JP4571659B2 - Garbage fermentation processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a garbage fermentation treatment apparatus used for reducing and composting garbage by microbial decomposition treatment using microorganisms.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a garbage processing apparatus, in addition to a heating weight reduction method for drying and reducing the amount of garbage by heat, a fermentation processing method for fermenting and reducing the amount of garbage using microorganisms is known.

As a fermentation treatment system, for example, first, a plurality of temperature sensors that detect temperatures in the vertical direction are provided in the treatment tank, and the temperature sensor detects the processed material in the upper layer, the intermediate layer, and the lower layer of the treatment tank. It is a means to monitor the temperature and to reduce the weight by stirring and mixing each layer as necessary while grasping and managing the transition to the fermentation heat rise period, constant temperature period, and temperature fall period (see Patent Document 1) ).

Secondly, a vertical stirring shaft is disposed substantially vertically in the center of a cylindrical food fermentation treatment tank into which raw garbage is introduced together with microorganisms, and a horizontal rake stirring blade is provided below the vertical stirring shaft. A pair of equalizing round rod-shaped leveling blades inclined at a predetermined angle are attached to the upper part of the same agitation type stirring shaft, respectively, and an air ejection pipe is attached to the vortexing stirring blade arranged in the lower part, and the air ejection pipe It is a means of the structure which provided the air jet nozzle which jets air in the anti-rotation direction of a stirring blade (refer patent document 2).
Japanese Patent No. 3154473 Japanese Patent No. 3057488

  In the former, where the temperature of the upper layer, middle layer, and lower layer is controlled by the temperature sensor, the accuracy of the temperature control depends on the number of temperature sensors. It leads to cost increase with making.

  There is a need for a balance between cost and accuracy improvement, such as having a problem in which proper accuracy cannot be expected if the number is reduced and the number is reduced.

  In the latter case, which is equipped with a stirrer stirring blade and a rounding rod-shaped smoothing blade, the raw garbage during fermentation adheres and grows on each blade during the stirring operation. Depending on the problem, efficient stirring cannot be expected.

  In particular, raw garbage contains a large amount of moisture at the beginning of charging during fermentation. Water gradually disappears as the fermentation process proceeds. This change in the moisture content of the raw garbage sometimes exhibits a property that the viscosity increases and it tends to adhere.

  For this reason, the garbage in the middle of fermentation adheres to the blades at the time of stirring, and it adheres and grows. At the same time, a state is created in which the blade rotates around without being stirred. In addition, there is a problem that air does not reach the entire tank.

  Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to eliminate the attachment and mess of garbage when stirring with a simple structure and to allow air to be fed in a balanced manner over the entire area of the upper layer, middle layer, and lower layer in the treatment tank. And

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a cylindrical raw garbage fermentation treatment tank into which raw garbage is introduced together with microorganisms, and a rotational force is provided by a drive unit disposed in the center of the raw garbage fermentation treatment tank. a vertical rotating shaft provided, one end is horizontally disposed at an intermediate position of the garbage fermentation treatment tank is in a peripheral wall of the garbage fermentation tank, the other end of which is their respective supporting lifting the vertical rotary shaft A fixed blade and a horizontally-arranged upper stirring blade that is attached to the vertical rotating shaft and has a proximal end that is one end side and passes through the upper and lower sides of the fixed blade when the vertical rotating shaft rotates. And the lower agitating blade, and the stationary blade has a separating action surface having a square cross section for separating the garbage from above and below during the agitation operation, and air is inclined obliquely downward on the opposite side of the separating action surface. Inject air Has Ikan, the upper agitating blade and the lower agitating blade is characterized in that it has an air injection pipe for injecting air toward diagonally downward in counter-rotating direction side.

  According to the present invention, the upper side stirring blades and the lower side stirring blades rotate in the treatment tank, whereby the raw garbage in the tank can be stirred and mixed.

