JP4598994B2 - Carbon dioxide reduction equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide reduction apparatus for producing water and hydrocarbons by reducing hydrogen and carbon dioxide. In particular, the present invention relates to a space station, a space exploration satellite, Carbon dioxide (CO) present on Mars, for example, on manned space propulsion rockets ₂ ) And a device for producing water necessary for life support through a reduction reaction using hydrogen carried from the earth.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, an attempt to launch a manned satellite on Mars about 10 years later has been studied in the United States, Japan, and the like. In order for humanity to live on Mars, oxygen and water must be prepared for life support, but water is extremely heavy to carry from Earth and is present at relatively high concentrations on Mars. Carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) To make water by reducing the hydrogen transported from the earth.
[0003]
However, hydrogen is a fuel gas and attention must be paid to safety. For this reason, in the prior art, it is considered to carry high-pressure hydrogen gas (30 MPa) from the earth. However, in this method, the gas container must have a pressure-resistant structure, and the mass of the container increases. When the mass increases, the propulsion energy of the rocket corresponding to it becomes necessary, and the rocket inevitably becomes large because it is equipped with the propulsion energy, so that it is possible to obtain the propulsion energy that can substantially reach Mars. The problem of not.
[0004]
Next, hydrogen (H ₂ ) A reference example of a CO2 reduction device in which gas is supplied by a hydrogen cylinder or the like will be briefly described.
Specifically, the CO2 reduction reaction is performed as shown in FIG. ₂ In the mixing tank 51, the gas is H ₂ H from cylinder 55 ₂ H supplied via tank 54 ₂ It is mixed with gas and introduced into the reactor 52. The mixed gas introduced into the reaction furnace 52 undergoes a reduction reaction in the reaction furnace 52, and methane and water vapor (H ₂ O (G)). Water vapor (H ₂ O (G)) is condensed in a condenser 53 installed on the downstream side of the reaction furnace 52, and water (H ₂ O (L)). Here, the gas-liquid two-phase flow is sent to the gas-liquid separator 2 and methane (CH ₄ ) And H ₂ O (L) is separated, CH4 is exhausted as it is, H ₂ O (L) is sent to the water tank 3 and stored.
[0005]
In this way, CO ₂ When performing reduction, H2 is indispensable, but the mounting space, mass, etc. for H2 cylinders and tanks are very problematic for space stations, space exploration satellites, and Mars manned flights. It is as described above.
In the reaction furnace 52, a catalyst in which ruthenium (Ru) is added to an alumina support is used as a catalyst for a normal reduction reaction, and the reaction is accelerated at about 300 ° C. CO at this time ₂ The reduction reaction can be represented by the following reaction formula.
[0006]
Ru
CO ₂ + 4H ₂ → CH ₄ + 2H ₂ O (exothermic reaction)
About 300 ℃
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the above problems, the present inventors have eliminated the burden of mounting space and mounting mass of hydrogen cylinders, hydrogen tanks, etc., the entire system is compact, energy saving is achieved by effective use of heat, and safety However, in order to create an advantageous carbon dioxide reduction device, we intensively studied.
As a result, the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by effectively using a hydrogen storage alloy or a complex metal hydride for each part of the apparatus.
[0008]
The present invention aims to reduce the burden of mass safely based on such problems, and can easily obtain water for life support even in outer space or desert that requires water such as Mars. Carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) And a carbon dioxide reduction device for producing water necessary for life support by carrying out a reduction reaction using hydrogen carried from the earth.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention Reference example 1 In a carbon dioxide reduction apparatus including a reaction furnace, a hydrogen storage alloy or a complex metal hydride is incorporated in the reaction furnace, and a storage tank made of this hydride and a catalytic reaction tank are in one reaction furnace. The present invention proposes a carbon dioxide reduction device characterized in that the carbon dioxide reduction device is provided.
