JP4548832B2 - Automotive steering structure - Google Patents
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- JP4548832B2 JP4548832B2 JP2005005664A JP2005005664A JP4548832B2 JP 4548832 B2 JP4548832 B2 JP 4548832B2 JP 2005005664 A JP2005005664 A JP 2005005664A JP 2005005664 A JP2005005664 A JP 2005005664A JP 4548832 B2 JP4548832 B2 JP 4548832B2
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本発明は、優れた衝撃吸収機能を有する自動車用ステアリング構造体に関する。 The present invention relates to an automobile steering structure having an excellent shock absorbing function.
自動車のステアリング装置では、一般的に図１に示すように、ステアリングホイールと一体に回転するステアリングシャフト１を回転自在に支持するステアリングコラム２が、ブラケットを介してフロントデッキクロスメンバ等の車体構成部材に保持されている。そして、ステアリングコラム２を保持するブラケットとしては、ステアリングコラム２を支持するコラム側ブラケット３と、車体構成部材に固定された車体側ブラケット４から構成されており、両ブラケット３，４がかしめピン（図示せず）で一応固定されている（例えば特許文献１，２参照）。さらに、図示していないが、ステアリングコラムがかしめピン等で車体側ブラケットにも仮止めされているものもある。
As shown in FIG. 1, in an automobile steering device, a
このようなステアリング装置において、図１中に矢印Ａで示すような方向に衝突荷重がステアリングシャフト１に入力した場合を想定すると、ステアリングシャフト１と一体になったステアリングコラム２を支持しているコラム側ブラケット３がかしめピンを破壊して車体側ブラケット４上を摺動しながら相対的に移動する。このためステアリングコラム２が同じく矢印Ｂ方向に移動することができ、衝撃を緩和することができることになっている。
特許文献１，２等で紹介されているようなステアリング装置においては、コラム側ブラケットや車体側ブラケットは熱延鋼板から製造されている場合が多い。
コラム側ブラケット及び車体側ブラケットが共に熱延鋼板から製造されていると、熱延鋼板同士の金属学的親和性が高いために焼付きが生じやすく、コラム側ブラケットの移動時に安定して摺動しないばかりでなく摺動距離も短くなる。このため、信頼性に乏しく、衝撃吸収能も低くなる。
車体側ブラケットとして、すべり特性の優れたシリコン樹脂やフッ素樹脂の成形品を用いようとすると、樹脂自身の高価格に起因してコスト高となってしまう。
本発明は、このような問題を解消すべく案出されたものであり、ブラケットを構成する鋼板として摺動特性に優れためっき鋼板を用いることにより、信頼性と衝撃吸収能に優れた自動車用ステアリング構造体を低コストで提供することを目的とする。
In the steering apparatus introduced in
If the column side bracket and the vehicle body side bracket are both manufactured from hot-rolled steel plates, seizure is likely to occur due to the high metallurgical affinity between the hot-rolled steel plates, and the column side brackets slide stably. Not only does this, but also reduces the sliding distance. For this reason, the reliability is poor and the shock absorbing ability is also lowered.
If an attempt is made to use a molded product of silicon resin or fluororesin having excellent sliding characteristics as the vehicle body side bracket, the cost increases due to the high price of the resin itself.
The present invention has been devised to solve such problems, and by using a plated steel plate having excellent sliding characteristics as a steel plate constituting the bracket, the present invention is for automobiles having excellent reliability and shock absorption capability. An object is to provide a steering structure at a low cost.
本発明の自動車用ステアリング構造体は、その目的を達成するため、ステアリングコラムを支持するコラム側ブラケットと、車体構成部材に固定された車体側ブラケットとが、それぞれの平面で相接するように配置され、衝撃荷重が前記ステアリングコラムに入力したときに前記コラム側ブラケットが前記車体側ブラケット上を前記平面で摺動しながら相対的に移動するステアリング構造体であって、少なくとも前記車体側ブラケットが溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板から構成されていることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the object, the automotive steering structure of the present invention is arranged such that a column side bracket that supports the steering column and a vehicle body side bracket that is fixed to the vehicle body constituting member are in contact with each other on each plane. When the impact load is input to the steering column, the column side bracket moves relative to the vehicle body side bracket while sliding on the plane, and at least the vehicle body side bracket is melted. It is comprised from the Zn-Al-Mg alloy plating steel plate.