  In addition, since the upper stirring blade and the lower stirring blade always pass above and below the fixed blade during the stirring and mixing, for example, even if raw garbage during fermentation adheres to the upper stirring blade or the lower stirring blade and grows. When passing through the fixed blade, it collides and peels off. At the same time, the garbage that rotates together with the stirring blades is divided up and down to block the turning around, so that stable and efficient stirring and mixing can be performed.

Moreover, since air (oxygen) can be sent in a well-balanced manner over the entire upper layer, intermediate layer, and lower layer of the tank by the air ejection pipe, an efficient fermentation process is possible.
In addition, the fixed blade has a separating action surface with a square cross-section that separates the garbage into an upper part and a lower part during the stirring operation, so that the raw blade rotates in association with the upper stirring blade and the lower stirring blade in the raw garbage intermediate layer in the tank. It becomes possible to divide the garbage up and down and follow around.

  In carrying out the present invention, first, the garbage fermentation treatment tank includes an outlet that can be connected to a second fermentation treatment tank constituting the garbage fermentation treatment system, and the outlet is fully closed. Sometimes it has a shutter that can be opened and closed, and the peripheral edge of the opening is sealed by a seal member, and is provided at a predetermined height from the bottom of the tank, so that dripping from the discharge port is surely prevented and necessary for the next fermentation process. It is desirable that a predetermined amount containing microorganisms can be removed and removed.

In the said upper stirring blade to the second, that to have a downward working surface and that sent to the downward and upward working surface that upward feeding the garbage during stirring, downward and upward in the vessel in the upper layer It is desirable to obtain a complex stirring and mixing action that feeds the slab.

In the lower agitating blade Thirdly, by so provided with upward acting surface that send upwardly the garbage during stirring, stirring and mixing is obtained acting feed garbage accumulated in Tank bottom upwards It is desirable to do so.

In the shaped separation acting surfaces rather cross section Fourth, by opening angle θ is so is smaller in sequence toward the rotation shaft side of the center from the peripheral wall, the stirring of the upper and lower It is desirable to guide the garbage thrown out by the action of the centrifugal force toward the peripheral wall by the blades to the central portion side so as to eliminate the deviation gathered on the peripheral wall side .

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings of FIGS.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic explanatory diagram of a garbage fermentation treatment apparatus according to the present invention. A garbage fermentation treatment apparatus 1 includes a cylindrical garbage fermentation treatment tank 3, a garbage input port 5 for introducing garbage together with microorganisms into the garbage fermentation treatment tank 3, and the garbage fermentation treatment tank 3. And a garbage stirrer 7 for stirring and mixing the garbage.

  The garbage fermentation treatment tank 3 is mounted and set on a weight meter 9 such as a load cell, and the inside of the tank is controlled and managed at a suitable temperature by a heater 15 provided on the peripheral wall 11 and the tank bottom 13. .

  The weigh scale 9 serves as a moisture content detecting means for monitoring the weight during the fermentation process in which the moisture gradually disappears from the weight at the time when the garbage containing a lot of moisture is added. It has a function to control and manage the number of revolutions.

  The garbage input port 5 has an openable / closable lid 16 provided at the top of the garbage fermentation treatment tank 3. The opening / closing lid 16 is supported by a hydraulic drive device 21 including a piston 17 and a cylinder 19, and the opening / closing operation (solid line and chain line) of the opening / closing lid 16 is possible by expansion and contraction (arrow) of the piston 17.

  The garbage stirrer 7 includes a vertical rotating shaft 23, a fixed blade 25, and an upper stirring blade 27 and a lower stirring blade that pass above and below the vertical rotation shaft 23, the fixed blade 25, and the fixed blade 25, respectively, disposed in the central portion of the garbage fermentation treatment tank 3. There are 29 combination structures. The upper stirring blade 27 and the lower stirring blade 29 have base end portions 27a and 29a attached to the saddle-shaped rotary shaft 23, and the free end has a cantilevered support structure with different directions by 180 degrees.