The present invention Reference example 1 Then, since the hydrogen storage alloy or the complex metal hydride is incorporated in the conventional reactor, the entire system is greatly reduced in size. Further, by incorporating the hydrogen storage alloy or complex hydrogen storage alloy tank and the catalytic reaction tank in one reaction furnace, it is possible to effectively use heat and to save energy. Furthermore, the use of the hydrogen storage alloy or the complex metal hydride eliminates the need for a high-pressure cylinder and is advantageous in terms of safety.
[0010]
And Book First The invention relates to a carbon dioxide reduction apparatus including a mixing tank and a reaction furnace for mixing carbon dioxide and hydrogen, wherein a hydrogen storage alloy or a complex metal hydride is incorporated in the mixing tank, and a catalytic reaction is performed in the subsequent reaction furnace. The present invention provides a carbon dioxide reduction device provided with a tank. In the present invention, by incorporating a hydrogen storage alloy or a complex metal hydride into the mixing tank, the entire system becomes compact as described above. In addition, the use of a hydrogen storage alloy eliminates the need for a high-pressure cylinder and is advantageous in terms of safety.
[0011]
or Book Second The present invention is a carbon dioxide reduction apparatus provided with a reaction part that combines hydrogen and carbon dioxide and causes a reduction part to react at the joining part or downstream thereof in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the hydrogen is a hydrogen storage alloy or complex. It is generated from a storage tank that contains metal hydrides (including both metal hydrides). First summary And
[0012]
An example of a chemical formula for a complex metal hydride is NaBH ₄ , LiBH ₄ LiAlH ₄ ,
Example of chemical formula of hydrogen storage alloy is LaNi ₅ H ₆ TiMn ₂ H ₃ ,
In the above formula, the two are very similar, but the hydrogen storage alloy is a physical reaction in which hydrogen enters between metal crystals, so its hydrogen storage amount is about 2%. On the other hand, the complex metal hydride is a substance produced by a chemical reaction, so its hydrogen storage amount is 10%, which is an irreversible reaction.
[0013]
According to such an invention, without storing hydrogen as it is, it is stored using a hydrogen storage alloy or a complex metal hydride, so that the container itself can be reduced in weight, and it is not necessary to use a high-pressure cylinder or the like. But it will be an advantage.
[0014]
The present invention Of Reference Example 2 A specific example is characterized in that a hydride storage tank containing the hydrogen storage alloy or complex metal hydride is provided at the junction, and the storage tank and the catalytic reaction tank are provided in one reaction furnace. And
[0015]
Such invention Reference example 2 Therefore, since the hydride storage tank containing the hydrogen storage alloy or complex metal hydride is incorporated in one reaction furnace, the entire system is greatly reduced in size. Also, by incorporating the hydride storage tank containing the hydrogen storage alloy or the complex metal hydride and the catalytic reaction tank into one reaction furnace, it is possible to effectively use heat and to save energy.
[0016]
More books Second In the invention, the merge part and the reaction part of carbon dioxide and hydrogen are formed separately. In addition to the first gist , A hydride storage tank containing the hydrogen storage alloy or complex metal hydride is incorporated in the merging section, and a catalytic reaction tank is provided in the reaction section downstream thereof. Second summary And
[0017]
According to this invention, since the storage tank is provided on the upstream side of the catalyst reaction tank, the amount of hydrogen generated is adjusted regardless of the reduction reaction section. It is very advantageous to be able to adjust it independently, for example when the supply of carbon dioxide varies.
[0018]
Further, the present invention is an apparatus for producing water by reducing the carbon dioxide obtained in outer space with hydrogen obtained from a hydrogen storage alloy or a complex metal hydride, and producing the water. A heater is provided in the reaction part that causes the reduction reaction of both in the presence of.
[0019]
That is, an appropriate temperature is required for the reduction reaction, not only carbon dioxide supplied at room temperature, but also around -60 ° C., and its atmospheric pressure is about 0.5 kPa, which is significantly lower than the Earth's atmosphere (carbon dioxide. ) Is introduced directly into the reaction section, a heater is used in consideration that the reduction reaction is not smoothly performed.