ステアリング装置としては、ステアリングコラムを支持するコラム側ブラケットと、車体構成部材に固定された車体側ブラケットから構成されており、両ブラケットがかしめピン等で仮止めされている構造のものが挙げられる。前記構造に加え、ステアリングコラム自身もかしめピン等で車体側ブラケットにも仮止めされている構造のものが挙げられる。 The steering device includes a column side bracket that supports a steering column and a vehicle body side bracket that is fixed to a vehicle body component member, and has a structure in which both brackets are temporarily fixed by caulking pins or the like. In addition to the above structure, a structure in which the steering column itself is also temporarily fixed to the vehicle body side bracket by a caulking pin or the like can be mentioned.
本発明においては、コラム側ブラケットと車体側ブラケットとが相対的に摺動する自動車用ステアリング構造体において、少なくとも車体側ブラケットを構成する鋼板として硬質表面を有する溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板を用いることにより、コラム側ブラケットと車体側ブラケットとの相対的な摺動特性を向上させることができる。このため、衝突荷重が入力されたときのコラム側ブラケットの摺動距離を大幅に延ばすことが可能になる。すなわち、摺動特性の向上により、衝撃吸収能が大幅に向上し、自動車の安全性の向上に貢献できることになる。 In the present invention, in an automobile steering structure in which a column side bracket and a vehicle body side bracket slide relative to each other, a molten Zn-Al-Mg alloy plated steel plate having a hard surface is used as a steel plate constituting at least the vehicle body side bracket. By using, the relative sliding characteristics of the column side bracket and the vehicle body side bracket can be improved. For this reason, it becomes possible to greatly extend the sliding distance of the column side bracket when the collision load is input. That is, the improvement of the sliding characteristics greatly improves the shock absorption capacity, and can contribute to the improvement of the safety of the automobile.
本発明者等は、自動車用ステアリング構造体におけるコラム側ブラケットと車体側ブラケットとの相対的な摺動特性の向上策について種々検討を重ねてきた。
その結果、コラム側ブラケットと車体側ブラケットの内、少なくとも車体側ブラケットを溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板で形作ると、当該めっき鋼板のＺｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき層の高い硬さが最大限に活用されてコラム側ブラケットと車体側ブラケット間の相対的な摺動性が高められ、衝突荷重が入力されたとき、長い摺動距離を安定して摺動することを確認した。
以下にその詳細を説明する。
The present inventors have made various studies on measures for improving the relative sliding characteristics of the column side bracket and the vehicle body side bracket in the steering structure for automobiles.
As a result, when at least the vehicle body side bracket of the column side bracket and the vehicle body side bracket is formed of a molten Zn—Al—Mg alloy plated steel plate, the high hardness of the Zn—Al—Mg alloy plated layer of the plated steel plate is maximized. As a result, the relative slidability between the column side bracket and the vehicle body side bracket was improved, and it was confirmed that when a collision load was input, the long side sliding distance was stably slid.
Details will be described below.
本出願人等は、Ａｌ：４.０〜１０質量％，Ｍｇ：１.０〜４.０質量％，さらに必要に応じて微量のＴｉ，Ｂ，Ｓｉ，Ｚｒ，希土類元素等を含有し，残部がＺｎ及び不可避的不純物からなる溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ系のめっき浴を用いて溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ系合金めっきを施した鋼板を提案してきた（例えば、特開平１０−２２６８６５号公報，特開平１０−３０６３５７号公報を参照）。 The present applicants include Al: 4.0 to 10% by mass, Mg: 1.0 to 4.0% by mass, and if necessary, trace amounts of Ti, B, Si, Zr, rare earth elements, etc. Steel plates that have been subjected to molten Zn-Al-Mg alloy plating using a molten Zn-Al-Mg-based plating bath, the balance of which consists of Zn and inevitable impurities, have been proposed (for example, JP-A-10-226865, (See JP-A-10-306357).