The vertical rotating shaft 23 is rotatably supported at both ends by a bearing 31 at the upper and lower portions of the garbage fermentation treatment tank 3. The upper end of the vertical rotational shaft 23 rotating force is given from the garbage fermentation tank 3 of the ceiling portion 33 driving portion 35 which is set to the deceleration through the transfer movement mechanism 37. Based on the weight detection signal from the weighing scale 9, the driving unit 35 transmits the rotational power optimal for stirring to the vertical rotating shaft 23.

  2 and 3, the fixed blade 25 is horizontally disposed at an intermediate position in the vertical direction of the garbage fermentation treatment tank 3, and one end thereof is fixedly supported by the peripheral wall 11. The other end is slidably supported with respect to the saddle type rotary shaft 23.

  As a supporting means for slidably supporting the saddle type rotary shaft 23, as shown in the figure, between the upper and lower disk-shaped flange portions 39 provided on the saddle type rotary shaft 23 and the flange portion 39, the fixed blade 25 The support 41 is extended.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the fixed blade 25 has separation action surfaces 45 a and 45 b that separate upward and downward during stirring and an air injection pipe 47 provided along the fixed blade 25.

  The separating action surfaces 45a and 45b are formed in a cross-sectional shape, and the opening angle θ is set to be larger on the outer peripheral wall 11 side, and gradually smaller toward the inner rotary shaft 23 side.

  This is because when garbage is stirred by the stirring blades 27 and 29, the rotating shaft 23 is combined with the upper and lower separation actions by the separation action surfaces 45a and 45b. In this way, it is possible to obtain the action of guiding toward the central portion and eliminating the deviation gathered on the peripheral wall 11 side.

  The air injection pipe 47 communicates with a compressor (not shown) and an air supply pipe 49 arranged along the outer peripheral wall 11 of the garbage fermentation treatment tank 3, and is connected to the inside of the treatment tank from the ejection ports 51 provided at predetermined intervals. Air (oxygen) is injected into the intermediate layer.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the base portion of the air injection pipe 47 that communicates with the air passage 53 provided along the central axis of the saddle type rotary shaft 23 through the connecting passage 53a is connected to the base of the air injection pipe 47. It is also possible to use a support means that is rotatably supported by 55.

  In particular, in this embodiment, both ends of the fixed blade 25 are supported at both ends so that the fixed blade 25 is securely fixed and supported, so that a high support rigidity that does not adversely affect even if a large load or impact load is applied to the fixed blade 25 is exhibited. . The air passage 53 is connected to and communicated with a compressor (not shown) from the upper end.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the upper agitating blade 27 is an integral structure composed of a combination of a pair of left and right blade plates 57, 59 and an air jet pipe 61 that also serves as a strength member disposed along the blade plates 57, 59. It has become. The blades 57 and 59 are divided into an outer region and an inner region, and the blades 57 in the outer region on the free end side have an upward action surface 57a that acts upward by inclining by a predetermined angle. The blade 59 in the inner region on the attachment side has a downward action surface 59a that acts downward by inclining by a predetermined angle.

  The air injection pipe 61 is made of a stainless steel pipe that also serves as a strength member, and is connected to and communicated with a communication passage 53b that extends in a radial direction from the air passage 53 provided in the saddle type rotary shaft 23. The air jet pipe 61 is provided with jet holes 63 for jetting air (oxygen) in the upper layer in the tank at predetermined intervals.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the lower stirring blade 29 is provided along a blade plate 67 having a working surface 67 a that acts upward during stirring, in addition to the support arm 65 serving as a strength member, and the blade plate 67. It has a combined structure consisting of the provided air injection pipe 69.

  The working surface 67a is obtained by inclining the blade plate 67 constituting the lower stirring blade 29 by a predetermined angle. The air injection pipe 69 is connected to and communicated with a communication passage 53c extending in a radial direction from an air passage 53 provided in the saddle type rotary shaft 23. The air jet pipe 69 is provided with jet nozzles 71 for jetting air (oxygen) at a predetermined interval in the lower layer in the tank.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. For example, when the discharge port 73 constructs a fermentation treatment system including the second, third, and fourth fermentation treatment tanks 3-2, 3-3, and 3-4 as shown in FIGS. It can be connected to the intake port 74 of the second fermentation treatment tank 3-2.