[0020]
The present invention also provides Reprint A cooling separation section is provided on the downstream side of the reaction section to separate hydrocarbons from the reduction reaction product and take out only water.
[0021]
That is, since the atmosphere (carbon dioxide) is heated in the reduction reaction part, methane and water vapor cannot be separated smoothly as it is, so the hydrocarbon is separated by cooling the reduction reaction product below the water evaporation point. It is preferable to provide a cooling separation unit for taking out only water. Cooling water may be used for this cooling, or it may be used because the Martian atmosphere (carbon dioxide) is around −60 ° C.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the types, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this embodiment are merely illustrative examples and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified.
First, the difference between a hydrogen storage alloy and a complex metal hydride will be described.
As shown in JP-A-5-228878 and JP-A-8-233200, a hydrogen storage alloy stably stores hydrogen with a reversible cycle of hydrogen storage and release, and is used for a hydrogen storage alloy. The material is not particularly limited, and commonly used materials can be widely used. Specifically, for example, an alloy of lanthanum (La) and nickel (Ni) is preferably used, and an alloy of titanium (Ti) and iron (Fe) is preferably used. The reaction at this time can be represented by the following reaction formula.
[0023]
LaNi ₅ H ₆ + Thermal energy → LaNi ₅ + 3H ₂ (Endothermic reaction)
LaNi ₅ + 3H ₂ (Pressurization) → LaNi ₅ H ₆ (Exothermic reaction)
Here, heat is required for releasing hydrogen, but in the case of the above reaction, the reaction is sufficiently accelerated if it is about 40 ° C. or higher.
[0024]
However, since the hydrogen storage alloy is a physical reaction in which hydrogen enters between metal crystals, its hydrogen storage amount is as small as about 2%.
On the other hand, complex metal hydroxide is NaBH. ₄ Thus, since it is a substance produced by a chemical reaction, its hydrogen storage amount is remarkably large at 10%, but it is a irreversible reaction.
[0025]
On Mars, however, it is not necessary to decompose precious water into hydrogen again on Earth, and the disadvantage of being an irreversible reaction is not a problem. On the other hand, the extremely large hydrogen storage amount of 10% is advantageous in terms of space saving.
[0026]
Hereinafter, each embodiment using a hydrogen storage alloy or a complex metal hydride will be described.
Embodiment 1 ( Reference example 1)
Figure 1 shows the implementation reference It is explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide reducing apparatus using the hydrogen storage alloy which concerns on a form. The basic configuration of this apparatus is composed of a reduction reaction furnace 1, a gas-liquid separator 2, and a water tank 3. A hydrogen storage alloy is incorporated in the reduction reaction furnace 1. This one reduction reaction furnace 1 includes a hydrogen storage alloy tank 4 and a catalyst reaction tank 5 made of a hydrogen storage alloy. Usually, a heater 6 is provided in the vicinity of the catalytic reaction tank 5.
[0027]
In the present embodiment, the supplied CO ₂ The gas is fed into the reduction reactor 1 as it is.
The reduction reaction furnace 1 includes a hydrogen storage alloy tank 4, a catalyst reaction tank 5, and a heater 6. Hydrogen storage alloys are bonded to metals by applying heat to H ₂ Release easily. In addition, after release, H ₂ It has the property of taking in hydrogen again by applying pressure in the presence. In this embodiment, a hydrogen storage alloy tank 4 is provided in the reduction reaction furnace 1 by utilizing this characteristic.
[0028]
First, the whole reduction reaction furnace 1 is heated to about 300 ° C. Then, hydrogen H from the hydrogen storage alloy tank 4 ₂ Begin to release. In this state, CO ₂ Is supplied to the reduction reactor 1. CO supplied ₂ H in the hydrogen storage alloy tank 4 ₂ After being mixed with the gas, it is fed into the catalytic reaction tank 5 arranged so as to surround both sides. In the catalytic reaction tank 5, it is reduced and CH. ₄ And water vapor (H ₂ O (G)). These fluids are sent to the gas-liquid separator 2 installed on the downstream side. The gas-liquid separation device 2 as a whole is cooled with cooling water, and the supplied gas is condensed in this portion and liquid (H ₂ O (L)) and gas (CH ₄ ) And are separated. One H ₂ O (L) is sent to the water tank 3 and the other methane (CH ₄ ) Is exhausted.
