JP4580829B2 - How to adjust elevator car balance - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator car balance adjustment method.

  In an elevator, when a guide shoe including a roller guide shoe or the like is attached to a car, it is necessary to perform an operation called car balance adjustment. This is for adjusting the attitude of the car so that the relative positions of the guide shoes on both sides of the car with the corresponding guide rails are constant. This is done with the weight balance of the car adjusted so that the distance between the car and the guide rails on both sides of the car is a predetermined value with the guide shoe removed. In general, the car is located at the center position in the center in both the Y-axis direction connecting the guide rails in the horizontal plane to the guide rails on both sides and the X-axis orthogonal to the Y-axis direction.

  In this work, the cage suspended by the main rope is attached to the upper and lower sides of the cage (generally the lower side) by attaching a guide shoe at a pre-calculated position so that the cage is at the center position. State (can move within the range specified by the guide shoe), and the other (generally the upper side) is in a free state with no guide shoe attached, and in this state the weight of the car is attached with a weight at the bottom of the car By adjusting the balance, the car is brought to the center position even on the free state side of the car. Thus, when the guide shoe is attached to the free side of the car, the guide rail comes to the ideal target position where the center position of the guide rail receiving portion of the guide shoe or the balance of force is balanced. At this time, the positional relationship between the car and the guide rail on the free state side is obtained by measuring the distance (dimension) between the car and the guide rail.

  Conventionally, all these car balance adjustment operations have been performed manually. That is, for example, when one worker under the car attaches a weight to the lower part of the car, the two workers on both sides of the car each measure the distance (dimensions) between the car and the guide rail. Measure the results using the measurement method and inform the worker who adds the weight.The worker who adds the weight changes the position of the weight with reference to the measurement result, or further adjusts the weight of the weight. The weight balance is corrected so that the distance (dimension) between the car and the guide rail finally becomes a predetermined value. It should be noted that the lower part of the car has a compen- sive rope and the lower side of the car does not move well, and it is preferable that the upper side of the car be free. In this case, the distance between the car and the guide rail In order to avoid applying unnecessary load to the car during measurement, the operator, for example, sits on the guide rail bracket in the hoistway and sets the distance between the car and the guide rail on the upper side of the car. I was measuring.

  Conventionally, there have been sensors that detect the displacement of a traveling guide rail or a car in order to measure the installation accuracy of an elevator guide rail (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP-A-1-321285

  In this way, all conventional car balance adjustments have been performed manually, so in particular when the upper side of the car is free, the person who puts the weight on the lower side of the car, the guide rails on both sides of the car on the upper side of the car A lot of workers, such as people who measure the distance between the two, are required, and the laborious work of measuring the distance between the guide rails without applying a load on the car is necessary There were problems such as.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide an elevator car balance adjustment method that is simpler and can be performed by a small number of people.

  In the present invention, the weight of the car is such that the car is at the center position in the center in both the Y-axis direction connecting the guide rails in the horizontal plane and the X-axis perpendicular to the Y-axis direction with respect to the guide rails on both sides. An elevator car balance adjustment method for adjusting the balance, which is attached to the car side and detects the distance from the guide rail at a plurality of locations, and is connected to each of the distance sensors and the detection result is displayed. The car is suspended from the main rope below the hoistway using a car balance measuring device having a measuring device body including a display unit, and the car is at the center position with respect to the guide rails on both sides. The guide shoes facing the three surfaces of the guide rail on both sides along the Y-axis and the car-side surface along the X-axis were attached to only the lower sides so as to be bent. In this state, after the plurality of distance sensors are respectively attached to predetermined positions on both sides of the upper side of the car on the upper side of the car, the outputs of the plurality of distance sensors are output while looking at the display unit of the measuring apparatus main body on the lower side of the car. The elevator car balance adjustment method is characterized in that a weight for adjusting the weight balance of the car is attached to the lower part of the car so as to show each desired value.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an elevator car balance adjustment method that is simpler and can be performed by a small number of people.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a car in an elevator hoistway for explaining an elevator car balance adjusting method according to the present invention. The car comprises sensor parts 30a and 30b, a joint part 33 and a measuring apparatus main body 34, which will be described later. The state where the balance measuring device 3 is attached is shown. FIGS. 2 and 3 show partially enlarged top views of the car 2, particularly in the vicinity of the guide rails 1a and 1b. FIG. 2 shows a state before the car balance measuring device 3 is attached, and FIG. 3 shows a car balance corresponding to FIG. The state in which the measuring device 3 is attached is shown. In FIG. 1, the front side of the drawing is the landing side, and in FIGS. 2 and 3, the lower side of the drawing is the landing side. In the present invention, the car balance adjustment is performed with the upper side of the car having good movement in the free state. The compen- sion rope is not shown in FIG. Further, description will be made assuming that, for example, a roller guide shoe is used as the guide shoe.

