JP4546275B2 - Engine lubrication equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lubricating device that supplies lubricating oil to each part of the engine. More specifically, the present invention supplies lubricating oil to each part of the engine, and cools and lubricates the engine lubricating oil by using an existing engine configuration. It relates to technology for maintaining oil performance.

Conventionally, an oil cooler is used to cool engine lubricating oil. This is to supply lubricating oil to a heat dissipating part having a large number of cooling fins, to dissipate heat from the cooling fins, and to cool the lubricating oil supplied to the heat dissipating part. In addition, there is known one that prevents the heating of the lubricating oil by passing the relief oil passage from the lubricating oil pressure regulating valve through the vicinity of the water jacket of the cylinder block and returning to the suction port or the oil pan of the lubricating oil pump ( (See Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-336511 A

  However, when using an oil cooler, it is necessary to secure a space for disposing the oil cooler and to introduce cooling air into the heat radiating section. And it is necessary to provide piping for supplying lubricating oil to the heat radiating section, and it is necessary to change the amount of lubricating oil and the output of the lubricating oil pump. And when improving the cooling performance of lubricating oil a little, it will become excessive equipment. And in the technique described in patent document 1, it is necessary to change the shape of a cylinder block, and the utilization in the existing engine structure is difficult. In addition, if the cooling performance of the lubricating oil is slightly improved, excessive equipment is required.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

A part of the lubricating oil supplied to each part of the engine (1) by the oil pump (22) is jetted into a gear case (3) disposed between the fan (4) and the cylinder block (2), In the engine lubrication apparatus that cools the gear case (3) itself as a heat exchanger, the gear case (3) includes a gear (21) fixed to the crankshaft (20) and the crankshaft (20 ) Gear (21) meshing with the gear (21), gear (25) meshing with the idle gear (31) and mounted on the camshaft (24) for driving the fuel injection pump, and valve cam A gear (27) mounted on the shaft (26) is disposed, and an oil passage (30b) connected to the main gallery (11) to which lubricating oil is fed is formed in the idle gear (31). The idle gear (31) The plate (37) is fixed to the front surface of the support shaft (30) with bolts (36), the discharge groove (35) is provided in the plate (37), and the plate (37) is mounted on the support shaft (30). By connecting the oil passage (30b) of the support shaft (30) and the discharge groove (35) of the plate (37), the discharge groove (35) extends in a direction perpendicular to the support shaft (30). The lubricating oil is sprayed and adhered to the low temperature portion of the inner surface of the gear case (3) from the discharge groove (35) of the plate (37), and the adhered lubricating oil transfers heat to the gear case (3). Since the heated gear case (3) is located on the windward side of the cylinder block (2), it is cooled by the cooling air of the fan (4), and the cooled lubricating oil is lowered by gravity, and the oil pan (5) Are collected .

A gear case in which part of the lubricating oil supplied to each part of the engine (1) by the oil pump (22) is disposed between the fan (4) and the cylinder block (2) as claimed in claim 1. (3) In an engine lubricating device that is jetted into the interior and cooled by using the gear case (3) itself as a heat exchanger, a gear (21) fixed to the crankshaft (20) is placed in the gear case (3). ), An idle gear (31) that meshes with the gear (21) of the crankshaft (20), and a gear that meshes with the idle gear (31) and is attached to the camshaft (24) that drives the fuel injection pump (25) and a gear (27) mounted on the camshaft for valve (26) are arranged, and an oil passage (30b) connected to a main gallery (11) to which lubricating oil is fed is provided with the idle Drilled into the gear (31), The plate (37) is fixed to the front surface of the support shaft (30) of the idle gear (31) with a bolt (36), and a discharge groove (35) is provided in the plate (37), and the plate is mounted on the support shaft (30). By mounting (37), the oil passage (30b) of the support shaft (30) and the discharge groove (35) of the plate (37) are connected, and the discharge groove (35) 30) opens in a direction orthogonal to the plate, and the lubricating oil is jetted and attached to the low temperature portion of the inner surface of the gear case (3) from the discharge groove (35) of the plate (37). Heat is transferred to (3), and the heated gear case (3) is positioned on the windward side of the cylinder block (2), so that it is cooled by the cooling air from the fan (4). down, and configured to be recovered to the oil pan (5) In, it can be cooled efficiently lubricating oil by utilizing the existing engine configuration. And the difference in temperature distribution can be reduced in the gear case, and the possibility of oil leakage due to thermal strain can be reduced.