[0029]
Here, the material used for the hydrogen storage alloy tank 4 is not particularly limited, and commonly used materials can be widely used. Specifically, as described above, lanthanum (La) and nickel are used. An alloy of (Ni) is preferably used, and an alloy of titanium (Ti) and iron (Fe) is preferably used. If the reaction at this time is shown in the reaction formula, it will be as shown in paragraph [0023], but heat is required when releasing hydrogen. .
Moreover, if reaction in the catalyst reaction tank 5 is shown with reaction formula, it will become as follows.
[0030]
CO ₂ + 4H ₂ → CH ₄ + 2H ₂ O (exothermic reaction)
[0031]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the use of the hydrogen storage alloy eliminates the need for the mixing tank 51, the hydrogen tank 54, the hydrogen cylinder 55, and the like that were necessary in the conventional apparatus shown in FIG. 5. For this reason, there is an advantage that the system can be greatly downsized.
Moreover, if the hydrogen storage alloy tank 4 is installed in the center part of the reduction reaction furnace 1 as shown in FIG. 1 and the catalyst reaction tank 5 is installed around it, mutual thermal energy can be effectively used during the reaction. So efficient. That is, since the hydrogen storage alloy requires heat energy, the catalytic reaction releases heat. Thus, energy exchange of the apparatus can be achieved by exchanging heat by utilizing the mutual absorption and release of heat.
Furthermore, in the past, high-pressure cylinders (100 kG / cm2) such as hydrogen cylinders were used, but using hydrogen storage alloys enables handling at almost normal pressure levels. is there.
[0032]
Embodiment 2 ( Example 1 )
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention. 2 ( Example 1 It is explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide reducing apparatus using the hydrogen storage alloy concerning. The basic configuration of this apparatus includes a hydrogen storage alloy tank (pressurized mixing tank) 21, a reaction furnace 12, a condenser 13, a gas-liquid separator 2, and a water tank 3. In the present embodiment, a hydrogen storage alloy is incorporated into the mixing tank to form a hydrogen storage alloy tank 21, and a reaction furnace 12 having a catalytic reaction tank is installed in the subsequent stage. By incorporating the hydrogen storage alloy into the conventional mixing tank, the entire system becomes compact, and the use of the hydrogen storage alloy eliminates the need for a high-pressure cylinder and is advantageous in terms of safety.
[0033]
In the present embodiment, the supplied CO ₂ The gas is fed into the tank 21 containing the hydrogen storage alloy. The tank 11 is heated to about 40 ° C., and is desorbed by heating the H 2 stored inside. Therefore, the CO sent into the tank 21 ₂ The gas is mixed with H 2 gas and sent to the reduction reactor 12.
The reduction reaction furnace 12 includes a catalytic reaction tank 5 and a heater 6 as shown in FIG. In this reduction reaction furnace 12, the mixed gas is reduced, and CH4 and water vapor (H ₂ O (G)). These fluids are sent to the condenser 13 installed on the downstream side, and the water vapor is condensed and further introduced into the gas-liquid separation device 2 downstream. In this separation device 2, liquid (H ₂ O (L)) and gas (CH4). And H ₂ O (L) is sent to the water tank 3 and CH ₄ Is exhausted.
[0034]
Here, the material used for the hydrogen storage alloy in the tank 21 is not particularly limited, and commonly used materials can be widely used. Specifically, for example, lanthanum (La) and nickel ( An alloy of Ni) is preferably used, and an alloy of titanium (Ti) and iron (Fe) is preferably used. The reaction at this time is the same as in the above embodiment. 1 ( Reference example The reaction formula is the same as that shown in 1), and heat is required at the time of hydrogen release, but in the case of the above reaction, the reaction is sufficiently promoted at about 40 ° C. or more in the case of a hydrogen storage alloy.