  In the figure, guide shoe fixing plates for finally fixing the roller guides to the guide shoe mounting portions 2a on both sides of the car 2 suspended by the main rope 7 and provided on the portions facing the guide rails 1a and 1b. 4 is fixed. On the guide shoe fixing plates 4 on both sides of the car, the sensor portion 30a on one side and the sensor portion 30b on the other side are provided with mounting holes 9 for fixing the roller guide shoes on the guide shoe fixing plate 4 as shown in FIG. The same hole is used to fix the bolt 9a or the like.

  The sensor unit 30a includes a distance sensor 31a in the X-axis direction that detects a distance X1 between the sensor fixing plate 32 and the guide rail 1a attached thereto, and the sensor unit 30b includes the sensor fixing plate 32 and a guide rail attached thereto. The distance sensor 31b in the X-axis direction and the distance sensor 31c in the Y-axis direction for detecting the distances X2 and Y1 with respect to 1b. The X axis is the X axis and Y axis with the horizontal plane as the XY plane. The X axis is a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1 (the direction perpendicular to the line connecting the guide rails 1a and 1b on both sides). The horizontal direction (the direction of the line connecting the guide rails 1a and 1b on both sides) is detected, and the distance from the sensor in each axial direction to the guide rails 1a and 1b is detected. These distance sensors 31a to 31c are connected to the measuring apparatus main body 34 by a cord 35 after being collected by a joint portion 33 provided on the upper portion of the car 2, for example. The distance sensors 31a to 31c are, for example, LED type displacement sensors. Further, since the distance between the guide rails 1a and 1b is constant in the Y-axis direction, if the distance in the Y-axis direction is obtained in one sensor part, the distance in the Y-axis direction in the other sensor part is inevitably obtained. Therefore, while the Y-axis direction is one distance sensor 31c, when the car 2 rotates around the center of gravity of the car, for example, in the X-axis direction, the distance in the X-axis direction of both sensor units is Since they are not necessarily the same, two distance sensors 31a and 31b are provided in order to obtain the distance in the X-axis direction on both sides of the car. The joint portion 33 may be omitted, and in that case, a cord is connected from each sensor to the measuring apparatus main body 34 individually.

  Below the car 2, roller guide shoes 5 are respectively attached by guide shoe fixing plates 4 to guide shoe mounting portions 2 a on both sides provided at portions facing the guide rails 1 a and 1 b. A weight 6 at the bottom of the car 2 indicates a weight attached by an operator to balance the weight of the car 2 when the car balance is adjusted.

  As shown in a top view of the schematic internal configuration in FIG. 4, the roller guide shoe 5 includes guide rails each having both sides in the X-axis direction and a direction from the car side to the guide rail side in the Y-axis direction. From the direction, the three freely rotating rollers 51 press the guide rails with the force of the springs 52, respectively, and receive the guide rails 1a and 1b.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration of the control system of the car balance measuring device 3. The distance detection signals detected by the distance sensors 31 a to 31 c are collected by the joint unit 33 and input to the measurement apparatus main body 34. The measuring apparatus main body 34 includes a display unit 34a for displaying the car balance measurement result, and a control unit 34b for outputting a signal for display on the display unit 34a based on detection signals from the distance sensors 31a to 31c. For example, the detection signals from the distance sensors 31a to 31c may be converted into distance values and the values may be displayed numerically. In this case, however, the position of the car is particularly the center position (the car described above). Can be easily seen in relation to the guide rail on both sides with respect to the center position in both the Y-axis direction connecting the guide rails in the horizontal plane and the X-axis perpendicular to the Y-axis direction) The display is made so that it can be understood. Therefore, the display unit 34a is configured by, for example, a plurality of LEDs that display the balance state of the car, and the control unit 34b is configured by, for example, a microcomputer having a memory M built therein. Further, a reset signal is given to the control unit 34b in order to store the detection values of the distance sensors 31a to 31c when the car 2 is at the center position in the memory M of the control unit 34b as a balance or balance adjustment target value. A manual reset switch 34c is provided. The target value storage means is constituted by the memory M of the control unit 34b, the difference calculation means is constituted by the control unit 34b, and the display means is constituted by the display unit 34a.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of the configuration of the display unit 34a. In particular, the difference between the detected values of the three distance sensors 31a to 31c and the above-described stored target value is simultaneously displayed on the display portion corresponding to the car. Further, the distance (difference) detection position, the detection direction, and the distance (difference) magnitude in the basket 2 are displayed in a visually easy-to-understand manner. A, B, and C are LED element groups that indicate the difference between the detected value of the distance to the guide rail detected by the distance sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c, up to the target value, respectively. These LED element groups, for each sensor, a plurality of LED elements are arranged along the detection direction at a position corresponding to the detection position of the distance sensor (i.e., arranged in the X-axis direction on both sides of the cage, Detected at every 1mm in both the front and rear (positive and negative) directions centered on the target value which is the detected value when the car 2 is in the center position. The LED element corresponding to the difference of the detected value from the target value is lit (emitted) and displayed. Thereby, the displacement from the center position of the car is displayed so as to be easily understood visually. When the target value, that is, the center position, or even when the difference exceeds a predetermined range (the portion indicated by “OVER”: ± 5 mm or more here), the LED element is changed so that the display color changes. Is provided. The direction of the landing side is also shown.