このような溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板は、特に優れた耐食性を有し、かつ表面外観が良好なために各種用途に多用されている。本発明では、この溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板を、ステアリング構造体を構成する各部材の素材として用いることにより、従来錆の発生等、経時劣化しやすかったステアリング構造体の経年劣化を防止することができる。
さらに、溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板は、後述するように摺動特性にも優れている。このため、当該めっき鋼板の使用により、従来摺動性向上のために用いていた潤滑剤の使用を無くすことができ、汚染防止が図られたステアリング構造体を提供できる。
Such a hot-dip Zn—Al—Mg alloy-plated steel sheet has a particularly excellent corrosion resistance and has a good surface appearance, and thus is widely used for various applications. In the present invention, by using this molten Zn-Al-Mg alloy-plated steel sheet as a material of each member constituting the steering structure, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the steering structure, which has been easy to deteriorate with time, such as rust. can do.
Furthermore, the hot-dip Zn—Al—Mg alloy-plated steel sheet is excellent in sliding characteristics as described later. For this reason, the use of the plated steel sheet can eliminate the use of a lubricant that has been used for improving the slidability and can provide a steering structure that is prevented from being contaminated.
本発明者等は、上記溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板について、その表面特性をすべり性の観点から再検討した。
まず、すべり性の一つの観点として摩擦係数を調査した。
Ｃ：０.０５２質量％，Ｓｉ：０.００６質量％，Ｍｎ：０.２４質量％，Ｐ：０.０１５質量％，Ｓ：０.０１３質量％を含み、残部が実質的にＦｅからなる熱延焼鈍板を原板とし、熱延焼鈍ままの板，熱延焼鈍板に目付け量：４５ｇ／ｍ2で溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっきを施したもの（ＺＡＭ４５），及び熱延焼鈍板に目付け量：９０ｇ／ｍ2で溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっきを施したもの（ＺＡＭ９０）、の３種類の鋼板について、摩擦係数を調査した。
The present inventors have reexamined the surface characteristics of the above molten Zn—Al—Mg alloy-plated steel sheet from the viewpoint of slipperiness.
First, the coefficient of friction was investigated as one aspect of slipperiness.
C: 0.052% by mass, Si: 0.006% by mass, Mn: 0.24% by mass, P: 0.015% by mass, S: 0.013% by mass, the balance being substantially composed of Fe A hot-rolled annealed plate is used as a base plate, and a hot-rolled annealed plate, a hot-rolled annealed plate plated with molten Zn-Al-Mg alloy with a basis weight of 45 g / m 2 (ZAM45), and a hot-rolled annealed plate are used. The coefficient of friction was investigated for three types of steel sheets, one having a basis weight of 90 g / m 2 and one subjected to hot dip Zn—Al—Mg alloy plating (ZAM90).
摩擦係数は、その概略を図２に示した（株）レスカ社製のFPR‐2100の摩耗試験機を用い、表１に示す条件で動摩擦係数を測定し、３者間の違いを見た。この際、熱延焼鈍ままの板については防錆油を塗布したものも測定した。なお、図２中、１１は供試材，１２は試料ボール，１３は負荷ウェイト，１４は測定軌跡，１５は荷重センサである。
その結果を図３に示す。
目付け量の多少に拘わらず、溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっきを施したものでは、動摩擦係数が小さく、防錆油を塗布して潤滑処理を施した熱延鋼板以上に摩擦係数が小さくなっていることがわかる。
The friction coefficient was measured using the FPR-2100 wear tester manufactured by Reska Co., Ltd., whose outline is shown in FIG. 2, and the dynamic friction coefficient was measured under the conditions shown in Table 1 to see the difference between the three. Under the present circumstances, what applied the antirust oil was also measured about the board as hot rolled annealing. In FIG. 2, 11 is a specimen, 12 is a sample ball, 13 is a load weight, 14 is a measurement locus, and 15 is a load sensor.
The result is shown in FIG.
Regardless of the weight per unit area, the one with the hot-dip Zn-Al-Mg alloy plating has a small dynamic friction coefficient, which is smaller than that of a hot-rolled steel sheet coated with rust preventive oil and lubricated. I understand that.