[0035]
In the present embodiment, the hydrogen storage alloy tank and the tank are integrated, and the reduction reaction furnace 12 is provided on the downstream side thereof. As a result, the overall system can be made more compact than the conventional apparatus. Also, the embodiment 1 ( Reference example Compared to 1), although the effect of downsizing or energy saving is slightly inferior, there are advantages such as easy maintenance at the time of failure, etc. by dividing the functions, according to this embodiment. By providing the hydrogen storage alloy in the tank 21, the hydrogen tank 54 and the hydrogen cylinder 55 that are necessary in the conventional apparatus as shown in FIG. 3 are no longer necessary.
[0036]
Embodiment 3 ( Reference example 2 )
FIG. 3 shows that around -50 ° C. obtained on Mars, the atmospheric pressure is about 1 Pa, carbon dioxide that is significantly thinner than the earth is taken in, and reduced to react with hydrogen obtained from complex metal hydride to produce water. The present invention relates to a device. The fruit Form of application 3 It is explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide reduction apparatus which concerns on this modification.
As in FIG. 1, the basic structure of this apparatus is a reduction reactor 1 for producing water and methane by reducing the hydrogen obtained from the complex metal hydride tank 04 to carbon dioxide on the Mars. Steam and methane (reduction reactant) obtained from the reactor 1 are separated from the methane (hydrocarbon) by cooling and a gas-liquid cooling / separation apparatus 2 for taking out only the condensed water by cooling, and a water tank for storing the separated water 3 and a complex metal hydride is incorporated in the reduction reactor 1.
[0037]
The reduction reactor 1 is maintained in a pressurized state at 1 to 5 KPa, and has a tank 04 filled with a complex metal hydride on the center side and a ring on the outer peripheral side so as to surround the complex metal hydride tank 04. The catalyst reaction tank 5 is provided in a shape, and a heater 6 is wound around the outer periphery of the catalyst reaction tank 5 in a spiral shape.
[0038]
The complex metal hydride tank 04 is formed by adding and filling titanium (Ti) powder having an average particle size of 45 μm or less together with complex metal hydride NaBH 4.
The carbon dioxide inlet 4a is connected to one end of the complex metal hydride tank 04 on the center side, and the connecting passage 4b guides hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated in the complex metal hydride tank 04 to the catalyst reaction tank 5 on the other end side. Is provided.
Further, in order to generate hydrogen in the complex metal hydride tank 04, a hydrogen generation accelerating medium such as heat or water is required. Therefore, the heater 40 or steam is introduced on the carbon dioxide passage 32 upstream of the carbon dioxide inlet 4a. The part 31 is provided, and is configured to be heated to 300 to 500 ° C. by the heat of both together with the heater 6 described later.
[0039]
The gas-liquid separator 2 provided on the downstream side of the reduction reactor may use water from a water tank as a cooling medium, but the carbon dioxide obtained on Mars is cooled to around -60 ° C. Therefore, if the reduction reaction product at 300 to 500 ° C. is first cooled by the separation device 2, the carbon dioxide is heated and then introduced into the complex metal hydride tank 04. It is not necessary to provide the heater 40 in the case.
[0040]
Therefore, in this embodiment, the supplied CO ₂ The gas is heated by the heater 40 or given heat by the gas-liquid separator 2 and sent to the reduction reaction furnace 1 at a high temperature.
[0041]
Since the reduction reaction furnace 1 is configured to apply heat from the heater 6 to the complex metal hydride tank 04 and the catalyst reaction tank 5 as described above under a pressure of 1 to 5 KPa, for example, complex metal hydride. H2 is easily released by adding heat from the heater 6 together with heat from carbon dioxide to about 100 to 450 ° C.
The heating temperature applied from the heater 6 is NaBH. ₄ 400-450 ° C, LiBH 270-300 ° C, LiAlH ₄ 120 to 150 ° C. is suitable.