Further , since the engine lubrication device is configured, the cooling efficiency of the lubricating oil can be improved by a small-scale configuration change, and the lubricating performance of the lubricating oil can be easily maintained.

Further , since the engine lubrication device is configured, the cooling efficiency of the lubricating oil can be improved while maintaining the lubrication. In addition, it is possible to reliably supply the lubricating oil to the low temperature part and to eliminate the uneven temperature distribution in the gear case.

In addition , since the engine lubricating device is configured, the cooling efficiency of the lubricating oil can be easily improved while using the existing engine configuration, and the lubricating performance of the lubricating oil can be easily maintained.

  The present invention efficiently cools lubricating oil by utilizing an existing engine configuration.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of an engine, FIG. 1 (a) is an overall side view, and FIG. 1 (b) is a front view of the engine.

  In the engine 1, a gear case 3 is connected to the front side surface of the cylinder block 2, and a flywheel housing is connected to the rear surface. An oil pan 5 is connected to the lower surface of the cylinder block 2. A gear for transmitting the driving force from the crankshaft 20 to the camshaft, the fuel injection pump, etc. is housed in the gear case 3.

  Lubricating oil is stored in the oil pan 5, and the oil in the oil pan 5 is discharged by pumps to various parts of the engine. The lubricating oil is configured to return to the oil pan 5 again after the engine 1 is lubricated. A fan 4 is mounted on the front surface of the engine 1, and the fan 4 is driven by a crank pulley 6 connected to a crankshaft 20. Thereby, the fan 4 is configured to send cooling air to the engine 1. A gear case 3 is disposed behind the fan 4, and a cylinder block 2 is disposed behind the gear case 3.

  Next, the configuration within the gear case 3 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a partial front sectional view showing the internal configuration of the gear case. In the gear case 3, gears 21, 25 and 27 and an idle gear 31 are disposed. The gear case 3 is configured to cover the gears 21, 25, 27 and the idle gear 31, and has a shape protruding in the left-right direction from the cylinder block 2 in a front view as shown in FIG. 2. The gear 21 housed in the gear case 3 is connected to the crankshaft 20 and meshes with the idle gear 31. The idle gear 31 is engaged with gears 25 and 27, respectively. The gear 25 is attached to a camshaft 24 that drives the fuel injection pump, and transmits a driving force from the crankshaft 20 to the camshaft 24. The gear 27 is attached to the valve camshaft 26 of the engine and transmits the driving force from the crankshaft 20.

The idle gear 31 is disposed above the crankshaft 20 and is located substantially at the center of the gear case 3 in a front view. Gears 25 and 27 are provided on the left and right sides of the idle gear 30. Idle gear 31 is fitted into the support shaft 30 is rotatably supported by the shaft 30.

  Next, the cooling structure of the lubricating oil in the gear case 3 will be described. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a lubricating oil path, and FIG. 4 is a rear view of the gear case. In this embodiment, a part of the lubricating oil supplied to each part of the engine by the oil pump 22 is discharged into the gear case 3, and the gear case 3 itself is used as a heat exchanger. The lubricating oil stored in the oil pan 5 is supplied to each part of the engine by the oil pump 22. The main gallery 11 is connected to the oil pump 22 and is connected to the oil passage of the support shaft 30. A part of the lubricating oil pumped from the oil pump 22 passes through the main gallery 11 and is discharged from the support shaft 30 into the gear case 3. Lubricating oil discharged from the support shaft 30 adheres to the inner surface of the gear case 3, falls by gravity, and is collected in the oil pan 5.