  The position of the discharge port 73 is arranged at a predetermined height H from the tank bottom 13, so that not all is taken out when the processed material is taken out from the discharge port 73, but a predetermined containing microorganisms necessary for the next fermentation treatment. It can be taken out with the amount of leftover.

A guide frame 75 is provided at the discharge port 73, and both sides 75 a have a U-shaped inward section that guides the shutter 77 up and down. The upper part 75b and the lower part 75c have a shape arranged in parallel so as to guide the shutter 77 up and down with the shutter 77 in between.

  The guide frame 75 is provided with a seal member 79 that elastically contacts the peripheral edge of the shutter when the shutter 77 is fully closed, and the lower region is opened as shown in FIG. This opening allows the object to be treated to fall down without accumulation, so that a reliable fully closed position of the shutter 77 is ensured, so that a reliable sealing state of the discharge port 73 is ensured, and the liquid during the fermentation process (Moisture) is surely prevented from leaking out. In this case, the lower surface of the shutter 77 is provided with an inclined surface 81 that is inclined downward to smoothly flow down due to natural flow due to its own weight. The shutter 77 can be opened and closed by a shutter drive mechanism 83.

  The shutter drive mechanism 83 includes a screw-type lifting shaft 85 extended from the upper end of the shutter 77 and guide rods 87 on both sides.

  A drive pulley 89 provided at the upper end of the elevating shaft 85 is rotationally supported by a drive motor 91 and is rotatably supported by a support frame 93.

  The upper end portion of the guide rod 87 is supported in a state of penetrating through the support hole of the support frame 93.

  Therefore, for example, when the drive motor 91 gives right or left rotational power to the elevating shaft 85, the elevating shaft 85 rises or descends together with the guide rod 87 so as to protrude upward from the support frame 93. Thus, the shutter 77 can be opened and closed.

  According to the garbage fermentation processing apparatus 1 configured as described above, the upper side stirring blades 27 and the lower side stirring blades 29 rotate in the processing tank 3 so that the raw garbage in the processing tank 3 is stirred and mixed. be able to. During this agitation and mixing, the upper agitating blade 27 and the lower agitating blade 29 always pass above and below the stationary blade 25, respectively. For example, raw garbage during fermentation adheres to the upper agitating blade 27 or the lower agitating blade 29. Even if it grows, it collides and peels off when passing through the fixed blade. At the same time, the garbage that rotates together with each of the stirring blades 27 and 29 is divided into upper and lower parts, so that the surroundings are cut off, while the separation action surfaces 45a and 45b having different opening angles θ are guided toward the center. Combined with the state without slippage, stable and efficient stirring and mixing can be performed.

  In addition, air (oxygen) can be sent in a well-balanced manner throughout the upper, middle, and lower layers of the treatment tank 3 by the air injection tubes 47, 61, and 69 so that efficient fermentation treatment can be performed. Become.

  In addition, when using the fermented garbage fermentation processing tank 3 comprised in this way as a fermentation processing system which connects and communicates stepwise as shown in FIG. 12, FIG. As shown, it is desirable to provide a spiral conveyor 95 for removal at the outlet of the final fourth fermentation treatment tank 3-4. As a result, the powder can be dried and automatically taken out into the receiving tank 97. At this time, since each fermentation treatment tank 3-2, 3-3, and 3-4 are reliably separated and independent by the shutter 77, there is no intrusion of moisture into the adjacent treatment tank, and each reliable fermentation treatment is performed independently. Benefits you can do.

In addition, the generated gas which becomes a strange odor generated at the time of the fermentation treatment of each of the fermentation treatment tanks 3 , 3-2, 3-3 and 4 is led to the deodorization device 101 through the duct 99, deodorized and discharged to the outside. It is desirable.