[0042]
Even if the carbon dioxide is not heated, the same result can be obtained by heating from the heater 6 to about 100 to 450 ° C. in a state where the whole reduction reaction furnace 1 is pressurized to 1 to 5 KPa.
[0043]
Therefore, after the reduction reaction furnace 1 is heated to about 100 to 450 ° C. when the complex metal hydride is enclosed, CO ₂ When the gas is supplied to the reduction reaction furnace 1 through the introduction hole 4a, the supplied CO2 is mixed with H2 gas in the complex metal hydride tank 04 and then bends on the outer peripheral side through the connecting passage 4b. It is fed into the arranged catalytic reaction tank 5. In the catalyst reaction tank 5, CH 4 and water vapor (H 2 O (G)) are generated by a reduction reaction by heating at about 100 to 450 ° C. from the heater 6.
[0044]
These reduction reaction fluids are sent to the gas-liquid separator 2 installed on the downstream side. The entire gas-liquid separation device 2 is cooled by a cooling medium such as cooling water or cooling CO 2 gas, and the water vapor of the supplied gas is condensed in this portion to form a liquid (H ₂ O (L)) and gas (CH ₄ ) And are separated. One H 2 O (L) is sent to the water tank 3 and the other gas, methane (CH ₄ ) Is used for fuel used on Mars space.
The reaction formula in the catalytic reaction tank 5 is the same as that in the first embodiment.
[0045]
According to this example, in addition to the effect of the embodiment of FIG. 1, the amount of hydrogen generation is further increased by using the complex metal hydride tank 04, and the system can be greatly downsized.
[0046]
Embodiment 4 ( Example 2 )
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention. 4 ( Example 2 It is explanatory drawing of the carbon dioxide reduction apparatus concerning. As a basic configuration of this apparatus, a CO filled with a complex metal hydride on the path is used. ₂ This is a system in which a gas merging section (pressurized mixing tank) 41, a reduction reaction furnace 12, a condenser 13, a gas-liquid separation device 2, and a water tank 3 are provided independently.
In the present embodiment, a complex metal hydride is sealed in the pressure mixing tank 41 and the pressure is reduced to 1 to 5 KPa, and at least 40 ° C. (in the case of only a hydrogen storage alloy) by the heater 40, preferably complex metal. When a hydride is included, the reduction reaction furnace 12 having a catalytic reaction tank is installed in the subsequent stage while being configured to be able to be heated to 300 to 500 ° C.
[0047]
In the present embodiment, the supplied CO2 gas is heated by the heater 40 (in the case of complex metal hydride) and then fed into the pressurized mixing tank 41 pressurized to 1 to 5 KPa. H occluded inside by heating and pressurizing in the pressurized mixing tank 41 ₂ Is released, and the heated CO fed into the pressure mixing tank 41 is ₂ It is mixed with gas and sent to the reduction reactor 12.
The reduction reaction furnace 12 may have a configuration in which the heater 6 is wound around the catalyst reaction tank 5 as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. ₂ Since the gas is heated to 300 to 450 ° C., the heater 6 may not be used.
[0048]
In this reduction reactor 12, the mixed gas is reduced and CH ₄ And water vapor (H ₂ O (G)). These fluids are sent to the condenser 13 installed on the downstream side, and cooling water or cooling CO ₂ The water vapor is condensed by cooling with a cooling medium such as gas, and further introduced into the gas-liquid separator 2 downstream. In this separation device 2, liquid (H ₂ O (L)) and gas (CH ₄ ) And are separated. And H ₂ O (L) is sent to the water tank 3, and CH4 is used as fuel used in the Mars space and exhausted.
[0049]
Here, the complex metal hydride sealed in the pressurized mixing tank 41 is, for example, NaBH. ₄ And LiBH ₄ LiAlH ₄ Etc.
The reaction of these hydrides requires heat and pressure when releasing hydrogen.