  If the roller guide shoe 5 is fixed at a predetermined position on the guide shoe fixing plate 4 with the car placed at the center position, the three rollers 51 of the roller guide shoe 5 shown in FIG. The design is such that the guide rail is supported in an ideal state at the center position of the movable region regulated by the spring 52 or the like. At this time, the rollers 51 that press the side surfaces on both sides of the guide rail are in a state where the forces of the springs 52 are balanced with each other, and the roller 51 that presses the cage-side surface of the guide rail is a roller guide on the opposite side of the cage. The roller 51 that presses the cage-side surface of the guide rail of the shoe 5 and the force of the spring 52 are in balance with each other. The receiving portion of the guide rail of the roller guide shoe 5 is a U-shaped portion formed by three rollers 51, and the guide rail comes to an ideal target position where the center position of this receiving portion or the balance of force is balanced. It becomes like this.

  FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of the elevator car balance adjusting method according to the present invention, and the operation will be described in accordance with this flowchart. The car balance adjustment according to the present invention is performed in a state where the car 2 is on the lower side of the hoistway where the weight 6 can be attached to the lower surface of the car 2 from the pit at the lower part of the hoistway. The roller guide shoe 5 may be temporarily fixed to the upper side of the car 2 and the upper roller guide shoe 5 may be removed after operating to the lower side of the hoistway. As shown in FIG. 2, the upper side of the car 2 has no roller guide shoe mounted on the guide shoe fixing plate 4 and is in a free state. The roller guide shoe 5 is already attached to a predetermined position on the guide shoe fixing plate 4 that is calculated in advance so that the car 2 comes to the center position on both sides of the lower side of the car 2, and is semi-fixed. It is in a state (it can move within a range defined by the roller guide shoe 5). In addition, the change of the weight balance in the cage | basket | car 2 which arises in the sensor parts 30a and 30b and the joint part 33 mounted on the cage | basket | car 2 shall be a category which can be disregarded.

  First, a weight 6 to be attached to the car 2 is prepared in the lower pit of the hoistway, and a car balance measuring device 3 including sensor units 30a and 30b, a joint unit 33, and a measuring device main body 34 is prepared on the car 2 ( Step S1). Next, the worker fixes the car 2 at the center position that is the final ideal position on the upper side of the car 2. This uses a stopper bolt (not shown) of a car fixing mechanism provided in advance in the car 2, and fixes the car 2 at a position of a pre-calculated dimension (a dimension from the guide rail or other part of the hoistway). This is done (step S2). Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the car balance measuring device 3 is mounted on the car 2. That is, the sensor unit 30a in which the distance sensor 31a in the X-axis direction is attached to the sensor fixing plate 32, and the sensor unit 30b in which the distance sensor 31b in the X-axis direction and the distance sensor 31c in the Y-axis direction are attached to the sensor fixing plate 32. On the guide shoe fixing plates 4 on both sides of the upper surface of the car 2, the roller guide shoes 5 are fixed by bolts 9a using fixing holes 9 for fixing the roller guide shoes 5 later. After fixing the sensor fixing plate 32 to the guide shoe fixing plate 4 first, the distance sensors 31a, 31b, 31c may be attached. The joint part 33 and the measuring device main body 34 are also placed on the car 2 (step S3).