  The gear case 3 is configured to receive cooling air from the fan 4, and the gear case 3 is located on the windward side of the cylinder block 2. Since the gear case 3 is exposed to the cooling air of the fan 4, the lubricating oil adhering to the inner surface of the gear case 3 transfers heat to the gear case 3, and the heated gear case 3 is cooled by the fan 4. As a result, the lubricating oil can be jetted onto the inner surface of the gear case 3 to cool the lubricating oil. Then, by discharging the lubricating oil toward the low temperature portion in the gear case 3, a high cooling effect can be obtained. The portion of the gear case 3 where the temperature is low is a portion that is separated from the cylinder block 2 that is a heat source and through which the cooling air passes. In the present embodiment, the lubricating oil is discharged to the left and right sides of the gear case 3, so that the lubricating oil can be efficiently cooled using the gear case 3. That is, efficient cooling can be performed by discharging lubricating oil from the support shaft 30 toward the gears 25 and 27. In the gear case 3, the hatched portions 3 a and 3 b shown in FIG. 4 are portions where the temperature is lowered, and it becomes easier to cool by attaching lubricating oil thereto. Further, the lubricating oil is discharged to the rotating gears 25 and 27, and the oil droplets are reduced and scattered by the rotation of the gears 25 and 27, thereby increasing the adhesion area of the lubricating oil on the inner surface of the gear case 3 and improving the cooling efficiency. It is also possible to improve.

Next, the configuration of the support shaft 30 that discharges the lubricating oil will be described. FIG. 5 is a view showing the structure of the support shaft, FIG. 5 (a) is a front view of the support shaft, FIG. 5 (b) is a side sectional view, and FIG. 6 is an assembly structure of the support shaft and an oil passage. FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating an assembly configuration, and FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating an oil path configuration of a support shaft. The support shaft 30 is provided with a discharge groove 35, and the lubricating oil is discharged from the discharge groove 35 toward the gear case 3. An oil passage 30 b is formed in the support shaft 30, and lubricating oil from the main gallery 11 is introduced into the support shaft 30. An oil passage 30 c and a discharge groove 35 are connected to the oil passage 30 b provided in the center of the support shaft 30. The oil passage 30b is configured in parallel with the rotation shaft of the idle gear 31, and the lubricating oil from the main gallery 11 flows into the oil passage 30b. The oil passage 30c supplies a part of the lubricating oil introduced into the oil passage 30c to the mounting surface of the idle gear 31. The discharge groove 35 is constituted by a plate 37 attached to the support shaft 30, and the plate 37 is attached to the front surface of the support shaft 30 by a bolt 36 . An oil passage 30b passes through the support shaft 30, and a discharge groove 35 connected to the oil passage 30b is configured by mounting a plate 37 having a groove on the support shaft 30. By connecting the oil passage 30 b and the discharge groove 35, the lubricating oil from the main gallery 11 is jetted into the gear case 3 through the discharge groove 35. This makes it possible to discharge lubricating oil with a simple configuration.

Next, another configuration of the support 30 will be described. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing the support shaft of Configuration Example 1. FIG. 7A is a front view, FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA, and FIG. 7C is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB. is there. FIGS. 8A and 8B are views showing a support shaft having a circular recess, where FIG. 8A is a front view and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA. FIG. 9 is a front view of a spindle having a fan-shaped recess. In the configuration example 1 , a recess is provided on the front surface of the support shaft 30, and the recess is connected to the oil passage 30b of the support shaft 30 so that the lubricating oil is discharged from the recess and applied to the low temperature portion of the gear case 3. It has become. In the support shaft 30 shown in FIG. 7, a recess 30 f is formed on the front surface of the support shaft 30, and the recess 30 f is connected to the oil passage 30 b of the support shaft 30 via an oil passage 30 d. The inner side of the recess 30f is formed on a circular arc, and the outer side is formed in a square shape. Such a recess 30f can be easily machined by moving the end mill from the outside to the inside of the support shaft 30 or by moving the end mill from the inside to the outside of the support shaft 30. The oil passage 30d is configured toward the low temperature portion of the gear case 3. The oil passage 30d connects the recess 30f and the oil passage 30b, and the lubricating oil is discharged substantially along the extension line of the oil passage 30d. Is done. That is, to which part of the gear case 3 the lubricating oil is jetted can be adjusted by the configuration position of the recess 30f and the direction of the oil passage 30d.