次に、上記と同じ３種類の鋼板について、押圧部材間に挟んだ状態での引抜きによるすべり性を調査した。
すべり性の調査には、図４に示すような簡易的な引抜き法を採用した。すなわち、熱延焼鈍まま材からなる固定板２１間に所定の押付け力を加えた状態で挟み込んだ被調査材２２を表２に示した条件で引き抜いたときの引抜き力の違いで、３者間の引抜き性の違いを見た。
なお、潤滑条件として、次の３種の条件を採用した。
すなわち、固定板及び被調査板の両方の表面に防錆油を塗布した条件Ａ、固定板表面にのみ防錆油を塗布した条件Ｂ、及び固定板及び被調査板の両方とも防錆油を塗布していない条件Ｃの３種類である。
Next, about the same three types of steel plates as described above, the slip property by drawing in a state of being sandwiched between pressing members was investigated.
For the investigation of slipperiness, a simple drawing method as shown in FIG. 4 was adopted. That is, the difference in the pulling force when the
In addition, the following three conditions were employ | adopted as lubrication conditions.
That is, Condition A in which rust-preventive oil is applied to the surfaces of both the fixed plate and the plate to be investigated, Condition B in which rust-preventive oil is applied only to the surface of the fixed plate, and rust preventive oil to both the fixed plate and the plate to be examined. There are three types of condition C which is not applied.
引抜き試験結果を図５，６に示す。
図５中（ａ）は押付け力１９.２ＫＮで、（ｂ）は押付け力９.６ＫＮで、（ｃ）は押付け力４.８ＫＮで、（ｄ）は押付け力２.４ＫＮで、押し付けた状態で被調査板を引き抜いたときの潤滑条件と引抜き力の関係を見たものである。また、図６は、潤滑条件として防錆油を全く用いない条件Ｃを採用したときの押付け力と引抜き力の関係を見たものである。
The results of the pull-out test are shown in FIGS.
In FIG. 5, (a) has a pressing force of 19.2KN, (b) has a pressing force of 9.6KN, (c) has a pressing force of 4.8KN, and (d) has a pressing force of 2.4KN. This shows the relationship between the lubrication conditions and the pulling force when the plate to be examined is pulled out. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the pressing force and the pulling force when the condition C in which no rust preventive oil is used is adopted as the lubricating condition.
図５，６の結果に見られるように、目付け量の多少に拘わらず、溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっきを施したものでは、無潤滑でも焼付きを発生することなく単なる熱延鋼板と比較して小さな引抜き力で引抜くことができている。特に押付け力が大きい場合に、この傾向が顕著である。
ところで、本引抜き試験では、固定板の寸法を３９ｍｍ×２５ｍｍに設定している。そして、この固定板間で長尺の被調査板を引抜いて滑らせている。この条件は、車体側ブラケットを被調査材に、コラム側ブラケットを固定板に見立てて両者の間の滑り性を調査したものである。被調査板を小さい引抜き力で引抜けることは、コラム側ブラケットが車体側ブラケット上で滑りやすいことを表わしていることに他ならない。
As seen in the results of FIGS. 5 and 6, the case where the molten Zn—Al—Mg alloy plating was applied regardless of the basis weight, compared with a simple hot-rolled steel sheet without seizure even without lubrication. And can be pulled out with a small pulling force. This tendency is particularly remarkable when the pressing force is large.
By the way, in this pull-out test, the dimension of the fixed plate is set to 39 mm × 25 mm. And the long to-be-inspected board is pulled out and slid between these fixed boards. This condition is a result of investigating the slipperiness between the vehicle body side bracket as a material to be investigated and the column side bracket as a fixed plate. Pulling out the board under investigation with a small pulling force represents that the column side bracket is slippery on the vehicle body side bracket.
また、上記したように固定板間の押付け力が大きい時に、小さい引抜き力でも引抜けることは、例えば自動車の衝突時を想定するとき、完全な正面衝突でなく角度を持って衝突荷重が入力された場合にあっても、コラム側ブラケットは車体側ブラケット上で滑りやすいを示していることになる。
コラム側ブラケットが車体側ブラケット上で滑りやすくなると、衝突荷重が入力されたときにコラム側ブラケットの摺動距離を大幅に延ばすこと、すなわち衝撃吸収能を向上させることが可能になる。
Also, as described above, when the pressing force between the fixed plates is large, pulling out even with a small pulling force means that the collision load is input with an angle rather than a complete frontal collision, for example, assuming a car collision. Even in such a case, the column side bracket shows slippery on the vehicle body side bracket.
