an axial direction is steep. Therefore, the movement resistance at the time of the relative movement over the top of the convex part formed by the inclined surface having a gentle inclination is smaller than the movement resistance of the relative movement over the top of the convex part formed by the surface having a steep inclination. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the corrugated irregularities 3 are formed only on one surface of the plate-like first member 2, but the corrugated irregularities 3 are formed on both surfaces of the plate-like first member 2, You may arrange | position the friction member 7 in which the unevenness | corrugation 8 engaged with the unevenness | corrugation 3 of a waveform was formed.

  FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an eighth embodiment of the friction damper of the present invention. The friction damper 1 of the eighth embodiment is formed by dividing the friction member 7 of the seventh embodiment into a plurality of parts in the axial direction. By dividing the friction member 7 into a plurality of parts in the axial direction, the followability with the first member 2 that moves relatively is improved. Since other configurations are the same as those of the seventh embodiment, description thereof is omitted. The longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper of the eighth embodiment is the same as the longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper of the third embodiment shown in FIG. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a usage pattern of the friction damper 1 according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments having the same energy absorption performance in the relative movement in both directions.

  In this usage pattern, the friction damper 1 of the first embodiment or the second embodiment is disposed between the parapet 18 and the bridge girder 19 of the abutment 17. The load on the parapet 18 due to the displacement of the bridge girder 19 in the bridge axis direction at the time of the earthquake is alleviated, and the parapet 18 is prevented from being broken. The displacement in the direction of the bridge axis at the time of the earthquake is large when the engaging portion of the corrugated unevenness 3 of the first member 2 of the friction damper 1 and the corrugated unevenness 8 of the friction member 7 moves over the convex top. The movement resistance absorbs the energy of the relative displacement of the bridge girder 19 at the time of the earthquake. A plurality of corrugated irregularities are continuously formed in the axial direction of the first member 2, and a large energy can be absorbed continuously by going over the convex tops one after another.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a usage form of the friction damper according to any one of the fifth to eighth embodiments in which the magnitude of the movement resistance is different depending on the movement direction.

  In this usage pattern, the friction damper of the third embodiment or the fourth embodiment is used as a vibration control device between the ceiling beam 12 and the floor beam 13 connected by the pillar 11 of the building. The friction damper 1 is installed to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction between the ceiling beam 12 and the floor beam 13 via the connecting members 4 and 10. The friction damper 1 ′ is installed between the ceiling beam 12 and the floor beam 13 via the connecting members 4, 10 so as to be inclined in the opposite direction to the friction damper 1. The friction damper 1 and the friction damper 1 ′ are installed so that the movement resistance at the time of the tensile force is larger than the movement resistance after the compression force.

  When a displacement in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 8 occurs, a tensile force acts on the friction damper 1 and a compressive force acts on the friction damper 1 '. The friction damper 1 and the friction damper 1 ′ are installed so that the movement resistance at the time of tensile force is larger than the movement resistance after the compression force. 1 absorbs the energy.

  When a displacement in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 8 occurs, a compressive force acts on the friction damper 1, and a tensile force acts on the friction damper 1 '. Since the friction damper 1 and the friction damper 1 ′ are installed so that the movement resistance at the time of the tensile force is larger than the movement resistance after the compression force, the friction damper 1 is mainly used for the displacement in the arrow B direction. The energy is absorbed by 1 '.

  1: friction damper, 2: first member, 3: corrugated unevenness of first member, 4: connecting member, 5: second member, 6 case, 7: friction member, 8: corrugated unevenness of friction member, 9 : Elastic member, 10: connecting member, 11: pillar, 12: ceiling beam, 13: floor beam, 17: abutment, 18 parapet, 19 bridge girder

Claims (5)

A first member fixed on one side of the structure part that is relatively displaced of a structure such as a building or a bridge, and having a corrugated concavity and convexity formed in the axial direction on the surface;
A second member having a case fixed to the other structural part side that is relatively displaced and fitted to the first member to be movable;
Have
A friction member having an axially continuous corrugated concavity and convexity engaged with the corrugated concavity and convexity of the first member in the case of the second member is restrained from moving in the axial direction, and the corrugation of the friction member The friction member is moved relative to the first member by being pressed and urged toward the first member via an elastic member made of rubber vulcanized and integrally formed on the surface opposite to the surface on which the irregularities are formed. A friction damper, wherein the friction damper is divided into a plurality of directions. The shape of the corrugated irregularities of the first member and the corrugated irregularities of the friction member is determined by the movement resistance due to the relative movement in one direction of the first member and the second member and the relative movement in the other direction. The friction damper according to claim 1, wherein the friction damper is formed to have the same movement resistance. The shape of the corrugated irregularities of the first member and the corrugated irregularities of the friction member is such that the movement resistance due to relative movement in one direction of the first member and the second member is due to relative movement in the other direction. The friction damper according to claim 1, wherein the friction damper is formed so as to be larger than a movement resistance. 4. The friction damper according to claim 1, wherein the first member has a plate shape, and the corrugated irregularities are formed on at least one of the front and back surfaces. 5. 4. The friction damper according to claim 1, wherein the first member has a cylindrical shape and has an arc shape in which the friction member is divided into a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction. 5.

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