[0050]
Also in this embodiment, the same effect as in the above embodiment is provided, and the pressurized mixing tank 41 is provided on the upstream side of the reduction reaction furnace 12 having the catalytic reaction tank. The amount of hydrogen generated is adjusted independently of the reactor 12 depending on the temperature and the like. For example, when the supply of carbon dioxide fluctuates, it is extremely advantageous that it can be adjusted independently, and the heat from the heated pressurized mixing tank 41 can be mixed gas without providing a heater in the reduction reaction furnace 12. Since the phase shifts, the reduction reaction is performed at the above temperature, which makes the entire system compact and advantageous in terms of safety.
[0051]
Also, in this embodiment, the hydrogen storage tank and tank for complex metal materials etc. are integrated, and the reduction reactor 12 is provided on the downstream side, so that the functions can be separated from those of the third embodiment. There are advantages such as easy maintenance in the event of a failure.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, since the hydrogen storage alloy or the complex metal hydride is incorporated in the reaction furnace or the mixing tank, the entire system is greatly reduced in size. Also, For the reference example, By incorporating a hydrogen storage tank and a catalytic reaction tank incorporating a hydrogen storage alloy or a complex metal into one reaction furnace, it is possible to effectively use heat and save energy.
Furthermore, the use of a tank incorporating the hydrogen storage alloy or complex metal material eliminates the need for a high-pressure cylinder and is advantageous in terms of safety.
In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain water for life support easily in outer space or desert that requires water, such as Mars, in addition to aiming for safety and reduction of burden. Carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) And a carbon dioxide reduction device for producing water necessary for life support by carrying out a reduction reaction using hydrogen carried from the earth.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 of the present invention Embodiment 1 (Reference Example 1 It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the carbon dioxide reduction apparatus which concerns on ().
FIG. 2 of the present invention Embodiment 2 (Example 1) It is a schematic diagram which shows another example of the carbon dioxide reduction apparatus which concerns on.
FIG. 3 of the present invention Embodiment 3 (Reference Example 2) It is a model diagram which shows an example of the carbon dioxide reduction apparatus which concerns on.
FIG. 4 of the present invention Embodiment 4 (Example 2) It is a schematic diagram which shows another example of the carbon dioxide reduction apparatus which concerns on.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view schematically showing a conventional carbon dioxide reduction device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,12 Reduction reactor
2 Gas-liquid separator
3 Water tank
4 Hydrogen storage alloy tank
04 Complex metal hydride tank
5 Catalytic reactor
6 Heating heater
13 Condenser
21 Pressurized mixing tank (hydrogen storage alloy)
41 Pressurized mixing tank (complex metal hydride)

Claims (5)

  In a carbon dioxide reduction apparatus including a mixing tank and a reaction furnace for mixing carbon dioxide and hydrogen, a hydrogen storage alloy or a complex metal hydride is incorporated in the mixing tank, and a catalytic reaction tank is provided in the subsequent reaction furnace. A carbon dioxide reduction device characterized by being made. Storage tank Rutotomoni provided reactor to reduction of both, the previous SL hydrogen enclosing a hydrogen storage alloy or a complex metal hydride in the presence of the merging portion or catalyst on the downstream side is combined with hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the hydrogen der Ru carbon dioxide reduction device that is more produced,
Reaction section and the merging portion of the carbon dioxide and hydrogen are formed separately, hydride reservoir containing a hydrogen storage alloy or a complex metal hydride to the merging portion is incorporated,
A carbon dioxide reduction device characterized in that a catalytic reaction tank is provided in a reaction section on the downstream side. The carbon dioxide reduction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the hydride storage tank containing the hydrogen storage alloy or the complex metal hydride is heated or depressurized. The carbon dioxide reduction device is a device for producing water by reducing the hydrogen obtained from a hydrogen storage alloy or a complex metal hydride to carbon dioxide obtained in outer space, both in the presence of the catalyst. The carbon dioxide reduction device according to claim 2, wherein a heater is attached to the reaction part that causes the reduction reaction. Carbon dioxide reduction device downstream reduction reaction than to separate hydrocarbons only cooling separation portion is that according to claim 2 provided to retrieve water before Kihan応部.

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