If the column side bracket becomes slippery on the vehicle body side bracket, it is possible to greatly extend the sliding distance of the column side bracket when the collision load is input, that is, to improve the shock absorbing ability.
ところで、上記の引抜き性試験結果は、固定板に熱延焼鈍板を、被調査板に溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板を用いて行ったものである。
そこで、固定板及び被調査板の両方に溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板を用い、上記と全く同じ引抜き試験を行った。その結果を上記結果と併せて、図７に示す。
この結果から、固定板及び被調査板の両方に溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板を用いた場合、被調査板にのみ溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板を用いた場合と比べて、約１０％引抜き力が低下していることがわかる。すなわち、コラム側ブラケット及び車体側ブラケットの両方ともに溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板を用いると、衝撃吸収能がさらに向上されることがわかる。
By the way, the above-described pullability test results are obtained by using a hot-rolled annealed plate as the fixed plate and a hot-dip Zn—Al—Mg alloy-plated steel plate as the investigation plate.
Therefore, using the molten Zn—Al—Mg alloy-plated steel sheet for both the fixed plate and the plate to be investigated, the same pull-out test as described above was performed. The results are shown in FIG. 7 together with the above results.
From this result, when using a hot-dip Zn-Al-Mg alloy-plated steel sheet for both the fixed plate and the plate to be investigated, compared to the case of using a hot-dip Zn-Al-Mg alloy-plated steel plate only for the plate to be examined, It can be seen that the pulling force is reduced by 10%. That is, it can be seen that when both the column side bracket and the vehicle body side bracket are made of a molten Zn—Al—Mg alloy-plated steel sheet, the impact absorbing ability is further improved.
以上の調査結果から、コラム側ブラケットと車体側ブラケットとが相対的に摺動する自動車用ステアリング構造体において、少なくとも車体側ブラケットを構成する鋼板として硬質表面を有する溶融Ｚｎ−Ａｌ−Ｍｇ合金めっき鋼板を用いることにより、コラム側ブラケットと車体側ブラケットとの相対的な摺動特性を向上させることができる。
したがって、衝突荷重が入力されたときにコラム側ブラケットの摺動距離を大幅に延ばすこと、すなわち、衝撃吸収能を大幅に向上することができ、搭乗者の安全性が確保されやすくなる。
From the above investigation results, in the automobile steering structure in which the column side bracket and the vehicle body side bracket slide relative to each other, at least a molten Zn—Al—Mg alloy plated steel plate having a hard surface as a steel plate constituting the vehicle body side bracket By using this, the relative sliding characteristics of the column side bracket and the vehicle body side bracket can be improved.
Therefore, when the collision load is input, the sliding distance of the column side bracket can be greatly extended, that is, the shock absorbing ability can be greatly improved, and the safety of the passenger is easily ensured.
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| KR101767788B1 (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2017-08-14 | 주식회사 포스코 | Plating steel material having excellent friction resistance and white rust resistance and method for manufacturing same |
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| JPS63219541A (en) * | 1987-03-09 | 1988-09-13 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Zinc-base alloy for bearing |
| JPS63255337A (en) * | 1987-04-13 | 1988-10-21 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Zinc based alloy for bearing |
| JPH09202932A (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 1997-08-05 | Ndc Co Ltd | Sliding member made of al alloy and plain bearing |
| JPH10310065A (en) * | 1997-05-14 | 1998-11-24 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Steering column device |
| JP2001064759A (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2001-03-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Hot-dip metal coated steel product excellent in workability |
| WO2004000627A1 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2003-12-31 | Nsk Ltd. | Shock absorbing steering column unit for vehicle |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63219541A (en) * | 1987-03-09 | 1988-09-13 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Zinc-base alloy for bearing |
| JPS63255337A (en) * | 1987-04-13 | 1988-10-21 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Zinc based alloy for bearing |
| JPH09202932A (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 1997-08-05 | Ndc Co Ltd | Sliding member made of al alloy and plain bearing |
| JPH10310065A (en) * | 1997-05-14 | 1998-11-24 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Steering column device |
| JP2001064759A (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2001-03-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Hot-dip metal coated steel product excellent in workability |
| WO2004000627A1 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2003-12-31 | Nsk Ltd. | Shock absorbing steering column unit for vehicle |
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| JP2006193024A (en) | 2006-07-27 |
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