  Next, in the support shaft 30 shown in FIG. 8, the recess 30g is formed in a substantially circular shape. The shape of the recess 30g can be easily configured by processing the end mill obliquely with respect to the front surface of the support shaft 30. The recess 30g is connected to the oil passage 30d, and lubricating oil is discharged from the recess 30g.

  And as a shape of the recessed part provided in the spindle 30, you may comprise in the fan shape which spreads the recessed part 30h toward an outer side as shown in FIG. The recess 30h is connected to the oil passage 30d, and lubricating oil is discharged from the recess 30h. With this configuration, the lubricating oil discharged from the recess 30 h reaches the inner surface of the gear case 3 without coming into contact with the support shaft 30.

Next, a configuration in which a nozzle is attached to the support shaft 30 and lubricating oil is discharged toward the low temperature portion of the gear case 3 will be described. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing the structure of the support shaft of Configuration Example 2. FIG. 10A is a front view of the support shaft, FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of the nozzle, FIG. 11 (a) is a rear view of the nozzle, FIG. 11 (b) is a partial sectional view of the nozzle, and FIG. 11 (c) is a partial sectional view of the nozzle tip. is there. In the configuration example 2 , the nozzle 40 is mounted on the front surface of the support shaft 30, the discharge direction of the lubricating oil is adjusted by the nozzle 40, and the lubricating oil is reliably supplied to the low temperature portion of the gear case 3. The nozzle 40 is connected to the oil passage 30b of the support shaft 30, and the lubricating oil of the main gallery 11 is introduced through the oil passage 30b. The nozzle 40 has a shape extending outward from the base 41, is constituted by a pipe, and is configured to communicate with the inside of the base 41. The nozzle 40 is mounted on the front surface of the support shaft 30 via the base 41. Mounting of the base 41 is performed by a bolt 42 having an oil passage inside, and the oil passage 30 b is connected to the nozzle 40 via the bolt 42. As a result, the lubricating oil introduced into the oil passage 30b is discharged from the nozzle 40. A hole for inserting a bolt 42 is provided in the center of the base 41 of the nozzle 40, and the nozzle 40 is attached to the support shaft 30 with the bolt 42 inserted in the hole. The upstream end of the nozzle 40 is connected to the hole of the base 41 and is connected to the oil passage 30 b of the support shaft 30 via a bolt 42. That is, the bolt 42 fixes the nozzle 40 to the support shaft 30 and connects the oil passage 30 b of the support shaft 30 and the oil passage of the nozzle 40. Since the lubricating oil is discharged from the nozzle 40 connected to the support shaft 30, the discharge direction and the accuracy of the location where the lubricating oil is applied can be improved. Moreover, since the nozzle 40 is located in the vicinity of the site | part to which lubricating oil is applied, position adjustment can be performed easily.

  A bolt 42 that fixes the nozzle 40 to the support shaft 30 is provided with a pressure adjusting mechanism to ensure the lubrication of the idle gear 31 first, and the excess lubricating oil is discharged to the gear case 3 to cool the lubricating oil. it can. FIG. 12 is a view showing a pressure adjusting mechanism attached to a bolt, FIG. 12 (a) is a side sectional view, and FIG. 12 (b) is a front view. A pressure adjusting mechanism using a ball 43 is configured in the bolt 42, and when the supply pressure of the lubricating oil exceeds a certain pressure, the lubricating oil is discharged to the gear case 3. An oil passage 42b passes through the bolt 42 along the extending direction, and an oil passage 42c is opened at a central portion of the bolt 42 in a direction orthogonal to the oil passage 42b. A ball 43 is disposed at the intersection between the oil passage 42b and the oil passage 42c, and is urged toward the tip end side (the upper side in FIG. 12) of the bolt 42 by the urging member 44. The oil passage on the rear end side (lower side in FIG. 12) of the bolt 42 is closed by a seal 45, and the seal 45 is fixed to the bolt 42 by a retaining ring 46. A spring is disposed as a biasing member 44 between the seal 45 and the ball 43.