  Moreover, each fermentation processing tank does not necessarily need to be arranged in series. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the second, third, and fourth of the fermentation processing tanks are arranged along the periphery of the first raw garbage fermentation processing tank 3. It is also possible to connect the fermentation tanks 3-2, 3-3, 3-4 in parallel.

  In the case of this embodiment, the take-out spiral conveyor 95 is connected to the discharge port 73 of each of the second, third, and fourth fermentation tanks 3-2, 3-3, and 3-4. Become so.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Outline explanatory drawing of the garbage fermentation processing apparatus concerning this invention. The schematic explanatory drawing which showed the attachment state of the fixed blade | wing. ( A ) is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG . 2, (b) is the sectional view on the BB line of FIG. The schematic explanatory drawing which showed another embodiment which attaches a fixed blade | wing to a saddle-type rotary shaft. The schematic explanatory drawing which showed the attachment state of the upper side stirring blade. The CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The DD sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The schematic explanatory drawing which showed the attachment state of the low-order stirring blade. EE sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The expansion outline side view of a discharge port. The expansion outline front view of a discharge port. The outline side view showing the fermentation treatment system which connected the garbage fermentation treatment tank in series in steps. FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view of FIG. 12. The schematic explanatory drawing which provided the spiral conveyor for taking out in the discharge port. The outline side view showing another fermentation processing system which connected the garbage fermentation processing tank in parallel. FIG. 16 is a schematic plan view of FIG. 15.

Explanation of symbols

1 Garbage Fermentation Processing Equipment 3 Garbage Fermentation Processing Tank 3-2 Second Fermentation Processing Tank 5 Raw Garbage Input Port
7 Garbage Stirrer 9 Weighing Scale 11 Peripheral Wall 13 Tank Bottom 15 Heater
23 Vertical rotating shaft 25 fixed blade 27 upper agitating blade 29 lower stirring blade 45a, the downward action of the upward acting surface 59a the upper stirring blade of 45b minute away working surface 47,61,69 air injection pipe 57a upper stirring blade Surface 67 Blade plate of lower stirring blade 67a Upward working surface of lower stirring blade

Claims (5)

Cylindrical raw garbage fermentation treatment tank that puts raw garbage together with microorganisms,
A vertical rotating shaft that is arranged at the center of the garbage fermentation treatment tank and is given rotational power by a drive unit;
And the one end is horizontally disposed peripheral wall of the garbage fermentation treatment tank, a fixed blade whose other end is their respective supporting lifting the vertical rotary shaft in an intermediate position of the garbage fermentation treatment tank,
A base end portion that is one end side is attached to the vertical rotating shaft, and when the vertical rotating shaft rotates, the upper stirring blade and the lower stirring that are horizontally disposed passing through the upper and lower sides of the stationary blade respectively. With feathers,
The fixed blade, which has a separating action surface garbage sectional dogleg-shaped separating the top and bottom during the stir operation, an air injection pipe for injecting air toward obliquely downward on the opposite side of the separation action surface ,
The upper side stirring blade and the lower side stirring blade each have an air injection pipe for injecting air obliquely downward in the counter-rotation direction side . In the garbage fermentation processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The said garbage fermentation processing tank is equipped with the discharge port which can be connected with the 2nd fermentation processing tank which comprises a garbage fermentation processing system,
The outlet, it is provided at a position of a predetermined height from the tank bottom garbage fermentation apparatus you characterized with having an openable shutter opening peripheral edge is sealed to the fully closed by the sealing member. In the garbage fermentation processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
The upper stirring vane may be garbage fermentation apparatus you said to have a downward working surface that feed downwards and upwards feed that upward acting surface garbage during stirring. In the garbage fermentation processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
The lower stirring vane, it has an upward acting surface that send upwardly garbage garbage fermentation apparatus you wherein upon agitation. In the garbage fermentation processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The cross-sectional dogleg-shaped separating action surface, the opening angle θ is garbage fermentation equipment you characterized in that is smaller in sequence toward the vertical rotation shaft side of the center from the peripheral wall.

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