  Next, since the car 2 is fixed at an ideal center position, in this state, the distance sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c are moved from the guide rails 1a and 1b that are distance detection targets to a predetermined distance on the car 2. The positions of the distance sensors 31a, 31b, 31c on the sensor fixing plate 32 are adjusted so that the distance (for example, 25 mm) is obtained (step S4). In this state, each of the distance sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c indicates a detection value that is a target value when the car balance is adjusted when the car 2 is at the center position.

  Here, in relation to the setting of the adjustment target value (balance target value) for car balance adjustment, the car balance measuring device 3 will be described. The control unit 34b of the measuring device main body 34 shown in FIG. For each sensor, an output for causing the display unit 34a to display the difference between the target value stored in the memory M and the detected value from the sensor is generated. When the manual reset switch 34c is pressed, a reset signal is received, and the target value in the memory M is updated with the respective detection values of the distance sensors 31a, 31b, 31c at that time. Thereafter, the updated target value and sensor are updated. The output of causing the display unit 34a to display the difference between the detected values from the first and second values is generated. Therefore, the position of each sensor is adjusted so that the distance of each distance sensor 31a, 31b, 31c to the guide rail is a predetermined distance (for example, 25 mm) while the car 2 is fixed at the ideal center position. Then, the manual reset switch 34c is pushed. Thereby, the output of each sensor in this state is recorded in the memory M. Therefore, after that, this recorded value becomes the target value, and the difference between this target value and the detected value, that is, the distance from the current sensor to the guide rail with respect to the distance from the sensor to the guide rail when the car is at the center position. The difference is displayed on the display unit 34a.

  Next, the stopper bolt of the car fixing mechanism of the car 2 is loosened to release the fixing, and the upper side of the car 2 is brought into a free state (step S5). Then, the measuring apparatus main body 34 is lowered under the car 2 as shown in FIG. 1 (step S6). The worker then moves to a pit below the hoistway below the car 2.

  Next, the worker who has moved below the car 2 attaches the weight 6 to the lower part of the car 2 while looking at the display unit 34a of the measuring device main body 34, and guides the guide rail 1a from the sensors of the distance sensors 31a, 31b, 31c. Alternatively, the weight balance of the car 2 for adjusting the position and weight of the weight 6 is adjusted so that the distance to the guide rail 1b becomes a target value (steps S7 and S8).

  Next, for example, the detection values of the distance sensors 31a, 31b, 31c of the display unit 34a of the measuring apparatus main body 34 shown in FIG. 6 are all set to target values (± 0 LEDs are lit), and the car is centered. When the position is reached and the weight is balanced, the operator moves again to the upper side of the car 2, and in this state, the stopper bolt of the car fixing mechanism is tightened to fix the car 2 again (step S9). Then, the car balance measuring device 3 including the sensor units 30a and 30b, the joint portion 33, and the measuring device main body 34 is removed from the car 2 (step S10). Next, the roller guide shoes 5 are respectively fixed to predetermined positions of the guide shoe fixing plates 4 on both sides of the upper side of the car 2 with mounting bolts (step S11). Finally, the stopper bolt of the car fixing mechanism is loosened to release the fixing. The state at this time is shown in FIG. 8 (step S12).

  It is to be noted that the worker is actually working on the upper side of the car 2 from step S2 in which the car 2 is first fixed at the center position to step S5 in which the car is unfixed after setting the target value of the car balance measuring device. Up to and after the step S9 for fixing the car after the car position in the car balance adjustment is adjusted to the center position, if the car 2 is fixed by the stopper bolt of the car fixing mechanism. There is no problem even if the worker works on the car 2.

  In the above method, the position of each distance sensor 31a, 31b, 31c on the sensor fixing plate 32 is set to a predetermined distance from the guide rails 1a, 1b in a state where the car 2 is fixed at the center position in step S4. (For example, 25 mm), but as shown in step S4a of FIG. 7, the distance from each of the distance sensors 31a, 31b, 31c from the guide rails 1a, 1b is not adjusted, and is attached first. The output of each sensor at the selected position may be stored in the memory M of the control unit 34b as a target value when the car 2 is at the center position. Thereby, adjustment of the position of each distance sensor 31a, 31b, 31c becomes unnecessary, and an operation | work is simplified more.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, even after the roller guide shoe 5 is attached to the upper side of the car 2, the car balance measuring device 3 can be mounted on the car 2 by attaching the sensor portions 30 a and 30 b on the roller guide shoe 5. The relative displacement of the guide rails 1a and 1b with respect to the roller guide shoe 5, which has been impossible until now, can be measured, which can be used for evaluation of car balance adjustment and performance evaluation of the roller guide shoe 5. The relative position or the relative displacement may be measured while the car 2 is stopped at an arbitrary position along the guide rails 1a and 1b or while the car 2 is running. In this case, the measuring apparatus main body 34 may be brought into the car 2 and measurement may be performed in the car 2 (steps S13 and S14).