  The tip end side of the oil passage 42b is connected to the oil passage 30b of the support shaft 30, and when the ball 43 closes the oil passage 42b, the lubricating oil is supplied to the mounting surface of the idle gear 31 through the oil passage 30c. When the force received by the ball 43 from the pressure of the lubricating oil supplied to the oil passage 30b exceeds the urging force of the urging member 44, the ball 43 moves to the rear end side, and the oil passage 42b and the oil passage 42c Connecting. As a result, the lubricating oil is supplied to the nozzle 40. Lubricating oil of a certain pressure or more is discharged from the nozzle 40 to the gear case 3, and the lubricating oil is cooled by hitting the low temperature portion of the gear case 3. This makes it possible to cool the lubricating oil while ensuring lubrication to the sliding portion. In this way, the bolt 42 having a pressure adjusting mechanism is provided in the engine lubricating oil ejection path to secure the lubricating oil pressure and to discharge the lubricating oil to the low temperature portion, thereby suppressing the temperature rise of the lubricating oil. Lubrication performance can be maintained.

  It can be used for cooling the lubricating oil in a configuration that has a portion that covers the space connected to the lubricating oil storage space near the portion where the lubricating oil is pumped, and that is more sufficient than the lubricating oil. .

The figure which shows the whole structure of an engine. The partial front sectional view showing the internal configuration of the gear case. The schematic diagram which shows a lubricating oil path | route. The rear view of a gear case. The figure which shows the structure of a spindle. The figure which shows the assembly structure and oil path structure of a spindle. The figure which shows the spindle of the structural example 1. FIG. The figure which shows the spindle in which a recessed part is circular. The front view of the spindle whose recessed part is fan shape. The figure which shows the spindle structure of the structural example 2. FIG. The figure which shows the structure of a nozzle. The figure which shows the pressure regulation mechanism with which a volt | bolt is mounted | worn.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine 2 Cylinder block 3 Gear case 4 Fan 5 Oil pan 11 Main gallery 20 Crankshaft 21 Gear 22 Pump 30 Support shaft 31 Idle gear 35 Discharge groove 37 Plate 40 Nozzle 41 Base 42 Bolt

Claims (1)

A part of the lubricating oil supplied to each part of the engine (1) by the oil pump (22) is jetted into a gear case (3) disposed between the fan (4) and the cylinder block (2), In the engine lubrication apparatus that cools the gear case (3) itself as a heat exchanger, the gear case (3) includes a gear (21) fixed to the crankshaft (20) and the crankshaft (20 ) Gear (21) meshing with the gear (21), gear (25) meshing with the idle gear (31) and mounted on the camshaft (24) for driving the fuel injection pump, and valve cam A gear (27) mounted on the shaft (26) is disposed, and an oil passage (30b) connected to the main gallery (11) to which lubricating oil is fed is formed in the idle gear (31). The idle gear (31) The plate (37) is fixed to the front surface of the support shaft (30) with bolts (36), the discharge groove (35) is provided in the plate (37), and the plate (37) is mounted on the support shaft (30). By connecting the oil passage (30b) of the support shaft (30) and the discharge groove (35) of the plate (37), the discharge groove (35) extends in a direction perpendicular to the support shaft (30). The lubricating oil is sprayed and adhered to the low temperature portion of the inner surface of the gear case (3) from the discharge groove (35) of the plate (37), and the adhered lubricating oil transfers heat to the gear case (3). Since the heated gear case (3) is located on the windward side of the cylinder block (2), it is cooled by the cooling air of the fan (4), and the cooled lubricating oil is lowered by gravity, and the oil pan (5) The engine lubrication device is recovered by

Images