  In addition, although the display part 34a of the measuring device main body 34 of the car balance measuring device 3 is assumed to use an inexpensive LED, instead of this, for example, a liquid crystal display may be displayed in a similar format. Good.

  Also, the guide shoe using the roller guide shoe has been described. However, the guide shoe having a U-shaped sliding surface facing the three surfaces including the side surface on both sides of the guide rail and the side surface on the cage side is also described. , As well as applicable.

It is a side view which shows the car in the elevator hoistway for demonstrating the elevator car balance adjustment method by this invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged top view of the vicinity of a guide rail of the car of FIG. 1 before the car balance measuring device is attached. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged top view of the vicinity of a guide rail of the car of FIG. 1 after the car balance measuring device is attached. It is a top view which shows the schematic internal structure of a roller guide shoe. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the control system of the car balance measuring apparatus used with the elevator car balance adjustment method by this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the display part of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the elevator car balance adjustment method by this invention. It is a figure which shows the state which attached the roller guide shoe to the upper side of a car after completion | finish of a car balance adjustment. It is a figure which shows the state which attached the car balance measuring apparatus on the roller guide shoe attached to the upper side of the car.

Explanation of symbols

  1a, 1b Guide rail, 2 car, 2a guide shoe mounting part, 3 car balance measuring device, 4 guide shoe fixing plate, 5 guide shoe (roller guide shoe), 6 weight, 7 main rope, 9 mounting hole, 9a bolt, 30a, 30b Sensor unit, 31a, 31b, 31c Distance sensor, 32 Sensor fixing plate, 33 Joint unit, 34 Measuring device main body, 34a Display unit, 34b Control unit, 34c Reset switch, 35 cord, 51 roller, 52 Spring, M memory.

Claims (6)

The weight balance of the car is adjusted so that the car is at the center position centered in both the Y axis direction connecting the guide rails in the horizontal plane and the X axis perpendicular to the Y axis direction with respect to the guide rails on both sides. An elevator car balance adjustment method,
Car balance measurement having a plurality of distance sensors attached to the car side and detecting the distance from the guide rail at a plurality of locations, and a measuring device main body including a display unit connected to each distance sensor and displaying a detection result Using equipment
Both sides of the guide rail along the Y-axis only on the lower side so that the car is suspended from the main rope below the hoistway and the car is at the center position with respect to the guide rails on both sides And after attaching the plurality of distance sensors on both sides of the upper side of the car on the upper side of the car, with the guide shoes facing the three surfaces of the car side along the X-axis being attached, The elevator is characterized in that a weight for adjusting the weight balance of the car is attached to the lower part of the car so that the outputs of the plurality of distance sensors each show a desired value while looking at the display unit of the measuring apparatus main body. Car balance adjustment method.   2. The elevator car according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of distance sensors are mounted by guide shoe mounting holes on guide shoe mounting plates provided on both upper sides of the car and on which guide shoes are respectively mounted at predetermined positions. Balance adjustment method.   Before the weight is attached, the car is fixed at the center position by a car fixing mechanism provided on the car side, and the detected values of the plurality of distance sensors in this state are stored in the car balance measuring device. A step of setting an adjustment target value, and in attaching the weight, a weight for adjusting the weight balance is attached so that the detection values of the plurality of distance sensors are respectively matched with the adjustment target value. The elevator car balance adjustment method according to claim 1 or 2. Attaching the weights, completing the balance adjustment, fixing the car with the car fixing mechanism, removing the distance sensors on the guide shoe mounting plates on both sides of the upper side of the car, and attaching the guide shoes to each of them; ,
The plurality of distance sensors are mounted on guide shoes mounted on both upper sides of the car, and the guide rail is relative to the guide shoe while the car is stopped or traveled at an arbitrary position along the guide rail. Measuring the displacement;
The elevator car balance adjustment method according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising:   The distance between one of the guide rails in the Y-axis direction and the distance between the guide rails on both sides in the X-axis direction are detected by the plurality of distance sensors, respectively. 5. The elevator car balance adjustment method according to any one of 4 above.   6. Each of the guide shoes comprises a roller guide shoe that presses the guide rail with a roller from three directions from both sides in the X-axis direction and from the car side in the Y-axis direction. The elevator car balance adjustment method according to any one of the above.

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